Fix JSONResponse default content type (#2738)

Fix JSONResponse default content type (#2737)

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug-report.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+name: 🐞 Bug report
+description: Create a report to help us improve
+labels: ["bug", "triage"]
+body:
+  - type: checkboxes
+    id: existing
+    attributes:
+      label: Is there an existing issue for this?
+      description: Please search to see if an issue already exists for the bug you encountered.
+      options:
+      - label: I have searched the existing issues
+        required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: description
+    attributes:
+      label: Describe the bug
+      description: A clear and concise description of what the bug is, make sure to paste any exceptions and tracebacks using markdown code-block syntax to make it easier to read.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: code
+    attributes:
+      label: Code snippet
+      description: Relevant source code, make sure to remove what is not necessary.
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: expected
+    attributes:
+      label: Expected Behavior
+      description: A concise description of what you expected to happen.
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: dropdown
+    id: running
+    attributes:
+      label: How do you run Sanic?
+      options:
+        - Sanic CLI
+        - As a module
+        - As a script (`app.run` or `Sanic.serve`)
+        - ASGI
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: input
+    id: os
+    attributes:
+      label: Operating System
+      description: What OS?
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: input
+    id: version
+    attributes:
+      label: Sanic Version
+      description: Check startup logs or try `sanic --version`
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: additional
+    attributes:
+      label: Additional context
+      description: Add any other context about the problem here.
+    validations:
+      required: false
+

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
----
-name: Bug report
-about: Create a report to help us improve
-labels: ["bug"]
-
----
-
-**Describe the bug**
-<!-- A clear and concise description of what the bug is, make sure to paste any exceptions and tracebacks. -->
-
-
-**Code snippet**
-<!-- Relevant source code, make sure to remove what is not necessary. -->
-
-
-**Expected behavior**
-<!-- A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen. -->
-
-
-**Environment (please complete the following information):**
-<!-- Please provide the information below. Instead, you can copy and paste the message that Sanic shows on startup. If you do, please remember to format it with ``` -->
- - OS: 
- - Sanic Version:
-
-
-**Additional context**
-<!-- Add any other context about the problem here. -->

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-blank_issues_enabled: true
+blank_issues_enabled: false
 contact_links:
   - name: Questions and Help
     url: https://community.sanicframework.org/c/questions-and-help

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature-request.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+name: 🌟 Feature request
+description: Suggest an enhancement for Sanic
+labels: ["feature request"]
+body:
+  - type: checkboxes
+    id: existing
+    attributes:
+      label: Is there an existing issue for this?
+      description: Please search to see if an issue already exists for the enhancement you are proposing.
+      options:
+      - label: I have searched the existing issues
+        required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: description
+    attributes:
+      label: Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
+      description: A clear and concise description of what the problem is. Ex. I'm always frustrated when [...]
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: code
+    attributes:
+      label: Describe the solution you'd like
+      description: A clear and concise description of what you want to happen.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: additional
+    attributes:
+      label: Additional context
+      description: Add any other context about the problem here.
+    validations:
+      required: false
+

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
----
-name: Feature request
-about: Suggest an idea for Sanic
-labels: ["feature request"]
-
----
-
-**Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.**
-<!-- A clear and concise description of what the problem is. Ex. I'm always frustrated when [...] -->
-
-
-**Describe the solution you'd like**
-<!-- A clear and concise description of what you want to happen. -->
-
-
-**Additional context**
-<!-- Add any other context or sample code about the feature request here. -->

.github/workflows/pr-bandit.yml

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ jobs:
           - { python-version: 3.8, tox-env: security}
           - { python-version: 3.9, tox-env: security}
           - { python-version: "3.10", tox-env: security}
+          - { python-version: "3.11", tox-env: security}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout the repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v2

.github/workflows/pr-docs.yml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         config:
-          - {python-version: "3.8", tox-env: "docs"}
+          - {python-version: "3.10", tox-env: "docs"}
       fail-fast: false
 
 

.github/workflows/pr-linter.yml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest]
         config:
-          - { python-version: 3.8, tox-env: lint}
+          - { python-version: "3.10", tox-env: lint}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout the repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v2

.github/workflows/pr-python311.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+name: Python 3.11 Tests
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - "*LTS"
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
+
+jobs:
+  testPy311:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+    name: ut-${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}-${{ matrix.os }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        # os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+        config:
+          - {
+              python-version: "3.11",
+              tox-env: py311,
+              ignore-error-flake: "false",
+              command-timeout: "0",
+            }
+          - {
+              python-version: "3.11",
+              tox-env: py311-no-ext,
+              ignore-error-flake: "true",
+              command-timeout: "600000",
+            }
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        id: checkout-branch
+
+      - name: Run Unit Tests
+        uses: harshanarayana/custom-actions@main
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.config.python-version }}
+          test-infra-tool: tox
+          test-infra-version: latest
+          action: tests
+          test-additional-args: "-e=${{ matrix.config.tox-env }},-vv=''"
+          experimental-ignore-error: "${{ matrix.config.ignore-error-flake }}"
+          command-timeout: "${{ matrix.config.command-timeout }}"
+          test-failure-retry: "3"

.github/workflows/pr-type-check.yml

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ jobs:
           - { python-version: 3.8, tox-env: type-checking}
           - { python-version: 3.9, tox-env: type-checking}
           - { python-version: "3.10", tox-env: type-checking}
+          - { python-version: "3.11", tox-env: type-checking}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout the repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v2

.github/workflows/pr-windows.yml

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ jobs:
           - { python-version: 3.8, tox-env: py38-no-ext }
           - { python-version: 3.9, tox-env: py39-no-ext }
           - { python-version: "3.10", tox-env: py310-no-ext }
+          - { python-version: "3.11", tox-env: py310-no-ext }
           - { python-version: pypy-3.7, tox-env: pypy37-no-ext }
 
     steps:

.github/workflows/publish-images.yml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: true
       matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.7", "3.8", "3.9", "3.10"]
+        python-version: ["3.7", "3.8", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11"]
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository

.github/workflows/publish-package.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: true
       matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.8"]
+        python-version: ["3.10"]
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout Repository

CHANGELOG.rst

@@ -313,8 +313,8 @@ Version 21.3.0
     `#2074 <https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2074>`_
     Performance adjustments in ``handle_request_``
 
-Version 20.12.3 🔷
+Version 20.12.3
-------------------
+---------------
 
 `Current LTS version`
 
@@ -350,8 +350,8 @@ Version 19.12.5
     `#2027 <https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2027>`_
     Remove old chardet requirement, add in hard multidict requirement
 
-Version 20.12.0 🔹
+Version 20.12.0
------------------
+---------------
 
 **Features**
 

README.rst

@@ -102,9 +102,6 @@ Installation
   If you are running on a clean install of Fedora 28 or above, please make sure you have the ``redhat-rpm-config`` package installed in case if you want to
   use ``sanic`` with ``ujson`` dependency.
 
-.. note::
-
-  Windows support is currently "experimental" and on a best-effort basis. Multiple workers are also not currently supported on Windows (see `Issue #1517 <https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/issues/1517>`_), but setting ``workers=1`` should launch the server successfully.
 
 Hello World Example
 -------------------

SECURITY.md

@@ -7,13 +7,15 @@ Sanic releases long term support release once a year in December. LTS releases r
 
 | Version | LTS           | Supported               |
 | ------- | ------------- | ----------------------- |
-| 22.6    |               | :white_check_mark:      |
+| 22.12   | until 2024-12 | :white_check_mark:      |
+| 22.9    |               | :x:                     |
+| 22.6    |               | :x:                     |
 | 22.3    |               | :x:                     |
-| 21.12   | until 2023-12 | :white_check_mark:      |
+| 21.12   | until 2023-12 | :ballot_box_with_check: |
 | 21.9    |               | :x:                     |
 | 21.6    |               | :x:                     |
 | 21.3    |               | :x:                     |
-| 20.12   | until 2022-12 | :ballot_box_with_check: |
+| 20.12   |               | :x:                     |
 | 20.9    |               | :x:                     |
 | 20.6    |               | :x:                     |
 | 20.3    |               | :x:                     |

docs/_static/custom.css

@@ -2,3 +2,12 @@
 .wy-nav-top {
   background: #444444;
 }
+
+#changelog section {
+  padding-left: 3rem;
+}
+
+#changelog section h2,
+#changelog section h3 {
+  margin-left: -3rem;
+}

docs/sanic/changelog.rst

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 📜 Changelog
 ============
 
+.. mdinclude:: ./releases/22/22.12.md
+.. mdinclude:: ./releases/22/22.9.md
 .. mdinclude:: ./releases/22/22.6.md
 .. mdinclude:: ./releases/22/22.3.md
 .. mdinclude:: ./releases/21/21.12.md

docs/sanic/releases/22/22.12.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+## Version 22.12.0 🔶
+
+_Current version_
+
+### Features
+
+- [#2569](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2569) Add `JSONResponse` class with some convenient methods when updating a response object
+- [#2598](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2598) Change `uvloop` requirement to `>=0.15.0`
+- [#2609](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2609) Add compatibility with `websockets` v11.0
+- [#2610](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2610) Kill server early on worker error
+    - Raise deadlock timeout to 30s
+- [#2617](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2617) Scale number of running server workers
+- [#2621](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2621) [#2634](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2634) Send `SIGKILL` on subsequent `ctrl+c` to force worker exit
+- [#2622](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2622) Add API to restart all workers from the multiplexer
+- [#2624](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2624) Default to `spawn` for all subprocesses unless specifically set:
+    ```python
+    from sanic import Sanic
+    
+    Sanic.start_method = "fork"
+    ```
+- [#2625](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2625) Filename normalisation of form-data/multipart file uploads
+- [#2626](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2626) Move to HTTP Inspector:
+    - Remote access to inspect running Sanic instances
+    - TLS support for encrypted calls to Inspector
+    - Authentication to Inspector with API key
+    - Ability to extend Inspector with custom commands
+- [#2632](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2632) Control order of restart operations
+- [#2633](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2633) Move reload interval to class variable
+- [#2636](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2636) Add `priority` to `register_middleware` method
+- [#2639](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2639) Add `unquote` to `add_route` method
+- [#2640](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2640) ASGI websockets to receive `text` or `bytes`
+
+
+### Bugfixes
+
+- [#2607](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2607) Force socket shutdown before close to allow rebinding
+- [#2590](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2590) Use actual `StrEnum` in Python 3.11+
+- [#2615](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2615) Ensure middleware executes only once per request timeout
+- [#2627](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2627) Crash ASGI application on lifespan failure
+- [#2635](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2635) Resolve error with low-level server creation on Windows
+
+
+### Deprecations and Removals
+
+- [#2608](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2608) [#2630](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2630) Signal conditions and triggers saved on `signal.extra` 
+- [#2626](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2626) Move to HTTP Inspector
+    - 🚨 *BREAKING CHANGE*: Moves the Inspector to a Sanic app from a simple TCP socket with a custom protocol
+    - *DEPRECATE*: The `--inspect*` commands have been deprecated in favor of `inspect ...` commands
+- [#2628](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2628) Replace deprecated `distutils.strtobool`
+
+
+### Developer infrastructure
+
+- [#2612](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2612) Add CI testing for Python 3.11
+

docs/sanic/releases/22/22.6.md

@@ -1,6 +1,17 @@
-## Version 22.6.0 🔶
+## Version 22.6.2
 
-_Current version_
+### Bugfixes
+
+- [#2522](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2522) Always show server location in ASGI
+
+## Version 22.6.1
+
+### Bugfixes
+
+- [#2477](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2477) Sanic static directory fails when folder name ends with ".."
+
+
+## Version 22.6.0
 
 ### Features
 - [#2378](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2378) Introduce HTTP/3 and autogeneration of TLS certificates in `DEBUG` mode

docs/sanic/releases/22/22.9.md

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+## Version 22.9.1
+
+### Features
+
+- [#2585](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2585) Improved error message when no applications have been registered
+
+
+### Bugfixes
+
+- [#2578](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2578) Add certificate loader for in process certificate creation
+- [#2591](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2591) Do not use sentinel identity for `spawn` compatibility
+- [#2592](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2592) Fix properties in nested blueprint groups
+- [#2595](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2595) Introduce sleep interval on new worker reloader
+
+
+### Deprecations and Removals
+
+
+### Developer infrastructure
+
+- [#2588](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2588) Markdown templates on issue forms
+
+
+### Improved Documentation
+
+- [#2556](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2556) v22.9 documentation
+- [#2582](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2582) Cleanup documentation on Windows support
+
+
+## Version 22.9.0
+
+### Features
+
+- [#2445](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2445) Add custom loads function 
+- [#2490](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2490) Make `WebsocketImplProtocol` async iterable
+- [#2499](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2499) Sanic Server WorkerManager refactor
+- [#2506](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2506) Use `pathlib` for path resolution (for static file serving)
+- [#2508](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2508) Use `path.parts` instead of `match` (for static file serving)
+- [#2513](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2513) Better request cancel handling
+- [#2516](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2516) Add request properties for HTTP method info:
+    - `request.is_safe`
+    - `request.is_idempotent`
+    - `request.is_cacheable`
+    - *See* [MDN docs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Methods) *for more information about when these apply*
+- [#2522](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2522) Always show server location in ASGI
+- [#2526](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2526) Cache control support for static files for returning 304 when appropriate
+- [#2533](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2533) Refactor `_static_request_handler`
+- [#2540](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2540) Add signals before and after handler execution
+    - `http.handler.before`
+    - `http.handler.after`
+- [#2542](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2542) Add *[redacted]* to CLI :)
+- [#2546](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2546) Add deprecation warning filter
+- [#2550](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2550) Middleware priority and performance enhancements
+
+### Bugfixes
+
+- [#2495](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2495) Prevent directory traversion with static files
+- [#2515](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2515) Do not apply double slash to paths in certain static dirs in Blueprints
+
+### Deprecations and Removals
+
+- [#2525](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2525) Warn on duplicate route names, will be prevented outright in v23.3
+- [#2537](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2537) Raise warning and deprecation notice on duplicate exceptions, will be prevented outright in v23.3
+
+### Developer infrastructure
+
+- [#2504](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2504) Cleanup test suite
+- [#2505](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2505) Replace Unsupported Python Version Number from the Contributing Doc
+- [#2530](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2530) Do not include tests folder in installed package resolver
+
+### Improved Documentation
+
+- [#2502](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2502) Fix a few typos
+- [#2517](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2517) [#2536](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2536) Add some type hints

pyproject.toml

@@ -22,5 +22,6 @@ module = [
     "httptools.*",
     "trustme.*",
     "sanic_routing.*",
+    "aioquic.*",
 ]
 ignore_missing_imports = true

sanic/__version__.py

@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = "22.9.1"
+__version__ = "22.12.0"

sanic/app.py

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ from functools import partial
 from inspect import isawaitable
 from os import environ
 from socket import socket
+from traceback import format_exc
 from types import SimpleNamespace
 from typing import (
     TYPE_CHECKING,
@@ -46,16 +47,21 @@ from sanic_routing.exceptions import FinalizationError, NotFound
 from sanic_routing.route import Route
 
 from sanic.application.ext import setup_ext
-from sanic.application.state import ApplicationState, Mode, ServerStage
+from sanic.application.state import ApplicationState, ServerStage
 from sanic.asgi import ASGIApp
 from sanic.base.root import BaseSanic
 from sanic.blueprint_group import BlueprintGroup
 from sanic.blueprints import Blueprint
 from sanic.compat import OS_IS_WINDOWS, enable_windows_color_support
 from sanic.config import SANIC_PREFIX, Config
-from sanic.exceptions import BadRequest, SanicException, URLBuildError
+from sanic.exceptions import (
+    BadRequest,
+    SanicException,
+    ServerError,
+    URLBuildError,
+)
 from sanic.handlers import ErrorHandler
-from sanic.helpers import _default
+from sanic.helpers import Default, _default
 from sanic.http import Stage
 from sanic.log import (
     LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS,
@@ -63,6 +69,7 @@ from sanic.log import (
     error_logger,
     logger,
 )
+from sanic.middleware import Middleware, MiddlewareLocation
 from sanic.mixins.listeners import ListenerEvent
 from sanic.mixins.startup import StartupMixin
 from sanic.models.futures import (
@@ -77,7 +84,7 @@ from sanic.models.futures import (
 from sanic.models.handler_types import ListenerType, MiddlewareType
 from sanic.models.handler_types import Sanic as SanicVar
 from sanic.request import Request
-from sanic.response import BaseHTTPResponse
+from sanic.response import BaseHTTPResponse, HTTPResponse, ResponseStream
 from sanic.router import Router
 from sanic.server.websockets.impl import ConnectionClosed
 from sanic.signals import Signal, SignalRouter
@@ -134,6 +141,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         "configure_logging",
         "ctx",
         "error_handler",
+        "inspector_class",
         "go_fast",
         "listeners",
         "multiplexer",
@@ -152,12 +160,11 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
     )
 
     _app_registry: Dict[str, "Sanic"] = {}
-    _uvloop_setting = None  # TODO: Remove in v22.6
     test_mode = False
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        name: str = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
         config: Optional[Config] = None,
         ctx: Optional[Any] = None,
         router: Optional[Router] = None,
@@ -171,6 +178,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         dumps: Optional[Callable[..., AnyStr]] = None,
         loads: Optional[Callable[..., Any]] = None,
         inspector: bool = False,
+        inspector_class: Optional[Type[Inspector]] = None,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(name=name)
         # logging
@@ -206,6 +214,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         self.configure_logging: bool = configure_logging
         self.ctx: Any = ctx or SimpleNamespace()
         self.error_handler: ErrorHandler = error_handler or ErrorHandler()
+        self.inspector_class: Type[Inspector] = inspector_class or Inspector
         self.listeners: Dict[str, List[ListenerType[Any]]] = defaultdict(list)
         self.named_request_middleware: Dict[str, Deque[MiddlewareType]] = {}
         self.named_response_middleware: Dict[str, Deque[MiddlewareType]] = {}
@@ -286,8 +295,12 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         return listener
 
     def register_middleware(
-        self, middleware: MiddlewareType, attach_to: str = "request"
+        self,
-    ) -> MiddlewareType:
+        middleware: Union[MiddlewareType, Middleware],
+        attach_to: str = "request",
+        *,
+        priority: Union[Default, int] = _default,
+    ) -> Union[MiddlewareType, Middleware]:
         """
         Register an application level middleware that will be attached
         to all the API URLs registered under this application.
@@ -303,19 +316,37 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
             **response** - Invoke before the response is returned back
         :return: decorated method
         """
-        if attach_to == "request":
+        retval = middleware
+        location = MiddlewareLocation[attach_to.upper()]
+
+        if not isinstance(middleware, Middleware):
+            middleware = Middleware(
+                middleware,
+                location=location,
+                priority=priority if isinstance(priority, int) else 0,
+            )
+        elif middleware.priority != priority and isinstance(priority, int):
+            middleware = Middleware(
+                middleware.func,
+                location=middleware.location,
+                priority=priority,
+            )
+
+        if location is MiddlewareLocation.REQUEST:
             if middleware not in self.request_middleware:
                 self.request_middleware.append(middleware)
-        if attach_to == "response":
+        if location is MiddlewareLocation.RESPONSE:
             if middleware not in self.response_middleware:
                 self.response_middleware.appendleft(middleware)
-        return middleware
+        return retval
 
     def register_named_middleware(
         self,
         middleware: MiddlewareType,
         route_names: Iterable[str],
         attach_to: str = "request",
+        *,
+        priority: Union[Default, int] = _default,
     ):
         """
         Method for attaching middleware to specific routes. This is mainly an
@@ -329,19 +360,35 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
             defaults to "request"
         :type attach_to: str, optional
         """
-        if attach_to == "request":
+        retval = middleware
+        location = MiddlewareLocation[attach_to.upper()]
+
+        if not isinstance(middleware, Middleware):
+            middleware = Middleware(
+                middleware,
+                location=location,
+                priority=priority if isinstance(priority, int) else 0,
+            )
+        elif middleware.priority != priority and isinstance(priority, int):
+            middleware = Middleware(
+                middleware.func,
+                location=middleware.location,
+                priority=priority,
+            )
+
+        if location is MiddlewareLocation.REQUEST:
             for _rn in route_names:
                 if _rn not in self.named_request_middleware:
                     self.named_request_middleware[_rn] = deque()
                 if middleware not in self.named_request_middleware[_rn]:
                     self.named_request_middleware[_rn].append(middleware)
-        if attach_to == "response":
+        if location is MiddlewareLocation.RESPONSE:
             for _rn in route_names:
                 if _rn not in self.named_response_middleware:
                     self.named_response_middleware[_rn] = deque()
                 if middleware not in self.named_response_middleware[_rn]:
                     self.named_response_middleware[_rn].appendleft(middleware)
-        return middleware
+        return retval
 
     def _apply_exception_handler(
         self,
@@ -388,8 +435,8 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
             routes = [routes]
 
         for r in routes:
-            r.ctx.websocket = websocket
+            r.extra.websocket = websocket
-            r.ctx.static = params.get("static", False)
+            r.extra.static = params.get("static", False)
             r.ctx.__dict__.update(ctx)
 
         return routes
@@ -475,17 +522,16 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
             for item in blueprint:
                 params = {**options}
                 if isinstance(blueprint, BlueprintGroup):
-                    if blueprint.url_prefix:
+                    merge_from = [
-                        merge_from = [
+                        options.get("url_prefix", ""),
-                            options.get("url_prefix", ""),
+                        blueprint.url_prefix or "",
-                            blueprint.url_prefix,
+                    ]
-                        ]
+                    if not isinstance(item, BlueprintGroup):
-                        if not isinstance(item, BlueprintGroup):
+                        merge_from.append(item.url_prefix or "")
-                            merge_from.append(item.url_prefix or "")
+                    merged_prefix = "/".join(
-                        merged_prefix = "/".join(
+                        u.strip("/") for u in merge_from if u
-                            u.strip("/") for u in merge_from
+                    ).rstrip("/")
-                        ).rstrip("/")
+                    params["url_prefix"] = f"/{merged_prefix}"
-                        params["url_prefix"] = f"/{merged_prefix}"
 
                     for _attr in ["version", "strict_slashes"]:
                         if getattr(item, _attr) is None:
@@ -583,7 +629,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
 
         uri = route.path
 
-        if getattr(route.ctx, "static", None):
+        if getattr(route.extra, "static", None):
             filename = kwargs.pop("filename", "")
             # it's static folder
             if "__file_uri__" in uri:
@@ -616,18 +662,18 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         host = kwargs.pop("_host", None)
         external = kwargs.pop("_external", False) or bool(host)
         scheme = kwargs.pop("_scheme", "")
-        if route.ctx.hosts and external:
+        if route.extra.hosts and external:
-            if not host and len(route.ctx.hosts) > 1:
+            if not host and len(route.extra.hosts) > 1:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    f"Host is ambiguous: {', '.join(route.ctx.hosts)}"
+                    f"Host is ambiguous: {', '.join(route.extra.hosts)}"
                 )
-            elif host and host not in route.ctx.hosts:
+            elif host and host not in route.extra.hosts:
                 raise ValueError(
                     f"Requested host ({host}) is not available for this "
-                    f"route: {route.ctx.hosts}"
+                    f"route: {route.extra.hosts}"
                 )
             elif not host:
-                host = list(route.ctx.hosts)[0]
+                host = list(route.extra.hosts)[0]
 
         if scheme and not external:
             raise ValueError("When specifying _scheme, _external must be True")
@@ -708,10 +754,274 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         exception: BaseException,
         run_middleware: bool = True,
     ):  # no cov
-        raise NotImplementedError
+        """
+        A handler that catches specific exceptions and outputs a response.
+
+        :param request: The current request object
+        :param exception: The exception that was raised
+        :raises ServerError: response 500
+        """
+        response = None
+        await self.dispatch(
+            "http.lifecycle.exception",
+            inline=True,
+            context={"request": request, "exception": exception},
+        )
+
+        if (
+            request.stream is not None
+            and request.stream.stage is not Stage.HANDLER
+        ):
+            error_logger.exception(exception, exc_info=True)
+            logger.error(
+                "The error response will not be sent to the client for "
+                f'the following exception:"{exception}". A previous response '
+                "has at least partially been sent."
+            )
+
+            handler = self.error_handler._lookup(
+                exception, request.name if request else None
+            )
+            if handler:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "An error occurred while handling the request after at "
+                    "least some part of the response was sent to the client. "
+                    "The response from your custom exception handler "
+                    f"{handler.__name__} will not be sent to the client."
+                    "Exception handlers should only be used to generate the "
+                    "exception responses. If you would like to perform any "
+                    "other action on a raised exception, consider using a "
+                    "signal handler like "
+                    '`@app.signal("http.lifecycle.exception")`\n'
+                    "For further information, please see the docs: "
+                    "https://sanicframework.org/en/guide/advanced/"
+                    "signals.html",
+                )
+            return
+
+        # -------------------------------------------- #
+        # Request Middleware
+        # -------------------------------------------- #
+        if run_middleware:
+            middleware = (
+                request.route and request.route.extra.request_middleware
+            ) or self.request_middleware
+            response = await self._run_request_middleware(request, middleware)
+        # No middleware results
+        if not response:
+            try:
+                response = self.error_handler.response(request, exception)
+                if isawaitable(response):
+                    response = await response
+            except Exception as e:
+                if isinstance(e, SanicException):
+                    response = self.error_handler.default(request, e)
+                elif self.debug:
+                    response = HTTPResponse(
+                        (
+                            f"Error while handling error: {e}\n"
+                            f"Stack: {format_exc()}"
+                        ),
+                        status=500,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    response = HTTPResponse(
+                        "An error occurred while handling an error", status=500
+                    )
+        if response is not None:
+            try:
+                request.reset_response()
+                response = await request.respond(response)
+            except BaseException:
+                # Skip response middleware
+                if request.stream:
+                    request.stream.respond(response)
+                await response.send(end_stream=True)
+                raise
+        else:
+            if request.stream:
+                response = request.stream.response
+
+        # Marked for cleanup and DRY with handle_request/handle_exception
+        # when ResponseStream is no longer supporder
+        if isinstance(response, BaseHTTPResponse):
+            await self.dispatch(
+                "http.lifecycle.response",
+                inline=True,
+                context={
+                    "request": request,
+                    "response": response,
+                },
+            )
+            await response.send(end_stream=True)
+        elif isinstance(response, ResponseStream):
+            resp = await response(request)
+            await self.dispatch(
+                "http.lifecycle.response",
+                inline=True,
+                context={
+                    "request": request,
+                    "response": resp,
+                },
+            )
+            await response.eof()
+        else:
+            raise ServerError(
+                f"Invalid response type {response!r} (need HTTPResponse)"
+            )
 
     async def handle_request(self, request: Request):  # no cov
-        raise NotImplementedError
+        """Take a request from the HTTP Server and return a response object
+        to be sent back The HTTP Server only expects a response object, so
+        exception handling must be done here
+
+        :param request: HTTP Request object
+        :return: Nothing
+        """
+        await self.dispatch(
+            "http.lifecycle.handle",
+            inline=True,
+            context={"request": request},
+        )
+
+        # Define `response` var here to remove warnings about
+        # allocation before assignment below.
+        response: Optional[
+            Union[
+                BaseHTTPResponse,
+                Coroutine[Any, Any, Optional[BaseHTTPResponse]],
+            ]
+        ] = None
+        run_middleware = True
+        try:
+            await self.dispatch(
+                "http.routing.before",
+                inline=True,
+                context={"request": request},
+            )
+            # Fetch handler from router
+            route, handler, kwargs = self.router.get(
+                request.path,
+                request.method,
+                request.headers.getone("host", None),
+            )
+
+            request._match_info = {**kwargs}
+            request.route = route
+
+            await self.dispatch(
+                "http.routing.after",
+                inline=True,
+                context={
+                    "request": request,
+                    "route": route,
+                    "kwargs": kwargs,
+                    "handler": handler,
+                },
+            )
+
+            if (
+                request.stream
+                and request.stream.request_body
+                and not route.extra.ignore_body
+            ):
+                if hasattr(handler, "is_stream"):
+                    # Streaming handler: lift the size limit
+                    request.stream.request_max_size = float("inf")
+                else:
+                    # Non-streaming handler: preload body
+                    await request.receive_body()
+
+            # -------------------------------------------- #
+            # Request Middleware
+            # -------------------------------------------- #
+            run_middleware = False
+            if request.route.extra.request_middleware:
+                response = await self._run_request_middleware(
+                    request, request.route.extra.request_middleware
+                )
+
+            # No middleware results
+            if not response:
+                # -------------------------------------------- #
+                # Execute Handler
+                # -------------------------------------------- #
+
+                if handler is None:
+                    raise ServerError(
+                        (
+                            "'None' was returned while requesting a "
+                            "handler from the router"
+                        )
+                    )
+
+                # Run response handler
+                await self.dispatch(
+                    "http.handler.before",
+                    inline=True,
+                    context={"request": request},
+                )
+                response = handler(request, **request.match_info)
+                if isawaitable(response):
+                    response = await response
+                await self.dispatch(
+                    "http.handler.after",
+                    inline=True,
+                    context={"request": request},
+                )
+
+            if request.responded:
+                if response is not None:
+                    error_logger.error(
+                        "The response object returned by the route handler "
+                        "will not be sent to client. The request has already "
+                        "been responded to."
+                    )
+                if request.stream is not None:
+                    response = request.stream.response
+            elif response is not None:
+                response = await request.respond(response)  # type: ignore
+            elif not hasattr(handler, "is_websocket"):
+                response = request.stream.response  # type: ignore
+
+            # Marked for cleanup and DRY with handle_request/handle_exception
+            # when ResponseStream is no longer supporder
+            if isinstance(response, BaseHTTPResponse):
+                await self.dispatch(
+                    "http.lifecycle.response",
+                    inline=True,
+                    context={
+                        "request": request,
+                        "response": response,
+                    },
+                )
+                ...
+                await response.send(end_stream=True)
+            elif isinstance(response, ResponseStream):
+                resp = await response(request)  # type: ignore
+                await self.dispatch(
+                    "http.lifecycle.response",
+                    inline=True,
+                    context={
+                        "request": request,
+                        "response": resp,
+                    },
+                )
+                await response.eof()  # type: ignore
+            else:
+                if not hasattr(handler, "is_websocket"):
+                    raise ServerError(
+                        f"Invalid response type {response!r} "
+                        "(need HTTPResponse)"
+                    )
+
+        except CancelledError:
+            raise
+        except Exception as e:
+            # Response Generation Failed
+            await self.handle_exception(
+                request, e, run_middleware=run_middleware
+            )
 
     async def _websocket_handler(
         self, handler, request, *args, subprotocols=None, **kwargs
@@ -1074,18 +1384,6 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
     def debug(self):
         return self.state.is_debug
 
-    @debug.setter
-    def debug(self, value: bool):
-        deprecation(
-            "Setting the value of a Sanic application's debug value directly "
-            "is deprecated and will be removed in v22.9. Please set it using "
-            "the CLI, app.run, app.prepare, or directly set "
-            "app.state.mode to Mode.DEBUG.",
-            22.9,
-        )
-        mode = Mode.DEBUG if value else Mode.PRODUCTION
-        self.state.mode = mode
-
     @property
     def auto_reload(self):
         return self.config.AUTO_RELOAD
@@ -1102,58 +1400,6 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         """
         return self._state
 
-    @property
-    def is_running(self):
-        deprecation(
-            "Use of the is_running property is no longer used by Sanic "
-            "internally. The property is now deprecated and will be removed "
-            "in version 22.9. You may continue to set the property for your "
-            "own needs until that time. If you would like to check whether "
-            "the application is operational, please use app.state.stage. More "
-            "information is available at ___.",
-            22.9,
-        )
-        return self.state.is_running
-
-    @is_running.setter
-    def is_running(self, value: bool):
-        deprecation(
-            "Use of the is_running property is no longer used by Sanic "
-            "internally. The property is now deprecated and will be removed "
-            "in version 22.9. You may continue to set the property for your "
-            "own needs until that time. If you would like to check whether "
-            "the application is operational, please use app.state.stage. More "
-            "information is available at ___.",
-            22.9,
-        )
-        self.state.is_running = value
-
-    @property
-    def is_stopping(self):
-        deprecation(
-            "Use of the is_stopping property is no longer used by Sanic "
-            "internally. The property is now deprecated and will be removed "
-            "in version 22.9. You may continue to set the property for your "
-            "own needs until that time. If you would like to check whether "
-            "the application is operational, please use app.state.stage. More "
-            "information is available at ___.",
-            22.9,
-        )
-        return self.state.is_stopping
-
-    @is_stopping.setter
-    def is_stopping(self, value: bool):
-        deprecation(
-            "Use of the is_stopping property is no longer used by Sanic "
-            "internally. The property is now deprecated and will be removed "
-            "in version 22.9. You may continue to set the property for your "
-            "own needs until that time. If you would like to check whether "
-            "the application is operational, please use app.state.stage. More "
-            "information is available at ___.",
-            22.9,
-        )
-        self.state.is_stopping = value
-
     @property
     def reload_dirs(self):
         return self.state.reload_dirs
@@ -1246,7 +1492,24 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
                 return cls.get_app("__mp_main__", force_create=force_create)
             if force_create:
                 return cls(name)
-            raise SanicException(f'Sanic app name "{name}" not found.')
+            raise SanicException(
+                f"Sanic app name '{name}' not found.\n"
+                "App instantiation must occur outside "
+                "if __name__ == '__main__' "
+                "block or by using an AppLoader.\nSee "
+                "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/app-loader.html"
+                " for more details."
+            )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_uvloop_conflict(cls) -> None:
+        values = {app.config.USE_UVLOOP for app in cls._app_registry.values()}
+        if len(values) > 1:
+            error_logger.warning(
+                "It looks like you're running several apps with different "
+                "uvloop settings. This is not supported and may lead to "
+                "unintended behaviour."
+            )
 
     # -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
     # Lifecycle
@@ -1278,7 +1541,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
 
         if self.state.is_debug and self.config.TOUCHUP is not True:
             self.config.TOUCHUP = False
-        elif self.config.TOUCHUP is _default:
+        elif isinstance(self.config.TOUCHUP, Default):
             self.config.TOUCHUP = True
 
         # Setup routers
@@ -1297,17 +1560,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
                 23.3,
             )
 
-        # TODO: Replace in v22.6 to check against apps in app registry
+        Sanic._check_uvloop_conflict()
-        if (
-            self.__class__._uvloop_setting is not None
-            and self.__class__._uvloop_setting != self.config.USE_UVLOOP
-        ):
-            error_logger.warning(
-                "It looks like you're running several apps with different "
-                "uvloop settings. This is not supported and may lead to "
-                "unintended behaviour."
-            )
-        self.__class__._uvloop_setting = self.config.USE_UVLOOP
 
         # Startup time optimizations
         if self.state.primary:
@@ -1318,6 +1571,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
 
         self.state.is_started = True
 
+    def ack(self):
         if hasattr(self, "multiplexer"):
             self.multiplexer.ack()
 

sanic/application/ext.py

@@ -8,11 +8,6 @@ from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from sanic import Sanic
 
-    try:
-        from sanic_ext import Extend  # type: ignore
-    except ImportError:
-        ...
-
 
 def setup_ext(app: Sanic, *, fail: bool = False, **kwargs):
     if not app.config.AUTO_EXTEND:
@@ -33,7 +28,7 @@ def setup_ext(app: Sanic, *, fail: bool = False, **kwargs):
         return
 
     if not getattr(app, "_ext", None):
-        Ext: Extend = getattr(sanic_ext, "Extend")
+        Ext = getattr(sanic_ext, "Extend")
         app._ext = Ext(app, **kwargs)
 
         return app.ext

sanic/asgi.py

@@ -7,10 +7,9 @@ from urllib.parse import quote
 
 from sanic.compat import Header
 from sanic.exceptions import ServerError
-from sanic.handlers import RequestManager
+from sanic.helpers import Default
-from sanic.helpers import _default
 from sanic.http import Stage
-from sanic.log import logger
+from sanic.log import error_logger, logger
 from sanic.models.asgi import ASGIReceive, ASGIScope, ASGISend, MockTransport
 from sanic.request import Request
 from sanic.response import BaseHTTPResponse
@@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ class Lifespan:
         await self.asgi_app.sanic_app._server_event("init", "before")
         await self.asgi_app.sanic_app._server_event("init", "after")
 
-        if self.asgi_app.sanic_app.config.USE_UVLOOP is not _default:
+        if not isinstance(self.asgi_app.sanic_app.config.USE_UVLOOP, Default):
             warnings.warn(
                 "You have set the USE_UVLOOP configuration option, but Sanic "
                 "cannot control the event loop when running in ASGI mode."
@@ -86,13 +85,27 @@ class Lifespan:
     ) -> None:
         message = await receive()
         if message["type"] == "lifespan.startup":
-            await self.startup()
+            try:
-            await send({"type": "lifespan.startup.complete"})
+                await self.startup()
+            except Exception as e:
+                error_logger.exception(e)
+                await send(
+                    {"type": "lifespan.startup.failed", "message": str(e)}
+                )
+            else:
+                await send({"type": "lifespan.startup.complete"})
 
         message = await receive()
         if message["type"] == "lifespan.shutdown":
-            await self.shutdown()
+            try:
-            await send({"type": "lifespan.shutdown.complete"})
+                await self.shutdown()
+            except Exception as e:
+                error_logger.exception(e)
+                await send(
+                    {"type": "lifespan.shutdown.failed", "message": str(e)}
+                )
+            else:
+                await send({"type": "lifespan.shutdown.complete"})
 
 
 class ASGIApp:
@@ -231,9 +244,11 @@ class ASGIApp:
         """
         Handle the incoming request.
         """
-        manager = RequestManager.create(self.request)
         try:
             self.stage = Stage.HANDLER
-            await manager.handle()
+            await self.sanic_app.handle_request(self.request)
         except Exception as e:
-            await manager.error(e)
+            try:
+                await self.sanic_app.handle_exception(self.request, e)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                await self.sanic_app.handle_exception(self.request, exc, False)

sanic/base/root.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import re
 
-from typing import Any
+from typing import Any, Optional
 
 from sanic.base.meta import SanicMeta
 from sanic.exceptions import SanicException
@@ -24,7 +24,9 @@ class BaseSanic(
 ):
     __slots__ = ("name",)
 
-    def __init__(self, name: str = None, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+    def __init__(
+        self, name: Optional[str] = None, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> None:
         class_name = self.__class__.__name__
 
         if name is None:

sanic/blueprints.py

@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ class Blueprint(BaseSanic):
 
         self.routes += [route for route in routes if isinstance(route, Route)]
         self.websocket_routes += [
-            route for route in self.routes if route.ctx.websocket
+            route for route in self.routes if route.extra.websocket
         ]
         self.middlewares += middleware
         self.exceptions += exception_handlers
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ class Blueprint(BaseSanic):
             events.add(signal.ctx.event)
 
         return asyncio.wait(
-            [event.wait() for event in events],
+            [asyncio.create_task(event.wait()) for event in events],
             return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED,
             timeout=timeout,
         )

sanic/cli/app.py

@@ -3,23 +3,21 @@ import os
 import shutil
 import sys
 
-from argparse import ArgumentParser, RawTextHelpFormatter
+from argparse import Namespace
 from functools import partial
 from textwrap import indent
-from typing import Any, List, Union
+from typing import List, Union, cast
 
 from sanic.app import Sanic
 from sanic.application.logo import get_logo
 from sanic.cli.arguments import Group
-from sanic.log import error_logger
+from sanic.cli.base import SanicArgumentParser, SanicHelpFormatter
-from sanic.worker.inspector import inspect
+from sanic.cli.inspector import make_inspector_parser
+from sanic.cli.inspector_client import InspectorClient
+from sanic.log import Colors, error_logger
 from sanic.worker.loader import AppLoader
 
 
-class SanicArgumentParser(ArgumentParser):
-    ...
-
-
 class SanicCLI:
     DESCRIPTION = indent(
         f"""
@@ -46,7 +44,7 @@ Or, a path to a directory to run as a simple HTTP server:
         self.parser = SanicArgumentParser(
             prog="sanic",
             description=self.DESCRIPTION,
-            formatter_class=lambda prog: RawTextHelpFormatter(
+            formatter_class=lambda prog: SanicHelpFormatter(
                 prog,
                 max_help_position=36 if width > 96 else 24,
                 indent_increment=4,
@@ -58,16 +56,27 @@ Or, a path to a directory to run as a simple HTTP server:
         self.main_process = (
             os.environ.get("SANIC_RELOADER_PROCESS", "") != "true"
         )
-        self.args: List[Any] = []
+        self.args: Namespace = Namespace()
         self.groups: List[Group] = []
+        self.inspecting = False
 
     def attach(self):
+        if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == "inspect":
+            self.inspecting = True
+            self.parser.description = get_logo(True)
+            make_inspector_parser(self.parser)
+            return
+
         for group in Group._registry:
             instance = group.create(self.parser)
             instance.attach()
             self.groups.append(instance)
 
     def run(self, parse_args=None):
+        if self.inspecting:
+            self._inspector()
+            return
+
         legacy_version = False
         if not parse_args:
             # This is to provide backwards compat -v to display version
@@ -86,36 +95,21 @@ Or, a path to a directory to run as a simple HTTP server:
         self.args = self.parser.parse_args(args=parse_args)
         self._precheck()
         app_loader = AppLoader(
-            self.args.module,
+            self.args.module, self.args.factory, self.args.simple, self.args
-            self.args.factory,
-            self.args.simple,
-            self.args,
         )
 
+        if self.args.inspect or self.args.inspect_raw or self.args.trigger:
+            self._inspector_legacy(app_loader)
+            return
+
         try:
             app = self._get_app(app_loader)
             kwargs = self._build_run_kwargs()
         except ValueError as e:
             error_logger.exception(f"Failed to run app: {e}")
         else:
-            if self.args.inspect or self.args.inspect_raw or self.args.trigger:
+            for http_version in self.args.http:
-                os.environ["SANIC_IGNORE_PRODUCTION_WARNING"] = "true"
+                app.prepare(**kwargs, version=http_version)
-            else:
-                for http_version in self.args.http:
-                    app.prepare(**kwargs, version=http_version)
-
-            if self.args.inspect or self.args.inspect_raw or self.args.trigger:
-                action = self.args.trigger or (
-                    "raw" if self.args.inspect_raw else "pretty"
-                )
-                inspect(
-                    app.config.INSPECTOR_HOST,
-                    app.config.INSPECTOR_PORT,
-                    action,
-                )
-                del os.environ["SANIC_IGNORE_PRODUCTION_WARNING"]
-                return
-
             if self.args.single:
                 serve = Sanic.serve_single
             elif self.args.legacy:
@@ -124,6 +118,64 @@ Or, a path to a directory to run as a simple HTTP server:
                 serve = partial(Sanic.serve, app_loader=app_loader)
             serve(app)
 
+    def _inspector_legacy(self, app_loader: AppLoader):
+        host = port = None
+        module = cast(str, self.args.module)
+        if ":" in module:
+            maybe_host, maybe_port = module.rsplit(":", 1)
+            if maybe_port.isnumeric():
+                host, port = maybe_host, int(maybe_port)
+        if not host:
+            app = self._get_app(app_loader)
+            host, port = app.config.INSPECTOR_HOST, app.config.INSPECTOR_PORT
+
+        action = self.args.trigger or "info"
+
+        InspectorClient(
+            str(host), int(port or 6457), False, self.args.inspect_raw, ""
+        ).do(action)
+        sys.stdout.write(
+            f"\n{Colors.BOLD}{Colors.YELLOW}WARNING:{Colors.END} "
+            "You are using the legacy CLI command that will be removed in "
+            f"{Colors.RED}v23.3{Colors.END}. See "
+            "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/release-notes/v22.12.html"
+            "#deprecations-and-removals or checkout the new "
+            "style commands:\n\n\t"
+            f"{Colors.YELLOW}sanic inspect --help{Colors.END}\n"
+        )
+
+    def _inspector(self):
+        args = sys.argv[2:]
+        self.args, unknown = self.parser.parse_known_args(args=args)
+        if unknown:
+            for arg in unknown:
+                if arg.startswith("--"):
+                    try:
+                        key, value = arg.split("=")
+                        key = key.lstrip("-")
+                    except ValueError:
+                        value = False if arg.startswith("--no-") else True
+                        key = (
+                            arg.replace("--no-", "")
+                            .lstrip("-")
+                            .replace("-", "_")
+                        )
+                    setattr(self.args, key, value)
+
+        kwargs = {**self.args.__dict__}
+        host = kwargs.pop("host")
+        port = kwargs.pop("port")
+        secure = kwargs.pop("secure")
+        raw = kwargs.pop("raw")
+        action = kwargs.pop("action") or "info"
+        api_key = kwargs.pop("api_key")
+        positional = kwargs.pop("positional", None)
+        if action == "<custom>" and positional:
+            action = positional[0]
+            if len(positional) > 1:
+                kwargs["args"] = positional[1:]
+        InspectorClient(host, port, secure, raw, api_key).do(action, **kwargs)
+
     def _precheck(self):
         # Custom TLS mismatch handling for better diagnostics
         if self.main_process and (

sanic/cli/base.py

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+from argparse import (
+    SUPPRESS,
+    Action,
+    ArgumentParser,
+    RawTextHelpFormatter,
+    _SubParsersAction,
+)
+from typing import Any
+
+
+class SanicArgumentParser(ArgumentParser):
+    def _check_value(self, action: Action, value: Any) -> None:
+        if isinstance(action, SanicSubParsersAction):
+            return
+        super()._check_value(action, value)
+
+
+class SanicHelpFormatter(RawTextHelpFormatter):
+    def add_usage(self, usage, actions, groups, prefix=None):
+        if not usage:
+            usage = SUPPRESS
+            # Add one linebreak, but not two
+            self.add_text("\x1b[1A")
+        super().add_usage(usage, actions, groups, prefix)
+
+
+class SanicSubParsersAction(_SubParsersAction):
+    def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
+        self._name_parser_map
+        parser_name = values[0]
+        if parser_name not in self._name_parser_map:
+            self._name_parser_map[parser_name] = parser
+            values = ["<custom>", *values]
+
+        super().__call__(parser, namespace, values, option_string)

sanic/cli/inspector.py

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+from argparse import ArgumentParser
+
+from sanic.application.logo import get_logo
+from sanic.cli.base import SanicHelpFormatter, SanicSubParsersAction
+
+
+def _add_shared(parser: ArgumentParser) -> None:
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--host",
+        "-H",
+        default="localhost",
+        help="Inspector host address [default 127.0.0.1]",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--port",
+        "-p",
+        default=6457,
+        type=int,
+        help="Inspector port [default 6457]",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--secure",
+        "-s",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Whether to access the Inspector via TLS encryption",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--api-key", "-k", help="Inspector authentication key")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--raw",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Whether to output the raw response information",
+    )
+
+
+class InspectorSubParser(ArgumentParser):
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        _add_shared(self)
+        if not self.description:
+            self.description = ""
+        self.description = get_logo(True) + self.description
+
+
+def make_inspector_parser(parser: ArgumentParser) -> None:
+    _add_shared(parser)
+    subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(
+        action=SanicSubParsersAction,
+        dest="action",
+        description=(
+            "Run one or none of the below subcommands. Using inspect without "
+            "a subcommand will fetch general information about the state "
+            "of the application instance.\n\n"
+            "Or, you can optionally follow inspect with a subcommand. "
+            "If you have created a custom "
+            "Inspector instance, then you can run custom commands. See "
+            "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/inspector.html "
+            "for more details."
+        ),
+        title="  Subcommands",
+        parser_class=InspectorSubParser,
+    )
+    reloader = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "reload",
+        help="Trigger a reload of the server workers",
+        formatter_class=SanicHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    reloader.add_argument(
+        "--zero-downtime",
+        action="store_true",
+        help=(
+            "Whether to wait for the new process to be online before "
+            "terminating the old"
+        ),
+    )
+    subparsers.add_parser(
+        "shutdown",
+        help="Shutdown the application and all processes",
+        formatter_class=SanicHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    scale = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "scale",
+        help="Scale the number of workers",
+        formatter_class=SanicHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    scale.add_argument(
+        "replicas",
+        type=int,
+        help="Number of workers requested",
+    )
+
+    custom = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "<custom>",
+        help="Run a custom command",
+        description=(
+            "keyword arguments:\n  When running a custom command, you can "
+            "add keyword arguments by appending them to your command\n\n"
+            "\tsanic inspect foo --one=1 --two=2"
+        ),
+        formatter_class=SanicHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    custom.add_argument(
+        "positional",
+        nargs="*",
+        help="Add one or more non-keyword args to your custom command",
+    )

sanic/cli/inspector_client.py

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+
+from http.client import RemoteDisconnected
+from textwrap import indent
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
+from urllib.error import URLError
+from urllib.request import Request as URequest
+from urllib.request import urlopen
+
+from sanic.application.logo import get_logo
+from sanic.application.motd import MOTDTTY
+from sanic.log import Colors
+
+
+try:  # no cov
+    from ujson import dumps, loads
+except ModuleNotFoundError:  # no cov
+    from json import dumps, loads  # type: ignore
+
+
+class InspectorClient:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        host: str,
+        port: int,
+        secure: bool,
+        raw: bool,
+        api_key: Optional[str],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.scheme = "https" if secure else "http"
+        self.host = host
+        self.port = port
+        self.raw = raw
+        self.api_key = api_key
+
+        for scheme in ("http", "https"):
+            full = f"{scheme}://"
+            if self.host.startswith(full):
+                self.scheme = scheme
+                self.host = self.host[len(full) :]  # noqa E203
+
+    def do(self, action: str, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        if action == "info":
+            self.info()
+            return
+        result = self.request(action, **kwargs).get("result")
+        if result:
+            out = (
+                dumps(result)
+                if isinstance(result, (list, dict))
+                else str(result)
+            )
+            sys.stdout.write(out + "\n")
+
+    def info(self) -> None:
+        out = sys.stdout.write
+        response = self.request("", "GET")
+        if self.raw or not response:
+            return
+        data = response["result"]
+        display = data.pop("info")
+        extra = display.pop("extra", {})
+        display["packages"] = ", ".join(display["packages"])
+        MOTDTTY(get_logo(), self.base_url, display, extra).display(
+            version=False,
+            action="Inspecting",
+            out=out,
+        )
+        for name, info in data["workers"].items():
+            info = "\n".join(
+                f"\t{key}: {Colors.BLUE}{value}{Colors.END}"
+                for key, value in info.items()
+            )
+            out(
+                "\n"
+                + indent(
+                    "\n".join(
+                        [
+                            f"{Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}{name}{Colors.END}",
+                            info,
+                        ]
+                    ),
+                    "  ",
+                )
+                + "\n"
+            )
+
+    def request(self, action: str, method: str = "POST", **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
+        url = f"{self.base_url}/{action}"
+        params: Dict[str, Any] = {"method": method, "headers": {}}
+        if kwargs:
+            params["data"] = dumps(kwargs).encode()
+            params["headers"]["content-type"] = "application/json"
+        if self.api_key:
+            params["headers"]["authorization"] = f"Bearer {self.api_key}"
+        request = URequest(url, **params)
+
+        try:
+            with urlopen(request) as response:  # nosec B310
+                raw = response.read()
+                loaded = loads(raw)
+                if self.raw:
+                    sys.stdout.write(dumps(loaded.get("result")) + "\n")
+                    return {}
+                return loaded
+        except (URLError, RemoteDisconnected) as e:
+            sys.stderr.write(
+                f"{Colors.RED}Could not connect to inspector at: "
+                f"{Colors.YELLOW}{self.base_url}{Colors.END}\n"
+                "Either the application is not running, or it did not start "
+                f"an inspector instance.\n{e}\n"
+            )
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+    @property
+    def base_url(self):
+        return f"{self.scheme}://{self.host}:{self.port}"

sanic/compat.py

@@ -3,10 +3,23 @@ import os
 import signal
 import sys
 
-from typing import Awaitable
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import Awaitable, Union
 
 from multidict import CIMultiDict  # type: ignore
 
+from sanic.helpers import Default
+
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 8):  # no cov
+    StartMethod = Union[Default, str]
+else:  # no cov
+    from typing import Literal
+
+    StartMethod = Union[
+        Default, Literal["fork"], Literal["forkserver"], Literal["spawn"]
+    ]
 
 OS_IS_WINDOWS = os.name == "nt"
 UVLOOP_INSTALLED = False
@@ -18,6 +31,40 @@ try:
 except ImportError:
     pass
 
+# Python 3.11 changed the way Enum formatting works for mixed-in types.
+if sys.version_info < (3, 11, 0):
+
+    class StrEnum(str, Enum):
+        pass
+
+else:
+    from enum import StrEnum  # type: ignore # noqa
+
+
+class UpperStrEnum(StrEnum):
+    def _generate_next_value_(name, start, count, last_values):
+        return name.upper()
+
+    def __eq__(self, value: object) -> bool:
+        value = str(value).upper()
+        return super().__eq__(value)
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self.value)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.value
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def use_context(method: StartMethod):
+    from sanic import Sanic
+
+    orig = Sanic.start_method
+    Sanic.start_method = method
+    yield
+    Sanic.start_method = orig
+
 
 def enable_windows_color_support():
     import ctypes

sanic/config.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import sys
 
+from abc import ABCMeta
 from inspect import getmembers, isclass, isdatadescriptor
 from os import environ
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ from sanic.constants import LocalCertCreator
 from sanic.errorpages import DEFAULT_FORMAT, check_error_format
 from sanic.helpers import Default, _default
 from sanic.http import Http
-from sanic.log import deprecation, error_logger
+from sanic.log import error_logger
 from sanic.utils import load_module_from_file_location, str_to_bool
 
 
@@ -46,6 +47,9 @@ DEFAULT_CONFIG = {
     "INSPECTOR": False,
     "INSPECTOR_HOST": "localhost",
     "INSPECTOR_PORT": 6457,
+    "INSPECTOR_TLS_KEY": _default,
+    "INSPECTOR_TLS_CERT": _default,
+    "INSPECTOR_API_KEY": "",
     "KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT": 5,  # 5 seconds
     "KEEP_ALIVE": True,
     "LOCAL_CERT_CREATOR": LocalCertCreator.AUTO,
@@ -71,12 +75,8 @@ DEFAULT_CONFIG = {
     "WEBSOCKET_PING_TIMEOUT": 20,
 }
 
-# These values will be removed from the Config object in v22.6 and moved
-# to the application state
-DEPRECATED_CONFIG = ("SERVER_RUNNING", "RELOADER_PROCESS", "RELOADED_FILES")
 
-
+class DescriptorMeta(ABCMeta):
-class DescriptorMeta(type):
     def __init__(cls, *_):
         cls.__setters__ = {name for name, _ in getmembers(cls, cls._is_setter)}
 
@@ -97,6 +97,9 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
     INSPECTOR: bool
     INSPECTOR_HOST: str
     INSPECTOR_PORT: int
+    INSPECTOR_TLS_KEY: Union[Path, str, Default]
+    INSPECTOR_TLS_CERT: Union[Path, str, Default]
+    INSPECTOR_API_KEY: str
     KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT: int
     KEEP_ALIVE: bool
     LOCAL_CERT_CREATOR: Union[str, LocalCertCreator]
@@ -124,7 +127,9 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        defaults: Dict[str, Union[str, bool, int, float, None]] = None,
+        defaults: Optional[
+            Dict[str, Union[str, bool, int, float, None]]
+        ] = None,
         env_prefix: Optional[str] = SANIC_PREFIX,
         keep_alive: Optional[bool] = None,
         *,
@@ -132,6 +137,7 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
     ):
         defaults = defaults or {}
         super().__init__({**DEFAULT_CONFIG, **defaults})
+        self._configure_warnings()
 
         self._converters = [str, str_to_bool, float, int]
 
@@ -149,7 +155,6 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
             self.load_environment_vars(SANIC_PREFIX)
 
         self._configure_header_size()
-        self._configure_warnings()
         self._check_error_format()
         self._init = True
 
@@ -203,7 +208,7 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
 
     @property
     def FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT(self) -> str:
-        if self._FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT is _default:
+        if isinstance(self._FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT, Default):
             return DEFAULT_FORMAT
         return self._FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT
 
@@ -211,7 +216,7 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
     def FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT(self, value):
         self._check_error_format(value)
         if (
-            self._FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT is not _default
+            not isinstance(self._FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT, Default)
             and value != self._FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT
         ):
             error_logger.warning(
@@ -241,7 +246,9 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
         """
         Looks for prefixed environment variables and applies them to the
         configuration if present. This is called automatically when Sanic
-        starts up to load environment variables into config.
+        starts up to load environment variables into config. Environment
+        variables should start with the defined prefix and should only
+        contain uppercase letters.
 
         It will automatically hydrate the following types:
 
@@ -267,12 +274,9 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
         `See user guide re: config
         <https://sanicframework.org/guide/deployment/configuration.html>`__
         """
-        lower_case_var_found = False
         for key, value in environ.items():
-            if not key.startswith(prefix):
+            if not key.startswith(prefix) or not key.isupper():
                 continue
-            if not key.isupper():
-                lower_case_var_found = True
 
             _, config_key = key.split(prefix, 1)
 
@@ -282,12 +286,6 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
                     break
                 except ValueError:
                     pass
-        if lower_case_var_found:
-            deprecation(
-                "Lowercase environment variables will not be "
-                "loaded into Sanic config beginning in v22.9.",
-                22.9,
-            )
 
     def update_config(self, config: Union[bytes, str, dict, Any]):
         """

sanic/constants.py

@@ -1,20 +1,9 @@
-from enum import Enum, auto
+from enum import auto
+
+from sanic.compat import UpperStrEnum
 
 
-class HTTPMethod(str, Enum):
+class HTTPMethod(UpperStrEnum):
-    def _generate_next_value_(name, start, count, last_values):
-        return name.upper()
-
-    def __eq__(self, value: object) -> bool:
-        value = str(value).upper()
-        return super().__eq__(value)
-
-    def __hash__(self) -> int:
-        return hash(self.value)
-
-    def __str__(self) -> str:
-        return self.value
-
     GET = auto()
     POST = auto()
     PUT = auto()
@@ -24,10 +13,7 @@ class HTTPMethod(str, Enum):
     DELETE = auto()
 
 
-class LocalCertCreator(str, Enum):
+class LocalCertCreator(UpperStrEnum):
-    def _generate_next_value_(name, start, count, last_values):
-        return name.upper()
-
     AUTO = auto()
     TRUSTME = auto()
     MKCERT = auto()

sanic/errorpages.py

@@ -448,8 +448,8 @@ def exception_response(
             # from the route
             if request.route:
                 try:
-                    if request.route.ctx.error_format:
+                    if request.route.extra.error_format:
-                        render_format = request.route.ctx.error_format
+                        render_format = request.route.extra.error_format
                 except AttributeError:
                     ...
 

sanic/exceptions.py

@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@ class RequestCancelled(CancelledError):
     quiet = True
 
 
+class ServerKilled(Exception):
+    ...
+
+
 class SanicException(Exception):
     message: str = ""
 

sanic/handlers.py

@@ -1,317 +1,16 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from functools import partial
-from inspect import isawaitable
-from traceback import format_exc
 from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Type
 
-from sanic_routing import Route
-
 from sanic.errorpages import BaseRenderer, TextRenderer, exception_response
 from sanic.exceptions import (
     HeaderNotFound,
     InvalidRangeType,
     RangeNotSatisfiable,
-    SanicException,
-    ServerError,
 )
-from sanic.http.constants import Stage
+from sanic.log import deprecation, error_logger
-from sanic.log import deprecation, error_logger, logger
 from sanic.models.handler_types import RouteHandler
-from sanic.request import Request
+from sanic.response import text
-from sanic.response import BaseHTTPResponse, HTTPResponse, ResponseStream, text
-from sanic.touchup import TouchUpMeta
-
-
-class RequestHandler:
-    def __init__(self, func, request_middleware, response_middleware):
-        self.func = func.func if isinstance(func, RequestHandler) else func
-        self.request_middleware = request_middleware
-        self.response_middleware = response_middleware
-
-    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        return self.func(*args, **kwargs)
-
-
-class RequestManager(metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
-    __touchup__ = (
-        "cleanup",
-        "run_request_middleware",
-        "run_response_middleware",
-    )
-    __slots__ = (
-        "handler",
-        "request_middleware_run",
-        "request_middleware",
-        "request",
-        "response_middleware_run",
-        "response_middleware",
-    )
-    request: Request
-
-    def __init__(self, request: Request):
-        self.request_middleware_run = False
-        self.response_middleware_run = False
-        self.handler = self._noop
-        self.set_request(request)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def create(cls, request: Request) -> RequestManager:
-        return cls(request)
-
-    def set_request(self, request: Request):
-        request._manager = self
-        self.request = request
-        self.request_middleware = request.app.request_middleware
-        self.response_middleware = request.app.response_middleware
-
-    async def handle(self):
-        route = self.resolve_route()
-
-        if self.handler is None:
-            await self.error(
-                ServerError(
-                    (
-                        "'None' was returned while requesting a "
-                        "handler from the router"
-                    )
-                )
-            )
-            return
-
-        if (
-            self.request.stream
-            and self.request.stream.request_body
-            and not route.ctx.ignore_body
-        ):
-            await self.receive_body()
-
-        await self.lifecycle(
-            partial(self.handler, self.request, **self.request.match_info)
-        )
-
-    async def lifecycle(self, handler, raise_exception: bool = False):
-        response: Optional[BaseHTTPResponse] = None
-        if not self.request_middleware_run and self.request_middleware:
-            response = await self.run(
-                self.run_request_middleware, raise_exception
-            )
-
-        if not response:
-            # Run response handler
-            response = await self.run(handler, raise_exception)
-
-        if not self.response_middleware_run and self.response_middleware:
-            response = await self.run(
-                partial(self.run_response_middleware, response),
-                raise_exception,
-            )
-
-        await self.cleanup(response)
-
-    async def run(
-        self, operation, raise_exception: bool = False
-    ) -> Optional[BaseHTTPResponse]:
-        try:
-            response = operation()
-            if isawaitable(response):
-                response = await response
-        except Exception as e:
-            if raise_exception:
-                raise
-            response = await self.error(e)
-        return response
-
-    async def error(self, exception: Exception):
-        error_handler = self.request.app.error_handler
-        if (
-            self.request.stream is not None
-            and self.request.stream.stage is not Stage.HANDLER
-        ):
-            error_logger.exception(exception, exc_info=True)
-            logger.error(
-                "The error response will not be sent to the client for "
-                f'the following exception:"{exception}". A previous response '
-                "has at least partially been sent."
-            )
-
-            handler = error_handler._lookup(
-                exception, self.request.name if self.request else None
-            )
-            if handler:
-                logger.warning(
-                    "An error occurred while handling the request after at "
-                    "least some part of the response was sent to the client. "
-                    "The response from your custom exception handler "
-                    f"{handler.__name__} will not be sent to the client."
-                    "Exception handlers should only be used to generate the "
-                    "exception responses. If you would like to perform any "
-                    "other action on a raised exception, consider using a "
-                    "signal handler like "
-                    '`@app.signal("http.lifecycle.exception")`\n'
-                    "For further information, please see the docs: "
-                    "https://sanicframework.org/en/guide/advanced/"
-                    "signals.html",
-                )
-            return
-
-        try:
-            await self.lifecycle(
-                partial(error_handler.response, self.request, exception), True
-            )
-        except Exception as e:
-            if isinstance(e, SanicException):
-                response = error_handler.default(self.request, e)
-            elif self.request.app.debug:
-                response = HTTPResponse(
-                    (
-                        f"Error while handling error: {e}\n"
-                        f"Stack: {format_exc()}"
-                    ),
-                    status=500,
-                )
-            else:
-                error_logger.exception(e)
-                response = HTTPResponse(
-                    "An error occurred while handling an error", status=500
-                )
-            return response
-        return None
-
-    async def cleanup(self, response: Optional[BaseHTTPResponse]):
-        if self.request.responded:
-            if response is not None:
-                error_logger.error(
-                    "The response object returned by the route handler "
-                    "will not be sent to client. The request has already "
-                    "been responded to."
-                )
-            if self.request.stream is not None:
-                response = self.request.stream.response
-        elif response is not None:
-            self.request.reset_response()
-            response = await self.request.respond(response)  # type: ignore
-        elif not hasattr(self.handler, "is_websocket"):
-            response = self.request.stream.response  # type: ignore
-
-        if isinstance(response, BaseHTTPResponse):
-            await self.request.app.dispatch(
-                "http.lifecycle.response",
-                inline=True,
-                context={"request": self.request, "response": response},
-            )
-            await response.send(end_stream=True)
-        elif isinstance(response, ResponseStream):
-            await response(self.request)  # type: ignore
-            await response.eof()  # type: ignore
-            await self.request.app.dispatch(
-                "http.lifecycle.response",
-                inline=True,
-                context={"request": self.request, "response": response},
-            )
-        else:
-            if not hasattr(self.handler, "is_websocket"):
-                raise ServerError(
-                    f"Invalid response type {response!r} "
-                    "(need HTTPResponse)"
-                )
-
-    async def receive_body(self):
-        if hasattr(self.handler, "is_stream"):
-            # Streaming handler: lift the size limit
-            self.request.stream.request_max_size = float("inf")
-        else:
-            # Non-streaming handler: preload body
-            await self.request.receive_body()
-
-    async def run_request_middleware(self) -> Optional[BaseHTTPResponse]:
-        self.request._request_middleware_started = True
-        self.request_middleware_run = True
-
-        for middleware in self.request_middleware:
-            await self.request.app.dispatch(
-                "http.middleware.before",
-                inline=True,
-                context={"request": self.request, "response": None},
-                condition={"attach_to": "request"},
-            )
-
-            try:
-                response = await self.run(partial(middleware, self.request))
-            except Exception:
-                error_logger.exception(
-                    "Exception occurred in one of request middleware handlers"
-                )
-                raise
-
-            await self.request.app.dispatch(
-                "http.middleware.after",
-                inline=True,
-                context={"request": self.request, "response": None},
-                condition={"attach_to": "request"},
-            )
-
-            if response:
-                return response
-        return None
-
-    async def run_response_middleware(
-        self, response: BaseHTTPResponse
-    ) -> BaseHTTPResponse:
-        self.response_middleware_run = True
-        for middleware in self.response_middleware:
-            await self.request.app.dispatch(
-                "http.middleware.before",
-                inline=True,
-                context={"request": self.request, "response": None},
-                condition={"attach_to": "request"},
-            )
-
-            try:
-                resp = await self.run(
-                    partial(middleware, self.request, response), True
-                )
-            except Exception as e:
-                error_logger.exception(
-                    "Exception occurred in one of response middleware handlers"
-                )
-                await self.error(e)
-                resp = None
-
-            await self.request.app.dispatch(
-                "http.middleware.after",
-                inline=True,
-                context={"request": self.request, "response": None},
-                condition={"attach_to": "request"},
-            )
-
-            if resp:
-                return resp
-        return response
-
-    def resolve_route(self) -> Route:
-        # Fetch handler from router
-        route, handler, kwargs = self.request.app.router.get(
-            self.request.path,
-            self.request.method,
-            self.request.headers.getone("host", None),
-        )
-
-        self.request._match_info = {**kwargs}
-        self.request.route = route
-        self.handler = handler
-
-        if handler and handler.request_middleware:
-            self.request_middleware = handler.request_middleware
-
-        if handler and handler.response_middleware:
-            self.response_middleware = handler.response_middleware
-
-        return route
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _noop(_):
-        ...
 
 
 class ErrorHandler:
@@ -337,14 +36,6 @@ class ErrorHandler:
         self.debug = False
         self.base = base
 
-    @classmethod
-    def finalize(cls, *args, **kwargs):
-        deprecation(
-            "ErrorHandler.finalize is deprecated and no longer needed. "
-            "Please remove update your code to remove it. ",
-            22.12,
-        )
-
     def _full_lookup(self, exception, route_name: Optional[str] = None):
         return self.lookup(exception, route_name)
 

sanic/http/http1.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ from sanic.exceptions import (
     PayloadTooLarge,
     RequestCancelled,
     ServerError,
+    ServiceUnavailable,
 )
 from sanic.headers import format_http1_response
 from sanic.helpers import has_message_body
@@ -70,7 +71,6 @@ class Http(Stream, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         "request_body",
         "request_bytes",
         "request_bytes_left",
-        "request_max_size",
         "response",
         "response_func",
         "response_size",
@@ -124,8 +124,7 @@ class Http(Stream, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
 
                 self.stage = Stage.HANDLER
                 self.request.conn_info = self.protocol.conn_info
-
+                await self.protocol.request_handler(self.request)
-                await self.request.manager.handle()
 
                 # Handler finished, response should've been sent
                 if self.stage is Stage.HANDLER and not self.upgrade_websocket:
@@ -251,7 +250,6 @@ class Http(Stream, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
             transport=self.protocol.transport,
             app=self.protocol.app,
         )
-        self.protocol.request_handler.create(request)
         self.protocol.request_class._current.set(request)
         await self.dispatch(
             "http.lifecycle.request",
@@ -425,11 +423,18 @@ class Http(Stream, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
 
         # From request and handler states we can respond, otherwise be silent
         if self.stage is Stage.HANDLER:
+            app = self.protocol.app
+
             if self.request is None:
                 self.create_empty_request()
-                self.protocol.request_handler.create(self.request)
 
-            await self.request.manager.error(exception)
+            request_middleware = not isinstance(exception, ServiceUnavailable)
+            try:
+                await app.handle_exception(
+                    self.request, exception, request_middleware
+                )
+            except Exception as e:
+                await app.handle_exception(self.request, e, False)
 
     def create_empty_request(self) -> None:
         """

sanic/http/stream.py

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class Stream:
     request_max_size: Union[int, float]
 
     __touchup__: Tuple[str, ...] = tuple()
-    __slots__ = ()
+    __slots__ = ("request_max_size",)
 
     def respond(
         self, response: BaseHTTPResponse

sanic/http/tls/context.py

@@ -24,13 +24,15 @@ def create_context(
     certfile: Optional[str] = None,
     keyfile: Optional[str] = None,
     password: Optional[str] = None,
+    purpose: ssl.Purpose = ssl.Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH,
 ) -> ssl.SSLContext:
     """Create a context with secure crypto and HTTP/1.1 in protocols."""
-    context = ssl.create_default_context(purpose=ssl.Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH)
+    context = ssl.create_default_context(purpose=purpose)
     context.minimum_version = ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1_2
     context.set_ciphers(":".join(CIPHERS_TLS12))
     context.set_alpn_protocols(["http/1.1"])
-    context.sni_callback = server_name_callback
+    if purpose is ssl.Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH:
+        context.sni_callback = server_name_callback
     if certfile and keyfile:
         context.load_cert_chain(certfile, keyfile, password)
     return context

sanic/http/tls/creators.py

@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@ def get_ssl_context(
             "without passing a TLS certificate. If you are developing "
             "locally, please enable DEVELOPMENT mode and Sanic will "
             "generate a localhost TLS certificate. For more information "
-            "please see: ___."
+            "please see: https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/development."
+            "html#automatic-tls-certificate."
         )
 
     creator = CertCreator.select(
@@ -125,7 +126,6 @@ class CertCreator(ABC):
         local_tls_key,
         local_tls_cert,
     ) -> CertCreator:
-
         creator: Optional[CertCreator] = None
 
         cert_creator_options: Tuple[
@@ -151,7 +151,8 @@ class CertCreator(ABC):
             raise SanicException(
                 "Sanic could not find package to create a TLS certificate. "
                 "You must have either mkcert or trustme installed. See "
-                "_____ for more details."
+                "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/development.html"
+                "#automatic-tls-certificate for more details."
             )
 
         return creator
@@ -203,7 +204,8 @@ class MkcertCreator(CertCreator):
                 "to proceed. Installation instructions can be found here: "
                 "https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert.\n"
                 "Find out more information about your options here: "
-                "_____"
+                "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/development.html#"
+                "automatic-tls-certificate"
             ) from e
 
     def generate_cert(self, localhost: str) -> ssl.SSLContext:
@@ -260,7 +262,8 @@ class TrustmeCreator(CertCreator):
                 "to proceed. Installation instructions can be found here: "
                 "https://github.com/python-trio/trustme.\n"
                 "Find out more information about your options here: "
-                "_____"
+                "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/development.html#"
+                "automatic-tls-certificate"
             )
 
     def generate_cert(self, localhost: str) -> ssl.SSLContext:

sanic/log.py

@@ -2,12 +2,23 @@ import logging
 import sys
 
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import Any, Dict
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict
 from warnings import warn
 
 from sanic.compat import is_atty
 
 
+# Python 3.11 changed the way Enum formatting works for mixed-in types.
+if sys.version_info < (3, 11, 0):
+
+    class StrEnum(str, Enum):
+        pass
+
+else:
+    if not TYPE_CHECKING:
+        from enum import StrEnum
+
+
 LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS: Dict[str, Any] = dict(  # no cov
     version=1,
     disable_existing_loggers=False,
@@ -25,6 +36,12 @@ LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS: Dict[str, Any] = dict(  # no cov
             "propagate": True,
             "qualname": "sanic.access",
         },
+        "sanic.server": {
+            "level": "INFO",
+            "handlers": ["console"],
+            "propagate": True,
+            "qualname": "sanic.server",
+        },
     },
     handlers={
         "console": {
@@ -62,7 +79,7 @@ Defult logging configuration
 """
 
 
-class Colors(str, Enum):  # no cov
+class Colors(StrEnum):  # no cov
     END = "\033[0m"
     BOLD = "\033[1m"
     BLUE = "\033[34m"
@@ -101,6 +118,12 @@ Logger used by Sanic for access logging
 """
 access_logger.addFilter(_verbosity_filter)
 
+server_logger = logging.getLogger("sanic.server")  # no cov
+"""
+Logger used by Sanic for server related messages
+"""
+logger.addFilter(_verbosity_filter)
+
 
 def deprecation(message: str, version: float):  # no cov
     version_info = f"[DEPRECATION v{version}] "

sanic/middleware.py

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class Middleware:
     def __init__(
         self,
         func: MiddlewareType,
-        location: MiddlewareLocation = MiddlewareLocation.REQUEST,
+        location: MiddlewareLocation,
         priority: int = 0,
     ) -> None:
         self.func = func
@@ -32,11 +32,13 @@ class Middleware:
     def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         return self.func(*args, **kwargs)
 
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self.func)
+
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        name = getattr(self.func, "__name__", str(self.func))
         return (
             f"{self.__class__.__name__}("
-            f"func=<function {name}>, "
+            f"func=<function {self.func.__name__}>, "
             f"priority={self.priority}, "
             f"location={self.location.name})"
         )
@@ -64,3 +66,4 @@ class Middleware:
     @classmethod
     def reset_count(cls):
         cls._counter = count()
+        cls.count = next(cls._counter)

sanic/mixins/middleware.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from operator import attrgetter
 from typing import List
 
 from sanic.base.meta import SanicMeta
-from sanic.handlers import RequestHandler
 from sanic.middleware import Middleware, MiddlewareLocation
 from sanic.models.futures import FutureMiddleware
 from sanic.router import Router
@@ -105,23 +104,19 @@ class MiddlewareMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
                 self.named_response_middleware.get(route.name, deque()),
                 location=MiddlewareLocation.RESPONSE,
             )
-
+            route.extra.request_middleware = deque(
-            route.handler = RequestHandler(
+                sorted(
-                route.handler,
+                    request_middleware,
-                deque(
+                    key=attrgetter("order"),
-                    sorted(
+                    reverse=True,
-                        request_middleware,
+                )
-                        key=attrgetter("order"),
+            )
-                        reverse=True,
+            route.extra.response_middleware = deque(
-                    )
+                sorted(
-                ),
+                    response_middleware,
-                deque(
+                    key=attrgetter("order"),
-                    sorted(
+                    reverse=True,
-                        response_middleware,
+                )[::-1]
-                        key=attrgetter("order"),
-                        reverse=True,
-                    )[::-1]
-                ),
             )
         request_middleware = Middleware.convert(
             self.request_middleware,

sanic/mixins/routes.py

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 from ast import NodeVisitor, Return, parse
 from contextlib import suppress
+from email.utils import formatdate
 from functools import partial, wraps
 from inspect import getsource, signature
 from mimetypes import guess_type
 from os import path
 from pathlib import Path, PurePath
 from textwrap import dedent
-from time import gmtime, strftime
 from typing import (
     Any,
     Callable,
+    Dict,
     Iterable,
     List,
     Optional,
@@ -31,21 +32,13 @@ from sanic.handlers import ContentRangeHandler
 from sanic.log import error_logger
 from sanic.models.futures import FutureRoute, FutureStatic
 from sanic.models.handler_types import RouteHandler
-from sanic.response import HTTPResponse, file, file_stream
+from sanic.response import HTTPResponse, file, file_stream, validate_file
 from sanic.types import HashableDict
 
 
 RouteWrapper = Callable[
     [RouteHandler], Union[RouteHandler, Tuple[Route, RouteHandler]]
 ]
-RESTRICTED_ROUTE_CONTEXT = (
-    "ignore_body",
-    "stream",
-    "hosts",
-    "static",
-    "error_format",
-    "websocket",
-)
 
 
 class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
@@ -225,6 +218,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         stream: bool = False,
         version_prefix: str = "/v",
         error_format: Optional[str] = None,
+        unquote: bool = False,
         **ctx_kwargs: Any,
     ) -> RouteHandler:
         """A helper method to register class instance or
@@ -271,6 +265,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             name=name,
             version_prefix=version_prefix,
             error_format=error_format,
+            unquote=unquote,
             **ctx_kwargs,
         )(handler)
         return handler
@@ -790,24 +785,9 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
 
         return name
 
-    async def _static_request_handler(
+    async def _get_file_path(self, file_or_directory, __file_uri__, not_found):
-        self,
-        file_or_directory,
-        use_modified_since,
-        use_content_range,
-        stream_large_files,
-        request,
-        content_type=None,
-        __file_uri__=None,
-    ):
-        # Merge served directory and requested file if provided
         file_path_raw = Path(unquote(file_or_directory))
         root_path = file_path = file_path_raw.resolve()
-        not_found = FileNotFound(
-            "File not found",
-            path=file_or_directory,
-            relative_url=__file_uri__,
-        )
 
         if __file_uri__:
             # Strip all / that in the beginning of the URL to help prevent
@@ -834,6 +814,29 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
                     f"relative_url={__file_uri__}"
                 )
                 raise not_found
+        return file_path
+
+    async def _static_request_handler(
+        self,
+        file_or_directory,
+        use_modified_since,
+        use_content_range,
+        stream_large_files,
+        request,
+        content_type=None,
+        __file_uri__=None,
+    ):
+        not_found = FileNotFound(
+            "File not found",
+            path=file_or_directory,
+            relative_url=__file_uri__,
+        )
+
+        # Merge served directory and requested file if provided
+        file_path = await self._get_file_path(
+            file_or_directory, __file_uri__, not_found
+        )
+
         try:
             headers = {}
             # Check if the client has been sent this file before
@@ -841,15 +844,13 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             stats = None
             if use_modified_since:
                 stats = await stat_async(file_path)
-                modified_since = strftime(
+                modified_since = stats.st_mtime
-                    "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT", gmtime(stats.st_mtime)
+                response = await validate_file(request.headers, modified_since)
+                if response:
+                    return response
+                headers["Last-Modified"] = formatdate(
+                    modified_since, usegmt=True
                 )
-                if (
-                    request.headers.getone("if-modified-since", None)
-                    == modified_since
-                ):
-                    return HTTPResponse(status=304)
-                headers["Last-Modified"] = modified_since
             _range = None
             if use_content_range:
                 _range = None
@@ -864,8 +865,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
                         pass
                     else:
                         del headers["Content-Length"]
-                        for key, value in _range.headers.items():
+                        headers.update(_range.headers)
-                            headers[key] = value
 
             if "content-type" not in headers:
                 content_type = (
@@ -1041,24 +1041,12 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
 
         return types
 
-    def _build_route_context(self, raw):
+    def _build_route_context(self, raw: Dict[str, Any]) -> HashableDict:
         ctx_kwargs = {
             key.replace("ctx_", ""): raw.pop(key)
             for key in {**raw}.keys()
             if key.startswith("ctx_")
         }
-        restricted = [
-            key for key in ctx_kwargs.keys() if key in RESTRICTED_ROUTE_CONTEXT
-        ]
-        if restricted:
-            restricted_arguments = ", ".join(restricted)
-            raise AttributeError(
-                "Cannot use restricted route context: "
-                f"{restricted_arguments}. This limitation is only in place "
-                "until v22.9 when the restricted names will no longer be in"
-                "conflict. See https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/issues/2303 "
-                "for more information."
-            )
         if raw:
             unexpected_arguments = ", ".join(raw.keys())
             raise TypeError(

sanic/mixins/signals.py

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class SignalMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         event: Union[str, Enum],
         *,
         apply: bool = True,
-        condition: Dict[str, Any] = None,
+        condition: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
         exclusive: bool = True,
     ) -> Callable[[SignalHandler], SignalHandler]:
         """
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class SignalMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         self,
         handler: Optional[Callable[..., Any]],
         event: str,
-        condition: Dict[str, Any] = None,
+        condition: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
         exclusive: bool = True,
     ):
         if not handler:

sanic/mixins/startup.py

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ from importlib import import_module
 from multiprocessing import Manager, Pipe, get_context
 from multiprocessing.context import BaseContext
 from pathlib import Path
-from socket import socket
+from socket import SHUT_RDWR, socket
 from ssl import SSLContext
 from typing import (
     TYPE_CHECKING,
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ from typing import (
     Callable,
     Dict,
     List,
+    Mapping,
     Optional,
     Set,
     Tuple,
@@ -35,12 +36,14 @@ from typing import (
     cast,
 )
 
+from sanic.application.ext import setup_ext
 from sanic.application.logo import get_logo
 from sanic.application.motd import MOTD
 from sanic.application.state import ApplicationServerInfo, Mode, ServerStage
 from sanic.base.meta import SanicMeta
-from sanic.compat import OS_IS_WINDOWS, is_atty
+from sanic.compat import OS_IS_WINDOWS, StartMethod, is_atty
-from sanic.helpers import _default
+from sanic.exceptions import ServerKilled
+from sanic.helpers import Default, _default
 from sanic.http.constants import HTTP
 from sanic.http.tls import get_ssl_context, process_to_context
 from sanic.http.tls.context import SanicSSLContext
@@ -56,7 +59,6 @@ from sanic.server.protocols.http_protocol import HttpProtocol
 from sanic.server.protocols.websocket_protocol import WebSocketProtocol
 from sanic.server.runners import serve, serve_multiple, serve_single
 from sanic.server.socket import configure_socket, remove_unix_socket
-from sanic.worker.inspector import Inspector
 from sanic.worker.loader import AppLoader
 from sanic.worker.manager import WorkerManager
 from sanic.worker.multiplexer import WorkerMultiplexer
@@ -86,11 +88,13 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
     state: ApplicationState
     websocket_enabled: bool
     multiplexer: WorkerMultiplexer
+    start_method: StartMethod = _default
 
     def setup_loop(self):
         if not self.asgi:
             if self.config.USE_UVLOOP is True or (
-                self.config.USE_UVLOOP is _default and not OS_IS_WINDOWS
+                isinstance(self.config.USE_UVLOOP, Default)
+                and not OS_IS_WINDOWS
             ):
                 try_use_uvloop()
             elif OS_IS_WINDOWS:
@@ -122,7 +126,7 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         register_sys_signals: bool = True,
         access_log: Optional[bool] = None,
         unix: Optional[str] = None,
-        loop: AbstractEventLoop = None,
+        loop: Optional[AbstractEventLoop] = None,
         reload_dir: Optional[Union[List[str], str]] = None,
         noisy_exceptions: Optional[bool] = None,
         motd: bool = True,
@@ -221,7 +225,7 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         register_sys_signals: bool = True,
         access_log: Optional[bool] = None,
         unix: Optional[str] = None,
-        loop: AbstractEventLoop = None,
+        loop: Optional[AbstractEventLoop] = None,
         reload_dir: Optional[Union[List[str], str]] = None,
         noisy_exceptions: Optional[bool] = None,
         motd: bool = True,
@@ -351,12 +355,12 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         debug: bool = False,
         ssl: Union[None, SSLContext, dict, str, list, tuple] = None,
         sock: Optional[socket] = None,
-        protocol: Type[Protocol] = None,
+        protocol: Optional[Type[Protocol]] = None,
         backlog: int = 100,
         access_log: Optional[bool] = None,
         unix: Optional[str] = None,
         return_asyncio_server: bool = False,
-        asyncio_server_kwargs: Dict[str, Any] = None,
+        asyncio_server_kwargs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
         noisy_exceptions: Optional[bool] = None,
     ) -> Optional[AsyncioServer]:
         """
@@ -430,7 +434,7 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             run_async=return_asyncio_server,
         )
 
-        if self.config.USE_UVLOOP is not _default:
+        if not isinstance(self.config.USE_UVLOOP, Default):
             error_logger.warning(
                 "You are trying to change the uvloop configuration, but "
                 "this is only effective when using the run(...) method. "
@@ -477,7 +481,7 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         sock: Optional[socket] = None,
         unix: Optional[str] = None,
         workers: int = 1,
-        loop: AbstractEventLoop = None,
+        loop: Optional[AbstractEventLoop] = None,
         protocol: Type[Protocol] = HttpProtocol,
         backlog: int = 100,
         register_sys_signals: bool = True,
@@ -558,7 +562,6 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
 
     def motd(
         self,
-        serve_location: str = "",
         server_settings: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
     ):
         if (
@@ -568,14 +571,7 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             or os.environ.get("SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING")
         ):
             return
-        if serve_location:
+        serve_location = self.get_server_location(server_settings)
-            deprecation(
-                "Specifying a serve_location in the MOTD is deprecated and "
-                "will be removed.",
-                22.9,
-            )
-        else:
-            serve_location = self.get_server_location(server_settings)
         if self.config.MOTD:
             logo = get_logo(coffee=self.state.coffee)
             display, extra = self.get_motd_data(server_settings)
@@ -697,12 +693,17 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         return any(app.state.auto_reload for app in cls._app_registry.values())
 
     @classmethod
-    def _get_context(cls) -> BaseContext:
+    def _get_startup_method(cls) -> str:
-        method = (
+        return (
-            "spawn"
+            cls.start_method
-            if "linux" not in sys.platform or cls.should_auto_reload()
+            if not isinstance(cls.start_method, Default)
-            else "fork"
+            else "spawn"
         )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_context(cls) -> BaseContext:
+        method = cls._get_startup_method()
+        logger.debug("Creating multiprocessing context using '%s'", method)
         return get_context(method)
 
     @classmethod
@@ -740,15 +741,18 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         except IndexError:
             raise RuntimeError(
                 f"No server information found for {primary.name}. Perhaps you "
-                "need to run app.prepare(...)?\n"
+                "need to run app.prepare(...)?"
-                "See ____ for more information."
             ) from None
 
         socks = []
         sync_manager = Manager()
+        setup_ext(primary)
+        exit_code = 0
         try:
-            main_start = primary_server_info.settings.pop("main_start", None)
+            primary_server_info.settings.pop("main_start", None)
-            main_stop = primary_server_info.settings.pop("main_stop", None)
+            primary_server_info.settings.pop("main_stop", None)
+            main_start = primary.listeners.get("main_process_start")
+            main_stop = primary.listeners.get("main_process_stop")
             app = primary_server_info.settings.pop("app")
             app.setup_loop()
             loop = new_event_loop()
@@ -765,7 +769,7 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             ]
             primary_server_info.settings["run_multiple"] = True
             monitor_sub, monitor_pub = Pipe(True)
-            worker_state: Dict[str, Any] = sync_manager.dict()
+            worker_state: Mapping[str, Any] = sync_manager.dict()
             kwargs: Dict[str, Any] = {
                 **primary_server_info.settings,
                 "monitor_publisher": monitor_pub,
@@ -821,7 +825,7 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
                 reload_dirs: Set[Path] = primary.state.reload_dirs.union(
                     *(app.state.reload_dirs for app in apps)
                 )
-                reloader = Reloader(monitor_pub, 1.0, reload_dirs, app_loader)
+                reloader = Reloader(monitor_pub, 0, reload_dirs, app_loader)
                 manager.manage("Reloader", reloader, {}, transient=False)
 
             inspector = None
@@ -837,12 +841,15 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
                     "packages": [sanic_version, *packages],
                     "extra": extra,
                 }
-                inspector = Inspector(
+                inspector = primary.inspector_class(
                     monitor_pub,
                     app_info,
                     worker_state,
                     primary.config.INSPECTOR_HOST,
                     primary.config.INSPECTOR_PORT,
+                    primary.config.INSPECTOR_API_KEY,
+                    primary.config.INSPECTOR_TLS_KEY,
+                    primary.config.INSPECTOR_TLS_CERT,
                 )
                 manager.manage("Inspector", inspector, {}, transient=False)
 
@@ -853,6 +860,8 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             trigger_events(ready, loop, primary)
 
             manager.run()
+        except ServerKilled:
+            exit_code = 1
         except BaseException:
             kwargs = primary_server_info.settings
             error_logger.exception(
@@ -868,6 +877,7 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
 
             sync_manager.shutdown()
             for sock in socks:
+                sock.shutdown(SHUT_RDWR)
                 sock.close()
             socks = []
             trigger_events(main_stop, loop, primary)
@@ -877,6 +887,8 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             unix = kwargs.get("unix")
             if unix:
                 remove_unix_socket(unix)
+        if exit_code:
+            os._exit(exit_code)
 
     @classmethod
     def serve_single(cls, primary: Optional[Sanic] = None) -> None:
@@ -1097,7 +1109,6 @@ class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         app: StartupMixin,
         server_info: ApplicationServerInfo,
     ) -> None:  # no cov
-
         try:
             # We should never get to this point without a server
             # This is primarily to keep mypy happy

sanic/request.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from contextvars import ContextVar
-from functools import partial
 from inspect import isawaitable
 from typing import (
     TYPE_CHECKING,
@@ -24,11 +23,11 @@ from sanic.models.http_types import Credentials
 
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from sanic.handlers import RequestManager
     from sanic.server import ConnInfo
     from sanic.app import Sanic
 
 import email.utils
+import unicodedata
 import uuid
 
 from collections import defaultdict
@@ -39,7 +38,7 @@ from urllib.parse import parse_qs, parse_qsl, unquote, urlunparse
 from httptools import parse_url
 from httptools.parser.errors import HttpParserInvalidURLError
 
-from sanic.compat import Header
+from sanic.compat import CancelledErrors, Header
 from sanic.constants import (
     CACHEABLE_HTTP_METHODS,
     DEFAULT_HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE,
@@ -101,12 +100,12 @@ class Request:
         "_cookies",
         "_id",
         "_ip",
-        "_manager",
         "_parsed_url",
         "_port",
         "_protocol",
         "_remote_addr",
         "_request_middleware_started",
+        "_response_middleware_started",
         "_scheme",
         "_socket",
         "_stream_id",
@@ -147,7 +146,6 @@ class Request:
         head: bytes = b"",
         stream_id: int = 0,
     ):
-
         self.raw_url = url_bytes
         try:
             self._parsed_url = parse_url(url_bytes)
@@ -182,10 +180,10 @@ class Request:
             Tuple[bool, bool, str, str], List[Tuple[str, str]]
         ] = defaultdict(list)
         self._request_middleware_started = False
+        self._response_middleware_started = False
         self.responded: bool = False
         self.route: Optional[Route] = None
         self.stream: Optional[Stream] = None
-        self._manager: Optional[RequestManager] = None
         self._cookies: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
         self._match_info: Dict[str, Any] = {}
         self._protocol = None
@@ -229,7 +227,7 @@ class Request:
             "Request.request_middleware_started has been deprecated and will"
             "be removed. You should set a flag on the request context using"
             "either middleware or signals if you need this feature.",
-            22.3,
+            23.3,
         )
         return self._request_middleware_started
 
@@ -247,10 +245,6 @@ class Request:
             )
         return self._stream_id
 
-    @property
-    def manager(self):
-        return self._manager
-
     def reset_response(self):
         try:
             if (
@@ -341,13 +335,20 @@ class Request:
             if isawaitable(response):
                 response = await response  # type: ignore
         # Run response middleware
-        if (
+        try:
-            self._manager
+            middleware = (
-            and not self._manager.response_middleware_run
+                self.route and self.route.extra.response_middleware
-            and self._manager.response_middleware
+            ) or self.app.response_middleware
-        ):
+            if middleware and not self._response_middleware_started:
-            response = await self._manager.run(
+                self._response_middleware_started = True
-                partial(self._manager.run_response_middleware, response)
+                response = await self.app._run_response_middleware(
+                    self, response, middleware
+                )
+        except CancelledErrors:
+            raise
+        except Exception:
+            error_logger.exception(
+                "Exception occurred in one of response middleware handlers"
             )
         self.responded = True
         return response
@@ -1083,6 +1084,16 @@ def parse_multipart_form(body, boundary):
                         form_parameters["filename*"]
                     )
                     file_name = unquote(value, encoding=encoding)
+
+                # Normalize to NFC (Apple MacOS/iOS send NFD)
+                # Notes:
+                # - No effect for Windows, Linux or Android clients which
+                #   already send NFC
+                # - Python open() is tricky (creates files in NFC no matter
+                #   which form you use)
+                if file_name is not None:
+                    file_name = unicodedata.normalize("NFC", file_name)
+
             elif form_header_field == "content-type":
                 content_type = form_header_value
                 content_charset = form_parameters.get("charset", "utf-8")

sanic/response/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+from .convenience import (
+    empty,
+    file,
+    file_stream,
+    html,
+    json,
+    raw,
+    redirect,
+    text,
+    validate_file,
+)
+from .types import (
+    BaseHTTPResponse,
+    HTTPResponse,
+    JSONResponse,
+    ResponseStream,
+    json_dumps,
+)
+
+
+__all__ = (
+    "BaseHTTPResponse",
+    "HTTPResponse",
+    "JSONResponse",
+    "ResponseStream",
+    "empty",
+    "json",
+    "text",
+    "raw",
+    "html",
+    "validate_file",
+    "file",
+    "redirect",
+    "file_stream",
+    "json_dumps",
+)

sanic/response/convenience.py

@@ -2,212 +2,20 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from email.utils import formatdate, parsedate_to_datetime
-from functools import partial
 from mimetypes import guess_type
 from os import path
 from pathlib import PurePath
 from time import time
-from typing import (
+from typing import Any, AnyStr, Callable, Dict, Optional, Union
-    TYPE_CHECKING,
-    Any,
-    AnyStr,
-    Callable,
-    Coroutine,
-    Dict,
-    Iterator,
-    Optional,
-    Tuple,
-    TypeVar,
-    Union,
-)
 from urllib.parse import quote_plus
 
 from sanic.compat import Header, open_async, stat_async
 from sanic.constants import DEFAULT_HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE
-from sanic.cookies import CookieJar
+from sanic.helpers import Default, _default
-from sanic.exceptions import SanicException, ServerError
-from sanic.helpers import (
-    Default,
-    _default,
-    has_message_body,
-    remove_entity_headers,
-)
-from sanic.http import Http
 from sanic.log import logger
 from sanic.models.protocol_types import HTMLProtocol, Range
 
-
+from .types import HTTPResponse, JSONResponse, ResponseStream
-if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from sanic.asgi import ASGIApp
-    from sanic.http.http3 import HTTPReceiver
-    from sanic.request import Request
-else:
-    Request = TypeVar("Request")
-
-
-try:
-    from ujson import dumps as json_dumps
-except ImportError:
-    # This is done in order to ensure that the JSON response is
-    # kept consistent across both ujson and inbuilt json usage.
-    from json import dumps
-
-    json_dumps = partial(dumps, separators=(",", ":"))
-
-
-class BaseHTTPResponse:
-    """
-    The base class for all HTTP Responses
-    """
-
-    __slots__ = (
-        "asgi",
-        "body",
-        "content_type",
-        "stream",
-        "status",
-        "headers",
-        "_cookies",
-    )
-
-    _dumps = json_dumps
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.asgi: bool = False
-        self.body: Optional[bytes] = None
-        self.content_type: Optional[str] = None
-        self.stream: Optional[Union[Http, ASGIApp, HTTPReceiver]] = None
-        self.status: int = None
-        self.headers = Header({})
-        self._cookies: Optional[CookieJar] = None
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        class_name = self.__class__.__name__
-        return f"<{class_name}: {self.status} {self.content_type}>"
-
-    def _encode_body(self, data: Optional[AnyStr]):
-        if data is None:
-            return b""
-        return (
-            data.encode() if hasattr(data, "encode") else data  # type: ignore
-        )
-
-    @property
-    def cookies(self) -> CookieJar:
-        """
-        The response cookies. Cookies should be set and written as follows:
-
-        .. code-block:: python
-
-                response.cookies["test"] = "It worked!"
-                response.cookies["test"]["domain"] = ".yummy-yummy-cookie.com"
-                response.cookies["test"]["httponly"] = True
-
-        `See user guide re: cookies
-        <https://sanicframework.org/guide/basics/cookies.html>`__
-
-        :return: the cookie jar
-        :rtype: CookieJar
-        """
-        if self._cookies is None:
-            self._cookies = CookieJar(self.headers)
-        return self._cookies
-
-    @property
-    def processed_headers(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[bytes, bytes]]:
-        """
-        Obtain a list of header tuples encoded in bytes for sending.
-
-        Add and remove headers based on status and content_type.
-
-        :return: response headers
-        :rtype: Tuple[Tuple[bytes, bytes], ...]
-        """
-        # TODO: Make a blacklist set of header names and then filter with that
-        if self.status in (304, 412):  # Not Modified, Precondition Failed
-            self.headers = remove_entity_headers(self.headers)
-        if has_message_body(self.status):
-            self.headers.setdefault("content-type", self.content_type)
-        # Encode headers into bytes
-        return (
-            (name.encode("ascii"), f"{value}".encode(errors="surrogateescape"))
-            for name, value in self.headers.items()
-        )
-
-    async def send(
-        self,
-        data: Optional[AnyStr] = None,
-        end_stream: Optional[bool] = None,
-    ) -> None:
-        """
-        Send any pending response headers and the given data as body.
-
-        :param data: str or bytes to be written
-        :param end_stream: whether to close the stream after this block
-        """
-        if data is None and end_stream is None:
-            end_stream = True
-        if self.stream is None:
-            raise SanicException(
-                "No stream is connected to the response object instance."
-            )
-        if self.stream.send is None:
-            if end_stream and not data:
-                return
-            raise ServerError(
-                "Response stream was ended, no more response data is "
-                "allowed to be sent."
-            )
-        data = (
-            data.encode()  # type: ignore
-            if hasattr(data, "encode")
-            else data or b""
-        )
-        await self.stream.send(
-            data,  # type: ignore
-            end_stream=end_stream or False,
-        )
-
-
-class HTTPResponse(BaseHTTPResponse):
-    """
-    HTTP response to be sent back to the client.
-
-    :param body: the body content to be returned
-    :type body: Optional[bytes]
-    :param status: HTTP response number. **Default=200**
-    :type status: int
-    :param headers: headers to be returned
-    :type headers: Optional;
-    :param content_type: content type to be returned (as a header)
-    :type content_type: Optional[str]
-    """
-
-    __slots__ = ()
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        body: Optional[AnyStr] = None,
-        status: int = 200,
-        headers: Optional[Union[Header, Dict[str, str]]] = None,
-        content_type: Optional[str] = None,
-    ):
-        super().__init__()
-
-        self.content_type: Optional[str] = content_type
-        self.body = self._encode_body(body)
-        self.status = status
-        self.headers = Header(headers or {})
-        self._cookies = None
-
-    async def eof(self):
-        await self.send("", True)
-
-    async def __aenter__(self):
-        return self.send
-
-    async def __aexit__(self, *_):
-        await self.eof()
 
 
 def empty(
@@ -229,7 +37,7 @@ def json(
     content_type: str = "application/json",
     dumps: Optional[Callable[..., str]] = None,
     **kwargs: Any,
-) -> HTTPResponse:
+) -> JSONResponse:
     """
     Returns response object with body in json format.
 
@@ -238,13 +46,14 @@ def json(
     :param headers: Custom Headers.
     :param kwargs: Remaining arguments that are passed to the json encoder.
     """
-    if not dumps:
+
-        dumps = BaseHTTPResponse._dumps
+    return JSONResponse(
-    return HTTPResponse(
+        body,
-        dumps(body, **kwargs),
-        headers=headers,
         status=status,
+        headers=headers,
         content_type=content_type,
+        dumps=dumps,
+        **kwargs,
     )
 
 
@@ -465,80 +274,6 @@ def redirect(
     )
 
 
-class ResponseStream:
-    """
-    ResponseStream is a compat layer to bridge the gap after the deprecation
-    of StreamingHTTPResponse. It will be removed when:
-    - file_stream is moved to new style streaming
-    - file and file_stream are combined into a single API
-    """
-
-    __slots__ = (
-        "_cookies",
-        "content_type",
-        "headers",
-        "request",
-        "response",
-        "status",
-        "streaming_fn",
-    )
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        streaming_fn: Callable[
-            [Union[BaseHTTPResponse, ResponseStream]],
-            Coroutine[Any, Any, None],
-        ],
-        status: int = 200,
-        headers: Optional[Union[Header, Dict[str, str]]] = None,
-        content_type: Optional[str] = None,
-    ):
-        self.streaming_fn = streaming_fn
-        self.status = status
-        self.headers = headers or Header()
-        self.content_type = content_type
-        self.request: Optional[Request] = None
-        self._cookies: Optional[CookieJar] = None
-
-    async def write(self, message: str):
-        await self.response.send(message)
-
-    async def stream(self) -> HTTPResponse:
-        if not self.request:
-            raise ServerError("Attempted response to unknown request")
-        self.response = await self.request.respond(
-            headers=self.headers,
-            status=self.status,
-            content_type=self.content_type,
-        )
-        await self.streaming_fn(self)
-        return self.response
-
-    async def eof(self) -> None:
-        await self.response.eof()
-
-    @property
-    def cookies(self) -> CookieJar:
-        if self._cookies is None:
-            self._cookies = CookieJar(self.headers)
-        return self._cookies
-
-    @property
-    def processed_headers(self):
-        return self.response.processed_headers
-
-    @property
-    def body(self):
-        return self.response.body
-
-    def __call__(self, request: Request) -> ResponseStream:
-        self.request = request
-        return self
-
-    def __await__(self):
-        return self.stream().__await__()
-
-
 async def file_stream(
     location: Union[str, PurePath],
     status: int = 200,

sanic/response/types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,453 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from functools import partial
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    AnyStr,
+    Callable,
+    Coroutine,
+    Dict,
+    Iterator,
+    Optional,
+    Tuple,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from sanic.compat import Header
+from sanic.cookies import CookieJar
+from sanic.exceptions import SanicException, ServerError
+from sanic.helpers import (
+    Default,
+    _default,
+    has_message_body,
+    remove_entity_headers,
+)
+from sanic.http import Http
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from sanic.asgi import ASGIApp
+    from sanic.http.http3 import HTTPReceiver
+    from sanic.request import Request
+else:
+    Request = TypeVar("Request")
+
+
+try:
+    from ujson import dumps as json_dumps
+except ImportError:
+    # This is done in order to ensure that the JSON response is
+    # kept consistent across both ujson and inbuilt json usage.
+    from json import dumps
+
+    json_dumps = partial(dumps, separators=(",", ":"))
+
+
+class BaseHTTPResponse:
+    """
+    The base class for all HTTP Responses
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "asgi",
+        "body",
+        "content_type",
+        "stream",
+        "status",
+        "headers",
+        "_cookies",
+    )
+
+    _dumps = json_dumps
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.asgi: bool = False
+        self.body: Optional[bytes] = None
+        self.content_type: Optional[str] = None
+        self.stream: Optional[Union[Http, ASGIApp, HTTPReceiver]] = None
+        self.status: int = None
+        self.headers = Header({})
+        self._cookies: Optional[CookieJar] = None
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        class_name = self.__class__.__name__
+        return f"<{class_name}: {self.status} {self.content_type}>"
+
+    def _encode_body(self, data: Optional[AnyStr]):
+        if data is None:
+            return b""
+        return (
+            data.encode() if hasattr(data, "encode") else data  # type: ignore
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def cookies(self) -> CookieJar:
+        """
+        The response cookies. Cookies should be set and written as follows:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+                response.cookies["test"] = "It worked!"
+                response.cookies["test"]["domain"] = ".yummy-yummy-cookie.com"
+                response.cookies["test"]["httponly"] = True
+
+        `See user guide re: cookies
+        <https://sanic.dev/en/guide/basics/cookies.html>`
+
+        :return: the cookie jar
+        :rtype: CookieJar
+        """
+        if self._cookies is None:
+            self._cookies = CookieJar(self.headers)
+        return self._cookies
+
+    @property
+    def processed_headers(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[bytes, bytes]]:
+        """
+        Obtain a list of header tuples encoded in bytes for sending.
+
+        Add and remove headers based on status and content_type.
+
+        :return: response headers
+        :rtype: Tuple[Tuple[bytes, bytes], ...]
+        """
+        # TODO: Make a blacklist set of header names and then filter with that
+        if self.status in (304, 412):  # Not Modified, Precondition Failed
+            self.headers = remove_entity_headers(self.headers)
+        if has_message_body(self.status):
+            self.headers.setdefault("content-type", self.content_type)
+        # Encode headers into bytes
+        return (
+            (name.encode("ascii"), f"{value}".encode(errors="surrogateescape"))
+            for name, value in self.headers.items()
+        )
+
+    async def send(
+        self,
+        data: Optional[AnyStr] = None,
+        end_stream: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Send any pending response headers and the given data as body.
+
+        :param data: str or bytes to be written
+        :param end_stream: whether to close the stream after this block
+        """
+        if data is None and end_stream is None:
+            end_stream = True
+        if self.stream is None:
+            raise SanicException(
+                "No stream is connected to the response object instance."
+            )
+        if self.stream.send is None:
+            if end_stream and not data:
+                return
+            raise ServerError(
+                "Response stream was ended, no more response data is "
+                "allowed to be sent."
+            )
+        data = (
+            data.encode()  # type: ignore
+            if hasattr(data, "encode")
+            else data or b""
+        )
+        await self.stream.send(
+            data,  # type: ignore
+            end_stream=end_stream or False,
+        )
+
+
+class HTTPResponse(BaseHTTPResponse):
+    """
+    HTTP response to be sent back to the client.
+
+    :param body: the body content to be returned
+    :type body: Optional[bytes]
+    :param status: HTTP response number. **Default=200**
+    :type status: int
+    :param headers: headers to be returned
+    :type headers: Optional;
+    :param content_type: content type to be returned (as a header)
+    :type content_type: Optional[str]
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        body: Optional[Any] = None,
+        status: int = 200,
+        headers: Optional[Union[Header, Dict[str, str]]] = None,
+        content_type: Optional[str] = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.content_type: Optional[str] = content_type
+        self.body = self._encode_body(body)
+        self.status = status
+        self.headers = Header(headers or {})
+        self._cookies = None
+
+    async def eof(self):
+        await self.send("", True)
+
+    async def __aenter__(self):
+        return self.send
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, *_):
+        await self.eof()
+
+
+class JSONResponse(HTTPResponse):
+    """
+    HTTP response to be sent back to the client, when the response
+    is of json type. Offers several utilities to manipulate common
+    json data types.
+
+    :param body: the body content to be returned
+    :type body: Optional[Any]
+    :param status: HTTP response number. **Default=200**
+    :type status: int
+    :param headers: headers to be returned
+    :type headers: Optional
+    :param content_type: content type to be returned (as a header)
+    :type content_type: Optional[str]
+    :param dumps: json.dumps function to use
+    :type dumps: Optional[Callable]
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "_body",
+        "_body_manually_set",
+        "_initialized",
+        "_raw_body",
+        "_use_dumps",
+        "_use_dumps_kwargs",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        body: Optional[Any] = None,
+        status: int = 200,
+        headers: Optional[Union[Header, Dict[str, str]]] = None,
+        content_type: str = "application/json",
+        dumps: Optional[Callable[..., str]] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ):
+        self._initialized = False
+        self._body_manually_set = False
+
+        self._use_dumps = dumps or BaseHTTPResponse._dumps
+        self._use_dumps_kwargs = kwargs
+
+        self._raw_body = body
+
+        super().__init__(
+            self._encode_body(self._use_dumps(body, **self._use_dumps_kwargs)),
+            headers=headers,
+            status=status,
+            content_type=content_type,
+        )
+
+        self._initialized = True
+
+    def _check_body_not_manually_set(self):
+        if self._body_manually_set:
+            raise SanicException(
+                "Cannot use raw_body after body has been manually set."
+            )
+
+    @property
+    def raw_body(self) -> Optional[Any]:
+        """Returns the raw body, as long as body has not been manually
+        set previously.
+
+        NOTE: This object should not be mutated, as it will not be
+        reflected in the response body. If you need to mutate the
+        response body, consider using one of the provided methods in
+        this class or alternatively call set_body() with the mutated
+        object afterwards or set the raw_body property to it.
+        """
+
+        self._check_body_not_manually_set()
+        return self._raw_body
+
+    @raw_body.setter
+    def raw_body(self, value: Any):
+        self._body_manually_set = False
+        self._body = self._encode_body(
+            self._use_dumps(value, **self._use_dumps_kwargs)
+        )
+        self._raw_body = value
+
+    @property  # type: ignore
+    def body(self) -> Optional[bytes]:  # type: ignore
+        return self._body
+
+    @body.setter
+    def body(self, value: Optional[bytes]):
+        self._body = value
+        if not self._initialized:
+            return
+        self._body_manually_set = True
+
+    def set_body(
+        self,
+        body: Any,
+        dumps: Optional[Callable[..., str]] = None,
+        **dumps_kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Sets a new response body using the given dumps function
+        and kwargs, or falling back to the defaults given when
+        creating the object if none are specified.
+        """
+
+        self._body_manually_set = False
+        self._raw_body = body
+
+        use_dumps = dumps or self._use_dumps
+        use_dumps_kwargs = dumps_kwargs if dumps else self._use_dumps_kwargs
+
+        self._body = self._encode_body(use_dumps(body, **use_dumps_kwargs))
+
+    def append(self, value: Any) -> None:
+        """Appends a value to the response raw_body, ensuring that
+        body is kept up to date. This can only be used if raw_body
+        is a list.
+        """
+
+        self._check_body_not_manually_set()
+
+        if not isinstance(self._raw_body, list):
+            raise SanicException("Cannot append to a non-list object.")
+
+        self._raw_body.append(value)
+        self.raw_body = self._raw_body
+
+    def extend(self, value: Any) -> None:
+        """Extends the response's raw_body with the given values, ensuring
+        that body is kept up to date. This can only be used if raw_body is
+        a list.
+        """
+
+        self._check_body_not_manually_set()
+
+        if not isinstance(self._raw_body, list):
+            raise SanicException("Cannot extend a non-list object.")
+
+        self._raw_body.extend(value)
+        self.raw_body = self._raw_body
+
+    def update(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
+        """Updates the response's raw_body with the given values, ensuring
+        that body is kept up to date. This can only be used if raw_body is
+        a dict.
+        """
+
+        self._check_body_not_manually_set()
+
+        if not isinstance(self._raw_body, dict):
+            raise SanicException("Cannot update a non-dict object.")
+
+        self._raw_body.update(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.raw_body = self._raw_body
+
+    def pop(self, key: Any, default: Any = _default) -> Any:
+        """Pops a key from the response's raw_body, ensuring that body is
+        kept up to date. This can only be used if raw_body is a dict or a
+        list.
+        """
+
+        self._check_body_not_manually_set()
+
+        if not isinstance(self._raw_body, (list, dict)):
+            raise SanicException(
+                "Cannot pop from a non-list and non-dict object."
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(default, Default):
+            value = self._raw_body.pop(key)
+        elif isinstance(self._raw_body, list):
+            raise TypeError("pop doesn't accept a default argument for lists")
+        else:
+            value = self._raw_body.pop(key, default)
+
+        self.raw_body = self._raw_body
+
+        return value
+
+
+class ResponseStream:
+    """
+    ResponseStream is a compat layer to bridge the gap after the deprecation
+    of StreamingHTTPResponse. It will be removed when:
+    - file_stream is moved to new style streaming
+    - file and file_stream are combined into a single API
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "_cookies",
+        "content_type",
+        "headers",
+        "request",
+        "response",
+        "status",
+        "streaming_fn",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        streaming_fn: Callable[
+            [Union[BaseHTTPResponse, ResponseStream]],
+            Coroutine[Any, Any, None],
+        ],
+        status: int = 200,
+        headers: Optional[Union[Header, Dict[str, str]]] = None,
+        content_type: Optional[str] = None,
+    ):
+        self.streaming_fn = streaming_fn
+        self.status = status
+        self.headers = headers or Header()
+        self.content_type = content_type
+        self.request: Optional[Request] = None
+        self._cookies: Optional[CookieJar] = None
+
+    async def write(self, message: str):
+        await self.response.send(message)
+
+    async def stream(self) -> HTTPResponse:
+        if not self.request:
+            raise ServerError("Attempted response to unknown request")
+        self.response = await self.request.respond(
+            headers=self.headers,
+            status=self.status,
+            content_type=self.content_type,
+        )
+        await self.streaming_fn(self)
+        return self.response
+
+    async def eof(self) -> None:
+        await self.response.eof()
+
+    @property
+    def cookies(self) -> CookieJar:
+        if self._cookies is None:
+            self._cookies = CookieJar(self.headers)
+        return self._cookies
+
+    @property
+    def processed_headers(self):
+        return self.response.processed_headers
+
+    @property
+    def body(self):
+        return self.response.body
+
+    def __call__(self, request: Request) -> ResponseStream:
+        self.request = request
+        return self
+
+    def __await__(self):
+        return self.stream().__await__()

sanic/router.py

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ from sanic_routing.route import Route
 from sanic.constants import HTTP_METHODS
 from sanic.errorpages import check_error_format
 from sanic.exceptions import MethodNotAllowed, NotFound, SanicException
-from sanic.handlers import RequestHandler
 from sanic.models.handler_types import RouteHandler
 
 
@@ -32,11 +31,9 @@ class Router(BaseRouter):
 
     def _get(
         self, path: str, method: str, host: Optional[str]
-    ) -> Tuple[Route, RequestHandler, Dict[str, Any]]:
+    ) -> Tuple[Route, RouteHandler, Dict[str, Any]]:
         try:
-            # We know this will always be RequestHandler, so we can ignore
+            return self.resolve(
-            # typing issue here
-            return self.resolve(  # type: ignore
                 path=path,
                 method=method,
                 extra={"host": host} if host else None,
@@ -53,7 +50,7 @@ class Router(BaseRouter):
     @lru_cache(maxsize=ROUTER_CACHE_SIZE)
     def get(  # type: ignore
         self, path: str, method: str, host: Optional[str]
-    ) -> Tuple[Route, RequestHandler, Dict[str, Any]]:
+    ) -> Tuple[Route, RouteHandler, Dict[str, Any]]:
         """
         Retrieve a `Route` object containing the details about how to handle
         a response for a given request
@@ -62,7 +59,7 @@ class Router(BaseRouter):
         :type request: Request
         :return: details needed for handling the request and returning the
             correct response
-        :rtype: Tuple[ Route, RequestHandler, Dict[str, Any]]
+        :rtype: Tuple[ Route, RouteHandler, Dict[str, Any]]
         """
         return self._get(path, method, host)
 
@@ -117,7 +114,7 @@ class Router(BaseRouter):
 
         params = dict(
             path=uri,
-            handler=RequestHandler(handler, [], []),
+            handler=handler,
             methods=frozenset(map(str, methods)) if methods else None,
             name=name,
             strict=strict_slashes,
@@ -136,14 +133,14 @@ class Router(BaseRouter):
                 params.update({"requirements": {"host": host}})
 
             route = super().add(**params)  # type: ignore
-            route.ctx.ignore_body = ignore_body
+            route.extra.ignore_body = ignore_body
-            route.ctx.stream = stream
+            route.extra.stream = stream
-            route.ctx.hosts = hosts
+            route.extra.hosts = hosts
-            route.ctx.static = static
+            route.extra.static = static
-            route.ctx.error_format = error_format
+            route.extra.error_format = error_format
 
             if error_format:
-                check_error_format(route.ctx.error_format)
+                check_error_format(route.extra.error_format)
 
             routes.append(route)
 

sanic/server/legacy.py

@@ -94,7 +94,6 @@ def watchdog(sleep_interval, reload_dirs):
 
     try:
         while True:
-
             changed = set()
             for filename in itertools.chain(
                 _iter_module_files(),

sanic/server/loop.py

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import asyncio
 import sys
 
-from distutils.util import strtobool
 from os import getenv
 
 from sanic.compat import OS_IS_WINDOWS
 from sanic.log import error_logger
+from sanic.utils import str_to_bool
 
 
 def try_use_uvloop() -> None:
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def try_use_uvloop() -> None:
         )
         return
 
-    uvloop_install_removed = strtobool(getenv("SANIC_NO_UVLOOP", "no"))
+    uvloop_install_removed = str_to_bool(getenv("SANIC_NO_UVLOOP", "no"))
     if uvloop_install_removed:
         error_logger.info(
             "You are requesting to run Sanic using uvloop, but the "

sanic/server/protocols/http_protocol.py

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional
 
-from sanic.handlers import RequestManager
 from sanic.http.constants import HTTP
 from sanic.http.http3 import Http3
 from sanic.touchup.meta import TouchUpMeta
@@ -58,7 +57,7 @@ class HttpProtocolMixin:
     def _setup(self):
         self.request: Optional[Request] = None
         self.access_log = self.app.config.ACCESS_LOG
-        self.request_handler = RequestManager
+        self.request_handler = self.app.handle_request
         self.error_handler = self.app.error_handler
         self.request_timeout = self.app.config.REQUEST_TIMEOUT
         self.response_timeout = self.app.config.RESPONSE_TIMEOUT

sanic/server/protocols/websocket_protocol.py

@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional, Sequence, cast
 
-from websockets.connection import CLOSED, CLOSING, OPEN
+
-from websockets.server import ServerConnection
+try:  # websockets < 11.0
+    from websockets.connection import State
+    from websockets.server import ServerConnection as ServerProtocol
+except ImportError:  # websockets >= 11.0
+    from websockets.protocol import State  # type: ignore
+    from websockets.server import ServerProtocol  # type: ignore
+
 from websockets.typing import Subprotocol
 
 from sanic.exceptions import ServerError
@@ -15,6 +21,11 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from websockets import http11
 
 
+OPEN = State.OPEN
+CLOSING = State.CLOSING
+CLOSED = State.CLOSED
+
+
 class WebSocketProtocol(HttpProtocol):
     __slots__ = (
         "websocket",
@@ -74,7 +85,7 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(HttpProtocol):
         # Called by Sanic Server when shutting down
         # If we've upgraded to websocket, shut it down
         if self.websocket is not None:
-            if self.websocket.connection.state in (CLOSING, CLOSED):
+            if self.websocket.ws_proto.state in (CLOSING, CLOSED):
                 return True
             elif self.websocket.loop is not None:
                 self.websocket.loop.create_task(self.websocket.close(1001))
@@ -90,7 +101,7 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(HttpProtocol):
         try:
             if subprotocols is not None:
                 # subprotocols can be a set or frozenset,
-                # but ServerConnection needs a list
+                # but ServerProtocol needs a list
                 subprotocols = cast(
                     Optional[Sequence[Subprotocol]],
                     list(
@@ -100,13 +111,13 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(HttpProtocol):
                         ]
                     ),
                 )
-            ws_conn = ServerConnection(
+            ws_proto = ServerProtocol(
                 max_size=self.websocket_max_size,
                 subprotocols=subprotocols,
                 state=OPEN,
                 logger=logger,
             )
-            resp: "http11.Response" = ws_conn.accept(request)
+            resp: "http11.Response" = ws_proto.accept(request)
         except Exception:
             msg = (
                 "Failed to open a WebSocket connection.\n"
@@ -129,7 +140,7 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(HttpProtocol):
         else:
             raise ServerError(resp.body, resp.status_code)
         self.websocket = WebsocketImplProtocol(
-            ws_conn,
+            ws_proto,
             ping_interval=self.websocket_ping_interval,
             ping_timeout=self.websocket_ping_timeout,
             close_timeout=self.websocket_timeout,

sanic/server/runners.py

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ from signal import signal as signal_func
 from sanic.application.ext import setup_ext
 from sanic.compat import OS_IS_WINDOWS, ctrlc_workaround_for_windows
 from sanic.http.http3 import SessionTicketStore, get_config
-from sanic.log import error_logger, logger
+from sanic.log import error_logger, server_logger
 from sanic.models.server_types import Signal
 from sanic.server.async_server import AsyncioServer
 from sanic.server.protocols.http_protocol import Http3Protocol, HttpProtocol
@@ -149,12 +149,12 @@ def _setup_system_signals(
 def _run_server_forever(loop, before_stop, after_stop, cleanup, unix):
     pid = os.getpid()
     try:
-        logger.info("Starting worker [%s]", pid)
+        server_logger.info("Starting worker [%s]", pid)
         loop.run_forever()
     except KeyboardInterrupt:
         pass
     finally:
-        logger.info("Stopping worker [%s]", pid)
+        server_logger.info("Stopping worker [%s]", pid)
 
         loop.run_until_complete(before_stop())
 
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ def _serve_http_1(
     asyncio_server_kwargs = (
         asyncio_server_kwargs if asyncio_server_kwargs else {}
     )
-    if OS_IS_WINDOWS:
+    if OS_IS_WINDOWS and sock:
         pid = os.getpid()
         sock = sock.share(pid)
         sock = socket.fromshare(sock)
@@ -229,6 +229,7 @@ def _serve_http_1(
 
     loop.run_until_complete(app._startup())
     loop.run_until_complete(app._server_event("init", "before"))
+    app.ack()
 
     try:
         http_server = loop.run_until_complete(server_coroutine)
@@ -306,6 +307,7 @@ def _serve_http_3(
     server = AsyncioServer(app, loop, coro, [])
     loop.run_until_complete(server.startup())
     loop.run_until_complete(server.before_start())
+    app.ack()
     loop.run_until_complete(server)
     _setup_system_signals(app, run_multiple, register_sys_signals, loop)
     loop.run_until_complete(server.after_start())
@@ -372,7 +374,9 @@ def serve_multiple(server_settings, workers):
     processes = []
 
     def sig_handler(signal, frame):
-        logger.info("Received signal %s. Shutting down.", Signals(signal).name)
+        server_logger.info(
+            "Received signal %s. Shutting down.", Signals(signal).name
+        )
         for process in processes:
             os.kill(process.pid, SIGTERM)
 

sanic/server/socket.py

@@ -113,13 +113,16 @@ def configure_socket(
                 backlog=backlog,
             )
         except OSError as e:  # no cov
-            raise ServerError(
+            error = ServerError(
-                f"Sanic server could not start: {e}.\n"
+                f"Sanic server could not start: {e}.\n\n"
                 "This may have happened if you are running Sanic in the "
                 "global scope and not inside of a "
-                '`if __name__ == "__main__"` block. See more information: '
+                '`if __name__ == "__main__"` block.\n\nSee more information: '
-                "____."
+                "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/manager.html#"
-            ) from e
+                "how-sanic-server-starts-processes\n"
+            )
+            error.quiet = True
+            raise error
         sock.set_inheritable(True)
         server_settings["sock"] = sock
         server_settings["host"] = None

sanic/server/websockets/connection.py

@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@ from typing import (
     Union,
 )
 
+from sanic.exceptions import InvalidUsage
 
-ASIMessage = MutableMapping[str, Any]
+
+ASGIMessage = MutableMapping[str, Any]
 
 
 class WebSocketConnection:
@@ -25,8 +27,8 @@ class WebSocketConnection:
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        send: Callable[[ASIMessage], Awaitable[None]],
+        send: Callable[[ASGIMessage], Awaitable[None]],
-        receive: Callable[[], Awaitable[ASIMessage]],
+        receive: Callable[[], Awaitable[ASGIMessage]],
         subprotocols: Optional[List[str]] = None,
     ) -> None:
         self._send = send
@@ -47,7 +49,13 @@ class WebSocketConnection:
         message = await self._receive()
 
         if message["type"] == "websocket.receive":
-            return message["text"]
+            try:
+                return message["text"]
+            except KeyError:
+                try:
+                    return message["bytes"].decode()
+                except KeyError:
+                    raise InvalidUsage("Bad ASGI message received")
         elif message["type"] == "websocket.disconnect":
             pass
 

sanic/server/websockets/frame.py

@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ class WebsocketFrameAssembler:
         paused: bool
 
     def __init__(self, protocol) -> None:
-
         self.protocol = protocol
 
         self.read_mutex = asyncio.Lock()

sanic/server/websockets/impl.py

@@ -12,21 +12,37 @@ from typing import (
     Union,
 )
 
-from websockets.connection import CLOSED, CLOSING, OPEN, Event
+from websockets.exceptions import (
-from websockets.exceptions import ConnectionClosed, ConnectionClosedError
+    ConnectionClosed,
+    ConnectionClosedError,
+    ConnectionClosedOK,
+)
 from websockets.frames import Frame, Opcode
-from websockets.server import ServerConnection
+
+
+try:  # websockets < 11.0
+    from websockets.connection import Event, State
+    from websockets.server import ServerConnection as ServerProtocol
+except ImportError:  # websockets >= 11.0
+    from websockets.protocol import Event, State  # type: ignore
+    from websockets.server import ServerProtocol  # type: ignore
+
 from websockets.typing import Data
 
-from sanic.log import error_logger, logger
+from sanic.log import deprecation, error_logger, logger
 from sanic.server.protocols.base_protocol import SanicProtocol
 
 from ...exceptions import ServerError, WebsocketClosed
 from .frame import WebsocketFrameAssembler
 
 
+OPEN = State.OPEN
+CLOSING = State.CLOSING
+CLOSED = State.CLOSED
+
+
 class WebsocketImplProtocol:
-    connection: ServerConnection
+    ws_proto: ServerProtocol
     io_proto: Optional[SanicProtocol]
     loop: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop]
     max_queue: int
@@ -52,14 +68,14 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        connection,
+        ws_proto,
         max_queue=None,
         ping_interval: Optional[float] = 20,
         ping_timeout: Optional[float] = 20,
         close_timeout: float = 10,
         loop=None,
     ):
-        self.connection = connection
+        self.ws_proto = ws_proto
         self.io_proto = None
         self.loop = None
         self.max_queue = max_queue
@@ -81,7 +97,16 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
 
     @property
     def subprotocol(self):
-        return self.connection.subprotocol
+        return self.ws_proto.subprotocol
+
+    @property
+    def connection(self):
+        deprecation(
+            "The connection property has been deprecated and will be removed. "
+            "Please use the ws_proto property instead going forward.",
+            22.6,
+        )
+        return self.ws_proto
 
     def pause_frames(self):
         if not self.can_pause:
@@ -295,15 +320,15 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
             # Not draining the write buffer is acceptable in this context.
 
             # clear the send buffer
-            _ = self.connection.data_to_send()
+            _ = self.ws_proto.data_to_send()
             # If we're not already CLOSED or CLOSING, then send the close.
-            if self.connection.state is OPEN:
+            if self.ws_proto.state is OPEN:
                 if code in (1000, 1001):
-                    self.connection.send_close(code, reason)
+                    self.ws_proto.send_close(code, reason)
                 else:
-                    self.connection.fail(code, reason)
+                    self.ws_proto.fail(code, reason)
                 try:
-                    data_to_send = self.connection.data_to_send()
+                    data_to_send = self.ws_proto.data_to_send()
                     while (
                         len(data_to_send)
                         and self.io_proto
@@ -317,7 +342,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
                     ...
         if code == 1006:
             # Special case: 1006 consider the transport already closed
-            self.connection.state = CLOSED
+            self.ws_proto.state = CLOSED
         if self.data_finished_fut and not self.data_finished_fut.done():
             # We have a graceful auto-closer. Use it to close the connection.
             self.data_finished_fut.cancel()
@@ -338,10 +363,10 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
         # In Python Version 3.7: pause_reading is idempotent
         # i.e. it can be called when the transport is already paused or closed.
         self.io_proto.transport.pause_reading()
-        if self.connection.state == OPEN:
+        if self.ws_proto.state == OPEN:
-            data_to_send = self.connection.data_to_send()
+            data_to_send = self.ws_proto.data_to_send()
-            self.connection.send_close(code, reason)
+            self.ws_proto.send_close(code, reason)
-            data_to_send.extend(self.connection.data_to_send())
+            data_to_send.extend(self.ws_proto.data_to_send())
             try:
                 while (
                     len(data_to_send)
@@ -450,7 +475,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
         Raise ConnectionClosed in pending keepalive pings.
         They'll never receive a pong once the connection is closed.
         """
-        if self.connection.state is not CLOSED:
+        if self.ws_proto.state is not CLOSED:
             raise ServerError(
                 "Webscoket about_pings should only be called "
                 "after connection state is changed to CLOSED"
@@ -479,9 +504,9 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
             self.fail_connection(code, reason)
             return
         async with self.conn_mutex:
-            if self.connection.state is OPEN:
+            if self.ws_proto.state is OPEN:
-                self.connection.send_close(code, reason)
+                self.ws_proto.send_close(code, reason)
-                data_to_send = self.connection.data_to_send()
+                data_to_send = self.ws_proto.data_to_send()
                 await self.send_data(data_to_send)
 
     async def recv(self, timeout: Optional[float] = None) -> Optional[Data]:
@@ -511,7 +536,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
                 "already waiting for the next message"
             )
         await self.recv_lock.acquire()
-        if self.connection.state is CLOSED:
+        if self.ws_proto.state is CLOSED:
             self.recv_lock.release()
             raise WebsocketClosed(
                 "Cannot receive from websocket interface after it is closed."
@@ -562,7 +587,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
                 "for the next message"
             )
         await self.recv_lock.acquire()
-        if self.connection.state is CLOSED:
+        if self.ws_proto.state is CLOSED:
             self.recv_lock.release()
             raise WebsocketClosed(
                 "Cannot receive from websocket interface after it is closed."
@@ -621,7 +646,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
                 "is already waiting for the next message"
             )
         await self.recv_lock.acquire()
-        if self.connection.state is CLOSED:
+        if self.ws_proto.state is CLOSED:
             self.recv_lock.release()
             raise WebsocketClosed(
                 "Cannot receive from websocket interface after it is closed."
@@ -661,8 +686,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
         :raises TypeError: for unsupported inputs
         """
         async with self.conn_mutex:
-
+            if self.ws_proto.state in (CLOSED, CLOSING):
-            if self.connection.state in (CLOSED, CLOSING):
                 raise WebsocketClosed(
                     "Cannot write to websocket interface after it is closed."
                 )
@@ -675,12 +699,12 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
             # strings and bytes-like objects are iterable.
 
             if isinstance(message, str):
-                self.connection.send_text(message.encode("utf-8"))
+                self.ws_proto.send_text(message.encode("utf-8"))
-                await self.send_data(self.connection.data_to_send())
+                await self.send_data(self.ws_proto.data_to_send())
 
             elif isinstance(message, (bytes, bytearray, memoryview)):
-                self.connection.send_binary(message)
+                self.ws_proto.send_binary(message)
-                await self.send_data(self.connection.data_to_send())
+                await self.send_data(self.ws_proto.data_to_send())
 
             elif isinstance(message, Mapping):
                 # Catch a common mistake -- passing a dict to send().
@@ -709,7 +733,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
         (which will be encoded to UTF-8) or a bytes-like object.
         """
         async with self.conn_mutex:
-            if self.connection.state in (CLOSED, CLOSING):
+            if self.ws_proto.state in (CLOSED, CLOSING):
                 raise WebsocketClosed(
                     "Cannot send a ping when the websocket interface "
                     "is closed."
@@ -737,8 +761,8 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
 
             self.pings[data] = self.io_proto.loop.create_future()
 
-            self.connection.send_ping(data)
+            self.ws_proto.send_ping(data)
-            await self.send_data(self.connection.data_to_send())
+            await self.send_data(self.ws_proto.data_to_send())
 
             return asyncio.shield(self.pings[data])
 
@@ -750,15 +774,15 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
         be a string (which will be encoded to UTF-8) or a bytes-like object.
         """
         async with self.conn_mutex:
-            if self.connection.state in (CLOSED, CLOSING):
+            if self.ws_proto.state in (CLOSED, CLOSING):
                 # Cannot send pong after transport is shutting down
                 return
             if isinstance(data, str):
                 data = data.encode("utf-8")
             elif isinstance(data, (bytearray, memoryview)):
                 data = bytes(data)
-            self.connection.send_pong(data)
+            self.ws_proto.send_pong(data)
-            await self.send_data(self.connection.data_to_send())
+            await self.send_data(self.ws_proto.data_to_send())
 
     async def send_data(self, data_to_send):
         for data in data_to_send:
@@ -780,7 +804,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
                     SanicProtocol.close(self.io_proto, timeout=1.0)
 
     async def async_data_received(self, data_to_send, events_to_process):
-        if self.connection.state in (OPEN, CLOSING) and len(data_to_send) > 0:
+        if self.ws_proto.state in (OPEN, CLOSING) and len(data_to_send) > 0:
             # receiving data can generate data to send (eg, pong for a ping)
             # send connection.data_to_send()
             await self.send_data(data_to_send)
@@ -788,9 +812,9 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
             await self.process_events(events_to_process)
 
     def data_received(self, data):
-        self.connection.receive_data(data)
+        self.ws_proto.receive_data(data)
-        data_to_send = self.connection.data_to_send()
+        data_to_send = self.ws_proto.data_to_send()
-        events_to_process = self.connection.events_received()
+        events_to_process = self.ws_proto.events_received()
         if len(data_to_send) > 0 or len(events_to_process) > 0:
             asyncio.create_task(
                 self.async_data_received(data_to_send, events_to_process)
@@ -799,7 +823,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
     async def async_eof_received(self, data_to_send, events_to_process):
         # receiving EOF can generate data to send
         # send connection.data_to_send()
-        if self.connection.state in (OPEN, CLOSING) and len(data_to_send) > 0:
+        if self.ws_proto.state in (OPEN, CLOSING) and len(data_to_send) > 0:
             await self.send_data(data_to_send)
         if len(events_to_process) > 0:
             await self.process_events(events_to_process)
@@ -819,9 +843,9 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
             SanicProtocol.close(self.io_proto, timeout=1.0)
 
     def eof_received(self) -> Optional[bool]:
-        self.connection.receive_eof()
+        self.ws_proto.receive_eof()
-        data_to_send = self.connection.data_to_send()
+        data_to_send = self.ws_proto.data_to_send()
-        events_to_process = self.connection.events_received()
+        events_to_process = self.ws_proto.events_received()
         asyncio.create_task(
             self.async_eof_received(data_to_send, events_to_process)
         )
@@ -831,12 +855,19 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
         """
         The WebSocket Connection is Closed.
         """
-        if not self.connection.state == CLOSED:
+        if not self.ws_proto.state == CLOSED:
             # signal to the websocket connection handler
             # we've lost the connection
-            self.connection.fail(code=1006)
+            self.ws_proto.fail(code=1006)
-            self.connection.state = CLOSED
+            self.ws_proto.state = CLOSED
 
         self.abort_pings()
         if self.connection_lost_waiter:
             self.connection_lost_waiter.set_result(None)
+
+    async def __aiter__(self):
+        try:
+            while True:
+                yield await self.recv()
+        except ConnectionClosedOK:
+            return

sanic/signals.py

@@ -154,9 +154,7 @@ class SignalRouter(BaseRouter):
         try:
             for signal in signals:
                 params.pop("__trigger__", None)
-                requirements = getattr(
+                requirements = signal.extra.requirements
-                    signal.handler, "__requirements__", None
-                )
                 if (
                     (condition is None and signal.ctx.exclusive is False)
                     or (condition is None and not requirements)
@@ -219,8 +217,13 @@ class SignalRouter(BaseRouter):
         if not trigger:
             event = ".".join([*parts[:2], "<__trigger__>"])
 
-        handler.__requirements__ = condition  # type: ignore
+        try:
-        handler.__trigger__ = trigger  # type: ignore
+            # Attaching __requirements__ and __trigger__ to the handler
+            # is deprecated and will be removed in v23.6.
+            handler.__requirements__ = condition  # type: ignore
+            handler.__trigger__ = trigger  # type: ignore
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
 
         signal = super().add(
             event,
@@ -232,6 +235,7 @@ class SignalRouter(BaseRouter):
         signal.ctx.exclusive = exclusive
         signal.ctx.trigger = trigger
         signal.ctx.definition = event_definition
+        signal.extra.requirements = condition
 
         return cast(Signal, signal)
 

sanic/touchup/meta.py

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ class TouchUpMeta(SanicMeta):
         methods = attrs.get("__touchup__")
         attrs["__touched__"] = False
         if methods:
-
             for method in methods:
                 if method not in attrs:
                     raise SanicException(

sanic/types/shared_ctx.py

@@ -44,7 +44,9 @@ class SharedContext(SimpleNamespace):
                 f"{Colors.YELLOW}with type {Colors.PURPLE}{type(value)} "
                 f"{Colors.YELLOW}was added to shared_ctx. It may not "
                 "not function as intended. Consider using the regular "
-                f"ctx. For more information, please see ____.{Colors.END}"
+                f"ctx.\nFor more information, please see https://sanic.dev/en"
+                "/guide/deployment/manager.html#using-shared-context-between-"
+                f"worker-processes.{Colors.END}"
             )
 
     @property

sanic/utils.py

@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@ def load_module_from_file_location(
         location = location.decode(encoding)
 
     if isinstance(location, Path) or "/" in location or "$" in location:
-
         if not isinstance(location, Path):
             # A) Check if location contains any environment variables
             #    in format ${some_env_var}.

sanic/worker/constants.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+from enum import IntEnum, auto
+
+from sanic.compat import UpperStrEnum
+
+
+class RestartOrder(UpperStrEnum):
+    SHUTDOWN_FIRST = auto()
+    STARTUP_FIRST = auto()
+
+
+class ProcessState(IntEnum):
+    IDLE = auto()
+    RESTARTING = auto()
+    STARTING = auto()
+    STARTED = auto()
+    ACKED = auto()
+    JOINED = auto()
+    TERMINATED = auto()

sanic/worker/inspector.py

@@ -1,23 +1,17 @@
-import sys
+from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import datetime
+from inspect import isawaitable
 from multiprocessing.connection import Connection
-from signal import SIGINT, SIGTERM
+from os import environ
-from signal import signal as signal_func
+from pathlib import Path
-from socket import AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, socket, timeout
+from typing import Any, Dict, Mapping, Union
-from textwrap import indent
-from typing import Any, Dict
 
-from sanic.application.logo import get_logo
+from sanic.exceptions import Unauthorized
-from sanic.application.motd import MOTDTTY
+from sanic.helpers import Default
-from sanic.log import Colors, error_logger, logger
+from sanic.log import logger
-from sanic.server.socket import configure_socket
+from sanic.request import Request
-
+from sanic.response import json
-
-try:  # no cov
-    from ujson import dumps, loads
-except ModuleNotFoundError:  # no cov
-    from json import dumps, loads  # type: ignore
 
 
 class Inspector:
@@ -25,117 +19,105 @@ class Inspector:
         self,
         publisher: Connection,
         app_info: Dict[str, Any],
-        worker_state: Dict[str, Any],
+        worker_state: Mapping[str, Any],
         host: str,
         port: int,
+        api_key: str,
+        tls_key: Union[Path, str, Default],
+        tls_cert: Union[Path, str, Default],
     ):
         self._publisher = publisher
-        self.run = True
         self.app_info = app_info
         self.worker_state = worker_state
         self.host = host
         self.port = port
+        self.api_key = api_key
+        self.tls_key = tls_key
+        self.tls_cert = tls_cert
 
-    def __call__(self) -> None:
+    def __call__(self, run=True, **_) -> Inspector:
-        sock = configure_socket(
+        from sanic import Sanic
-            {"host": self.host, "port": self.port, "unix": None, "backlog": 1}
+
+        self.app = Sanic("Inspector")
+        self._setup()
+        if run:
+            self.app.run(
+                host=self.host,
+                port=self.port,
+                single_process=True,
+                ssl={"key": self.tls_key, "cert": self.tls_cert}
+                if not isinstance(self.tls_key, Default)
+                and not isinstance(self.tls_cert, Default)
+                else None,
+            )
+        return self
+
+    def _setup(self):
+        self.app.get("/")(self._info)
+        self.app.post("/<action:str>")(self._action)
+        if self.api_key:
+            self.app.on_request(self._authentication)
+        environ["SANIC_IGNORE_PRODUCTION_WARNING"] = "true"
+
+    def _authentication(self, request: Request) -> None:
+        if request.token != self.api_key:
+            raise Unauthorized("Bad API key")
+
+    async def _action(self, request: Request, action: str):
+        logger.info("Incoming inspector action: %s", action)
+        output: Any = None
+        method = getattr(self, action, None)
+        if method:
+            kwargs = {}
+            if request.body:
+                kwargs = request.json
+            args = kwargs.pop("args", ())
+            output = method(*args, **kwargs)
+            if isawaitable(output):
+                output = await output
+
+        return await self._respond(request, output)
+
+    async def _info(self, request: Request):
+        return await self._respond(request, self._state_to_json())
+
+    async def _respond(self, request: Request, output: Any):
+        name = request.match_info.get("action", "info")
+        return json(
+            {"meta": {"action": name}, "result": output},
+            escape_forward_slashes=False,
         )
-        assert sock
-        signal_func(SIGINT, self.stop)
-        signal_func(SIGTERM, self.stop)
 
-        logger.info(f"Inspector started on: {sock.getsockname()}")
+    def _state_to_json(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-        sock.settimeout(0.5)
-        try:
-            while self.run:
-                try:
-                    conn, _ = sock.accept()
-                except timeout:
-                    continue
-                else:
-                    action = conn.recv(64)
-                    if action == b"reload":
-                        conn.send(b"\n")
-                        self.reload()
-                    elif action == b"shutdown":
-                        conn.send(b"\n")
-                        self.shutdown()
-                    else:
-                        data = dumps(self.state_to_json())
-                        conn.send(data.encode())
-                        conn.close()
-        finally:
-            logger.debug("Inspector closing")
-            sock.close()
-
-    def stop(self, *_):
-        self.run = False
-
-    def state_to_json(self):
         output = {"info": self.app_info}
         output["workers"] = self._make_safe(dict(self.worker_state))
         return output
 
-    def reload(self):
+    @staticmethod
-        message = "__ALL_PROCESSES__:"
+    def _make_safe(obj: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-        self._publisher.send(message)
-
-    def shutdown(self):
-        message = "__TERMINATE__"
-        self._publisher.send(message)
-
-    def _make_safe(self, obj: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         for key, value in obj.items():
             if isinstance(value, dict):
-                obj[key] = self._make_safe(value)
+                obj[key] = Inspector._make_safe(value)
             elif isinstance(value, datetime):
                 obj[key] = value.isoformat()
         return obj
 
+    def reload(self, zero_downtime: bool = False) -> None:
+        message = "__ALL_PROCESSES__:"
+        if zero_downtime:
+            message += ":STARTUP_FIRST"
+        self._publisher.send(message)
 
-def inspect(host: str, port: int, action: str):
+    def scale(self, replicas) -> str:
-    out = sys.stdout.write
+        num_workers = 1
-    with socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM) as sock:
+        if replicas:
-        try:
+            num_workers = int(replicas)
-            sock.connect((host, port))
+        log_msg = f"Scaling to {num_workers}"
-        except ConnectionRefusedError:
+        logger.info(log_msg)
-            error_logger.error(
+        message = f"__SCALE__:{num_workers}"
-                f"{Colors.RED}Could not connect to inspector at: "
+        self._publisher.send(message)
-                f"{Colors.YELLOW}{(host, port)}{Colors.END}\n"
+        return log_msg
-                "Either the application is not running, or it did not start "
+
-                "an inspector instance."
+    def shutdown(self) -> None:
-            )
+        message = "__TERMINATE__"
-            sock.close()
+        self._publisher.send(message)
-            sys.exit(1)
-        sock.sendall(action.encode())
-        data = sock.recv(4096)
-    if action == "raw":
-        out(data.decode())
-    elif action == "pretty":
-        loaded = loads(data)
-        display = loaded.pop("info")
-        extra = display.pop("extra", {})
-        display["packages"] = ", ".join(display["packages"])
-        MOTDTTY(get_logo(), f"{host}:{port}", display, extra).display(
-            version=False,
-            action="Inspecting",
-            out=out,
-        )
-        for name, info in loaded["workers"].items():
-            info = "\n".join(
-                f"\t{key}: {Colors.BLUE}{value}{Colors.END}"
-                for key, value in info.items()
-            )
-            out(
-                "\n"
-                + indent(
-                    "\n".join(
-                        [
-                            f"{Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}{name}{Colors.END}",
-                            info,
-                        ]
-                    ),
-                    "  ",
-                )
-                + "\n"
-            )

sanic/worker/loader.py

@@ -5,18 +5,10 @@ import sys
 
 from importlib import import_module
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import (
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Dict, Optional, Union, cast
-    TYPE_CHECKING,
-    Any,
-    Callable,
-    Dict,
-    Optional,
-    Type,
-    Union,
-    cast,
-)
 
-from sanic.http.tls.creators import CertCreator, MkcertCreator, TrustmeCreator
+from sanic.http.tls.context import process_to_context
+from sanic.http.tls.creators import MkcertCreator, TrustmeCreator
 
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -106,21 +98,30 @@ class AppLoader:
 
 
 class CertLoader:
-    _creator_class: Type[CertCreator]
+    _creators = {
+        "mkcert": MkcertCreator,
+        "trustme": TrustmeCreator,
+    }
 
     def __init__(self, ssl_data: Dict[str, Union[str, os.PathLike]]):
-        creator_name = ssl_data.get("creator")
+        self._ssl_data = ssl_data
-        if creator_name not in ("mkcert", "trustme"):
+
+        creator_name = cast(str, ssl_data.get("creator"))
+
+        self._creator_class = self._creators.get(creator_name)
+        if not creator_name:
+            return
+
+        if not self._creator_class:
             raise RuntimeError(f"Unknown certificate creator: {creator_name}")
-        elif creator_name == "mkcert":
-            self._creator_class = MkcertCreator
-        elif creator_name == "trustme":
-            self._creator_class = TrustmeCreator
 
         self._key = ssl_data["key"]
         self._cert = ssl_data["cert"]
         self._localhost = cast(str, ssl_data["localhost"])
 
     def load(self, app: SanicApp):
+        if not self._creator_class:
+            return process_to_context(self._ssl_data)
+
         creator = self._creator_class(app, self._key, self._cert)
         return creator.generate_cert(self._localhost)

sanic/worker/manager.py

@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 import os
-import sys
 
+from contextlib import suppress
+from itertools import count
+from random import choice
 from signal import SIGINT, SIGTERM, Signals
 from signal import signal as signal_func
-from time import sleep
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional
-from typing import List, Optional
 
 from sanic.compat import OS_IS_WINDOWS
+from sanic.exceptions import ServerKilled
 from sanic.log import error_logger, logger
+from sanic.worker.constants import RestartOrder
 from sanic.worker.process import ProcessState, Worker, WorkerProcess
 
 
@@ -18,7 +21,8 @@ else:
 
 
 class WorkerManager:
-    THRESHOLD = 50
+    THRESHOLD = WorkerProcess.THRESHOLD
+    MAIN_IDENT = "Sanic-Main"
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -31,39 +35,66 @@ class WorkerManager:
     ):
         self.num_server = number
         self.context = context
-        self.transient: List[Worker] = []
+        self.transient: Dict[str, Worker] = {}
-        self.durable: List[Worker] = []
+        self.durable: Dict[str, Worker] = {}
         self.monitor_publisher, self.monitor_subscriber = monitor_pubsub
         self.worker_state = worker_state
-        self.worker_state["Sanic-Main"] = {"pid": self.pid}
+        self.worker_state[self.MAIN_IDENT] = {"pid": self.pid}
-        self.terminated = False
+        self._shutting_down = False
+        self._serve = serve
+        self._server_settings = server_settings
+        self._server_count = count()
 
         if number == 0:
             raise RuntimeError("Cannot serve with no workers")
 
-        for i in range(number):
+        for _ in range(number):
-            self.manage(
+            self.create_server()
-                f"{WorkerProcess.SERVER_LABEL}-{i}",
-                serve,
-                server_settings,
-                transient=True,
-            )
 
         signal_func(SIGINT, self.shutdown_signal)
         signal_func(SIGTERM, self.shutdown_signal)
 
-    def manage(self, ident, func, kwargs, transient=False):
+    def manage(self, ident, func, kwargs, transient=False) -> Worker:
         container = self.transient if transient else self.durable
-        container.append(
+        worker = Worker(ident, func, kwargs, self.context, self.worker_state)
-            Worker(ident, func, kwargs, self.context, self.worker_state)
+        container[worker.ident] = worker
+        return worker
+
+    def create_server(self) -> Worker:
+        server_number = next(self._server_count)
+        return self.manage(
+            f"{WorkerProcess.SERVER_LABEL}-{server_number}",
+            self._serve,
+            self._server_settings,
+            transient=True,
         )
 
+    def shutdown_server(self, ident: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        if not ident:
+            servers = [
+                worker
+                for worker in self.transient.values()
+                if worker.ident.startswith(WorkerProcess.SERVER_LABEL)
+            ]
+            if not servers:
+                error_logger.error(
+                    "Server shutdown failed because a server was not found."
+                )
+                return
+            worker = choice(servers)  # nosec B311
+        else:
+            worker = self.transient[ident]
+
+        for process in worker.processes:
+            process.terminate()
+
+        del self.transient[worker.ident]
+
     def run(self):
         self.start()
         self.monitor()
         self.join()
         self.terminate()
-        # self.kill()
 
     def start(self):
         for process in self.processes:
@@ -85,15 +116,41 @@ class WorkerManager:
             self.join()
 
     def terminate(self):
-        if not self.terminated:
+        if not self._shutting_down:
             for process in self.processes:
                 process.terminate()
-        self.terminated = True
 
-    def restart(self, process_names: Optional[List[str]] = None, **kwargs):
+    def restart(
+        self,
+        process_names: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        restart_order=RestartOrder.SHUTDOWN_FIRST,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
         for process in self.transient_processes:
             if not process_names or process.name in process_names:
-                process.restart(**kwargs)
+                process.restart(restart_order=restart_order, **kwargs)
+
+    def scale(self, num_worker: int):
+        if num_worker <= 0:
+            raise ValueError("Cannot scale to 0 workers.")
+
+        change = num_worker - self.num_server
+        if change == 0:
+            logger.info(
+                f"No change needed. There are already {num_worker} workers."
+            )
+            return
+
+        logger.info(f"Scaling from {self.num_server} to {num_worker} workers")
+        if change > 0:
+            for _ in range(change):
+                worker = self.create_server()
+                for process in worker.processes:
+                    process.start()
+        else:
+            for _ in range(abs(change)):
+                self.shutdown_server()
+        self.num_server = num_worker
 
     def monitor(self):
         self.wait_for_ack()
@@ -109,7 +166,15 @@ class WorkerManager:
                     elif message == "__TERMINATE__":
                         self.shutdown()
                         break
-                    split_message = message.split(":", 1)
+                    logger.debug(
+                        "Incoming monitor message: %s",
+                        message,
+                        extra={"verbosity": 1},
+                    )
+                    split_message = message.split(":", 2)
+                    if message.startswith("__SCALE__"):
+                        self.scale(int(split_message[-1]))
+                        continue
                     processes = split_message[0]
                     reloaded_files = (
                         split_message[1] if len(split_message) > 1 else None
@@ -119,10 +184,17 @@ class WorkerManager:
                     ]
                     if "__ALL_PROCESSES__" in process_names:
                         process_names = None
+                    order = (
+                        RestartOrder.STARTUP_FIRST
+                        if "STARTUP_FIRST" in split_message
+                        else RestartOrder.SHUTDOWN_FIRST
+                    )
                     self.restart(
                         process_names=process_names,
                         reloaded_files=reloaded_files,
+                        restart_order=order,
                     )
+                self._sync_states()
             except InterruptedError:
                 if not OS_IS_WINDOWS:
                     raise
@@ -130,17 +202,40 @@ class WorkerManager:
 
     def wait_for_ack(self):  # no cov
         misses = 0
+        message = (
+            "It seems that one or more of your workers failed to come "
+            "online in the allowed time. Sanic is shutting down to avoid a "
+            f"deadlock. The current threshold is {self.THRESHOLD / 10}s. "
+            "If this problem persists, please check out the documentation "
+            "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/manager.html#worker-ack."
+        )
         while not self._all_workers_ack():
-            sleep(0.1)
+            if self.monitor_subscriber.poll(0.1):
+                monitor_msg = self.monitor_subscriber.recv()
+                if monitor_msg != "__TERMINATE_EARLY__":
+                    self.monitor_publisher.send(monitor_msg)
+                    continue
+                misses = self.THRESHOLD
+                message = (
+                    "One of your worker processes terminated before startup "
+                    "was completed. Please solve any errors experienced "
+                    "during startup. If you do not see an exception traceback "
+                    "in your error logs, try running Sanic in in a single "
+                    "process using --single-process or single_process=True. "
+                    "Once you are confident that the server is able to start "
+                    "without errors you can switch back to multiprocess mode."
+                )
             misses += 1
             if misses > self.THRESHOLD:
-                error_logger.error("Not all workers are ack. Shutting down.")
+                error_logger.error(
+                    "Not all workers acknowledged a successful startup. "
+                    "Shutting down.\n\n" + message
+                )
                 self.kill()
-                sys.exit(1)
 
     @property
-    def workers(self):
+    def workers(self) -> List[Worker]:
-        return self.transient + self.durable
+        return list(self.transient.values()) + list(self.durable.values())
 
     @property
     def processes(self):
@@ -150,15 +245,22 @@ class WorkerManager:
 
     @property
     def transient_processes(self):
-        for worker in self.transient:
+        for worker in self.transient.values():
             for process in worker.processes:
                 yield process
 
     def kill(self):
         for process in self.processes:
+            logger.info("Killing %s [%s]", process.name, process.pid)
             os.kill(process.pid, SIGKILL)
+        raise ServerKilled
 
     def shutdown_signal(self, signal, frame):
+        if self._shutting_down:
+            logger.info("Shutdown interrupted. Killing.")
+            with suppress(ServerKilled):
+                self.kill()
+
         logger.info("Received signal %s. Shutting down.", Signals(signal).name)
         self.monitor_publisher.send(None)
         self.shutdown()
@@ -167,6 +269,7 @@ class WorkerManager:
         for process in self.processes:
             if process.is_alive():
                 process.terminate()
+        self._shutting_down = True
 
     @property
     def pid(self):
@@ -179,3 +282,9 @@ class WorkerManager:
             if worker_state.get("server")
         ]
         return all(acked) and len(acked) == self.num_server
+
+    def _sync_states(self):
+        for process in self.processes:
+            state = self.worker_state[process.name].get("state")
+            if state and process.state.name != state:
+                process.set_state(ProcessState[state], True)

sanic/worker/multiplexer.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ from multiprocessing.connection import Connection
 from os import environ, getpid
 from typing import Any, Dict
 
+from sanic.log import Colors, logger
 from sanic.worker.process import ProcessState
 from sanic.worker.state import WorkerState
 
@@ -16,20 +17,45 @@ class WorkerMultiplexer:
         self._state = WorkerState(worker_state, self.name)
 
     def ack(self):
+        logger.debug(
+            f"{Colors.BLUE}Process ack: {Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}"
+            f"%s {Colors.BLUE}[%s]{Colors.END}",
+            self.name,
+            self.pid,
+        )
         self._state._state[self.name] = {
             **self._state._state[self.name],
             "state": ProcessState.ACKED.name,
         }
 
-    def restart(self, name: str = ""):
+    def restart(
+        self,
+        name: str = "",
+        all_workers: bool = False,
+        zero_downtime: bool = False,
+    ):
+        if name and all_workers:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Ambiguous restart with both a named process and"
+                " all_workers=True"
+            )
         if not name:
-            name = self.name
+            name = "__ALL_PROCESSES__:" if all_workers else self.name
+        if not name.endswith(":"):
+            name += ":"
+        if zero_downtime:
+            name += ":STARTUP_FIRST"
         self._monitor_publisher.send(name)
 
     reload = restart  # no cov
 
-    def terminate(self):
+    def scale(self, num_workers: int):
-        self._monitor_publisher.send("__TERMINATE__")
+        message = f"__SCALE__:{num_workers}"
+        self._monitor_publisher.send(message)
+
+    def terminate(self, early: bool = False):
+        message = "__TERMINATE_EARLY__" if early else "__TERMINATE__"
+        self._monitor_publisher.send(message)
 
     @property
     def pid(self) -> int:

sanic/worker/process.py

@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 import os
 
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
-from enum import IntEnum, auto
 from multiprocessing.context import BaseContext
 from signal import SIGINT
+from threading import Thread
+from time import sleep
 from typing import Any, Dict, Set
 
 from sanic.log import Colors, logger
+from sanic.worker.constants import ProcessState, RestartOrder
 
 
 def get_now():
@@ -14,15 +16,8 @@ def get_now():
     return now
 
 
-class ProcessState(IntEnum):
-    IDLE = auto()
-    STARTED = auto()
-    ACKED = auto()
-    JOINED = auto()
-    TERMINATED = auto()
-
-
 class WorkerProcess:
+    THRESHOLD = 300  # == 30 seconds
     SERVER_LABEL = "Server"
 
     def __init__(self, factory, name, target, kwargs, worker_state):
@@ -54,8 +49,9 @@ class WorkerProcess:
             f"{Colors.SANIC}%s{Colors.END}",
             self.name,
         )
+        self.set_state(ProcessState.STARTING)
+        self._current_process.start()
         self.set_state(ProcessState.STARTED)
-        self._process.start()
         if not self.worker_state[self.name].get("starts"):
             self.worker_state[self.name] = {
                 **self.worker_state[self.name],
@@ -67,7 +63,7 @@ class WorkerProcess:
 
     def join(self):
         self.set_state(ProcessState.JOINED)
-        self._process.join()
+        self._current_process.join()
 
     def terminate(self):
         if self.state is not ProcessState.TERMINATED:
@@ -80,21 +76,23 @@ class WorkerProcess:
             )
             self.set_state(ProcessState.TERMINATED, force=True)
             try:
-                # self._process.terminate()
                 os.kill(self.pid, SIGINT)
                 del self.worker_state[self.name]
             except (KeyError, AttributeError, ProcessLookupError):
                 ...
 
-    def restart(self, **kwargs):
+    def restart(self, restart_order=RestartOrder.SHUTDOWN_FIRST, **kwargs):
         logger.debug(
             f"{Colors.BLUE}Restarting a process: {Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}"
             f"%s {Colors.BLUE}[%s]{Colors.END}",
             self.name,
             self.pid,
         )
-        self._process.terminate()
+        self.set_state(ProcessState.RESTARTING, force=True)
-        self.set_state(ProcessState.IDLE, force=True)
+        if restart_order is RestartOrder.SHUTDOWN_FIRST:
+            self._terminate_now()
+        else:
+            self._old_process = self._current_process
         self.kwargs.update(
             {"config": {k.upper(): v for k, v in kwargs.items()}}
         )
@@ -104,6 +102,9 @@ class WorkerProcess:
         except AttributeError:
             raise RuntimeError("Restart failed")
 
+        if restart_order is RestartOrder.STARTUP_FIRST:
+            self._terminate_soon()
+
         self.worker_state[self.name] = {
             **self.worker_state[self.name],
             "pid": self.pid,
@@ -113,14 +114,14 @@ class WorkerProcess:
 
     def is_alive(self):
         try:
-            return self._process.is_alive()
+            return self._current_process.is_alive()
         except AssertionError:
             return False
 
     def spawn(self):
-        if self.state is not ProcessState.IDLE:
+        if self.state not in (ProcessState.IDLE, ProcessState.RESTARTING):
             raise Exception("Cannot spawn a worker process until it is idle.")
-        self._process = self.factory(
+        self._current_process = self.factory(
             name=self.name,
             target=self.target,
             kwargs=self.kwargs,
@@ -129,10 +130,61 @@ class WorkerProcess:
 
     @property
     def pid(self):
-        return self._process.pid
+        return self._current_process.pid
+
+    def _terminate_now(self):
+        logger.debug(
+            f"{Colors.BLUE}Begin restart termination: "
+            f"{Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}"
+            f"%s {Colors.BLUE}[%s]{Colors.END}",
+            self.name,
+            self._current_process.pid,
+        )
+        self._current_process.terminate()
+
+    def _terminate_soon(self):
+        logger.debug(
+            f"{Colors.BLUE}Begin restart termination: "
+            f"{Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}"
+            f"%s {Colors.BLUE}[%s]{Colors.END}",
+            self.name,
+            self._current_process.pid,
+        )
+        termination_thread = Thread(target=self._wait_to_terminate)
+        termination_thread.start()
+
+    def _wait_to_terminate(self):
+        logger.debug(
+            f"{Colors.BLUE}Waiting for process to be acked: "
+            f"{Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}"
+            f"%s {Colors.BLUE}[%s]{Colors.END}",
+            self.name,
+            self._old_process.pid,
+        )
+        misses = 0
+        while self.state is not ProcessState.ACKED:
+            sleep(0.1)
+            misses += 1
+            if misses > self.THRESHOLD:
+                raise TimeoutError(
+                    f"Worker {self.name} failed to come ack within "
+                    f"{self.THRESHOLD / 10} seconds"
+                )
+        else:
+            logger.debug(
+                f"{Colors.BLUE}Process acked. Terminating: "
+                f"{Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}"
+                f"%s {Colors.BLUE}[%s]{Colors.END}",
+                self.name,
+                self._old_process.pid,
+            )
+            self._old_process.terminate()
+        delattr(self, "_old_process")
 
 
 class Worker:
+    WORKER_PREFIX = "Sanic-"
+
     def __init__(
         self,
         ident: str,
@@ -151,8 +203,12 @@ class Worker:
 
     def create_process(self) -> WorkerProcess:
         process = WorkerProcess(
-            factory=self.context.Process,
+            # Need to ignore this typing error - The problem is the
-            name=f"Sanic-{self.ident}-{len(self.processes)}",
+            # BaseContext itself has no Process. But, all of its
+            # implementations do. We can safely ignore as it is a typing
+            # issue in the standard lib.
+            factory=self.context.Process,  # type: ignore
+            name=f"{self.WORKER_PREFIX}{self.ident}-{len(self.processes)}",
             target=self.serve,
             kwargs={**self.server_settings},
             worker_state=self.worker_state,

sanic/worker/reloader.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from multiprocessing.connection import Connection
 from pathlib import Path
 from signal import SIGINT, SIGTERM
 from signal import signal as signal_func
+from time import sleep
 from typing import Dict, Set
 
 from sanic.server.events import trigger_events
@@ -16,6 +17,8 @@ from sanic.worker.loader import AppLoader
 
 
 class Reloader:
+    INTERVAL = 1.0  # seconds
+
     def __init__(
         self,
         publisher: Connection,
@@ -24,7 +27,7 @@ class Reloader:
         app_loader: AppLoader,
     ):
         self._publisher = publisher
-        self.interval = interval
+        self.interval = interval or self.INTERVAL
         self.reload_dirs = reload_dirs
         self.run = True
         self.app_loader = app_loader
@@ -62,6 +65,7 @@ class Reloader:
                 self.reload(",".join(changed) if changed else "unknown")
                 if after_trigger:
                     trigger_events(after_trigger, loop, app)
+            sleep(self.interval)
         else:
             if reloader_stop:
                 trigger_events(reloader_stop, loop, app)

sanic/worker/serve.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import asyncio
 import os
 import socket
+import warnings
 
 from functools import partial
 from multiprocessing.connection import Connection
@@ -10,11 +11,13 @@ from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Type, Union
 from sanic.application.constants import ServerStage
 from sanic.application.state import ApplicationServerInfo
 from sanic.http.constants import HTTP
+from sanic.log import error_logger
 from sanic.models.server_types import Signal
 from sanic.server.protocols.http_protocol import HttpProtocol
 from sanic.server.runners import _serve_http_1, _serve_http_3
 from sanic.worker.loader import AppLoader, CertLoader
 from sanic.worker.multiplexer import WorkerMultiplexer
+from sanic.worker.process import Worker, WorkerProcess
 
 
 def worker_serve(
@@ -45,80 +48,96 @@ def worker_serve(
     config=None,
     passthru: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
 ):
-    from sanic import Sanic
+    try:
+        from sanic import Sanic
 
-    if app_loader:
+        if app_loader:
-        app = app_loader.load()
+            app = app_loader.load()
-    else:
+        else:
-        app = Sanic.get_app(app_name)
+            app = Sanic.get_app(app_name)
 
-    app.refresh(passthru)
+        app.refresh(passthru)
-    app.setup_loop()
+        app.setup_loop()
 
-    loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+        loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
-    asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
+        asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
 
-    # Hydrate server info if needed
+        # Hydrate server info if needed
-    if server_info:
+        if server_info:
-        for app_name, server_info_objects in server_info.items():
+            for app_name, server_info_objects in server_info.items():
-            a = Sanic.get_app(app_name)
+                a = Sanic.get_app(app_name)
-            if not a.state.server_info:
+                if not a.state.server_info:
-                a.state.server_info = []
+                    a.state.server_info = []
-                for info in server_info_objects:
+                    for info in server_info_objects:
-                    if not info.settings.get("app"):
+                        if not info.settings.get("app"):
-                        info.settings["app"] = a
+                            info.settings["app"] = a
-                    a.state.server_info.append(info)
+                        a.state.server_info.append(info)
 
-    if isinstance(ssl, dict):
+        if isinstance(ssl, dict):
-        cert_loader = CertLoader(ssl)
+            cert_loader = CertLoader(ssl)
-        ssl = cert_loader.load(app)
+            ssl = cert_loader.load(app)
-        for info in app.state.server_info:
+            for info in app.state.server_info:
-            info.settings["ssl"] = ssl
+                info.settings["ssl"] = ssl
 
-    # When in a worker process, do some init
+        # When in a worker process, do some init
-    if os.environ.get("SANIC_WORKER_NAME"):
+        worker_name = os.environ.get("SANIC_WORKER_NAME")
-        # Hydrate apps with any passed server info
+        if worker_name and worker_name.startswith(
+            Worker.WORKER_PREFIX + WorkerProcess.SERVER_LABEL
+        ):
+            # Hydrate apps with any passed server info
 
-        if monitor_publisher is None:
+            if monitor_publisher is None:
-            raise RuntimeError("No restart publisher found in worker process")
+                raise RuntimeError(
-        if worker_state is None:
+                    "No restart publisher found in worker process"
-            raise RuntimeError("No worker state found in worker process")
+                )
+            if worker_state is None:
+                raise RuntimeError("No worker state found in worker process")
 
-        # Run secondary servers
+            # Run secondary servers
-        apps = list(Sanic._app_registry.values())
+            apps = list(Sanic._app_registry.values())
-        app.before_server_start(partial(app._start_servers, apps=apps))
+            app.before_server_start(partial(app._start_servers, apps=apps))
-        for a in apps:
+            for a in apps:
-            a.multiplexer = WorkerMultiplexer(monitor_publisher, worker_state)
+                a.multiplexer = WorkerMultiplexer(
+                    monitor_publisher, worker_state
+                )
 
-    if app.debug:
+        if app.debug:
-        loop.set_debug(app.debug)
+            loop.set_debug(app.debug)
 
-    app.asgi = False
+        app.asgi = False
 
-    if app.state.server_info:
+        if app.state.server_info:
-        primary_server_info = app.state.server_info[0]
+            primary_server_info = app.state.server_info[0]
-        primary_server_info.stage = ServerStage.SERVING
+            primary_server_info.stage = ServerStage.SERVING
-    if config:
+        if config:
-        app.update_config(config)
+            app.update_config(config)
 
-    if version is HTTP.VERSION_3:
+        if version is HTTP.VERSION_3:
-        return _serve_http_3(host, port, app, loop, ssl)
+            return _serve_http_3(host, port, app, loop, ssl)
-    return _serve_http_1(
+        return _serve_http_1(
-        host,
+            host,
-        port,
+            port,
-        app,
+            app,
-        ssl,
+            ssl,
-        sock,
+            sock,
-        unix,
+            unix,
-        reuse_port,
+            reuse_port,
-        loop,
+            loop,
-        protocol,
+            protocol,
-        backlog,
+            backlog,
-        register_sys_signals,
+            register_sys_signals,
-        run_multiple,
+            run_multiple,
-        run_async,
+            run_async,
-        connections,
+            connections,
-        signal,
+            signal,
-        state,
+            state,
-        asyncio_server_kwargs,
+            asyncio_server_kwargs,
-    )
+        )
+    except Exception as e:
+        warnings.simplefilter("ignore", category=RuntimeWarning)
+        if monitor_publisher:
+            error_logger.exception(e)
+            multiplexer = WorkerMultiplexer(monitor_publisher, {})
+            multiplexer.terminate(True)
+        else:
+            raise e

setup.py

@@ -6,8 +6,6 @@ import os
 import re
 import sys
 
-from distutils.util import strtobool
-
 from setuptools import find_packages, setup
 from setuptools.command.test import test as TestCommand
 
@@ -37,6 +35,25 @@ def open_local(paths, mode="r", encoding="utf8"):
 
     return codecs.open(path, mode, encoding)
 
+def str_to_bool(val: str) -> bool:
+    val = val.lower()
+    if val in {
+        "y",
+        "yes",
+        "yep",
+        "yup",
+        "t",
+        "true",
+        "on",
+        "enable",
+        "enabled",
+        "1",
+    }:
+        return True
+    elif val in {"n", "no", "f", "false", "off", "disable", "disabled", "0"}:
+        return False
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid truth value {val}")
 
 with open_local(["sanic", "__version__.py"], encoding="latin1") as fp:
     try:
@@ -73,6 +90,7 @@ setup_kwargs = {
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
     ],
     "entry_points": {"console_scripts": ["sanic = sanic.__main__:main"]},
 }
@@ -81,7 +99,7 @@ env_dependency = (
     '; sys_platform != "win32" ' 'and implementation_name == "cpython"'
 )
 ujson = "ujson>=1.35" + env_dependency
-uvloop = "uvloop>=0.5.3" + env_dependency
+uvloop = "uvloop>=0.15.0" + env_dependency
 types_ujson = "types-ujson" + env_dependency
 requirements = [
     "sanic-routing>=22.8.0",
@@ -94,8 +112,8 @@ requirements = [
 ]
 
 tests_require = [
-    "sanic-testing>=22.9.0b1",
+    "sanic-testing>=22.9.0",
-    "pytest",
+    "pytest==7.1.*",
     "coverage",
     "beautifulsoup4",
     "pytest-sanic",
@@ -131,13 +149,13 @@ dev_require = tests_require + [
 
 all_require = list(set(dev_require + docs_require))
 
-if strtobool(os.environ.get("SANIC_NO_UJSON", "no")):
+if str_to_bool(os.environ.get("SANIC_NO_UJSON", "no")):
     print("Installing without uJSON")
     requirements.remove(ujson)
     tests_require.remove(types_ujson)
 
 # 'nt' means windows OS
-if strtobool(os.environ.get("SANIC_NO_UVLOOP", "no")):
+if str_to_bool(os.environ.get("SANIC_NO_UVLOOP", "no")):
     print("Installing without uvLoop")
     requirements.remove(uvloop)
 

tests/conftest.py

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ import uuid
 
 from contextlib import suppress
 from logging import LogRecord
-from typing import List, Tuple
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Tuple
-from unittest.mock import MagicMock
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, Mock, patch
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ TYPE_TO_GENERATOR_MAP = {
     "uuid": lambda: str(uuid.uuid1()),
 }
 
-CACHE = {}
+CACHE: Dict[str, Any] = {}
 
 
 class RouteStringGenerator:
@@ -147,6 +147,7 @@ def app(request):
         for target, method_name in TouchUp._registry:
             CACHE[method_name] = getattr(target, method_name)
     app = Sanic(slugify.sub("-", request.node.name))
+
     yield app
     for target, method_name in TouchUp._registry:
         setattr(target, method_name, CACHE[method_name])
@@ -220,3 +221,14 @@ def sanic_ext(ext_instance):  # noqa
     yield sanic_ext
     with suppress(KeyError):
         del sys.modules["sanic_ext"]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def urlopen():
+    urlopen = Mock()
+    urlopen.return_value = urlopen
+    urlopen.__enter__ = Mock(return_value=urlopen)
+    urlopen.__exit__ = Mock()
+    urlopen.read = Mock()
+    with patch("sanic.cli.inspector_client.urlopen", urlopen):
+        yield urlopen

tests/test_app.py

@@ -15,9 +15,10 @@ from sanic import Sanic
 from sanic.compat import OS_IS_WINDOWS
 from sanic.config import Config
 from sanic.exceptions import SanicException
-from sanic.helpers import _default
+from sanic.helpers import Default
 from sanic.log import LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS
 from sanic.response import text
+from sanic.router import Route
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
@@ -152,11 +153,13 @@ def test_app_route_raise_value_error(app: Sanic):
 
 
 def test_app_handle_request_handler_is_none(app: Sanic, monkeypatch):
-    mock = Mock()
+    app.config.TOUCHUP = False
-    mock.handler = None
+    route = Mock(spec=Route)
+    route.extra.request_middleware = []
+    route.extra.response_middleware = []
 
     def mockreturn(*args, **kwargs):
-        return mock, None, {}
+        return route, None, {}
 
     monkeypatch.setattr(app.router, "get", mockreturn)
 
@@ -344,7 +347,15 @@ def test_app_registry_retrieval_from_multiple():
 
 def test_get_app_does_not_exist():
     with pytest.raises(
-        SanicException, match='Sanic app name "does-not-exist" not found.'
+        SanicException,
+        match=(
+            "Sanic app name 'does-not-exist' not found.\n"
+            "App instantiation must occur outside "
+            "if __name__ == '__main__' "
+            "block or by using an AppLoader.\nSee "
+            "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/app-loader.html"
+            " for more details."
+        ),
     ):
         Sanic.get_app("does-not-exist")
 
@@ -488,7 +499,9 @@ def test_uvloop_cannot_never_called_with_create_server(caplog, monkeypatch):
     )
 
     counter = Counter([(r[1], r[2]) for r in caplog.record_tuples])
-    modified = sum(1 for app in apps if app.config.USE_UVLOOP is not _default)
+    modified = sum(
+        1 for app in apps if not isinstance(app.config.USE_UVLOOP, Default)
+    )
 
     assert counter[(logging.WARNING, message)] == modified
 
@@ -522,7 +535,7 @@ def test_multiple_uvloop_configs_display_warning(caplog):
 
     counter = Counter([(r[1], r[2]) for r in caplog.record_tuples])
 
-    assert counter[(logging.WARNING, message)] == 2
+    assert counter[(logging.WARNING, message)] == 3
 
 
 def test_cannot_run_fast_and_workers(app: Sanic):

tests/test_asgi.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import uvicorn
 
 from sanic import Sanic
 from sanic.application.state import Mode
-from sanic.asgi import MockTransport
+from sanic.asgi import ASGIApp, MockTransport
 from sanic.exceptions import BadRequest, Forbidden, ServiceUnavailable
 from sanic.request import Request
 from sanic.response import json, text
@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@ from sanic.server.websockets.connection import WebSocketConnection
 from sanic.signals import RESERVED_NAMESPACES
 
 
+try:
+    from unittest.mock import AsyncMock
+except ImportError:
+    from tests.asyncmock import AsyncMock  # type: ignore
+
+
 @pytest.fixture
 def message_stack():
     return deque()
@@ -558,3 +564,39 @@ async def test_asgi_serve_location(app):
 
     _, response = await app.asgi_client.get("/")
     assert response.text == "http://<ASGI>"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_error_on_lifespan_exception_start(app, caplog):
+    @app.before_server_start
+    async def before_server_start(_):
+        1 / 0
+
+    recv = AsyncMock(return_value={"type": "lifespan.startup"})
+    send = AsyncMock()
+    app.asgi = True
+
+    with caplog.at_level(logging.ERROR):
+        await ASGIApp.create(app, {"type": "lifespan"}, recv, send)
+
+    send.assert_awaited_once_with(
+        {"type": "lifespan.startup.failed", "message": "division by zero"}
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_error_on_lifespan_exception_stop(app: Sanic):
+    @app.before_server_stop
+    async def before_server_stop(_):
+        1 / 0
+
+    recv = AsyncMock(return_value={"type": "lifespan.shutdown"})
+    send = AsyncMock()
+    app.asgi = True
+    await app._startup()
+
+    await ASGIApp.create(app, {"type": "lifespan"}, recv, send)
+
+    send.assert_awaited_once_with(
+        {"type": "lifespan.shutdown.failed", "message": "division by zero"}
+    )

tests/test_blueprint_group.py

@@ -323,3 +323,20 @@ def test_bp_group_properties():
     assert "api/v1/grouped/bp2/" in routes
     assert "api/v1/primary/grouped/bp1" in routes
     assert "api/v1/primary/grouped/bp2" in routes
+
+
+def test_nested_bp_group_properties():
+    one = Blueprint("one", url_prefix="/one")
+    two = Blueprint.group(one)
+    three = Blueprint.group(two, url_prefix="/three")
+
+    @one.route("/four")
+    def handler(request):
+        return text("pi")
+
+    app = Sanic("PropTest")
+    app.blueprint(three)
+    app.router.finalize()
+
+    routes = [route.path for route in app.router.routes]
+    assert routes == ["three/one/four"]

tests/test_cli.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import sys
 
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
+from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ from sanic_routing import __version__ as __routing_version__
 
 from sanic import __version__
 from sanic.__main__ import main
+from sanic.cli.inspector_client import InspectorClient
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="module", autouse=True)
@@ -117,7 +119,13 @@ def test_error_with_path_as_instance_without_simple_arg(caplog):
     ),
 )
 def test_tls_options(cmd: Tuple[str, ...], caplog):
-    command = ["fake.server.app", *cmd, "--port=9999", "--debug"]
+    command = [
+        "fake.server.app",
+        *cmd,
+        "--port=9999",
+        "--debug",
+        "--single-process",
+    ]
     lines = capture(command, caplog)
     assert "Goin' Fast @ https://127.0.0.1:9999" in lines
 
@@ -286,3 +294,50 @@ def test_noisy_exceptions(cmd: str, expected: bool, caplog):
     info = read_app_info(lines)
 
     assert info["noisy_exceptions"] is expected
+
+
+def test_inspector_inspect(urlopen, caplog, capsys):
+    urlopen.read.return_value = json.dumps(
+        {
+            "result": {
+                "info": {
+                    "packages": ["foo"],
+                },
+                "extra": {
+                    "more": "data",
+                },
+                "workers": {"Worker-Name": {"some": "state"}},
+            }
+        }
+    ).encode()
+    with patch("sys.argv", ["sanic", "inspect"]):
+        capture(["inspect"], caplog)
+    captured = capsys.readouterr()
+    assert "Inspecting @ http://localhost:6457" in captured.out
+    assert "Worker-Name" in captured.out
+    assert captured.err == ""
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "command,params",
+    (
+        (["reload"], {"zero_downtime": False}),
+        (["reload", "--zero-downtime"], {"zero_downtime": True}),
+        (["shutdown"], {}),
+        (["scale", "9"], {"replicas": 9}),
+        (["foo", "--bar=something"], {"bar": "something"}),
+        (["foo", "--bar"], {"bar": True}),
+        (["foo", "--no-bar"], {"bar": False}),
+        (["foo", "positional"], {"args": ["positional"]}),
+        (
+            ["foo", "positional", "--bar=something"],
+            {"args": ["positional"], "bar": "something"},
+        ),
+    ),
+)
+def test_inspector_command(command, params):
+    with patch.object(InspectorClient, "request") as client:
+        with patch("sys.argv", ["sanic", "inspect", *command]):
+            main()
+
+    client.assert_called_once_with(command[0], **params)

tests/test_coffee.py

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ def test_logo_true(app, caplog):
     with patch("sys.stdout.isatty") as isatty:
         isatty.return_value = True
         with caplog.at_level(logging.DEBUG):
-            app.make_coffee()
+            app.make_coffee(single_process=True)
 
     # Only in the regular logo
     assert "    ▄███ █████ ██    " not in caplog.text

tests/test_config.py

@@ -125,14 +125,9 @@ def test_env_w_custom_converter():
 
 
 def test_env_lowercase():
-    with pytest.warns(None) as record:
+    environ["SANIC_test_answer"] = "42"
-        environ["SANIC_test_answer"] = "42"
+    app = Sanic(name="Test")
-        app = Sanic(name="Test")
+    assert "test_answer" not in app.config
-        assert app.config.test_answer == 42
-    assert str(record[0].message) == (
-        "[DEPRECATION v22.9] Lowercase environment variables will not be "
-        "loaded into Sanic config beginning in v22.9."
-    )
     del environ["SANIC_test_answer"]
 
 

tests/test_create_task.py

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import asyncio
 import sys
 
 from threading import Event
-from unittest.mock import Mock
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -75,7 +74,7 @@ def test_create_named_task(app):
 
         app.stop()
 
-    app.run()
+    app.run(single_process=True)
 
 
 def test_named_task_called(app):

tests/test_errorpages.py

@@ -97,15 +97,15 @@ def test_auto_fallback_with_content_type(app):
 def test_route_error_format_set_on_auto(app):
     @app.get("/text")
     def text_response(request):
-        return text(request.route.ctx.error_format)
+        return text(request.route.extra.error_format)
 
     @app.get("/json")
     def json_response(request):
-        return json({"format": request.route.ctx.error_format})
+        return json({"format": request.route.extra.error_format})
 
     @app.get("/html")
     def html_response(request):
-        return html(request.route.ctx.error_format)
+        return html(request.route.extra.error_format)
 
     _, response = app.test_client.get("/text")
     assert response.text == "text"

tests/test_logging.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import pytest
 import sanic
 
 from sanic import Sanic
-from sanic.log import LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS, logger
+from sanic.log import LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS, Colors, logger
 from sanic.response import text
 
 
@@ -250,3 +250,14 @@ def test_verbosity(app, caplog, app_verbosity, log_verbosity, exists):
 
     if app_verbosity == 0:
         assert ("sanic.root", logging.INFO, "DEFAULT") in caplog.record_tuples
+
+
+def test_colors_enum_format():
+    assert f"{Colors.END}" == Colors.END.value
+    assert f"{Colors.BOLD}" == Colors.BOLD.value
+    assert f"{Colors.BLUE}" == Colors.BLUE.value
+    assert f"{Colors.GREEN}" == Colors.GREEN.value
+    assert f"{Colors.PURPLE}" == Colors.PURPLE.value
+    assert f"{Colors.RED}" == Colors.RED.value
+    assert f"{Colors.SANIC}" == Colors.SANIC.value
+    assert f"{Colors.YELLOW}" == Colors.YELLOW.value

tests/test_middleware.py

@@ -1,23 +1,13 @@
 import logging
 
-from asyncio import CancelledError
+from asyncio import CancelledError, sleep
 from itertools import count
-from unittest.mock import Mock
-
-import pytest
 
 from sanic.exceptions import NotFound
-from sanic.middleware import Middleware
 from sanic.request import Request
 from sanic.response import HTTPResponse, json, text
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
-def reset_middleware():
-    yield
-    Middleware.reset_count()
-
-
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ #
 #  GET
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ #
@@ -193,7 +183,7 @@ def test_middleware_response_raise_exception(app, caplog):
     with caplog.at_level(logging.ERROR):
         reqrequest, response = app.test_client.get("/fail")
 
-    assert response.status == 500
+    assert response.status == 404
     # 404 errors are not logged
     assert (
         "sanic.error",
@@ -333,10 +323,27 @@ def test_middleware_return_response(app):
     assert request_middleware_run_count == 1
 
 
-def test_middleware_object():
+def test_middleware_run_on_timeout(app):
-    mock = Mock()
+    app.config.RESPONSE_TIMEOUT = 0.1
-    middleware = Middleware(mock)
+    response_middleware_run_count = 0
-    middleware(1, 2, 3, answer=42)
+    request_middleware_run_count = 0
 
-    mock.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3, answer=42)
+    @app.on_response
-    assert middleware.order == (0, 0)
+    def response(_, response):
+        nonlocal response_middleware_run_count
+        response_middleware_run_count += 1
+
+    @app.on_request
+    def request(_):
+        nonlocal request_middleware_run_count
+        request_middleware_run_count += 1
+
+    @app.get("/")
+    async def handler(request):
+        resp1 = await request.respond()
+        await sleep(1)
+        return resp1
+
+    app.test_client.get("/")
+    assert request_middleware_run_count == 1
+    assert response_middleware_run_count == 1

tests/test_middleware_priority.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from functools import partial
 import pytest
 
 from sanic import Sanic
+from sanic.middleware import Middleware, MiddlewareLocation
 from sanic.response import json
 
 
@@ -33,6 +34,92 @@ PRIORITY_TEST_CASES = (
 )
 
 
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def reset_middleware():
+    yield
+    Middleware.reset_count()
+
+
+def test_add_register_priority(app: Sanic):
+    def foo(*_):
+        ...
+
+    app.register_middleware(foo, priority=999)
+    assert len(app.request_middleware) == 1
+    assert len(app.response_middleware) == 0
+    assert app.request_middleware[0].priority == 999  # type: ignore
+    app.register_middleware(foo, attach_to="response", priority=999)
+    assert len(app.request_middleware) == 1
+    assert len(app.response_middleware) == 1
+    assert app.response_middleware[0].priority == 999  # type: ignore
+
+
+def test_add_register_named_priority(app: Sanic):
+    def foo(*_):
+        ...
+
+    app.register_named_middleware(foo, route_names=["foo"], priority=999)
+    assert len(app.named_request_middleware) == 1
+    assert len(app.named_response_middleware) == 0
+    assert app.named_request_middleware["foo"][0].priority == 999  # type: ignore
+    app.register_named_middleware(
+        foo, attach_to="response", route_names=["foo"], priority=999
+    )
+    assert len(app.named_request_middleware) == 1
+    assert len(app.named_response_middleware) == 1
+    assert app.named_response_middleware["foo"][0].priority == 999  # type: ignore
+
+
+def test_add_decorator_priority(app: Sanic):
+    def foo(*_):
+        ...
+
+    app.middleware(foo, priority=999)
+    assert len(app.request_middleware) == 1
+    assert len(app.response_middleware) == 0
+    assert app.request_middleware[0].priority == 999  # type: ignore
+    app.middleware(foo, attach_to="response", priority=999)
+    assert len(app.request_middleware) == 1
+    assert len(app.response_middleware) == 1
+    assert app.response_middleware[0].priority == 999  # type: ignore
+
+
+def test_add_convenience_priority(app: Sanic):
+    def foo(*_):
+        ...
+
+    app.on_request(foo, priority=999)
+    assert len(app.request_middleware) == 1
+    assert len(app.response_middleware) == 0
+    assert app.request_middleware[0].priority == 999  # type: ignore
+    app.on_response(foo, priority=999)
+    assert len(app.request_middleware) == 1
+    assert len(app.response_middleware) == 1
+    assert app.response_middleware[0].priority == 999  # type: ignore
+
+
+def test_add_conflicting_priority(app: Sanic):
+    def foo(*_):
+        ...
+
+    middleware = Middleware(foo, MiddlewareLocation.REQUEST, priority=998)
+    app.register_middleware(middleware=middleware, priority=999)
+    assert app.request_middleware[0].priority == 999  # type: ignore
+    middleware.priority == 998
+
+
+def test_add_conflicting_priority_named(app: Sanic):
+    def foo(*_):
+        ...
+
+    middleware = Middleware(foo, MiddlewareLocation.REQUEST, priority=998)
+    app.register_named_middleware(
+        middleware=middleware, route_names=["foo"], priority=999
+    )
+    assert app.named_request_middleware["foo"][0].priority == 999  # type: ignore
+    middleware.priority == 998
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "expected,priorities",
     PRIORITY_TEST_CASES,

tests/test_multiprocessing.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import multiprocessing
 import pickle
 import random
 import signal
+import sys
 
 from asyncio import sleep
 
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ import pytest
 from sanic_testing.testing import HOST, PORT
 
 from sanic import Blueprint, text
+from sanic.compat import use_context
 from sanic.log import logger
 from sanic.server.socket import configure_socket
 
@@ -20,6 +22,10 @@ from sanic.server.socket import configure_socket
     reason="SIGALRM is not implemented for this platform, we have to come "
     "up with another timeout strategy to test these",
 )
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    sys.platform not in ("linux", "darwin"),
+    reason="This test requires fork context",
+)
 def test_multiprocessing(app):
     """Tests that the number of children we produce is correct"""
     # Selects a number at random so we can spot check
@@ -37,7 +43,8 @@ def test_multiprocessing(app):
 
     signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, stop_on_alarm)
     signal.alarm(2)
-    app.run(HOST, 4120, workers=num_workers, debug=True)
+    with use_context("fork"):
+        app.run(HOST, 4120, workers=num_workers, debug=True)
 
     assert len(process_list) == num_workers + 1
 
@@ -136,6 +143,10 @@ def test_multiprocessing_legacy_unix(app):
     not hasattr(signal, "SIGALRM"),
     reason="SIGALRM is not implemented for this platform",
 )
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    sys.platform not in ("linux", "darwin"),
+    reason="This test requires fork context",
+)
 def test_multiprocessing_with_blueprint(app):
     # Selects a number at random so we can spot check
     num_workers = random.choice(range(2, multiprocessing.cpu_count() * 2 + 1))
@@ -155,7 +166,8 @@ def test_multiprocessing_with_blueprint(app):
 
     bp = Blueprint("test_text")
     app.blueprint(bp)
-    app.run(HOST, 4121, workers=num_workers, debug=True)
+    with use_context("fork"):
+        app.run(HOST, 4121, workers=num_workers, debug=True)
 
     assert len(process_list) == num_workers + 1
 
@@ -213,6 +225,10 @@ def test_pickle_app_with_static(app, protocol):
     up_p_app.run(single_process=True)
 
 
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    sys.platform not in ("linux", "darwin"),
+    reason="This test requires fork context",
+)
 def test_main_process_event(app, caplog):
     # Selects a number at random so we can spot check
     num_workers = random.choice(range(2, multiprocessing.cpu_count() * 2 + 1))
@@ -235,8 +251,9 @@ def test_main_process_event(app, caplog):
     def main_process_stop2(app, loop):
         logger.info("main_process_stop")
 
-    with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
+    with use_context("fork"):
-        app.run(HOST, PORT, workers=num_workers)
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
+            app.run(HOST, PORT, workers=num_workers)
 
     assert (
         caplog.record_tuples.count(("sanic.root", 20, "main_process_start"))

tests/test_request_stream.py

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 import asyncio
 
-from contextlib import closing
-from socket import socket
-
 import pytest
 
 from sanic import Sanic
@@ -623,6 +620,4 @@ def test_streaming_echo():
         res = await read_chunk()
         assert res == None
 
-    # Use random port for tests
+    app.run(access_log=False, single_process=True)
-    with closing(socket()) as sock:
-        app.run(access_log=False)

tests/test_requests.py

@@ -1293,6 +1293,24 @@ async def test_request_string_representation_asgi(app):
             "------sanic--\r\n",
             "filename_\u00A0_test",
         ),
+        # Umlaut using NFC normalization (Windows, Linux, Android)
+        (
+            "------sanic\r\n"
+            'content-disposition: form-data; filename*="utf-8\'\'filename_%C3%A4_test"; name="test"\r\n'
+            "\r\n"
+            "OK\r\n"
+            "------sanic--\r\n",
+            "filename_\u00E4_test",
+        ),
+        # Umlaut using NFD normalization (MacOS client)
+        (
+            "------sanic\r\n"
+            'content-disposition: form-data; filename*="utf-8\'\'filename_a%CC%88_test"; name="test"\r\n'
+            "\r\n"
+            "OK\r\n"
+            "------sanic--\r\n",
+            "filename_\u00E4_test",  # Sanic should normalize to NFC
+        ),
     ],
 )
 def test_request_multipart_files(app, payload, filename):

tests/test_response.py

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import os
 import time
 
 from collections import namedtuple
-from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
-from email.utils import formatdate
+from email.utils import formatdate, parsedate_to_datetime
 from logging import ERROR, LogRecord
 from mimetypes import guess_type
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -665,13 +665,11 @@ def test_multiple_responses(
 
     with caplog.at_level(ERROR):
         _, response = app.test_client.get("/4")
-        print(response.json)
         assert response.status == 200
         assert "foo" not in response.text
         assert "one" in response.headers
         assert response.headers["one"] == "one"
 
-        print(response.headers)
         assert message_in_records(caplog.records, error_msg2)
 
     with caplog.at_level(ERROR):
@@ -841,10 +839,10 @@ def test_file_validate(app: Sanic, static_file_directory: str):
     time.sleep(1)
     with open(file_path, "a") as f:
         f.write("bar\n")
-
     _, response = app.test_client.get(
         "/validate", headers={"If-Modified-Since": last_modified}
     )
+
     assert response.status == 200
     assert response.body == b"foo\nbar\n"
 
@@ -921,3 +919,28 @@ def test_file_validating_304_response(
     )
     assert response.status == 304
     assert response.body == b""
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "file_name", ["test.file", "decode me.txt", "python.png"]
+)
+def test_file_validating_304_response(
+    app: Sanic, file_name: str, static_file_directory: str
+):
+    app.static("static", Path(static_file_directory) / file_name)
+
+    _, response = app.test_client.get("/static")
+    assert response.status == 200
+    assert response.body == get_file_content(static_file_directory, file_name)
+    last_modified = parsedate_to_datetime(response.headers["Last-Modified"])
+    last_modified += timedelta(seconds=1)
+    _, response = app.test_client.get(
+        "/static",
+        headers={
+            "if-modified-since": formatdate(
+                last_modified.timestamp(), usegmt=True
+            )
+        },
+    )
+    assert response.status == 304
+    assert response.body == b""

tests/test_response_json.py

@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+import json
+
+from functools import partial
+from unittest.mock import Mock
+
+import pytest
+
+from sanic import Request, Sanic
+from sanic.exceptions import SanicException
+from sanic.response import json as json_response
+from sanic.response.types import JSONResponse
+
+
+JSON_BODY = {"ok": True}
+json_dumps = partial(json.dumps, separators=(",", ":"))
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def json_app(app: Sanic):
+    @app.get("/json")
+    async def handle(request: Request):
+        return json_response(JSON_BODY)
+
+    return app
+
+
+def test_body_can_be_retrieved(json_app: Sanic):
+    _, resp = json_app.test_client.get("/json")
+    assert resp.body == json_dumps(JSON_BODY).encode()
+
+
+def test_body_can_be_set(json_app: Sanic):
+    new_body = b'{"hello":"world"}'
+
+    @json_app.on_response
+    def set_body(request: Request, response: JSONResponse):
+        response.body = new_body
+
+    _, resp = json_app.test_client.get("/json")
+    assert resp.body == new_body
+
+
+def test_raw_body_can_be_retrieved(json_app: Sanic):
+    @json_app.on_response
+    def check_body(request: Request, response: JSONResponse):
+        assert response.raw_body == JSON_BODY
+
+    json_app.test_client.get("/json")
+
+
+def test_raw_body_can_be_set(json_app: Sanic):
+    new_body = {"hello": "world"}
+
+    @json_app.on_response
+    def set_body(request: Request, response: JSONResponse):
+        response.raw_body = new_body
+        assert response.raw_body == new_body
+        assert response.body == json_dumps(new_body).encode()
+
+    json_app.test_client.get("/json")
+
+
+def test_raw_body_cant_be_retrieved_after_body_set(json_app: Sanic):
+    new_body = b'{"hello":"world"}'
+
+    @json_app.on_response
+    def check_raw_body(request: Request, response: JSONResponse):
+        response.body = new_body
+        with pytest.raises(SanicException):
+            response.raw_body
+
+    json_app.test_client.get("/json")
+
+
+def test_raw_body_can_be_reset_after_body_set(json_app: Sanic):
+    new_body = b'{"hello":"world"}'
+    new_new_body = {"lorem": "ipsum"}
+
+    @json_app.on_response
+    def set_bodies(request: Request, response: JSONResponse):
+        response.body = new_body
+        response.raw_body = new_new_body
+
+    _, resp = json_app.test_client.get("/json")
+    assert resp.body == json_dumps(new_new_body).encode()
+
+
+def test_set_body_method(json_app: Sanic):
+    new_body = {"lorem": "ipsum"}
+
+    @json_app.on_response
+    def set_body(request: Request, response: JSONResponse):
+        response.set_body(new_body)
+
+    _, resp = json_app.test_client.get("/json")
+    assert resp.body == json_dumps(new_body).encode()
+
+
+def test_set_body_method_after_body_set(json_app: Sanic):
+    new_body = b'{"hello":"world"}'
+    new_new_body = {"lorem": "ipsum"}
+
+    @json_app.on_response
+    def set_body(request: Request, response: JSONResponse):
+        response.body = new_body
+        response.set_body(new_new_body)
+
+    _, resp = json_app.test_client.get("/json")
+    assert resp.body == json_dumps(new_new_body).encode()
+
+
+def test_custom_dumps_and_kwargs(json_app: Sanic):
+    custom_dumps = Mock(return_value="custom")
+
+    @json_app.get("/json-custom")
+    async def handle_custom(request: Request):
+        return json_response(JSON_BODY, dumps=custom_dumps, prry="platypus")
+
+    _, resp = json_app.test_client.get("/json-custom")
+    assert resp.body == "custom".encode()
+    custom_dumps.assert_called_once_with(JSON_BODY, prry="platypus")
+
+
+def test_override_dumps_and_kwargs(json_app: Sanic):
+    custom_dumps_1 = Mock(return_value="custom1")
+    custom_dumps_2 = Mock(return_value="custom2")
+
+    @json_app.get("/json-custom")
+    async def handle_custom(request: Request):
+        return json_response(JSON_BODY, dumps=custom_dumps_1, prry="platypus")
+
+    @json_app.on_response
+    def set_body(request: Request, response: JSONResponse):
+        response.set_body(JSON_BODY, dumps=custom_dumps_2, platypus="prry")
+
+    _, resp = json_app.test_client.get("/json-custom")
+
+    assert resp.body == "custom2".encode()
+    custom_dumps_1.assert_called_once_with(JSON_BODY, prry="platypus")
+    custom_dumps_2.assert_called_once_with(JSON_BODY, platypus="prry")
+
+
+def test_append(json_app: Sanic):
+    @json_app.get("/json-append")
+    async def handler_append(request: Request):
+        return json_response(["a", "b"], status=200)
+
+    @json_app.on_response
+    def do_append(request: Request, response: JSONResponse):
+        response.append("c")
+
+    _, resp = json_app.test_client.get("/json-append")
+    assert resp.body == json_dumps(["a", "b", "c"]).encode()
+
+
+def test_extend(json_app: Sanic):
+    @json_app.get("/json-extend")
+    async def handler_extend(request: Request):
+        return json_response(["a", "b"], status=200)
+
+    @json_app.on_response
+    def do_extend(request: Request, response: JSONResponse):
+        response.extend(["c", "d"])
+
+    _, resp = json_app.test_client.get("/json-extend")
+    assert resp.body == json_dumps(["a", "b", "c", "d"]).encode()
+
+
+def test_update(json_app: Sanic):
+    @json_app.get("/json-update")
+    async def handler_update(request: Request):
+        return json_response({"a": "b"}, status=200)
+
+    @json_app.on_response
+    def do_update(request: Request, response: JSONResponse):
+        response.update({"c": "d"}, e="f")
+
+    _, resp = json_app.test_client.get("/json-update")
+    assert resp.body == json_dumps({"a": "b", "c": "d", "e": "f"}).encode()
+
+
+def test_pop_dict(json_app: Sanic):
+    @json_app.get("/json-pop")
+    async def handler_pop(request: Request):
+        return json_response({"a": "b", "c": "d"}, status=200)
+
+    @json_app.on_response
+    def do_pop(request: Request, response: JSONResponse):
+        val = response.pop("c")
+        assert val == "d"
+
+        val_default = response.pop("e", "f")
+        assert val_default == "f"
+
+    _, resp = json_app.test_client.get("/json-pop")
+    assert resp.body == json_dumps({"a": "b"}).encode()
+
+
+def test_pop_list(json_app: Sanic):
+    @json_app.get("/json-pop")
+    async def handler_pop(request: Request):
+        return json_response(["a", "b"], status=200)
+
+    @json_app.on_response
+    def do_pop(request: Request, response: JSONResponse):
+        val = response.pop(0)
+        assert val == "a"
+
+        with pytest.raises(
+            TypeError, match="pop doesn't accept a default argument for lists"
+        ):
+            response.pop(21, "nah nah")
+
+    _, resp = json_app.test_client.get("/json-pop")
+    assert resp.body == json_dumps(["b"]).encode()
+
+
+def test_json_response_class_sets_proper_content_type(json_app: Sanic):
+    @json_app.get("/json-class")
+    async def handler(request: Request):
+        return JSONResponse(JSON_BODY)
+
+    _, resp = json_app.test_client.get("/json-class")
+    assert resp.headers["content-type"] == "application/json"

tests/test_routes.py

@@ -803,6 +803,21 @@ def test_static_add_route(app, strict_slashes):
     assert response.text == "OK2"
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("unquote", [True, False, None])
+def test_unquote_add_route(app, unquote):
+    async def handler1(_, foo):
+        return text(foo)
+
+    app.add_route(handler1, "/<foo>", unquote=unquote)
+    value = "啊" if unquote else r"%E5%95%8A"
+
+    _, response = app.test_client.get("/啊")
+    assert response.text == value
+
+    _, response = app.test_client.get(r"/%E5%95%8A")
+    assert response.text == value
+
+
 def test_dynamic_add_route(app):
 
     results = []

tests/test_signals.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import pytest
 
 from sanic_routing.exceptions import NotFound
 
-from sanic import Blueprint
+from sanic import Blueprint, Sanic, empty
 from sanic.exceptions import InvalidSignal, SanicException
 
 
@@ -20,6 +20,31 @@ def test_add_signal(app):
     assert len(app.signal_router.routes) == 1
 
 
+def test_add_signal_method_handler(app):
+    counter = 0
+
+    class TestSanic(Sanic):
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+            self.add_signal(
+                self.after_routing_signal_handler, "http.routing.after"
+            )
+
+        def after_routing_signal_handler(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            nonlocal counter
+            counter += 1
+
+    app = TestSanic("Test")
+    assert len(app.signal_router.routes) == 1
+
+    @app.route("/")
+    async def handler(_):
+        return empty()
+
+    app.test_client.get("/")
+    assert counter == 1
+
+
 def test_add_signal_decorator(app):
     @app.signal("foo.bar.baz")
     def sync_signal(*_):
@@ -289,10 +314,10 @@ async def test_dispatch_signal_triggers_event_on_bp(app):
     waiter = bp.event("foo.bar.baz")
     assert isawaitable(waiter)
 
-    fut = asyncio.ensure_future(do_wait())
+    fut = do_wait()
     for signal in signal_group:
         signal.ctx.event.set()
-    await fut
+    await asyncio.gather(fut)
 
     assert bp_counter == 1
 

tests/test_static.py

@@ -503,9 +503,10 @@ def test_stack_trace_on_not_found(app, static_file_directory, caplog):
     counter = Counter([(r[0], r[1]) for r in caplog.record_tuples])
 
     assert response.status == 404
-    assert counter[("sanic.root", logging.INFO)] == 11
+    assert counter[("sanic.root", logging.INFO)] == 9
     assert counter[("sanic.root", logging.ERROR)] == 0
     assert counter[("sanic.error", logging.ERROR)] == 0
+    assert counter[("sanic.server", logging.INFO)] == 2
 
 
 def test_no_stack_trace_on_not_found(app, static_file_directory, caplog):
@@ -521,9 +522,10 @@ def test_no_stack_trace_on_not_found(app, static_file_directory, caplog):
     counter = Counter([(r[0], r[1]) for r in caplog.record_tuples])
 
     assert response.status == 404
-    assert counter[("sanic.root", logging.INFO)] == 11
+    assert counter[("sanic.root", logging.INFO)] == 9
     assert counter[("sanic.root", logging.ERROR)] == 0
     assert counter[("sanic.error", logging.ERROR)] == 0
+    assert counter[("sanic.server", logging.INFO)] == 2
     assert response.text == "No file: /static/non_existing_file.file"
 
 

tests/test_tls.py

@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@ import logging
 import os
 import ssl
 import subprocess
+import sys
 
 from contextlib import contextmanager
+from multiprocessing import Event
 from pathlib import Path
 from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
@@ -16,6 +18,7 @@ import sanic.http.tls.creators
 
 from sanic import Sanic
 from sanic.application.constants import Mode
+from sanic.compat import use_context
 from sanic.constants import LocalCertCreator
 from sanic.exceptions import SanicException
 from sanic.helpers import _default
@@ -264,6 +267,7 @@ def test_cert_sni_list(app):
         assert response.text == "sanic.example"
 
 
+@pytest.mark.xfail
 def test_missing_sni(app):
     """The sanic cert does not list 127.0.0.1 and httpx does not send
     IP as SNI anyway."""
@@ -282,6 +286,7 @@ def test_missing_sni(app):
     assert "Request and response object expected" in str(exc.value)
 
 
+@pytest.mark.xfail
 def test_no_matching_cert(app):
     """The sanic cert does not list 127.0.0.1 and httpx does not send
     IP as SNI anyway."""
@@ -301,6 +306,7 @@ def test_no_matching_cert(app):
     assert "Request and response object expected" in str(exc.value)
 
 
+@pytest.mark.xfail
 def test_wildcards(app):
     ssl_list = [None, localhost_dir, sanic_dir]
 
@@ -422,7 +428,12 @@ def test_logger_vhosts(caplog):
         app.stop()
 
     with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
-        app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=42102, ssl=[localhost_dir, sanic_dir])
+        app.run(
+            host="127.0.0.1",
+            port=42102,
+            ssl=[localhost_dir, sanic_dir],
+            single_process=True,
+        )
 
     logmsg = [
         m for s, l, m in caplog.record_tuples if m.startswith("Certificate")
@@ -636,3 +647,34 @@ def test_sanic_ssl_context_create():
 
     assert sanic_context is context
     assert isinstance(sanic_context, SanicSSLContext)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    sys.platform not in ("linux", "darwin"),
+    reason="This test requires fork context",
+)
+def test_ssl_in_multiprocess_mode(app: Sanic, caplog):
+
+    ssl_dict = {"cert": localhost_cert, "key": localhost_key}
+    event = Event()
+
+    @app.main_process_start
+    async def main_start(app: Sanic):
+        app.shared_ctx.event = event
+
+    @app.after_server_start
+    async def shutdown(app):
+        app.shared_ctx.event.set()
+        app.stop()
+
+    assert not event.is_set()
+    with use_context("fork"):
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
+            app.run(ssl=ssl_dict)
+    assert event.is_set()
+
+    assert (
+        "sanic.root",
+        logging.INFO,
+        "Goin' Fast @ https://127.0.0.1:8000",
+    ) in caplog.record_tuples

tests/test_unix_socket.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 # import asyncio
 import logging
 import os
+import sys
 
-from asyncio import AbstractEventLoop
+from asyncio import AbstractEventLoop, sleep
 from string import ascii_lowercase
 
 import httpcore
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ import pytest
 from pytest import LogCaptureFixture
 
 from sanic import Sanic
+from sanic.compat import use_context
 from sanic.request import Request
 from sanic.response import text
 
@@ -174,19 +176,27 @@ def handler(request: Request):
 
 async def client(app: Sanic, loop: AbstractEventLoop):
     try:
-        async with httpx.AsyncClient(uds=SOCKPATH) as client:
+
+        transport = httpx.AsyncHTTPTransport(uds=SOCKPATH)
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(transport=transport) as client:
             r = await client.get("http://myhost.invalid/")
             assert r.status_code == 200
             assert r.text == os.path.abspath(SOCKPATH)
     finally:
+        await sleep(0.2)
         app.stop()
 
 
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    sys.platform not in ("linux", "darwin"),
+    reason="This test requires fork context",
+)
 def test_unix_connection_multiple_workers():
-    app_multi = Sanic(name="test")
+    with use_context("fork"):
-    app_multi.get("/")(handler)
+        app_multi = Sanic(name="test")
-    app_multi.listener("after_server_start")(client)
+        app_multi.get("/")(handler)
-    app_multi.run(host="myhost.invalid", unix=SOCKPATH, workers=2)
+        app_multi.listener("after_server_start")(client)
+        app_multi.run(host="myhost.invalid", unix=SOCKPATH, workers=2)
 
 
 # @pytest.mark.xfail(

tests/test_ws_handlers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+from typing import Any, Callable, Coroutine
+
+import pytest
+
+from websockets.client import WebSocketClientProtocol
+
+from sanic import Request, Sanic, Websocket
+
+
+MimicClientType = Callable[
+    [WebSocketClientProtocol], Coroutine[None, None, Any]
+]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def simple_ws_mimic_client():
+    async def client_mimic(ws: WebSocketClientProtocol):
+        await ws.send("test 1")
+        await ws.recv()
+        await ws.send("test 2")
+        await ws.recv()
+
+    return client_mimic
+
+
+def test_ws_handler(
+    app: Sanic,
+    simple_ws_mimic_client: MimicClientType,
+):
+    @app.websocket("/ws")
+    async def ws_echo_handler(request: Request, ws: Websocket):
+        while True:
+            msg = await ws.recv()
+            await ws.send(msg)
+
+    _, ws_proxy = app.test_client.websocket(
+        "/ws", mimic=simple_ws_mimic_client
+    )
+    assert ws_proxy.client_sent == ["test 1", "test 2", ""]
+    assert ws_proxy.client_received == ["test 1", "test 2"]
+
+
+def test_ws_handler_async_for(
+    app: Sanic,
+    simple_ws_mimic_client: MimicClientType,
+):
+    @app.websocket("/ws")
+    async def ws_echo_handler(request: Request, ws: Websocket):
+        async for msg in ws:
+            await ws.send(msg)
+
+    _, ws_proxy = app.test_client.websocket(
+        "/ws", mimic=simple_ws_mimic_client
+    )
+    assert ws_proxy.client_sent == ["test 1", "test 2", ""]
+    assert ws_proxy.client_received == ["test 1", "test 2"]

tests/worker/test_inspector.py

@@ -1,14 +1,20 @@
-import json
+try:  # no cov
+    from ujson import dumps
+except ModuleNotFoundError:  # no cov
+    from json import dumps  # type: ignore
 
 from datetime import datetime
-from logging import ERROR, INFO
-from socket import AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, timeout
 from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
+from urllib.error import URLError
 
 import pytest
 
+from sanic_testing import TestManager
+
+from sanic.cli.inspector_client import InspectorClient
+from sanic.helpers import Default
 from sanic.log import Colors
-from sanic.worker.inspector import Inspector, inspect
+from sanic.worker.inspector import Inspector
 
 
 DATA = {
@@ -20,121 +26,90 @@ DATA = {
     },
     "workers": {"Worker-Name": {"some": "state"}},
 }
-SERIALIZED = json.dumps(DATA)
+FULL_SERIALIZED = dumps({"result": DATA})
+OUT_SERIALIZED = dumps(DATA)
 
 
-def test_inspector_stop():
+class FooInspector(Inspector):
-    inspector = Inspector(Mock(), {}, {}, "", 1)
+    async def foo(self, bar):
-    assert inspector.run is True
+        return f"bar is {bar}"
-    inspector.stop()
-    assert inspector.run is False
 
 
-@patch("sanic.worker.inspector.sys.stdout.write")
+@pytest.fixture
-@patch("sanic.worker.inspector.socket")
+def publisher():
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("command", ("foo", "raw", "pretty"))
+    publisher = Mock()
-def test_send_inspect(socket: Mock, write: Mock, command: str):
+    return publisher
-    socket.return_value = socket
-    socket.__enter__.return_value = socket
-    socket.recv.return_value = SERIALIZED.encode()
-    inspect("localhost", 9999, command)
-
-    socket.sendall.assert_called_once_with(command.encode())
-    socket.recv.assert_called_once_with(4096)
-    socket.connect.assert_called_once_with(("localhost", 9999))
-    socket.assert_called_once_with(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
-
-    if command == "raw":
-        write.assert_called_once_with(SERIALIZED)
-    elif command == "pretty":
-        write.assert_called()
-    else:
-        write.assert_not_called()
 
 
-@patch("sanic.worker.inspector.sys")
+@pytest.fixture
-@patch("sanic.worker.inspector.socket")
+def inspector(publisher):
-def test_send_inspect_conn_refused(socket: Mock, sys: Mock, caplog):
+    inspector = FooInspector(
-    with caplog.at_level(INFO):
+        publisher, {}, {}, "localhost", 9999, "", Default(), Default()
-        socket.return_value = socket
+    )
-        socket.__enter__.return_value = socket
+    inspector(False)
-        socket.connect.side_effect = ConnectionRefusedError()
+    return inspector
-        inspect("localhost", 9999, "foo")
 
-        socket.close.assert_called_once()
+
-        sys.exit.assert_called_once_with(1)
+@pytest.fixture
+def http_client(inspector):
+    manager = TestManager(inspector.app)
+    return manager.test_client
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("command", ("info",))
+@patch("sanic.cli.inspector_client.sys.stdout.write")
+def test_send_inspect(write, urlopen, command: str):
+    urlopen.read.return_value = FULL_SERIALIZED.encode()
+    InspectorClient("localhost", 9999, False, False, None).do(command)
+    write.assert_called()
+    write.reset_mock()
+    InspectorClient("localhost", 9999, False, True, None).do(command)
+    write.assert_called_with(OUT_SERIALIZED + "\n")
+
+
+@patch("sanic.cli.inspector_client.sys")
+def test_send_inspect_conn_refused(sys: Mock, urlopen):
+    urlopen.side_effect = URLError("")
+    InspectorClient("localhost", 9999, False, False, None).do("info")
 
     message = (
         f"{Colors.RED}Could not connect to inspector at: "
-        f"{Colors.YELLOW}('localhost', 9999){Colors.END}\n"
+        f"{Colors.YELLOW}http://localhost:9999{Colors.END}\n"
         "Either the application is not running, or it did not start "
-        "an inspector instance."
+        "an inspector instance.\n<urlopen error >\n"
     )
-    assert ("sanic.error", ERROR, message) in caplog.record_tuples
+    sys.exit.assert_called_once_with(1)
+    sys.stderr.write.assert_called_once_with(message)
 
 
-@patch("sanic.worker.inspector.configure_socket")
+def test_run_inspector_reload(publisher, http_client):
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("action", (b"reload", b"shutdown", b"foo"))
+    _, response = http_client.post("/reload")
-def test_run_inspector(configure_socket: Mock, action: bytes):
+    assert response.status == 200
-    sock = Mock()
+    publisher.send.assert_called_once_with("__ALL_PROCESSES__:")
-    conn = Mock()
-    conn.recv.return_value = action
-    configure_socket.return_value = sock
-    inspector = Inspector(Mock(), {}, {}, "localhost", 9999)
-    inspector.reload = Mock()  # type: ignore
-    inspector.shutdown = Mock()  # type: ignore
-    inspector.state_to_json = Mock(return_value="foo")  # type: ignore
-
-    def accept():
-        inspector.run = False
-        return conn, ...
-
-    sock.accept = accept
-
-    inspector()
-
-    configure_socket.assert_called_once_with(
-        {"host": "localhost", "port": 9999, "unix": None, "backlog": 1}
-    )
-    conn.recv.assert_called_with(64)
-
-    if action == b"reload":
-        conn.send.assert_called_with(b"\n")
-        inspector.reload.assert_called()
-        inspector.shutdown.assert_not_called()
-        inspector.state_to_json.assert_not_called()
-    elif action == b"shutdown":
-        conn.send.assert_called_with(b"\n")
-        inspector.reload.assert_not_called()
-        inspector.shutdown.assert_called()
-        inspector.state_to_json.assert_not_called()
-    else:
-        conn.send.assert_called_with(b'"foo"')
-        inspector.reload.assert_not_called()
-        inspector.shutdown.assert_not_called()
-        inspector.state_to_json.assert_called()
 
 
-@patch("sanic.worker.inspector.configure_socket")
+def test_run_inspector_reload_zero_downtime(publisher, http_client):
-def test_accept_timeout(configure_socket: Mock):
+    _, response = http_client.post("/reload", json={"zero_downtime": True})
-    sock = Mock()
+    assert response.status == 200
-    configure_socket.return_value = sock
+    publisher.send.assert_called_once_with("__ALL_PROCESSES__::STARTUP_FIRST")
-    inspector = Inspector(Mock(), {}, {}, "localhost", 9999)
-    inspector.reload = Mock()  # type: ignore
-    inspector.shutdown = Mock()  # type: ignore
-    inspector.state_to_json = Mock(return_value="foo")  # type: ignore
 
-    def accept():
-        inspector.run = False
-        raise timeout
 
-    sock.accept = accept
+def test_run_inspector_shutdown(publisher, http_client):
+    _, response = http_client.post("/shutdown")
+    assert response.status == 200
+    publisher.send.assert_called_once_with("__TERMINATE__")
 
-    inspector()
 
-    inspector.reload.assert_not_called()
+def test_run_inspector_scale(publisher, http_client):
-    inspector.shutdown.assert_not_called()
+    _, response = http_client.post("/scale", json={"replicas": 4})
-    inspector.state_to_json.assert_not_called()
+    assert response.status == 200
+    publisher.send.assert_called_once_with("__SCALE__:4")
+
+
+def test_run_inspector_arbitrary(http_client):
+    _, response = http_client.post("/foo", json={"bar": 99})
+    assert response.status == 200
+    assert response.json == {"meta": {"action": "foo"}, "result": "bar is 99"}
 
 
 def test_state_to_json():
@@ -142,8 +117,10 @@ def test_state_to_json():
     now_iso = now.isoformat()
     app_info = {"app": "hello"}
     worker_state = {"Test": {"now": now, "nested": {"foo": now}}}
-    inspector = Inspector(Mock(), app_info, worker_state, "", 0)
+    inspector = Inspector(
-    state = inspector.state_to_json()
+        Mock(), app_info, worker_state, "", 0, "", Default(), Default()
+    )
+    state = inspector._state_to_json()
 
     assert state == {
         "info": app_info,
@@ -151,17 +128,14 @@ def test_state_to_json():
     }
 
 
-def test_reload():
+def test_run_inspector_authentication():
-    publisher = Mock()
+    inspector = Inspector(
-    inspector = Inspector(publisher, {}, {}, "", 0)
+        Mock(), {}, {}, "", 0, "super-secret", Default(), Default()
-    inspector.reload()
+    )(False)
-
+    manager = TestManager(inspector.app)
-    publisher.send.assert_called_once_with("__ALL_PROCESSES__:")
+    _, response = manager.test_client.get("/")
-
+    assert response.status == 401
-
+    _, response = manager.test_client.get(
-def test_shutdown():
+        "/", headers={"Authorization": "Bearer super-secret"}
-    publisher = Mock()
+    )
-    inspector = Inspector(publisher, {}, {}, "", 0)
+    assert response.status == 200
-    inspector.shutdown()
-
-    publisher.send.assert_called_once_with("__TERMINATE__")

tests/worker/test_loader.py

@@ -86,6 +86,10 @@ def test_input_is_module():
 @patch("sanic.worker.loader.TrustmeCreator")
 @patch("sanic.worker.loader.MkcertCreator")
 def test_cert_loader(MkcertCreator: Mock, TrustmeCreator: Mock, creator: str):
+    CertLoader._creators = {
+        "mkcert": MkcertCreator,
+        "trustme": TrustmeCreator,
+    }
     MkcertCreator.return_value = MkcertCreator
     TrustmeCreator.return_value = TrustmeCreator
     data = {