diff --git a/src/components/CalendarView.vue b/src/components/CalendarView.vue
index b34fef2..31448d8 100644
--- a/src/components/CalendarView.vue
+++ b/src/components/CalendarView.vue
@@ -457,26 +457,21 @@ window.addEventListener('resize', () => {
       />
       <div class="calendar-container">
         <div class="calendar-viewport" ref="viewport">
-          <!-- Main calendar content (weeks and days) -->
-          <div class="main-calendar-area">
-            <div class="calendar-content" :style="{ height: contentHeight + 'px' }">
-              <CalendarWeek
-                v-for="week in visibleWeeks"
-                :key="week.virtualWeek"
-                :week="week"
-                :dragging="isDragging"
-                :style="{ top: week.top + 'px' }"
-                @day-mousedown="handleDayMouseDown"
-                @day-mouseenter="handleDayMouseEnter"
-                @day-mouseup="handleDayMouseUp"
-                @day-touchstart="handleDayTouchStart"
-                @event-click="handleEventClick"
-              />
-            </div>
+          <div class="calendar-content">
+            <CalendarWeek
+              v-for="week in visibleWeeks"
+              :key="week.virtualWeek"
+              :week="week"
+              :dragging="isDragging"
+              :style="{ top: week.top + 'px' }"
+              @day-mousedown="handleDayMouseDown"
+              @day-mouseenter="handleDayMouseEnter"
+              @day-mouseup="handleDayMouseUp"
+              @day-touchstart="handleDayTouchStart"
+              @event-click="handleEventClick"
+            />
           </div>
-          <!-- Month column area -->
           <div class="month-column-area">
-            <!-- Month labels -->
             <div class="month-labels-container" :style="{ height: contentHeight + 'px' }">
               <template v-for="monthWeek in visibleWeeks" :key="monthWeek.virtualWeek + '-month'">
                 <div
@@ -549,11 +544,6 @@ header h1 {
   grid-template-columns: 1fr var(--month-w);
 }
 
-.main-calendar-area {
-  position: relative;
-  overflow: hidden;
-}
-
 .calendar-content {
   position: relative;
   width: 100%;
diff --git a/src/components/EventDialog.vue b/src/components/EventDialog.vue
index 625b60d..2d04cce 100644
--- a/src/components/EventDialog.vue
+++ b/src/components/EventDialog.vue
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
   formatDateLong,
   DEFAULT_TZ,
 } from '@/utils/date'
+import { getDate as getOccurrenceDate } from '@/utils/events'
 import { addDays, addMonths } from 'date-fns'
 
 const props = defineProps({
@@ -301,48 +302,18 @@ function openEditDialog(payload) {
   if (!payload) return
 
   const baseId = payload.id
-  let occurrenceIndex = payload.occurrenceIndex || 0
+  let n = payload.n || 0
   let weekday = null
   let occurrenceDate = null
 
   const event = calendarStore.getEventById(baseId)
   if (!event) return
 
-  if (event.recur) {
-    if (event.recur.freq === 'weeks' && occurrenceIndex >= 0) {
-      const pattern = event.recur.weekdays || []
-      const baseStart = fromLocalString(event.startDate, DEFAULT_TZ)
-      const baseEnd = new Date(fromLocalString(event.startDate, DEFAULT_TZ))
-      baseEnd.setDate(baseEnd.getDate() + (event.days || 1) - 1)
-      if (occurrenceIndex === 0) {
-        occurrenceDate = baseStart
-        weekday = baseStart.getDay()
-      } else {
-        const interval = event.recur.interval || 1
-        const WEEK_MS = 7 * 86400000
-        const baseBlockStart = getMondayOfISOWeek(baseStart)
-        function isAligned(d) {
-          const blk = getMondayOfISOWeek(d)
-          const diff = Math.floor((blk - baseBlockStart) / WEEK_MS)
-          return diff % interval === 0
-        }
-        let cur = addDays(baseEnd, 1)
-        let found = 0
-        let safety = 0
-        while (found < occurrenceIndex && safety < 20000) {
-          if (pattern[cur.getDay()] && isAligned(cur)) {
-            found++
-            if (found === occurrenceIndex) break
-          }
-          cur = addDays(cur, 1)
-          safety++
-        }
-        occurrenceDate = cur
-        weekday = cur.getDay()
-      }
-    } else if (event.recur.freq === 'months' && occurrenceIndex >= 0) {
-      const baseDate = fromLocalString(event.startDate, DEFAULT_TZ)
-      occurrenceDate = addMonths(baseDate, occurrenceIndex)
+  if (event.recur && n >= 0) {
+    const occStr = getOccurrenceDate(event, n, DEFAULT_TZ)
+    if (occStr) {
+      occurrenceDate = fromLocalString(occStr, DEFAULT_TZ)
+      weekday = occurrenceDate.getDay()
     }
   }
   dialogMode.value = 'edit'
@@ -372,10 +343,10 @@ function openEditDialog(payload) {
   eventSaved.value = false
 
   if (event.recur) {
-    if (event.recur.freq === 'weeks' && occurrenceIndex >= 0) {
-      occurrenceContext.value = { baseId, occurrenceIndex, weekday, occurrenceDate }
-    } else if (event.recur.freq === 'months' && occurrenceIndex > 0) {
-      occurrenceContext.value = { baseId, occurrenceIndex, weekday: null, occurrenceDate }
+    if (event.recur.freq === 'weeks' && n >= 0) {
+      occurrenceContext.value = { baseId, occurrenceIndex: n, weekday, occurrenceDate }
+    } else if (event.recur.freq === 'months' && n > 0) {
+      occurrenceContext.value = { baseId, occurrenceIndex: n, weekday: null, occurrenceDate }
     }
   }
   // anchor to base event start date
diff --git a/src/components/EventOverlay.vue b/src/components/EventOverlay.vue
index 3de07bb..4a4482b 100644
--- a/src/components/EventOverlay.vue
+++ b/src/components/EventOverlay.vue
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@
     >
       <div
         v-for="span in seg.events"
-        :key="span.id"
+        :key="span.id + '-' + (span.n != null ? span.n : 0)"
         class="event-span"
         dir="auto"
         :class="[`event-color-${span.colorId}`]"
         :data-id="span.id"
-        :data-n="span._recurrenceIndex != null ? span._recurrenceIndex : 0"
+        :data-n="span.n != null ? span.n : 0"
         :style="{
           gridColumn: `${span.startIdxRel + 1} / ${span.endIdxRel + 2}`,
           gridRow: `${span.row}`,
@@ -57,12 +57,17 @@ const eventSegments = computed(() => {
   const spanMap = new Map()
   props.week.days.forEach((day, di) => {
     day.events.forEach((ev) => {
-      const k = ev.id
-      if (!spanMap.has(k)) spanMap.set(k, { ...ev, startIdx: di, endIdx: di })
-      else spanMap.get(k).endIdx = Math.max(spanMap.get(k).endIdx, di)
+      const key = ev.id + '|' + (ev.n ?? 0)
+      if (!spanMap.has(key)) spanMap.set(key, { ...ev, startIdx: di, endIdx: di })
+      else spanMap.get(key).endIdx = Math.max(spanMap.get(key).endIdx, di)
     })
   })
   const spans = Array.from(spanMap.values())
+  // Derive span start/end date strings from week day indices (removes need for per-day stored endDate)
+  spans.forEach((sp) => {
+    sp.startDate = props.week.days[sp.startIdx].date
+    sp.endDate = props.week.days[sp.endIdx].date
+  })
   // Sort so longer multi-day first, then earlier, then id for stability
   spans.sort((a, b) => {
     const la = a.endIdx - a.startIdx
@@ -169,25 +174,13 @@ onBeforeUnmount(() => {
 
 function handleEventClick(span) {
   if (justDragged.value) return
-  // Emit composite payload: base id (without virtual marker), instance id, occurrence index (data-n)
-  const idStr = span.id
-  const hasVirtualMarker = typeof idStr === 'string' && idStr.includes('_v_')
-  const baseId = hasVirtualMarker ? idStr.slice(0, idStr.lastIndexOf('_v_')) : idStr
-  emit('event-click', {
-    id: baseId,
-    instanceId: span.id,
-    occurrenceIndex: span._recurrenceIndex != null ? span._recurrenceIndex : 0,
-  })
+  emit('event-click', { id: span.id, n: span.n != null ? span.n : 0 })
 }
 
 function handleEventPointerDown(span, event) {
   if (event.target.classList.contains('resize-handle')) return
   event.stopPropagation()
-  const idStr = span.id
-  const hasVirtualMarker = typeof idStr === 'string' && idStr.includes('_v_')
-  const baseId = hasVirtualMarker ? idStr.slice(0, idStr.lastIndexOf('_v_')) : idStr
-  const isVirtual = hasVirtualMarker
-  // Determine which day within the span was grabbed so we maintain relative position
+  const baseId = span.id
   let anchorDate = span.startDate
   try {
     const spanDays = daysInclusive(span.startDate, span.endDate)
@@ -202,14 +195,11 @@ function handleEventPointerDown(span, event) {
       if (dayIndex >= spanDays) dayIndex = spanDays - 1
       anchorDate = addDaysStr(span.startDate, dayIndex)
     }
-  } catch (e) {
-    // Fallback to startDate if any calculation fails
-  }
+  } catch (e) {}
   startLocalDrag(
     {
       id: baseId,
       originalId: span.id,
-      isVirtual,
       mode: 'move',
       pointerStartX: event.clientX,
       pointerStartY: event.clientY,
@@ -223,15 +213,11 @@ function handleEventPointerDown(span, event) {
 
 function handleResizePointerDown(span, mode, event) {
   event.stopPropagation()
-  const idStr = span.id
-  const hasVirtualMarker = typeof idStr === 'string' && idStr.includes('_v_')
-  const baseId = hasVirtualMarker ? idStr.slice(0, idStr.lastIndexOf('_v_')) : idStr
-  const isVirtual = hasVirtualMarker
+  const baseId = span.id
   startLocalDrag(
     {
       id: baseId,
       originalId: span.id,
-      isVirtual,
       mode,
       pointerStartX: event.clientX,
       pointerStartY: event.clientY,
@@ -253,7 +239,6 @@ function startLocalDrag(init, evt) {
     else anchorOffset = daysInclusive(init.startDate, init.anchorDate) - 1
   }
 
-  // Capture original repeating pattern & weekday (for weekly repeats) so we can rotate relative to original
   let originalWeekday = null
   let originalPattern = null
   if (init.mode === 'move') {
@@ -280,13 +265,11 @@ function startLocalDrag(init, evt) {
     tentativeEnd: init.endDate,
     originalWeekday,
     originalPattern,
-    realizedId: null, // for virtual occurrence converted to real during drag
+    realizedId: null,
   }
 
-  // Begin compound history session (single snapshot after drag completes)
   store.$history?.beginCompound()
 
-  // Capture pointer events globally
   if (evt.currentTarget && evt.pointerId !== undefined) {
     try {
       evt.currentTarget.setPointerCapture(evt.pointerId)
@@ -295,7 +278,6 @@ function startLocalDrag(init, evt) {
     }
   }
 
-  // Prevent default for mouse/pen to avoid text selection. For touch we skip so the user can still scroll.
   if (!(evt.pointerType === 'touch')) {
     evt.preventDefault()
   }
@@ -309,7 +291,6 @@ function startLocalDrag(init, evt) {
 function getDateUnderPointer(x, y, el) {
   for (let cur = el; cur; cur = cur.parentElement)
     if (cur.dataset?.date) return { date: cur.dataset.date }
-  // The event overlay may block seeing the day under it, so we need a fallback
   const overlayEl = weekOverlayRef.value
   const container = overlayEl?.parentElement // .days-grid
   if (container) {
@@ -333,7 +314,6 @@ function onDragPointerMove(e) {
   const hitEl = document.elementFromPoint(e.clientX, e.clientY)
   const hit = getDateUnderPointer(e.clientX, e.clientY, hitEl)
 
-  // If we can't find a date, don't update the range but keep the drag active
   if (!hit || !hit.date) return
 
   const [ns, ne] = computeTentativeRangeFromPointer(st, hit.date)
@@ -343,26 +323,22 @@ function onDragPointerMove(e) {
   st.tentativeStart = ns
   st.tentativeEnd = ne
   if (st.mode === 'move') {
-    if (st.isVirtual) {
-      // On first movement convert virtual occurrence into a real new event (split series)
+    if (st.n && st.n > 0) {
       if (!st.realizedId) {
         const newId = store.splitMoveVirtualOccurrence(st.id, st.startDate, ns, ne)
         if (newId) {
           st.realizedId = newId
           st.id = newId
-          st.isVirtual = false
+          // converted to standalone event
         } else {
           return
         }
       } else {
-        // Subsequent moves: update range without rotating pattern automatically
         store.setEventRange(st.id, ns, ne, { mode: 'move', rotatePattern: false })
       }
     } else {
-      // Normal non-virtual move; rotate handled in setEventRange
       store.setEventRange(st.id, ns, ne, { mode: 'move', rotatePattern: false })
     }
-    // Manual rotation relative to original pattern (keeps pattern anchored to initially grabbed weekday)
     if (st.originalPattern && st.originalWeekday != null) {
       try {
         const currentWeekday = new Date(ns + 'T00:00:00').getDay()
@@ -375,15 +351,9 @@ function onDragPointerMove(e) {
         }
       } catch {}
     }
-  } else if (!st.isVirtual) {
-    // Resizes on real events update immediately
-    applyRangeDuringDrag(
-      { id: st.id, isVirtual: st.isVirtual, mode: st.mode, startDate: ns, endDate: ne },
-      ns,
-      ne,
-    )
-  } else if (st.isVirtual && (st.mode === 'resize-left' || st.mode === 'resize-right')) {
-    // For virtual occurrence resize: convert to real once, then adjust range
+  } else if (!(st.n && st.n > 0)) {
+    applyRangeDuringDrag({ id: st.id, mode: st.mode, startDate: ns, endDate: ne }, ns, ne)
+  } else if (st.n && st.n > 0 && (st.mode === 'resize-left' || st.mode === 'resize-right')) {
     if (!st.realizedId) {
       const initialStart = ns
       const initialEnd = ne
@@ -391,10 +361,9 @@ function onDragPointerMove(e) {
       if (newId) {
         st.realizedId = newId
         st.id = newId
-        st.isVirtual = false
+        // converted
       } else return
     }
-    // Apply range change; rotate if left edge moved and weekday changed
     const rotate = st.mode === 'resize-left'
     store.setEventRange(st.id, ns, ne, { mode: st.mode, rotatePattern: rotate })
   }
@@ -404,7 +373,6 @@ function onDragPointerUp(e) {
   const st = dragState.value
   if (!st) return
 
-  // Release pointer capture if it was set
   if (e.target && e.pointerId !== undefined) {
     try {
       e.target.releasePointerCapture(e.pointerId)
@@ -424,11 +392,10 @@ function onDragPointerUp(e) {
 
   if (moved) {
     // Apply final mutation if virtual (we deferred) or if non-virtual no further change (rare)
-    if (st.isVirtual) {
+    if (st.n && st.n > 0) {
       applyRangeDuringDrag(
         {
           id: st.id,
-          isVirtual: st.isVirtual,
           mode: st.mode,
           startDate: finalStart,
           endDate: finalEnd,
@@ -442,7 +409,6 @@ function onDragPointerUp(e) {
       justDragged.value = false
     }, 120)
   }
-  // End compound session (snapshot if changed)
   store.$history?.endCompound()
 }
 
@@ -471,7 +437,7 @@ function normalizeDateOrder(aStr, bStr) {
 }
 
 function applyRangeDuringDrag(st, startDate, endDate) {
-  if (st.isVirtual) {
+  if (st.n && st.n > 0) {
     if (st.mode !== 'move') return // no resize for virtual occurrence
     // Split-move: occurrence being dragged treated as first of new series
     store.splitMoveVirtualOccurrence(st.id, st.startDate, startDate, endDate)
diff --git a/src/components/HeaderControls.vue b/src/components/HeaderControls.vue
index e381536..46ecdf6 100644
--- a/src/components/HeaderControls.vue
+++ b/src/components/HeaderControls.vue
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@
       >
         ⚙
       </button>
-      <!-- Settings dialog now lives here -->
       <SettingsDialog ref="settingsDialog" />
     </div>
   </Transition>
diff --git a/src/plugins/virtualWeeks.js b/src/plugins/virtualWeeks.js
index 6ea0550..c68852f 100644
--- a/src/plugins/virtualWeeks.js
+++ b/src/plugins/virtualWeeks.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { ref } from 'vue'
-import { addDays, differenceInWeeks } from 'date-fns'
+import { addDays, differenceInWeeks, isBefore, isAfter } from 'date-fns'
 import {
   toLocalString,
   fromLocalString,
@@ -11,9 +11,8 @@ import {
   monthAbbr,
   lunarPhaseSymbol,
   MAX_YEAR,
-  getOccurrenceIndex,
-  getVirtualOccurrenceEndDate,
 } from '@/utils/date'
+import { buildDayEvents } from '@/utils/events'
 import { getHolidayForDate } from '@/utils/holidays'
 
 /**
@@ -54,81 +53,16 @@ export function createVirtualWeekManager({
 
   function createWeek(virtualWeek) {
     const firstDay = getFirstDayForVirtualWeek(virtualWeek)
-    const isoAnchor = addDays(firstDay, (4 - firstDay.getDay() + 7) % 7)
-    const weekNumber = getISOWeek(isoAnchor)
+    const thu = addDays(firstDay, (4 - firstDay.getDay() + 7) % 7)
+    const weekNumber = getISOWeek(thu)
     const days = []
     let cur = new Date(firstDay)
     let hasFirst = false
     let monthToLabel = null
     let labelYear = null
-
-    const repeatingBases = []
-    if (calendarStore.events) {
-      for (const ev of calendarStore.events.values()) {
-        if (ev.recur) repeatingBases.push(ev)
-      }
-    }
-
-    const collectEventsForDate = (dateStr, curDateObj) => {
-      const storedEvents = []
-      for (const ev of calendarStore.events.values()) {
-        if (!ev.recur) {
-          const evEnd = toLocalString(
-            addDays(fromLocalString(ev.startDate, DEFAULT_TZ), (ev.days || 1) - 1),
-            DEFAULT_TZ,
-          )
-          if (dateStr >= ev.startDate && dateStr <= evEnd) {
-            storedEvents.push({ ...ev, endDate: evEnd })
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      const dayEvents = [...storedEvents]
-      for (const base of repeatingBases) {
-        const spanDays = (base.days || 1) - 1
-        const currentDate = curDateObj
-        const baseEnd = toLocalString(
-          addDays(fromLocalString(base.startDate, DEFAULT_TZ), spanDays),
-          DEFAULT_TZ,
-        )
-        for (let offset = 0; offset <= spanDays; offset++) {
-          const candidateStart = addDays(currentDate, -offset)
-          const candidateStartStr = toLocalString(candidateStart, DEFAULT_TZ)
-          if (candidateStartStr === base.startDate) {
-            if (dateStr >= base.startDate && dateStr <= baseEnd) {
-              if (!dayEvents.some((ev) => ev.id === base.id)) {
-                dayEvents.push({
-                  ...base,
-                  endDate: baseEnd,
-                  _recurrenceIndex: 0,
-                  _baseId: base.id,
-                })
-              }
-            }
-            continue
-          }
-          const occurrenceIndex = getOccurrenceIndex(base, candidateStartStr, DEFAULT_TZ)
-          if (occurrenceIndex === null) continue
-          const virtualEndDate = getVirtualOccurrenceEndDate(base, candidateStartStr, DEFAULT_TZ)
-          if (dateStr < candidateStartStr || dateStr > virtualEndDate) continue
-          const virtualId = base.id + '_v_' + candidateStartStr
-          if (!dayEvents.some((ev) => ev.id === virtualId)) {
-            dayEvents.push({
-              ...base,
-              id: virtualId,
-              startDate: candidateStartStr,
-              endDate: virtualEndDate,
-              _recurrenceIndex: occurrenceIndex,
-              _baseId: base.id,
-            })
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      return dayEvents
-    }
-
     for (let i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
       const dateStr = toLocalString(cur, DEFAULT_TZ)
-      const dayEvents = collectEventsForDate(dateStr, fromLocalString(dateStr, DEFAULT_TZ))
+      const events = buildDayEvents(calendarStore.events.values(), dateStr, DEFAULT_TZ)
       const dow = cur.getDay()
       const isFirst = cur.getDate() === 1
       if (isFirst) {
@@ -137,10 +71,11 @@ export function createVirtualWeekManager({
         labelYear = cur.getFullYear()
       }
       let displayText = String(cur.getDate())
-      if (isFirst) {
-        if (cur.getMonth() === 0) displayText = cur.getFullYear()
-        else displayText = monthAbbr[cur.getMonth()].slice(0, 3).toUpperCase()
-      }
+      if (isFirst)
+        displayText =
+          cur.getMonth() === 0
+            ? cur.getFullYear()
+            : monthAbbr[cur.getMonth()].slice(0, 3).toUpperCase()
       let holiday = null
       if (calendarStore.config.holidays.enabled) {
         calendarStore._ensureHolidaysInitialized?.()
@@ -157,36 +92,12 @@ export function createVirtualWeekManager({
         lunarPhase: lunarPhaseSymbol(cur),
         holiday,
         isHoliday: holiday !== null,
-        isSelected:
-          selection.value.startDate &&
-          selection.value.dayCount > 0 &&
-          dateStr >= selection.value.startDate &&
-          dateStr <= addDaysStr(selection.value.startDate, selection.value.dayCount - 1),
-        events: dayEvents,
+        isSelected: isDateSelected(dateStr),
+        events,
       })
       cur = addDays(cur, 1)
     }
-    let monthLabel = null
-    if (hasFirst && monthToLabel !== null) {
-      if (labelYear && labelYear <= MAX_YEAR) {
-        let weeksSpan = 0
-        const d = addDays(cur, -1)
-        for (let i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
-          const probe = addDays(cur, -1 + i * 7)
-          d.setTime(probe.getTime())
-          if (d.getMonth() === monthToLabel) weeksSpan++
-        }
-        const remainingWeeks = Math.max(1, maxVirtualWeek.value - virtualWeek + 1)
-        weeksSpan = Math.max(1, Math.min(weeksSpan, remainingWeeks))
-        const year = String(labelYear).slice(-2)
-        monthLabel = {
-          text: `${getLocalizedMonthName(monthToLabel)} '${year}`,
-          month: monthToLabel,
-          weeksSpan,
-          monthClass: monthAbbr[monthToLabel],
-        }
-      }
-    }
+    const monthLabel = buildMonthLabel({ hasFirst, monthToLabel, labelYear, cur, virtualWeek })
     return {
       virtualWeek,
       weekNumber: pad(weekNumber),
@@ -196,6 +107,36 @@ export function createVirtualWeekManager({
     }
   }
 
+  function isDateSelected(dateStr) {
+    if (!selection.value.startDate || selection.value.dayCount <= 0) return false
+    const startDateObj = fromLocalString(selection.value.startDate, DEFAULT_TZ)
+    const endDateStr = addDaysStr(selection.value.startDate, selection.value.dayCount - 1)
+    const endDateObj = fromLocalString(endDateStr, DEFAULT_TZ)
+    const d = fromLocalString(dateStr, DEFAULT_TZ)
+    return !isBefore(d, startDateObj) && !isAfter(d, endDateObj)
+  }
+
+  function buildMonthLabel({ hasFirst, monthToLabel, labelYear, cur, virtualWeek }) {
+    if (!hasFirst || monthToLabel === null) return null
+    if (!labelYear || labelYear > MAX_YEAR) return null
+    let weeksSpan = 0
+    const d = addDays(cur, -1)
+    for (let i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+      const probe = addDays(cur, -1 + i * 7)
+      d.setTime(probe.getTime())
+      if (d.getMonth() === monthToLabel) weeksSpan++
+    }
+    const remainingWeeks = Math.max(1, maxVirtualWeek.value - virtualWeek + 1)
+    weeksSpan = Math.max(1, Math.min(weeksSpan, remainingWeeks))
+    const year = String(labelYear).slice(-2)
+    return {
+      text: `${getLocalizedMonthName(monthToLabel)} '${year}`,
+      month: monthToLabel,
+      weeksSpan,
+      monthClass: monthAbbr[monthToLabel],
+    }
+  }
+
   function internalWindowCalc() {
     const buffer = 6
     const currentScrollTop = viewport.value?.scrollTop ?? scrollTopRef?.value ?? 0
@@ -299,10 +240,6 @@ export function createVirtualWeekManager({
   // Reflective update of only events inside currently visible weeks (keeps week objects stable)
   function refreshEvents(reason = 'events-refresh') {
     if (!visibleWeeks.value.length) return
-    const repeatingBases = []
-    if (calendarStore.events) {
-      for (const ev of calendarStore.events.values()) if (ev.recur) repeatingBases.push(ev)
-    }
     const selStart = selection.value.startDate
     const selCount = selection.value.dayCount
     const selEnd = selStart && selCount > 0 ? addDaysStr(selStart, selCount - 1) : null
@@ -310,63 +247,13 @@ export function createVirtualWeekManager({
       for (const day of week.days) {
         const dateStr = day.date
         // Update selection flag
-        if (selStart && selEnd) day.isSelected = dateStr >= selStart && dateStr <= selEnd
-        else day.isSelected = false
-        // Rebuild events list for this day
-        const storedEvents = []
-        for (const ev of calendarStore.events.values()) {
-          if (!ev.recur) {
-            const evEnd = toLocalString(
-              addDays(fromLocalString(ev.startDate, DEFAULT_TZ), (ev.days || 1) - 1),
-              DEFAULT_TZ,
-            )
-            if (dateStr >= ev.startDate && dateStr <= evEnd) {
-              storedEvents.push({ ...ev, endDate: evEnd })
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        const dayEvents = [...storedEvents]
-        for (const base of repeatingBases) {
-          const spanDays = (base.days || 1) - 1
-          const currentDate = fromLocalString(dateStr, DEFAULT_TZ)
-          const baseEndStr = toLocalString(
-            addDays(fromLocalString(base.startDate, DEFAULT_TZ), spanDays),
-            DEFAULT_TZ,
-          )
-          for (let offset = 0; offset <= spanDays; offset++) {
-            const candidateStart = addDays(currentDate, -offset)
-            const candidateStartStr = toLocalString(candidateStart, DEFAULT_TZ)
-            if (candidateStartStr === base.startDate) {
-              if (dateStr >= base.startDate && dateStr <= baseEndStr) {
-                if (!dayEvents.some((ev) => ev.id === base.id)) {
-                  dayEvents.push({
-                    ...base,
-                    endDate: baseEndStr,
-                    _recurrenceIndex: 0,
-                    _baseId: base.id,
-                  })
-                }
-              }
-              continue
-            }
-            const occurrenceIndex = getOccurrenceIndex(base, candidateStartStr, DEFAULT_TZ)
-            if (occurrenceIndex === null) continue
-            const virtualEndDate = getVirtualOccurrenceEndDate(base, candidateStartStr, DEFAULT_TZ)
-            if (dateStr < candidateStartStr || dateStr > virtualEndDate) continue
-            const virtualId = base.id + '_v_' + candidateStartStr
-            if (!dayEvents.some((ev) => ev.id === virtualId)) {
-              dayEvents.push({
-                ...base,
-                id: virtualId,
-                startDate: candidateStartStr,
-                endDate: virtualEndDate,
-                _recurrenceIndex: occurrenceIndex,
-                _baseId: base.id,
-              })
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        day.events = dayEvents
+        if (selStart && selEnd) {
+          const d = fromLocalString(dateStr, DEFAULT_TZ),
+            s = fromLocalString(selStart, DEFAULT_TZ),
+            e = fromLocalString(selEnd, DEFAULT_TZ)
+          day.isSelected = !isBefore(d, s) && !isAfter(d, e)
+        } else day.isSelected = false
+        day.events = buildDayEvents(dateStr)
       }
     }
     if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
diff --git a/src/stores/CalendarStore.js b/src/stores/CalendarStore.js
index 5b5adab..04a25ce 100644
--- a/src/stores/CalendarStore.js
+++ b/src/stores/CalendarStore.js
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import {
   fromLocalString,
   getLocaleWeekendDays,
   getMondayOfISOWeek,
-  getOccurrenceDate,
   DEFAULT_TZ,
 } from '@/utils/date'
 import { differenceInCalendarDays, addDays } from 'date-fns'
@@ -201,11 +200,6 @@ export const useCalendarStore = defineStore('calendar', {
         this.deleteEvent(baseId)
         return
       }
-      const nextStartStr = getOccurrenceDate(base, 1, DEFAULT_TZ)
-      if (!nextStartStr) {
-        this.deleteEvent(baseId)
-        return
-      }
       base.startDate = nextStartStr
       // keep same days length
       if (numericCount !== Infinity) base.recur.count = String(Math.max(1, numericCount - 1))
@@ -228,9 +222,11 @@ export const useCalendarStore = defineStore('calendar', {
       }
       const snapshot = { ...base }
       snapshot.recur = snapshot.recur ? { ...snapshot.recur } : null
+      if (base.recur.count === occurrenceIndex + 1) {
+        base.recur.count = occurrenceIndex
+        return
+      }
       base.recur.count = occurrenceIndex
-      const nextStartStr = getOccurrenceDate(snapshot, occurrenceIndex + 1, DEFAULT_TZ)
-      if (!nextStartStr) return
       const originalNumeric =
         snapshot.recur.count === 'unlimited' ? Infinity : parseInt(snapshot.recur.count, 10)
       let remainingCount = 'unlimited'
diff --git a/src/utils/date.js b/src/utils/date.js
index 863ec90..50dfa0a 100644
--- a/src/utils/date.js
+++ b/src/utils/date.js
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ const monthAbbr = [
   'nov',
   'dec',
 ]
-const MIN_YEAR = 100 // less than 100 is interpreted as 19xx
+// Browser safe range
+const MIN_YEAR = 100
 const MAX_YEAR = 9999
 
 // Core helpers ------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -70,169 +71,7 @@ function getMondayOfISOWeek(date, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
 
 const mondayIndex = (d) => (dateFns.getDay(d) + 6) % 7
 
-// Count how many days in [startDate..endDate] match the boolean `pattern` array
-function countPatternDaysInInterval(startDate, endDate, patternArr) {
-  const days = dateFns.eachDayOfInterval({
-    start: dateFns.startOfDay(startDate),
-    end: dateFns.startOfDay(endDate),
-  })
-  return days.reduce((c, d) => c + (patternArr[dateFns.getDay(d)] ? 1 : 0), 0)
-}
-
-// Recurrence: Weekly ------------------------------------------------------
-function _getRecur(event) {
-  return event?.recur ?? null
-}
-
-function getWeeklyOccurrenceIndex(event, dateStr, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
-  const recur = _getRecur(event)
-  if (!recur || recur.freq !== 'weeks') return null
-  const pattern = recur.weekdays || []
-  if (!pattern.some(Boolean)) return null
-
-  const target = fromLocalString(dateStr, timeZone)
-  const baseStart = fromLocalString(event.startDate, timeZone)
-  if (target < baseStart) return null
-
-  const dow = dateFns.getDay(target)
-  if (!pattern[dow]) return null // target not active
-
-  const interval = recur.interval || 1
-  const baseBlockStart = getMondayOfISOWeek(baseStart, timeZone)
-  const currentBlockStart = getMondayOfISOWeek(target, timeZone)
-  // Number of weeks between block starts (each block start is a Monday)
-  const weekDiff = dateFns.differenceInCalendarWeeks(currentBlockStart, baseBlockStart)
-  if (weekDiff < 0 || weekDiff % interval !== 0) return null
-
-  const baseDow = dateFns.getDay(baseStart)
-  const baseCountsAsPattern = !!pattern[baseDow]
-
-  // Same ISO week as base: count pattern days from baseStart up to target (inclusive)
-  if (weekDiff === 0) {
-    let n = countPatternDaysInInterval(baseStart, target, pattern) - 1
-    if (!baseCountsAsPattern) n += 1
-    const maxCount = recur.count === 'unlimited' ? Infinity : parseInt(recur.count, 10)
-    return n < 0 || n >= maxCount ? null : n
-  }
-
-  const baseWeekEnd = dateFns.addDays(baseBlockStart, 6)
-  // Count pattern days in the first (possibly partial) week from baseStart..baseWeekEnd
-  const firstWeekCount = countPatternDaysInInterval(baseStart, baseWeekEnd, pattern)
-  const alignedWeeksBetween = weekDiff / interval - 1
-  const fullPatternWeekCount = pattern.filter(Boolean).length
-  const middleWeeksCount = alignedWeeksBetween > 0 ? alignedWeeksBetween * fullPatternWeekCount : 0
-  // Count pattern days in the current (possibly partial) week from currentBlockStart..target
-  const currentWeekCount = countPatternDaysInInterval(currentBlockStart, target, pattern)
-  let n = firstWeekCount + middleWeeksCount + currentWeekCount - 1
-  if (!baseCountsAsPattern) n += 1
-  const maxCount = recur.count === 'unlimited' ? Infinity : parseInt(recur.count, 10)
-  return n >= maxCount ? null : n
-}
-
-// Recurrence: Monthly -----------------------------------------------------
-function getMonthlyOccurrenceIndex(event, dateStr, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
-  const recur = _getRecur(event)
-  if (!recur || recur.freq !== 'months') return null
-  const baseStart = fromLocalString(event.startDate, timeZone)
-  const d = fromLocalString(dateStr, timeZone)
-  const diffMonths = dateFns.differenceInCalendarMonths(d, baseStart)
-  if (diffMonths < 0) return null
-  const interval = recur.interval || 1
-  if (diffMonths % interval !== 0) return null
-  const baseDay = dateFns.getDate(baseStart)
-  const effectiveDay = Math.min(baseDay, dateFns.getDaysInMonth(d))
-  if (dateFns.getDate(d) !== effectiveDay) return null
-  const n = diffMonths / interval
-  const maxCount = recur.count === 'unlimited' ? Infinity : parseInt(recur.count, 10)
-  return n >= maxCount ? null : n
-}
-
-function getOccurrenceIndex(event, dateStr, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
-  const recur = _getRecur(event)
-  if (!recur) return null
-  if (dateStr < event.startDate) return null
-  if (recur.freq === 'weeks') return getWeeklyOccurrenceIndex(event, dateStr, timeZone)
-  if (recur.freq === 'months') return getMonthlyOccurrenceIndex(event, dateStr, timeZone)
-  return null
-}
-
-// Reverse lookup: given a recurrence index (0-based) return the occurrence start date string.
-// Returns null if the index is out of range or the event is not repeating.
-function getWeeklyOccurrenceDate(event, occurrenceIndex, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
-  const recur = _getRecur(event)
-  if (!recur || recur.freq !== 'weeks') return null
-  if (occurrenceIndex < 0 || !Number.isInteger(occurrenceIndex)) return null
-  const maxCount = recur.count === 'unlimited' ? Infinity : parseInt(recur.count, 10)
-  if (occurrenceIndex >= maxCount) return null
-  const pattern = recur.weekdays || []
-  if (!pattern.some(Boolean)) return null
-  const interval = recur.interval || 1
-  const baseStart = fromLocalString(event.startDate, timeZone)
-  if (occurrenceIndex === 0) return toLocalString(baseStart, timeZone)
-  const baseWeekMonday = getMondayOfISOWeek(baseStart, timeZone)
-  const baseDow = dateFns.getDay(baseStart)
-  const baseCountsAsPattern = !!pattern[baseDow]
-  // Adjust index if base weekday is not part of the pattern (pattern occurrences shift by +1)
-  let occ = occurrenceIndex
-  if (!baseCountsAsPattern) occ -= 1
-  if (occ < 0) return null
-  // Sorted list of active weekday indices
-  const patternDays = []
-  for (let d = 0; d < 7; d++) if (pattern[d]) patternDays.push(d)
-  // First (possibly partial) week: only pattern days >= baseDow and >= baseStart date
-  const firstWeekDates = []
-  for (const d of patternDays) {
-    if (d < baseDow) continue
-    const date = dateFns.addDays(baseWeekMonday, d)
-    if (date < baseStart) continue
-    firstWeekDates.push(date)
-  }
-  const F = firstWeekDates.length
-  if (occ < F) {
-    return toLocalString(firstWeekDates[occ], timeZone)
-  }
-  const remaining = occ - F
-  const P = patternDays.length
-  if (P === 0) return null
-  // Determine aligned week group (k >= 1) in which the remaining-th occurrence lies
-  const k = Math.floor(remaining / P) + 1 // 1-based aligned week count after base week
-  const indexInWeek = remaining % P
-  const dow = patternDays[indexInWeek]
-  const occurrenceDate = dateFns.addDays(baseWeekMonday, k * interval * 7 + dow)
-  return toLocalString(occurrenceDate, timeZone)
-}
-
-function getMonthlyOccurrenceDate(event, occurrenceIndex, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
-  const recur = _getRecur(event)
-  if (!recur || recur.freq !== 'months') return null
-  if (occurrenceIndex < 0 || !Number.isInteger(occurrenceIndex)) return null
-  const maxCount = recur.count === 'unlimited' ? Infinity : parseInt(recur.count, 10)
-  if (occurrenceIndex >= maxCount) return null
-  const interval = recur.interval || 1
-  const baseStart = fromLocalString(event.startDate, timeZone)
-  const targetMonthOffset = occurrenceIndex * interval
-  const monthDate = dateFns.addMonths(baseStart, targetMonthOffset)
-  // Adjust day for shorter months (clamp like forward logic)
-  const baseDay = dateFns.getDate(baseStart)
-  const daysInTargetMonth = dateFns.getDaysInMonth(monthDate)
-  const day = Math.min(baseDay, daysInTargetMonth)
-  const actual = makeTZDate(dateFns.getYear(monthDate), dateFns.getMonth(monthDate), day, timeZone)
-  return toLocalString(actual, timeZone)
-}
-
-function getOccurrenceDate(event, occurrenceIndex, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
-  const recur = _getRecur(event)
-  if (!recur) return null
-  if (recur.freq === 'weeks') return getWeeklyOccurrenceDate(event, occurrenceIndex, timeZone)
-  if (recur.freq === 'months') return getMonthlyOccurrenceDate(event, occurrenceIndex, timeZone)
-  return null
-}
-
-function getVirtualOccurrenceEndDate(event, occurrenceStartDate, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
-  const spanDays = Math.max(0, (event.days || 1) - 1)
-  const occurrenceStart = fromLocalString(occurrenceStartDate, timeZone)
-  return toLocalString(dateFns.addDays(occurrenceStart, spanDays), timeZone)
-}
+// (Recurrence utilities moved to events.js)
 
 // Utility formatting & localization ---------------------------------------
 const pad = (n) => String(n).padStart(2, '0')
@@ -366,9 +205,6 @@ export {
   // recurrence
   getMondayOfISOWeek,
   mondayIndex,
-  getOccurrenceIndex,
-  getOccurrenceDate,
-  getVirtualOccurrenceEndDate,
   // formatting & localization
   pad,
   daysInclusive,
diff --git a/src/utils/events.js b/src/utils/events.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc79b4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/events.js
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+import * as dateFns from 'date-fns'
+import { fromLocalString, toLocalString, getMondayOfISOWeek, makeTZDate, DEFAULT_TZ } from './date'
+import { addDays, isBefore, isAfter, differenceInCalendarDays } from 'date-fns'
+
+function countPatternDaysInInterval(startDate, endDate, patternArr) {
+  const days = dateFns.eachDayOfInterval({
+    start: dateFns.startOfDay(startDate),
+    end: dateFns.startOfDay(endDate),
+  })
+  return days.reduce((c, d) => c + (patternArr[dateFns.getDay(d)] ? 1 : 0), 0)
+}
+
+export function getNWeekly(event, dateStr, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
+  const { recur } = event
+  if (!recur || recur.freq !== 'weeks') return null
+  const pattern = recur.weekdays || []
+  if (!pattern.some(Boolean)) return null
+  const target = fromLocalString(dateStr, timeZone)
+  const baseStart = fromLocalString(event.startDate, timeZone)
+  if (dateFns.isBefore(target, baseStart)) return null
+  const dow = dateFns.getDay(target)
+  if (!pattern[dow]) return null
+  const interval = recur.interval || 1
+  const baseBlockStart = getMondayOfISOWeek(baseStart, timeZone)
+  const currentBlockStart = getMondayOfISOWeek(target, timeZone)
+  const weekDiff = dateFns.differenceInCalendarWeeks(currentBlockStart, baseBlockStart)
+  if (weekDiff < 0 || weekDiff % interval !== 0) return null
+  const baseDow = dateFns.getDay(baseStart)
+  const baseCountsAsPattern = !!pattern[baseDow]
+  if (weekDiff === 0) {
+    let n = countPatternDaysInInterval(baseStart, target, pattern) - 1
+    if (!baseCountsAsPattern) n += 1
+    const maxCount = recur.count === 'unlimited' ? Infinity : parseInt(recur.count, 10)
+    return n < 0 || n >= maxCount ? null : n
+  }
+  const baseWeekEnd = dateFns.addDays(baseBlockStart, 6)
+  const firstWeekCount = countPatternDaysInInterval(baseStart, baseWeekEnd, pattern)
+  const alignedWeeksBetween = weekDiff / interval - 1
+  const fullPatternWeekCount = pattern.filter(Boolean).length
+  const middleWeeksCount = alignedWeeksBetween > 0 ? alignedWeeksBetween * fullPatternWeekCount : 0
+  const currentWeekCount = countPatternDaysInInterval(currentBlockStart, target, pattern)
+  let n = firstWeekCount + middleWeeksCount + currentWeekCount - 1
+  if (!baseCountsAsPattern) n += 1
+  const maxCount = recur.count === 'unlimited' ? Infinity : parseInt(recur.count, 10)
+  return n >= maxCount ? null : n
+}
+
+function getNMonthly(event, dateStr, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
+  const { recur } = event
+  if (!recur || recur.freq !== 'months') return null
+  const baseStart = fromLocalString(event.startDate, timeZone)
+  const d = fromLocalString(dateStr, timeZone)
+  const diffMonths = dateFns.differenceInCalendarMonths(d, baseStart)
+  if (diffMonths < 0) return null
+  const interval = recur.interval || 1
+  if (diffMonths % interval !== 0) return null
+  const baseDay = dateFns.getDate(baseStart)
+  const effectiveDay = Math.min(baseDay, dateFns.getDaysInMonth(d))
+  if (dateFns.getDate(d) !== effectiveDay) return null
+  const n = diffMonths / interval
+  const maxCount = recur.count === 'unlimited' ? Infinity : parseInt(recur.count, 10)
+  return n >= maxCount ? null : n
+}
+
+function getN(event, dateStr, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
+  const { recur } = event
+  if (!recur) return null
+  const targetDate = fromLocalString(dateStr, timeZone)
+  const eventStartDate = fromLocalString(event.startDate, timeZone)
+  if (dateFns.isBefore(targetDate, eventStartDate)) return null
+  if (recur.freq === 'weeks') return getNWeekly(event, dateStr, timeZone)
+  if (recur.freq === 'months') return getNMonthly(event, dateStr, timeZone)
+  return null
+}
+
+// Reverse lookup: occurrence index -> start date string
+function getDateWeekly(event, n, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
+  const { recur } = event
+  if (!recur || recur.freq !== 'weeks') return null
+  if (n < 0 || !Number.isInteger(n)) return null
+  const maxCount = recur.count === 'unlimited' ? Infinity : parseInt(recur.count, 10)
+  if (n >= maxCount) return null
+  const pattern = recur.weekdays || []
+  if (!pattern.some(Boolean)) return null
+  const interval = recur.interval || 1
+  const baseStart = fromLocalString(event.startDate, timeZone)
+  if (n === 0) return toLocalString(baseStart, timeZone)
+  const baseWeekMonday = getMondayOfISOWeek(baseStart, timeZone)
+  const baseDow = dateFns.getDay(baseStart)
+  const baseCountsAsPattern = !!pattern[baseDow]
+  let occ = n
+  if (!baseCountsAsPattern) occ -= 1
+  if (occ < 0) return null
+  const patternDays = []
+  for (let d = 0; d < 7; d++) if (pattern[d]) patternDays.push(d)
+  const firstWeekDates = []
+  for (const d of patternDays) {
+    if (d < baseDow) continue
+    const date = dateFns.addDays(baseWeekMonday, d)
+    if (date < baseStart) continue
+    firstWeekDates.push(date)
+  }
+  const F = firstWeekDates.length
+  if (occ < F) return toLocalString(firstWeekDates[occ], timeZone)
+  const remaining = occ - F
+  const P = patternDays.length
+  if (P === 0) return null
+  const k = Math.floor(remaining / P) + 1
+  const indexInWeek = remaining % P
+  const dow = patternDays[indexInWeek]
+  const occurrenceDate = dateFns.addDays(baseWeekMonday, k * interval * 7 + dow)
+  return toLocalString(occurrenceDate, timeZone)
+}
+
+function getDateMonthly(event, n, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
+  const { recur } = event
+  if (!recur || recur.freq !== 'months') return null
+  if (n < 0 || !Number.isInteger(n)) return null
+  const maxCount = recur.count === 'unlimited' ? Infinity : parseInt(recur.count, 10)
+  if (n >= maxCount) return null
+  const interval = recur.interval || 1
+  const baseStart = fromLocalString(event.startDate, timeZone)
+  const targetMonthOffset = n * interval
+  const monthDate = dateFns.addMonths(baseStart, targetMonthOffset)
+  const baseDay = dateFns.getDate(baseStart)
+  const daysInTargetMonth = dateFns.getDaysInMonth(monthDate)
+  const day = Math.min(baseDay, daysInTargetMonth)
+  const actual = makeTZDate(dateFns.getYear(monthDate), dateFns.getMonth(monthDate), day, timeZone)
+  return toLocalString(actual, timeZone)
+}
+
+export function getDate(event, n, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
+  const { recur } = event
+  if (!recur) return null
+  if (recur.freq === 'weeks') return getDateWeekly(event, n, timeZone)
+  if (recur.freq === 'months') return getDateMonthly(event, n, timeZone)
+  return null
+}
+
+export function buildDayEvents(events, dateStr, timeZone = DEFAULT_TZ) {
+  const date = fromLocalString(dateStr, timeZone)
+  const out = []
+  for (const ev of events) {
+    const spanDays = ev.days || 1
+    if (!ev.recur) {
+      const baseStart = fromLocalString(ev.startDate, timeZone)
+      const baseEnd = addDays(baseStart, spanDays - 1)
+      if (!isBefore(date, baseStart) && !isAfter(date, baseEnd)) {
+        const diffDays = differenceInCalendarDays(date, baseStart)
+        out.push({ ...ev, n: 0, nDay: diffDays })
+      }
+      continue
+    }
+    // Recurring: gather all events whose start for any recurrence lies within spanDays window
+    const maxBack = Math.min(spanDays - 1, spanScanCap(spanDays))
+    for (let back = 0; back <= maxBack; back++) {
+      const candidateStart = addDays(date, -back)
+      const candidateStartStr = toLocalString(candidateStart, timeZone)
+      const n = getN(ev, candidateStartStr, timeZone)
+      if (n === null) continue
+      if (back >= spanDays) continue
+      out.push({ ...ev, n, nDay: back })
+    }
+  }
+  return out
+}
+
+function spanScanCap(spanDays) {
+  if (spanDays <= 31) return spanDays - 1
+  return Math.min(spanDays - 1, 90)
+}