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pagerite/frontend/src/analytics/format.js
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/**
* Formatters and aggregators for summary sections: totals and the recent
* visit trail.
*/
import { flagFor, langName } from '../langs.js'
/**
* IPv4 unchanged, IPv6 returns the /64 network prefix in compact form.
* Falls back to the original value when parsing fails.
*/
export const hostIP = (ip) => {
try {
if (!ip || !ip.includes(':')) return ip
const strip = (s) => s.replace(/^\[|\]$/g, '')
const norm = strip(new URL(`http://[${ip}]/`).hostname)
const [l, r] = norm.split('::').map((s) => (s ? s.split(':') : []))
const full = r
? [...l, ...Array(8 - l.length - r.length).fill('0'), ...r]
: l
return strip(
new URL(`http://[${full.slice(0, 4).join(':')}::]/`).hostname,
).replace(/::$/, '')
} catch (e) {
console.error('hostIP processing failed for:', ip, e)
return ip
}
}
function showCopiedFeedback(el, event) {
if (typeof document === 'undefined') return
const popup = document.createElement('span')
popup.textContent = 'Copied!'
popup.className = 'copy-popup'
// Fixed to the viewport at the click point: table cells clip absolute
// popups with their overflow: hidden ellipsis styling.
const x = event?.clientX ?? 0
const y = event?.clientY ?? 0
popup.style.cssText =
`position:fixed;left:${x}px;top:${y}px;` +
'transform:translate(-50%, calc(-100% - 0.5rem));padding:0.15rem 0.4rem;' +
'background:var(--text, CanvasText);color:var(--bg, Canvas);' +
'border-radius:0.25rem;font-size:0.75rem;white-space:nowrap;' +
'pointer-events:none;z-index:100;'
document.body.appendChild(popup)
setTimeout(() => popup.remove(), 1200)
}
/** Copy the full IP to the clipboard and show a brief "Copied!" popup. */
export async function copyIp(ip, event) {
if (!ip) return
try {
await navigator.clipboard.writeText(ip)
showCopiedFeedback(event?.currentTarget, event)
} catch {
/* ignore */
}
}
/** Copy arbitrary text to the clipboard and show a brief "Copied!" popup. */
export async function copyList(text, event) {
if (!text) return
try {
await navigator.clipboard.writeText(text)
showCopiedFeedback(event?.currentTarget, event)
} catch {
/* ignore */
}
}
/** Total page views across every page and every bucket. */
export function calcTotalViews(views) {
let n = 0
for (const buckets of Object.values(views || {})) {
for (const c of Object.values(buckets)) n += c
}
return n
}
// Very short reads are navigation/skims, not real reading time.
export const MIN_READ_SECONDS = 10
/** path -> accumulated read seconds for a visit, derived from its trail. */
export function readMapOf(v) {
const map = {}
for (const item of Object.values(v.trail || {})) {
if (item.read) map[item.to] = (map[item.to] || 0) + item.read
}
return map
}
/** Average minutes per visit and average of per-article median read minutes. */
export function calcReadStats(visits) {
const perArticle = {}
let totalVisitSeconds = 0
let visitCount = 0
for (const v of visits || []) {
const read = readMapOf(v)
const secs = Object.values(read).filter((s) => s >= MIN_READ_SECONDS)
if (!secs.length) continue
visitCount++
totalVisitSeconds += secs.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0)
for (const [path, s] of Object.entries(read)) {
if (s >= MIN_READ_SECONDS) {
; (perArticle[path] || (perArticle[path] = [])).push(s)
}
}
}
const avgMinPerVisit = visitCount
? Math.max(1, Math.round(totalVisitSeconds / visitCount / 60))
: 0
let articleMedianSum = 0
const articleCount = Object.keys(perArticle).length
for (const arr of Object.values(perArticle)) {
arr.sort((a, b) => a - b)
const mid = Math.floor(arr.length / 2)
const median = arr.length % 2 ? arr[mid] : (arr[mid - 1] + arr[mid]) / 2
articleMedianSum += Math.max(MIN_READ_SECONDS, median)
}
const avgArticleMedianMin = articleCount
? Math.max(1, Math.round(articleMedianSum / articleCount / 60))
: 0
return { avgMinPerVisit, avgArticleMedianMin }
}
/** Build a path -> page title lookup from the site tree. */
function buildTitleMap(pageTree) {
const titles = new Map()
const walk = (items) => {
for (const item of items || []) {
titles.set(`/${item.path}`, item.title)
walk(item.children)
}
}
walk(pageTree)
return titles
}
/** Last path segment for display; front page becomes a house icon. */
function slugOf(path) {
return path === '/' ? '🏠︎' : path.split('/').pop()
}
/** Host name of an external https origin, with scheme and www. stripped. */
function externalSlug(origin) {
try {
return new URL(origin).host.replace(/^www\./, '')
} catch {
return origin.replace(/^https?:\/\//, '').replace(/^www\./, '')
}
}
/** Origin (scheme://host) of an external https URL, for favicon lookup. */
function externalOrigin(url) {
try {
return new URL(url).origin
} catch {
return ''
}
}
/** Format one trail step: an internal page or an external https origin. */
function stepOf(path, titles) {
if (path?.startsWith('/')) {
return { path, slug: slugOf(path), title: titles.get(path) || '', external: false, home: path === '/' }
}
if (path?.startsWith('https://')) {
return {
path,
slug: externalSlug(path),
title: 'External site',
external: true,
origin: externalOrigin(path),
}
}
return null
}
/**
* Badge data combining a visit's/crawler's external referer origin with the
* visit's UTM tags: the origin as the badge link/label (the favicon is
* looked up by origin in the component), a compact UTM summary (the few
* most informative values) as ``utm`` with the full ``utm_*=value`` list
* as ``utmCopy`` for click-to-copy, and a one-fact-per-line tooltip — the
* full origin URL on the first line, then every ``utm_*=value`` pair.
* Null when there is no external referer and no UTM tag (a plain direct
* visit).
*/
function refererBadgeOf(referer, titles, utmTags = {}) {
const step = stepOf(referer, titles)
const external = step?.external ? step : null
// Compact UTM summary, in display order source, campaign, content, term:
// source only when no referer is known (it just repeats where the visitor
// came from), content only as a stand-in when there is no term. The
// remaining tags (medium and any nonstandard utm_*) fill in only when
// fewer than three of these more useful items exist — and never when a
// term is present (the term alone says enough). The tooltip keeps
// every tag, one pair per line.
const useful = []
if (utmTags.utm_source && !referer) useful.push(utmTags.utm_source)
if (utmTags.utm_campaign) useful.push(utmTags.utm_campaign)
if (utmTags.utm_content && !utmTags.utm_term) useful.push(utmTags.utm_content)
if (utmTags.utm_term) useful.push(utmTags.utm_term)
const rest = useful.length < 3 && !utmTags.utm_term
? Object.keys(utmTags)
.filter((k) => !['utm_source', 'utm_campaign', 'utm_content', 'utm_term'].includes(k))
.map((k) => utmTags[k])
.filter(Boolean)
: []
const utm = [...useful, ...rest].join(' · ')
if (!external && !utm) return null
const utmCopy = Object.entries(utmTags)
.map(([k, value]) => `${k}=${value}`)
.join('\n')
return {
href: external?.origin || '',
label: external?.slug || '',
origin: external?.origin || '',
utm,
utmCopy,
title: [
...(external ? [external.origin] : []),
...Object.entries(utmTags).map(([k, value]) => `${k}=${value}`),
].join('\n'),
}
}
/**
* Human-readable relative timestamp. Adapted from cista-storage: uses
* ``Intl.RelativeTimeFormat`` for short intervals and a compact date for
* anything older than a week.
*/
export function formatWhen(ts, now = Date.now()) {
const date = new Date(ts)
const diff = date.getTime() - now
const adiff = Math.abs(diff)
const formatter = new Intl.RelativeTimeFormat('en', { numeric: 'auto' })
if (adiff <= 5000) return 'now'
if (adiff <= 60000) {
return formatter
.format(Math.round(diff / 1000), 'second')
.replace(' ago', '')
.replaceAll(' ', '\u202F')
}
if (adiff <= 3600000) {
return formatter
.format(Math.round(diff / 60000), 'minute')
.replace('utes', '')
.replace('ute', '')
.replaceAll(' ', '\u202F')
}
if (adiff <= 86400000) {
return formatter
.format(Math.round(diff / 3600000), 'hour')
.replace('hours', 'h')
.replace('hour', 'h')
.replaceAll(' ', '\u202F')
}
if (adiff <= 604800000) {
return formatter
.format(Math.round(diff / 86400000), 'day')
.replaceAll(' ', '\u202F')
}
let d = date
.toLocaleDateString('en-ie', {
weekday: 'short',
year: 'numeric',
month: 'short',
day: 'numeric',
})
.replace('Sept', 'Sep')
if (d.length === 14) d = d.replace(' ', ' \u2007')
d = d.replaceAll(' ', '\u202F').replace('\u202F', '\u00A0')
d = d.slice(0, -4) + d.slice(-2)
return d
}
/** Full UTC timestamp for tooltips, e.g. "2026-08-21 00:20:48 UTC". */
export function formatWhenTooltip(ts) {
return new Date(ts).toISOString().replace('T', ' ').replace('Z', ' UTC')
}
/** Full local timestamp for tooltips, e.g. "21 Aug 2026, 17:38:48". */
export function formatWhenLocal(ts) {
return new Date(ts).toLocaleString('en-ie', {
year: 'numeric',
month: 'short',
day: 'numeric',
hour: '2-digit',
minute: '2-digit',
second: '2-digit',
})
}
/** Preserve locale case with the region/country subtag upper-cased. */
export function formatLang(value) {
if (!value || value === '—') return value
const parts = value.split('-')
if (parts.length > 1) {
parts[parts.length - 1] = parts[parts.length - 1].toUpperCase()
}
return parts.join('-')
}
/** ISO 8601 UTC timestamp without subseconds, e.g. "2026-08-21T00:20:48Z". */
export function formatWhenIso(ts) {
return `${new Date(ts).toISOString().split('.')[0]}Z`
}
/**
* Compact read time for tooltips: "50s" under a minute, "1m23s" otherwise.
*/
export function formatReadTime(seconds) {
if (seconds < 60) return `${seconds}s`
return `${Math.floor(seconds / 60)}m${seconds % 60}s`
}
/**
* Compact visitor counts: plain below 1k, then 1.2k / 10k / 1.2M.
* Truncated, not rounded.
*/
export function formatCount(n) {
if (n < 1000) return String(n)
if (n < 10000) return `${Math.trunc(n / 1000)}.${Math.trunc((n % 1000) / 100)}k`
if (n < 1_000_000) return `${Math.trunc(n / 1000)}k`
return `${Math.trunc(n / 1_000_000)}.${Math.trunc((n % 1_000_000) / 100_000)}M`
}
/**
* Format recent visits for display, newest first. Each step is a linked slug
* pointing to its article; external referers/origins are shown as their
* domain name with the full origin as the link href. The link title shows the
* article heading when known, or "External site" for origins.
*/
export function formatRecentVisits(visits, pageTree, limit = 50) {
const titles = buildTitleMap(pageTree)
return [...visits]
.reverse()
.map((v) => ({
when: new Date(v.start).toLocaleString(),
steps: [v.referer, ...Object.values(v.trail || {}).map((t) => t.to)]
.map((p) => stepOf(p, titles))
.filter(Boolean),
}))
.filter((v) => v.steps.length)
.slice(0, limit)
}
/**
* Count distinct values of a visit field, sorted most-common first.
* Returns an array of [value, count] pairs.
*/
export function countByField(visits, field) {
const counts = {}
for (const v of visits || []) {
const value = v[field]
if (!value) continue
counts[value] = (counts[value] || 0) + 1
}
return Object.entries(counts).sort((a, b) => b[1] - a[1])
}
/**
* Count UTM parameter occurrences across visits. Each distinct
* ``parameter: value`` pair is counted separately. Returns [pair, count].
*/
export function countUtmTags(visits) {
const counts = {}
for (const v of visits || []) {
for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(v.utm || {})) {
const label = `${key}: ${value}`
counts[label] = (counts[label] || 0) + 1
}
}
return Object.entries(counts).sort((a, b) => b[1] - a[1])
}
/** Format a list of [value, count] pairs for inline display. */
export function formatCounts(entries) {
return entries.map(([value, count]) => `${value} (${count})`).join(', ')
}
/**
* Count distinct User-Agent strings among crawler hits, most common first.
* Returns an array of [ua, count] pairs. ``clients`` maps client hashes to
* client records.
*/
export function countCrawlerUas(crawlers, clients) {
const counts = {}
for (const c of crawlers || []) {
const client = (clients || {})[c.client] || {}
const value = client.uarite?.pretty || client.ua || '(no UA)'
counts[value] = (counts[value] || 0) + 1
}
return Object.entries(counts).sort((a, b) => b[1] - a[1])
}
/**
* Reduce a reverse-DNS hostname to its right-most components that fit
* within ``limit`` characters. This keeps the meaningful main domain
* while avoiding absurdly long subdomains like ``xxx.yyy.zzz...provider.net``.
*/
export function mainDomain(host, limit = 24) {
if (!host) return host
const labels = host.split('.').filter(Boolean)
if (!labels.length) return host
const parts = [labels.pop()]
while (labels.length) {
const next = labels[labels.length - 1]
const candidate = `${next}.${parts.join('.')}`
if (candidate.length > limit) break
parts.unshift(labels.pop())
}
return parts.join('.')
}
/**
* Group raw crawler hits by client hash and format each group as a row showing
* every internal page that crawler visited. Rows are sorted by most recent hit
* first, with total hits as a tie-breaker. The group's ``refererBadge`` is
* the latest external referer seen for the crawler — spiders often advertise
* their own site there — rendered as a badge with its favicon like visit
* referers.
* ``clients`` maps client hashes to client records.
*/
export function formatCrawlerRows(crawlers, clients, pageTree, now = Date.now(), site = { multilingual: false, primaryLang: '' }) {
const titles = buildTitleMap(pageTree)
const groups = new Map()
for (const c of crawlers || []) {
const client = (clients || {})[c.client] || {}
const g = groups.get(c.client) || {
clientHash: c.client,
client,
lastStart: 0,
referer: '',
pages: new Map(),
langs: new Set(),
}
const start = new Date(c.start).getTime()
if (start > g.lastStart) g.lastStart = start
if (c.referer) g.referer = c.referer
if (c.lang) g.langs.add(c.lang)
if (c.entry?.startsWith('/')) {
const existing = g.pages.get(c.entry) || { count: 0, status: c.status || 200 }
existing.count += 1
if (c.status != null) existing.status = c.status
g.pages.set(c.entry, existing)
}
groups.set(c.client, g)
}
const totalHits = (g) => {
let n = 0
for (const p of g.pages.values()) n += p.count
return n
}
return [...groups.values()]
.sort((a, b) => b.lastStart - a.lastStart || totalHits(b) - totalHits(a))
.slice(0, 10)
.map((g) => {
const client = g.client || {}
const host = client.host || ''
const isHost = !!host
// Rendered languages read, shown only when they say something the
// primary language alone would not (multilingual sites only).
const langs = [...g.langs].sort()
const showLangs =
site.multilingual && (langs.length > 1 || (langs[0] && langs[0] !== site.primaryLang))
return {
lastSeen: formatWhen(g.lastStart, now),
lastSeenIso: formatWhenIso(g.lastStart),
lastSeenLocal: formatWhenLocal(g.lastStart),
refererBadge: refererBadgeOf(g.referer, titles),
pages: [...g.pages.entries()]
.sort((a, b) => b[1].count - a[1].count)
.map(([path, info]) => ({ ...stepOf(path, titles), count: info.count, status: info.status })),
readFlags: showLangs
? langs.map((l) => ({ flag: flagFor(l), name: langName(l) })).filter((f) => f.flag)
: [],
ip: client.ip || '',
ipDisplay: isHost ? mainDomain(host) : hostIP(client.ip) || client.ip || '—',
isHost,
ua: client.uarite?.pretty || client.ua || '—',
uaRaw: client.ua || '',
uaUrl: client.uarite?.url || '',
lang: client.lang || '—',
langDisplay: formatLang(client.lang),
country: client.country || '—',
city: client.city || '—',
total: totalHits(g),
}
})
}
/**
* Group abuse hits by IP and format each group as a row with the full paths
* probed. Identical requests (same path and status class) are collapsed
* into one entry with their hit count; a path's 404 probes and its real
* (200) reads never merge.
* The paths split into two lists: ``paths`` holds the 404 probes (flagged
* paths — the ones that triggered abuse classification — first, then other
* 404s) shown verbatim, query string included, and ``articles`` holds the
* real (200) document GETs as trail steps resolved against the page tree
* (query string stripped), rendered like the visitor/crawler trails. Within
* each list paths are sorted by count descending, then earliest first.
* Rows are sorted by most recent hit first. Visitor metadata comes from the
* latest client hash seen for the IP; ``clientCount`` tells the visitor cell
* how many distinct client variations the IP produced.
* ``clients`` maps client hashes to client records.
*/
export function formatAbuseRows(abuse, clients, pageTree, now = Date.now()) {
const titles = buildTitleMap(pageTree)
const groups = new Map()
for (const a of abuse || []) {
const client = (clients || {})[a.client] || {}
const ip = client.ip || ''
const g = groups.get(ip) || {
ip,
pathCounts: new Map(),
clientHashes: new Set(),
lastStart: 0,
lastClient: a.client,
}
const start = new Date(a.start).getTime()
if (start > g.lastStart) {
g.lastStart = start
g.lastClient = a.client
}
const path = a.path || ''
// Collapse identical requests, but never merge a path's 404 probes with
// its real (200) reads — a page probed while missing and later created
// must show up in both columns, not flip to "articles read".
const key = `${a.is_404 ? '4' : '2'}${path}`
const existing = g.pathCounts.get(key) || {
path,
count: 0,
firstStart: start,
flag: a.flag || false,
is_404: a.is_404 || false,
}
existing.count += 1
if (start < existing.firstStart) existing.firstStart = start
if (a.flag) existing.flag = true
g.pathCounts.set(key, existing)
g.clientHashes.add(a.client)
groups.set(ip, g)
}
const totalHits = (g) => {
let n = 0
for (const p of g.pathCounts.values()) n += p.count
return n
}
return [...groups.values()]
.sort((a, b) => b.lastStart - a.lastStart)
.slice(0, 10)
.map((g) => {
const all = [...g.pathCounts.values()]
const byCount = (a, b) => b.count - a.count || a.firstStart - b.firstStart
const paths = all
.filter((p) => p.flag || p.is_404)
.sort((a, b) => (a.flag ? 0 : 1) - (b.flag ? 0 : 1) || byCount(a, b))
const articles = all.filter((p) => !p.flag && !p.is_404).sort(byCount)
const pathList = (list) =>
list.map((p) => (p.count > 1 ? `${p.count}× ${p.path}` : p.path)).join('\n')
const client = (clients || {})[g.lastClient] || {}
const host = client.host || ''
const isHost = !!host
const uaRaws = [
...new Set(
[...g.clientHashes]
.map((h) => (clients || {})[h]?.ua)
.filter(Boolean),
),
].join('\n')
return {
lastSeen: formatWhen(g.lastStart, now),
lastSeenIso: formatWhenIso(g.lastStart),
lastSeenLocal: formatWhenLocal(g.lastStart),
paths: paths.map((p) => ({
path: p.path,
count: p.count,
flag: p.flag,
is_404: p.is_404,
})),
allPaths: pathList(paths),
articles: articles
.map((p) => {
const step = stepOf(p.path.split('?')[0], titles)
return step ? { ...step, count: p.count } : null
})
.filter(Boolean),
allArticles: pathList(articles),
clientCount: g.clientHashes.size,
ip: client.ip || g.ip,
ipDisplay: isHost ? mainDomain(host) : hostIP(client.ip || g.ip) || client.ip || g.ip || '—',
isHost,
ua: client.uarite?.pretty || client.ua || '—',
uaRaw: client.ua || '',
uaUrl: client.uarite?.url || '',
uaRaws,
lang: client.lang || '—',
langDisplay: formatLang(client.lang),
country: client.country || '—',
city: client.city || '—',
total: totalHits(g),
}
})
}
/**
* Format raw visit records as rows for a technical table. Returns objects
* with display strings; missing values become "—". The external referer
* (when present) and the UTM tags ride along as ``refererBadge``; ``trail``
* holds the entry page and any further internal pages or external exit
* origins; consecutive views of the same page (e.g. a
* language switch re-view) merge into one step that keeps the
* consecutive-distinct rendered languages, summed read time, and the latest
* status. On multilingual sites the rendered languages surface as flag
* icons: a visit read entirely in one non-primary language gets ``rowFlag``,
* and a visit spanning languages gets per-step ``langFlags`` markers where
* the language begins or changes. Only the 20 most recent visits are shown.
* ``clients`` maps client hashes to client records; ``site`` carries the
* payload's multilingual/primary-language context.
*/
export function formatVisitRows(visits, clients, pageTree, now = Date.now(), site = { multilingual: false, primaryLang: '' }) {
const titles = buildTitleMap(pageTree)
return [...(visits || [])].reverse().slice(0, 20).map((v) => {
const client = (clients || {})[v.client] || {}
const steps = Object.values(v.trail || {})
.map((item) => {
const step = stepOf(item.to, titles)
if (step) {
if (item.read) step.readSeconds = item.read
if (item.status) step.status = item.status
if (item.lang) step.lang = item.lang
}
return step
})
.filter(Boolean)
const trail = []
for (const step of steps) {
const prev = trail[trail.length - 1]
if (prev && prev.path === step.path) {
if (step.lang && step.lang !== prev.langs[prev.langs.length - 1]) prev.langs.push(step.lang)
if (step.readSeconds) prev.readSeconds = (prev.readSeconds || 0) + step.readSeconds
if (step.status) prev.status = step.status
} else {
step.langs = step.lang ? [step.lang] : []
trail.push(step)
}
}
const distinctLangs = new Set(trail.flatMap((s) => s.langs))
const dash = (s) => (s || '—')
const host = client.host || ''
const isHost = !!host
const row = {
lastSeen: formatWhen(v.start, now),
lastSeenIso: formatWhenIso(v.start),
lastSeenLocal: formatWhenLocal(v.start),
langDisplay: formatLang(client.lang),
trail,
refererBadge: refererBadgeOf(v.referer, titles, v.utm),
ip: client.ip || '',
ipDisplay: isHost ? mainDomain(host) : hostIP(client.ip) || client.ip || '—',
isHost,
lang: dash(client.lang),
country: dash(client.country),
city: dash(client.city),
ua: client.uarite?.pretty || client.ua || '—',
uaRaw: client.ua || '',
uaUrl: client.uarite?.url || '',
}
if (site.multilingual && distinctLangs.size) {
if (distinctLangs.size === 1) {
const [tag] = distinctLangs
const flag = flagFor(tag)
if (flag && tag !== site.primaryLang) {
row.rowFlag = flag
row.rowFlagTitle = langName(tag)
}
} else {
// Flag the steps where the rendered language begins or changes;
// lang-less steps keep the comparison chain going, they never flag.
let lastLang = null
for (const step of trail) {
if (!step.langs.length) continue
if (!lastLang || step.langs[step.langs.length - 1] !== lastLang) {
step.langFlags = step.langs.map(flagFor).filter(Boolean)
}
lastLang = step.langs[step.langs.length - 1]
}
}
}
return row
})
}