Remove unused import

Co-authored-by: Adam Hopkins <adam@amhopkins.com>

.coveragerc

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ source = sanic
 omit =
     site-packages
     sanic/__main__.py
+    sanic/server/legacy.py
     sanic/compat.py
-    sanic/reloader_helpers.py
     sanic/simple.py
     sanic/utils.py
     sanic/cli
@@ -21,12 +21,4 @@ exclude_lines =
     NOQA
     pragma: no cover
     TYPE_CHECKING
-omit =
-    site-packages
-    sanic/__main__.py
-    sanic/compat.py
-    sanic/reloader_helpers.py
-    sanic/simple.py
-    sanic/utils.py
-    sanic/cli
 skip_empty = True

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug-report.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+name: 🐞 Bug report
+description: Create a report to help us improve
+labels: ["bug", "triage"]
+body:
+  - type: checkboxes
+    id: existing
+    attributes:
+      label: Is there an existing issue for this?
+      description: Please search to see if an issue already exists for the bug you encountered.
+      options:
+      - label: I have searched the existing issues
+        required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: description
+    attributes:
+      label: Describe the bug
+      description: A clear and concise description of what the bug is, make sure to paste any exceptions and tracebacks using markdown code-block syntax to make it easier to read.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: code
+    attributes:
+      label: Code snippet
+      description: Relevant source code, make sure to remove what is not necessary.
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: expected
+    attributes:
+      label: Expected Behavior
+      description: A concise description of what you expected to happen.
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: dropdown
+    id: running
+    attributes:
+      label: How do you run Sanic?
+      options:
+        - Sanic CLI
+        - As a module
+        - As a script (`app.run` or `Sanic.serve`)
+        - ASGI
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: input
+    id: os
+    attributes:
+      label: Operating System
+      description: What OS?
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: input
+    id: version
+    attributes:
+      label: Sanic Version
+      description: Check startup logs or try `sanic --version`
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: additional
+    attributes:
+      label: Additional context
+      description: Add any other context about the problem here.
+    validations:
+      required: false
+

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
----
-name: Bug report
-about: Create a report to help us improve
-
----
-
-**Describe the bug**
-A clear and concise description of what the bug is, make sure to paste any exceptions and tracebacks.
-
-
-**Code snippet**
-Relevant source code, make sure to remove what is not necessary.
-
-
-**Expected behavior**
-A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen.
-
-
-**Environment (please complete the following information):**
- - OS: [e.g. iOS]
- - Version [e.g. 0.8.3]
-
-
-**Additional context**
-Add any other context about the problem here.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
-blank_issues_enabled: true
+blank_issues_enabled: false
 contact_links:
   - name: Questions and Help
     url: https://community.sanicframework.org/c/questions-and-help
     about: Do you need help with Sanic? Ask your questions here.
+  - name: Discussion and Support
+    url: https://discord.gg/FARQzAEMAA
+    about: For live discussion and support, checkout the Sanic Discord server.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature-request.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+name: 🌟 Feature request
+description: Suggest an enhancement for Sanic
+labels: ["feature request"]
+body:
+  - type: checkboxes
+    id: existing
+    attributes:
+      label: Is there an existing issue for this?
+      description: Please search to see if an issue already exists for the enhancement you are proposing.
+      options:
+      - label: I have searched the existing issues
+        required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: description
+    attributes:
+      label: Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
+      description: A clear and concise description of what the problem is. Ex. I'm always frustrated when [...]
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: code
+    attributes:
+      label: Describe the solution you'd like
+      description: A clear and concise description of what you want to happen.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: additional
+    attributes:
+      label: Additional context
+      description: Add any other context about the problem here.
+    validations:
+      required: false
+

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
----
-name: Feature request
-about: Suggest an idea for Sanic
-
----
-
-**Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.**
-A clear and concise description of what the problem is. Ex. I'm always frustrated when [...]
-
-
-**Describe the solution you'd like**
-A clear and concise description of what you want to happen.
-
-
-**Additional context**
-Add any other context or sample code about the feature request here.

CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ further defined and clarified by project maintainers.
 ## Enforcement
 
 Instances of abusive, harassing, or otherwise unacceptable behavior may be
-reported by contacting the project team at sanic-maintainers@googlegroups.com. All
+reported by contacting the project team at adam@sanicframework.org. All
 complaints will be reviewed and investigated and will result in a response that
 is deemed necessary and appropriate to the circumstances. The project team is
 obligated to maintain confidentiality with regard to the reporter of an incident.

CONTRIBUTING.rst

@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ To execute only unittests, run ``tox`` with environment like so:
 
 .. code-block:: bash
 
-   tox -e py36 -v -- tests/test_config.py
-   # or
    tox -e py37 -v -- tests/test_config.py
+   # or
+   tox -e py310 -v -- tests/test_config.py
 
 Run lint checks
 ---------------

README.rst

@@ -102,9 +102,6 @@ Installation
   If you are running on a clean install of Fedora 28 or above, please make sure you have the ``redhat-rpm-config`` package installed in case if you want to
   use ``sanic`` with ``ujson`` dependency.
 
-.. note::
-
-  Windows support is currently "experimental" and on a best-effort basis. Multiple workers are also not currently supported on Windows (see `Issue #1517 <https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/issues/1517>`_), but setting ``workers=1`` should launch the server successfully.
 
 Hello World Example
 -------------------

SECURITY.md

@@ -4,31 +4,41 @@
 
 Sanic releases long term support release once a year in December. LTS releases receive bug and security updates for **24 months**. Interim releases throughout the year occur every three months, and are supported until the subsequent interim release.
 
-| Version | LTS           | Supported          |
-| ------- | ------------- | ------------------ |
-| 20.12   | until 2022-12 | :heavy_check_mark: |
-| 20.9    |               | :x:                |
-| 20.6    |               | :x:                |
-| 20.3    |               | :x:                |
-| 19.12   | until 2021-12 | :white_check_mark: |
-| 19.9    |               | :x:                |
-| 19.6    |               | :x:                |
-| 19.3    |               | :x:                |
-| 18.12   |               | :x:                |
-| 0.8.3   |               | :x:                |
-| 0.7.0   |               | :x:                |
-| 0.6.0   |               | :x:                |
-| 0.5.4   |               | :x:                |
-| 0.4.1   |               | :x:                |
-| 0.3.1   |               | :x:                |
-| 0.2.0   |               | :x:                |
-| 0.1.9   |               | :x:                |
 
-:white_check_mark: = security/bug fixes
-:heavy_check_mark: = full support
+| Version | LTS           | Supported               |
+| ------- | ------------- | ----------------------- |
+| 22.9    |               | :white_check_mark:      |
+| 22.6    |               | :x:                     |
+| 22.3    |               | :x:                     |
+| 21.12   | until 2023-12 | :white_check_mark:      |
+| 21.9    |               | :x:                     |
+| 21.6    |               | :x:                     |
+| 21.3    |               | :x:                     |
+| 20.12   | until 2022-12 | :ballot_box_with_check: |
+| 20.9    |               | :x:                     |
+| 20.6    |               | :x:                     |
+| 20.3    |               | :x:                     |
+| 19.12   |               | :x:                     |
+| 19.9    |               | :x:                     |
+| 19.6    |               | :x:                     |
+| 19.3    |               | :x:                     |
+| 18.12   |               | :x:                     |
+| 0.8.3   |               | :x:                     |
+| 0.7.0   |               | :x:                     |
+| 0.6.0   |               | :x:                     |
+| 0.5.4   |               | :x:                     |
+| 0.4.1   |               | :x:                     |
+| 0.3.1   |               | :x:                     |
+| 0.2.0   |               | :x:                     |
+| 0.1.9   |               | :x:                     |
+
+:ballot_box_with_check: = security/bug fixes 
+:white_check_mark: = full support
 
 ## Reporting a Vulnerability
 
 If you discover a security vulnerability, we ask that you **do not** create an issue on GitHub. Instead, please [send a message to the core-devs](https://community.sanicframework.org/g/core-devs) on the community forums. Once logged in, you can send a message to the core-devs by clicking the message button.
 
+Alternatively, you can send a private message to Adam Hopkins on Discord. Find him on the [Sanic discord server](https://discord.gg/FARQzAEMAA).
+
 This will help to not publicize the issue until the team can address it and resolve it.

codecov.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ coverage:
       default:
         target: auto
         threshold: 0.75
+        informational: true
     project:
       default:
         target: auto
@@ -14,7 +15,6 @@ codecov:
 ignore:
   - "sanic/__main__.py"
   - "sanic/compat.py"
-  - "sanic/reloader_helpers.py"
   - "sanic/simple.py"
   - "sanic/utils.py"
   - "sanic/cli"

docs/_static/custom.css

@@ -2,3 +2,12 @@
 .wy-nav-top {
   background: #444444;
 }
+
+#changelog section {
+  padding-left: 3rem;
+}
+
+#changelog section h2,
+#changelog section h3 {
+  margin-left: -3rem;
+}

docs/sanic/changelog.rst

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 📜 Changelog
 ============
 
+.. mdinclude:: ./releases/22/22.9.md
 .. mdinclude:: ./releases/22/22.6.md
 .. mdinclude:: ./releases/22/22.3.md
 .. mdinclude:: ./releases/21/21.12.md

docs/sanic/releases/22/22.6.md

@@ -1,6 +1,17 @@
-## Version 22.6.0 🔶
+## Version 22.6.2
 
-_Current version_
+### Bugfixes
+
+- [#2522](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2522) Always show server location in ASGI
+
+## Version 22.6.1
+
+### Bugfixes
+
+- [#2477](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2477) Sanic static directory fails when folder name ends with ".."
+
+
+## Version 22.6.0
 
 ### Features
 - [#2378](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2378) Introduce HTTP/3 and autogeneration of TLS certificates in `DEBUG` mode

docs/sanic/releases/22/22.9.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+## Version 22.9.0 🔶
+
+_Current version_
+
+### Features
+
+- [#2445](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2445) Add custom loads function 
+- [#2490](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2490) Make `WebsocketImplProtocol` async iterable
+- [#2499](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2499) Sanic Server WorkerManager refactor
+- [#2506](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2506) Use `pathlib` for path resolution (for static file serving)
+- [#2508](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2508) Use `path.parts` instead of `match` (for static file serving)
+- [#2513](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2513) Better request cancel handling
+- [#2516](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2516) Add request properties for HTTP method info:
+    - `request.is_safe`
+    - `request.is_idempotent`
+    - `request.is_cacheable`
+    - *See* [MDN docs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Methods) *for more information about when these apply*
+- [#2522](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2522) Always show server location in ASGI
+- [#2526](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2526) Cache control support for static files for returning 304 when appropriate
+- [#2533](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2533) Refactor `_static_request_handler`
+- [#2540](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2540) Add signals before and after handler execution
+    - `http.handler.before`
+    - `http.handler.after`
+- [#2542](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2542) Add *[redacted]* to CLI :)
+- [#2546](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2546) Add deprecation warning filter
+- [#2550](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2550) Middleware priority and performance enhancements
+
+### Bugfixes
+
+- [#2495](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2495) Prevent directory traversion with static files
+- [#2515](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2515) Do not apply double slash to paths in certain static dirs in Blueprints
+
+### Deprecations and Removals
+
+- [#2525](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2525) Warn on duplicate route names, will be prevented outright in v23.3
+- [#2537](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2537) Raise warning and deprecation notice on duplicate exceptions, will be prevented outright in v23.3
+
+### Developer infrastructure
+
+- [#2504](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2504) Cleanup test suite
+- [#2505](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2505) Replace Unsupported Python Version Number from the Contributing Doc
+- [#2530](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2530) Do not include tests folder in installed package resolver
+
+### Improved Documentation
+
+- [#2502](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2502) Fix a few typos
+- [#2517](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2517) [#2536](https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2536) Add some type hints

examples/unix_socket.py

@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-import os
-import socket
-
 from sanic import Sanic, response
 
 
@@ -13,13 +10,4 @@ async def test(request):
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    server_address = "./uds_socket"
-    # Make sure the socket does not already exist
-    try:
-        os.unlink(server_address)
-    except OSError:
-        if os.path.exists(server_address):
-            raise
-    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-    sock.bind(server_address)
-    app.run(sock=sock)
+    app.run(unix="./uds_socket")

sanic/__init__.py

@@ -3,7 +3,15 @@ from sanic.app import Sanic
 from sanic.blueprints import Blueprint
 from sanic.constants import HTTPMethod
 from sanic.request import Request
-from sanic.response import HTTPResponse, html, json, text
+from sanic.response import (
+    HTTPResponse,
+    empty,
+    file,
+    html,
+    json,
+    redirect,
+    text,
+)
 from sanic.server.websockets.impl import WebsocketImplProtocol as Websocket
 
 
@@ -15,7 +23,10 @@ __all__ = (
     "HTTPResponse",
     "Request",
     "Websocket",
+    "empty",
+    "file",
     "html",
     "json",
+    "redirect",
     "text",
 )

sanic/__main__.py

@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ if OS_IS_WINDOWS:
     enable_windows_color_support()
 
 
-def main():
+def main(args=None):
     cli = SanicCLI()
     cli.attach()
-    cli.run()
+    cli.run(args)
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

sanic/__version__.py

@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = "22.6.0"
+__version__ = "22.12.0a0"

sanic/app.py

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ from collections import defaultdict, deque
 from contextlib import suppress
 from functools import partial
 from inspect import isawaitable
+from os import environ
 from socket import socket
 from traceback import format_exc
 from types import SimpleNamespace
@@ -41,13 +42,12 @@ from typing import (
     Union,
 )
 from urllib.parse import urlencode, urlunparse
-from warnings import filterwarnings
 
 from sanic_routing.exceptions import FinalizationError, NotFound
 from sanic_routing.route import Route
 
 from sanic.application.ext import setup_ext
-from sanic.application.state import ApplicationState, Mode, ServerStage
+from sanic.application.state import ApplicationState, ServerStage
 from sanic.asgi import ASGIApp
 from sanic.base.root import BaseSanic
 from sanic.blueprint_group import BlueprintGroup
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ from sanic.exceptions import (
     URLBuildError,
 )
 from sanic.handlers import ErrorHandler
-from sanic.helpers import _default
+from sanic.helpers import Default
 from sanic.http import Stage
 from sanic.log import (
     LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS,
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ from sanic.log import (
     logger,
 )
 from sanic.mixins.listeners import ListenerEvent
-from sanic.mixins.runner import RunnerMixin
+from sanic.mixins.startup import StartupMixin
 from sanic.models.futures import (
     FutureException,
     FutureListener,
@@ -88,6 +88,9 @@ from sanic.router import Router
 from sanic.server.websockets.impl import ConnectionClosed
 from sanic.signals import Signal, SignalRouter
 from sanic.touchup import TouchUp, TouchUpMeta
+from sanic.types.shared_ctx import SharedContext
+from sanic.worker.inspector import Inspector
+from sanic.worker.manager import WorkerManager
 
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -101,10 +104,8 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 if OS_IS_WINDOWS:  # no cov
     enable_windows_color_support()
 
-filterwarnings("once", category=DeprecationWarning)
 
-
-class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
+class Sanic(BaseSanic, StartupMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
     """
     The main application instance
     """
@@ -128,6 +129,8 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         "_future_routes",
         "_future_signals",
         "_future_statics",
+        "_inspector",
+        "_manager",
         "_state",
         "_task_registry",
         "_test_client",
@@ -139,12 +142,14 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         "error_handler",
         "go_fast",
         "listeners",
+        "multiplexer",
         "named_request_middleware",
         "named_response_middleware",
         "request_class",
         "request_middleware",
         "response_middleware",
         "router",
+        "shared_ctx",
         "signal_router",
         "sock",
         "strict_slashes",
@@ -153,7 +158,6 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
     )
 
     _app_registry: Dict[str, "Sanic"] = {}
-    _uvloop_setting = None  # TODO: Remove in v22.6
     test_mode = False
 
     def __init__(
@@ -171,9 +175,9 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         configure_logging: bool = True,
         dumps: Optional[Callable[..., AnyStr]] = None,
         loads: Optional[Callable[..., Any]] = None,
+        inspector: bool = False,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(name=name)
-
         # logging
         if configure_logging:
             dict_config = log_config or LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS
@@ -187,12 +191,16 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
 
         # First setup config
         self.config: Config = config or Config(env_prefix=env_prefix)
+        if inspector:
+            self.config.INSPECTOR = inspector
 
         # Then we can do the rest
         self._asgi_client: Any = None
         self._blueprint_order: List[Blueprint] = []
         self._delayed_tasks: List[str] = []
         self._future_registry: FutureRegistry = FutureRegistry()
+        self._inspector: Optional[Inspector] = None
+        self._manager: Optional[WorkerManager] = None
         self._state: ApplicationState = ApplicationState(app=self)
         self._task_registry: Dict[str, Task] = {}
         self._test_client: Any = None
@@ -210,6 +218,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         self.request_middleware: Deque[MiddlewareType] = deque()
         self.response_middleware: Deque[MiddlewareType] = deque()
         self.router: Router = router or Router()
+        self.shared_ctx: SharedContext = SharedContext()
         self.signal_router: SignalRouter = signal_router or SignalRouter()
         self.sock: Optional[socket] = None
         self.strict_slashes: bool = strict_slashes
@@ -243,7 +252,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
             )
         try:
             return get_running_loop()
-        except RuntimeError:
+        except RuntimeError:  # no cov
             if sys.version_info > (3, 10):
                 return asyncio.get_event_loop_policy().get_event_loop()
             else:
@@ -384,8 +393,8 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
             routes = [routes]
 
         for r in routes:
-            r.ctx.websocket = websocket
-            r.ctx.static = params.get("static", False)
+            r.extra.websocket = websocket
+            r.extra.static = params.get("static", False)
             r.ctx.__dict__.update(ctx)
 
         return routes
@@ -458,9 +467,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
 
     def blueprint(
         self,
-        blueprint: Union[
-            Blueprint, List[Blueprint], Tuple[Blueprint], BlueprintGroup
-        ],
+        blueprint: Union[Blueprint, Iterable[Blueprint], BlueprintGroup],
         **options: Any,
     ):
         """Register a blueprint on the application.
@@ -469,21 +476,20 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         :param options: option dictionary with blueprint defaults
         :return: Nothing
         """
-        if isinstance(blueprint, (list, tuple, BlueprintGroup)):
+        if isinstance(blueprint, (Iterable, BlueprintGroup)):
             for item in blueprint:
                 params = {**options}
                 if isinstance(blueprint, BlueprintGroup):
-                    if blueprint.url_prefix:
-                        merge_from = [
-                            options.get("url_prefix", ""),
-                            blueprint.url_prefix,
-                        ]
-                        if not isinstance(item, BlueprintGroup):
-                            merge_from.append(item.url_prefix or "")
-                        merged_prefix = "/".join(
-                            u.strip("/") for u in merge_from
-                        ).rstrip("/")
-                        params["url_prefix"] = f"/{merged_prefix}"
+                    merge_from = [
+                        options.get("url_prefix", ""),
+                        blueprint.url_prefix or "",
+                    ]
+                    if not isinstance(item, BlueprintGroup):
+                        merge_from.append(item.url_prefix or "")
+                    merged_prefix = "/".join(
+                        u.strip("/") for u in merge_from if u
+                    ).rstrip("/")
+                    params["url_prefix"] = f"/{merged_prefix}"
 
                     for _attr in ["version", "strict_slashes"]:
                         if getattr(item, _attr) is None:
@@ -581,7 +587,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
 
         uri = route.path
 
-        if getattr(route.ctx, "static", None):
+        if getattr(route.extra, "static", None):
             filename = kwargs.pop("filename", "")
             # it's static folder
             if "__file_uri__" in uri:
@@ -614,18 +620,18 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         host = kwargs.pop("_host", None)
         external = kwargs.pop("_external", False) or bool(host)
         scheme = kwargs.pop("_scheme", "")
-        if route.ctx.hosts and external:
-            if not host and len(route.ctx.hosts) > 1:
+        if route.extra.hosts and external:
+            if not host and len(route.extra.hosts) > 1:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    f"Host is ambiguous: {', '.join(route.ctx.hosts)}"
+                    f"Host is ambiguous: {', '.join(route.extra.hosts)}"
                 )
-            elif host and host not in route.ctx.hosts:
+            elif host and host not in route.extra.hosts:
                 raise ValueError(
                     f"Requested host ({host}) is not available for this "
-                    f"route: {route.ctx.hosts}"
+                    f"route: {route.extra.hosts}"
                 )
             elif not host:
-                host = list(route.ctx.hosts)[0]
+                host = list(route.extra.hosts)[0]
 
         if scheme and not external:
             raise ValueError("When specifying _scheme, _external must be True")
@@ -701,7 +707,10 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
     # -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
 
     async def handle_exception(
-        self, request: Request, exception: BaseException
+        self,
+        request: Request,
+        exception: BaseException,
+        run_middleware: bool = True,
     ):  # no cov
         """
         A handler that catches specific exceptions and outputs a response.
@@ -710,6 +719,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         :param exception: The exception that was raised
         :raises ServerError: response 500
         """
+        response = None
         await self.dispatch(
             "http.lifecycle.exception",
             inline=True,
@@ -750,9 +760,11 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         # -------------------------------------------- #
         # Request Middleware
         # -------------------------------------------- #
-        response = await self._run_request_middleware(
-            request, request_name=None
-        )
+        if run_middleware:
+            middleware = (
+                request.route and request.route.extra.request_middleware
+            ) or self.request_middleware
+            response = await self._run_request_middleware(request, middleware)
         # No middleware results
         if not response:
             try:
@@ -832,7 +844,13 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
 
         # Define `response` var here to remove warnings about
         # allocation before assignment below.
-        response = None
+        response: Optional[
+            Union[
+                BaseHTTPResponse,
+                Coroutine[Any, Any, Optional[BaseHTTPResponse]],
+            ]
+        ] = None
+        run_middleware = True
         try:
 
             await self.dispatch(
@@ -864,7 +882,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
             if (
                 request.stream
                 and request.stream.request_body
-                and not route.ctx.ignore_body
+                and not route.extra.ignore_body
             ):
 
                 if hasattr(handler, "is_stream"):
@@ -877,9 +895,11 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
             # -------------------------------------------- #
             # Request Middleware
             # -------------------------------------------- #
-            response = await self._run_request_middleware(
-                request, request_name=route.name
-            )
+            run_middleware = False
+            if request.route.extra.request_middleware:
+                response = await self._run_request_middleware(
+                    request, request.route.extra.request_middleware
+                )
 
             # No middleware results
             if not response:
@@ -896,9 +916,19 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
                     )
 
                 # Run response handler
+                await self.dispatch(
+                    "http.handler.before",
+                    inline=True,
+                    context={"request": request},
+                )
                 response = handler(request, **request.match_info)
                 if isawaitable(response):
                     response = await response
+                await self.dispatch(
+                    "http.handler.after",
+                    inline=True,
+                    context={"request": request},
+                )
 
             if request.responded:
                 if response is not None:
@@ -910,7 +940,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
                 if request.stream is not None:
                     response = request.stream.response
             elif response is not None:
-                response = await request.respond(response)
+                response = await request.respond(response)  # type: ignore
             elif not hasattr(handler, "is_websocket"):
                 response = request.stream.response  # type: ignore
 
@@ -928,7 +958,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
                 ...
                 await response.send(end_stream=True)
             elif isinstance(response, ResponseStream):
-                resp = await response(request)
+                resp = await response(request)  # type: ignore
                 await self.dispatch(
                     "http.lifecycle.response",
                     inline=True,
@@ -937,7 +967,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
                         "response": resp,
                     },
                 )
-                await response.eof()
+                await response.eof()  # type: ignore
             else:
                 if not hasattr(handler, "is_websocket"):
                     raise ServerError(
@@ -949,7 +979,9 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
             raise
         except Exception as e:
             # Response Generation Failed
-            await self.handle_exception(request, e)
+            await self.handle_exception(
+                request, e, run_middleware=run_middleware
+            )
 
     async def _websocket_handler(
         self, handler, request, *args, subprotocols=None, **kwargs
@@ -999,7 +1031,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
     def asgi_client(self):  # noqa
         """
         A testing client that uses ASGI to reach into the application to
-        execute hanlers.
+        execute handlers.
 
         :return: testing client
         :rtype: :class:`SanicASGITestClient`
@@ -1018,86 +1050,72 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
     # -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
 
     async def _run_request_middleware(
-        self, request, request_name=None
+        self, request, middleware_collection
     ):  # no cov
-        # The if improves speed.  I don't know why
-        named_middleware = self.named_request_middleware.get(
-            request_name, deque()
-        )
-        applicable_middleware = self.request_middleware + named_middleware
+        request._request_middleware_started = True
 
-        # request.request_middleware_started is meant as a stop-gap solution
-        # until RFC 1630 is adopted
-        if applicable_middleware and not request.request_middleware_started:
-            request.request_middleware_started = True
+        for middleware in middleware_collection:
+            await self.dispatch(
+                "http.middleware.before",
+                inline=True,
+                context={
+                    "request": request,
+                    "response": None,
+                },
+                condition={"attach_to": "request"},
+            )
 
-            for middleware in applicable_middleware:
-                await self.dispatch(
-                    "http.middleware.before",
-                    inline=True,
-                    context={
-                        "request": request,
-                        "response": None,
-                    },
-                    condition={"attach_to": "request"},
-                )
+            response = middleware(request)
+            if isawaitable(response):
+                response = await response
 
-                response = middleware(request)
-                if isawaitable(response):
-                    response = await response
+            await self.dispatch(
+                "http.middleware.after",
+                inline=True,
+                context={
+                    "request": request,
+                    "response": None,
+                },
+                condition={"attach_to": "request"},
+            )
 
-                await self.dispatch(
-                    "http.middleware.after",
-                    inline=True,
-                    context={
-                        "request": request,
-                        "response": None,
-                    },
-                    condition={"attach_to": "request"},
-                )
-
-                if response:
-                    return response
+            if response:
+                return response
         return None
 
     async def _run_response_middleware(
-        self, request, response, request_name=None
+        self, request, response, middleware_collection
     ):  # no cov
-        named_middleware = self.named_response_middleware.get(
-            request_name, deque()
-        )
-        applicable_middleware = self.response_middleware + named_middleware
-        if applicable_middleware:
-            for middleware in applicable_middleware:
-                await self.dispatch(
-                    "http.middleware.before",
-                    inline=True,
-                    context={
-                        "request": request,
-                        "response": response,
-                    },
-                    condition={"attach_to": "response"},
-                )
+        for middleware in middleware_collection:
+            await self.dispatch(
+                "http.middleware.before",
+                inline=True,
+                context={
+                    "request": request,
+                    "response": response,
+                },
+                condition={"attach_to": "response"},
+            )
 
-                _response = middleware(request, response)
-                if isawaitable(_response):
-                    _response = await _response
+            _response = middleware(request, response)
+            if isawaitable(_response):
+                _response = await _response
 
-                await self.dispatch(
-                    "http.middleware.after",
-                    inline=True,
-                    context={
-                        "request": request,
-                        "response": _response if _response else response,
-                    },
-                    condition={"attach_to": "response"},
-                )
+            await self.dispatch(
+                "http.middleware.after",
+                inline=True,
+                context={
+                    "request": request,
+                    "response": _response if _response else response,
+                },
+                condition={"attach_to": "response"},
+            )
 
-                if _response:
-                    response = _response
-                    if isinstance(response, BaseHTTPResponse):
-                        response = request.stream.respond(response)
-                    break
+            if _response:
+                response = _response
+                if isinstance(response, BaseHTTPResponse):
+                    response = request.stream.respond(response)
+                break
         return response
 
     def _build_endpoint_name(self, *parts):
@@ -1184,7 +1202,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         *,
         name: Optional[str] = None,
         register: bool = True,
-    ) -> Optional[Task]:
+    ) -> Optional[Task[Any]]:
         """
         Schedule a task to run later, after the loop has started.
         Different from asyncio.ensure_future in that it does not
@@ -1194,7 +1212,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         `See user guide re: background tasks
         <https://sanicframework.org/guide/basics/tasks.html#background-tasks>`__
 
-        :param task: future, couroutine or awaitable
+        :param task: future, coroutine or awaitable
         """
         try:
             loop = self.loop  # Will raise SanicError if loop is not started
@@ -1315,7 +1333,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         self.config.update_config(config)
 
     @property
-    def asgi(self):
+    def asgi(self) -> bool:
         return self.state.asgi
 
     @asgi.setter
@@ -1326,18 +1344,6 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
     def debug(self):
         return self.state.is_debug
 
-    @debug.setter
-    def debug(self, value: bool):
-        deprecation(
-            "Setting the value of a Sanic application's debug value directly "
-            "is deprecated and will be removed in v22.9. Please set it using "
-            "the CLI, app.run, app.prepare, or directly set "
-            "app.state.mode to Mode.DEBUG.",
-            22.9,
-        )
-        mode = Mode.DEBUG if value else Mode.PRODUCTION
-        self.state.mode = mode
-
     @property
     def auto_reload(self):
         return self.config.AUTO_RELOAD
@@ -1345,6 +1351,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
     @auto_reload.setter
     def auto_reload(self, value: bool):
         self.config.AUTO_RELOAD = value
+        self.state.auto_reload = value
 
     @property
     def state(self) -> ApplicationState:  # type: ignore
@@ -1353,58 +1360,6 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         """
         return self._state
 
-    @property
-    def is_running(self):
-        deprecation(
-            "Use of the is_running property is no longer used by Sanic "
-            "internally. The property is now deprecated and will be removed "
-            "in version 22.9. You may continue to set the property for your "
-            "own needs until that time. If you would like to check whether "
-            "the application is operational, please use app.state.stage. More "
-            "information is available at ___.",
-            22.9,
-        )
-        return self.state.is_running
-
-    @is_running.setter
-    def is_running(self, value: bool):
-        deprecation(
-            "Use of the is_running property is no longer used by Sanic "
-            "internally. The property is now deprecated and will be removed "
-            "in version 22.9. You may continue to set the property for your "
-            "own needs until that time. If you would like to check whether "
-            "the application is operational, please use app.state.stage. More "
-            "information is available at ___.",
-            22.9,
-        )
-        self.state.is_running = value
-
-    @property
-    def is_stopping(self):
-        deprecation(
-            "Use of the is_stopping property is no longer used by Sanic "
-            "internally. The property is now deprecated and will be removed "
-            "in version 22.9. You may continue to set the property for your "
-            "own needs until that time. If you would like to check whether "
-            "the application is operational, please use app.state.stage. More "
-            "information is available at ___.",
-            22.9,
-        )
-        return self.state.is_stopping
-
-    @is_stopping.setter
-    def is_stopping(self, value: bool):
-        deprecation(
-            "Use of the is_stopping property is no longer used by Sanic "
-            "internally. The property is now deprecated and will be removed "
-            "in version 22.9. You may continue to set the property for your "
-            "own needs until that time. If you would like to check whether "
-            "the application is operational, please use app.state.stage. More "
-            "information is available at ___.",
-            22.9,
-        )
-        self.state.is_stopping = value
-
     @property
     def reload_dirs(self):
         return self.state.reload_dirs
@@ -1462,6 +1417,18 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
 
         cls._app_registry[name] = app
 
+    @classmethod
+    def unregister_app(cls, app: "Sanic") -> None:
+        """
+        Unregister a Sanic instance
+        """
+        if not isinstance(app, cls):
+            raise SanicException("Registered app must be an instance of Sanic")
+
+        name = app.name
+        if name in cls._app_registry:
+            del cls._app_registry[name]
+
     @classmethod
     def get_app(
         cls, name: Optional[str] = None, *, force_create: bool = False
@@ -1481,9 +1448,28 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         try:
             return cls._app_registry[name]
         except KeyError:
+            if name == "__main__":
+                return cls.get_app("__mp_main__", force_create=force_create)
             if force_create:
                 return cls(name)
-            raise SanicException(f'Sanic app name "{name}" not found.')
+            raise SanicException(
+                f"Sanic app name '{name}' not found.\n"
+                "App instantiation must occur outside "
+                "if __name__ == '__main__' "
+                "block or by using an AppLoader.\nSee "
+                "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/app-loader.html"
+                " for more details."
+            )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_uvloop_conflict(cls) -> None:
+        values = {app.config.USE_UVLOOP for app in cls._app_registry.values()}
+        if len(values) > 1:
+            error_logger.warning(
+                "It looks like you're running several apps with different "
+                "uvloop settings. This is not supported and may lead to "
+                "unintended behaviour."
+            )
 
     # -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
     # Lifecycle
@@ -1495,6 +1481,7 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         except FinalizationError as e:
             if not Sanic.test_mode:
                 raise e
+        self.finalize_middleware()
 
     def signalize(self, allow_fail_builtin=True):
         self.signal_router.allow_fail_builtin = allow_fail_builtin
@@ -1514,24 +1501,26 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
 
         if self.state.is_debug and self.config.TOUCHUP is not True:
             self.config.TOUCHUP = False
-        elif self.config.TOUCHUP is _default:
+        elif isinstance(self.config.TOUCHUP, Default):
             self.config.TOUCHUP = True
 
         # Setup routers
         self.signalize(self.config.TOUCHUP)
         self.finalize()
 
-        # TODO: Replace in v22.6 to check against apps in app registry
-        if (
-            self.__class__._uvloop_setting is not None
-            and self.__class__._uvloop_setting != self.config.USE_UVLOOP
-        ):
-            error_logger.warning(
-                "It looks like you're running several apps with different "
-                "uvloop settings. This is not supported and may lead to "
-                "unintended behaviour."
+        route_names = [route.name for route in self.router.routes]
+        duplicates = {
+            name for name in route_names if route_names.count(name) > 1
+        }
+        if duplicates:
+            names = ", ".join(duplicates)
+            deprecation(
+                f"Duplicate route names detected: {names}. In the future, "
+                "Sanic will enforce uniqueness in route naming.",
+                23.3,
             )
-        self.__class__._uvloop_setting = self.config.USE_UVLOOP
+
+        Sanic._check_uvloop_conflict()
 
         # Startup time optimizations
         if self.state.primary:
@@ -1542,6 +1531,9 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
 
         self.state.is_started = True
 
+        if hasattr(self, "multiplexer"):
+            self.multiplexer.ack()
+
     async def _server_event(
         self,
         concern: str,
@@ -1570,3 +1562,43 @@ class Sanic(BaseSanic, RunnerMixin, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
                 "loop": loop,
             },
         )
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+    # Process Management
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+    def refresh(
+        self,
+        passthru: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    ):
+        registered = self.__class__.get_app(self.name)
+        if self is not registered:
+            if not registered.state.server_info:
+                registered.state.server_info = self.state.server_info
+            self = registered
+        if passthru:
+            for attr, info in passthru.items():
+                if isinstance(info, dict):
+                    for key, value in info.items():
+                        setattr(getattr(self, attr), key, value)
+                else:
+                    setattr(self, attr, info)
+        if hasattr(self, "multiplexer"):
+            self.shared_ctx.lock()
+        return self
+
+    @property
+    def inspector(self):
+        if environ.get("SANIC_WORKER_PROCESS") or not self._inspector:
+            raise SanicException(
+                "Can only access the inspector from the main process"
+            )
+        return self._inspector
+
+    @property
+    def manager(self):
+        if environ.get("SANIC_WORKER_PROCESS") or not self._manager:
+            raise SanicException(
+                "Can only access the manager from the main process"
+            )
+        return self._manager

sanic/application/constants.py

@@ -1,15 +1,24 @@
 from enum import Enum, IntEnum, auto
 
 
-class StrEnum(str, Enum):
+class StrEnum(str, Enum):  # no cov
     def _generate_next_value_(name: str, *args) -> str:  # type: ignore
         return name.lower()
 
+    def __eq__(self, value: object) -> bool:
+        value = str(value).upper()
+        return super().__eq__(value)
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self.value)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.value
+
 
 class Server(StrEnum):
     SANIC = auto()
     ASGI = auto()
-    GUNICORN = auto()
 
 
 class Mode(StrEnum):

sanic/application/ext.py

@@ -8,11 +8,6 @@ from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from sanic import Sanic
 
-    try:
-        from sanic_ext import Extend  # type: ignore
-    except ImportError:
-        ...
-
 
 def setup_ext(app: Sanic, *, fail: bool = False, **kwargs):
     if not app.config.AUTO_EXTEND:
@@ -22,7 +17,7 @@ def setup_ext(app: Sanic, *, fail: bool = False, **kwargs):
     with suppress(ModuleNotFoundError):
         sanic_ext = import_module("sanic_ext")
 
-    if not sanic_ext:
+    if not sanic_ext:  # no cov
         if fail:
             raise RuntimeError(
                 "Sanic Extensions is not installed. You can add it to your "
@@ -33,7 +28,7 @@ def setup_ext(app: Sanic, *, fail: bool = False, **kwargs):
         return
 
     if not getattr(app, "_ext", None):
-        Ext: Extend = getattr(sanic_ext, "Extend")
+        Ext = getattr(sanic_ext, "Extend")
         app._ext = Ext(app, **kwargs)
 
         return app.ext

sanic/application/motd.py

@@ -80,20 +80,23 @@ class MOTDTTY(MOTD):
         )
         self.display_length = self.key_width + self.value_width + 2
 
-    def display(self):
-        version = f"Sanic v{__version__}".center(self.centering_length)
+    def display(self, version=True, action="Goin' Fast", out=None):
+        if not out:
+            out = logger.info
+        header = "Sanic"
+        if version:
+            header += f" v{__version__}"
+        header = header.center(self.centering_length)
         running = (
-            f"Goin' Fast @ {self.serve_location}"
-            if self.serve_location
-            else ""
+            f"{action} @ {self.serve_location}" if self.serve_location else ""
         ).center(self.centering_length)
-        length = len(version) + 2 - self.logo_line_length
+        length = len(header) + 2 - self.logo_line_length
         first_filler = "─" * (self.logo_line_length - 1)
         second_filler = "─" * length
         display_filler = "─" * (self.display_length + 2)
         lines = [
             f"\n┌{first_filler}─{second_filler}┐",
-            f"│ {version} │",
+            f"│ {header} │",
             f"│ {running} │",
             f"├{first_filler}┬{second_filler}┤",
         ]
@@ -107,7 +110,7 @@ class MOTDTTY(MOTD):
         self._render_fill(lines)
 
         lines.append(f"└{first_filler}┴{second_filler}┘\n")
-        logger.info(indent("\n".join(lines), "  "))
+        out(indent("\n".join(lines), "  "))
 
     def _render_data(self, lines, data, start):
         offset = 0

sanic/asgi.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from urllib.parse import quote
 
 from sanic.compat import Header
 from sanic.exceptions import ServerError
-from sanic.helpers import _default
+from sanic.helpers import Default
 from sanic.http import Stage
 from sanic.log import logger
 from sanic.models.asgi import ASGIReceive, ASGIScope, ASGISend, MockTransport
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class Lifespan:
         await self.asgi_app.sanic_app._server_event("init", "before")
         await self.asgi_app.sanic_app._server_event("init", "after")
 
-        if self.asgi_app.sanic_app.config.USE_UVLOOP is not _default:
+        if not isinstance(self.asgi_app.sanic_app.config.USE_UVLOOP, Default):
             warnings.warn(
                 "You have set the USE_UVLOOP configuration option, but Sanic "
                 "cannot control the event loop when running in ASGI mode."
@@ -234,4 +234,7 @@ class ASGIApp:
             self.stage = Stage.HANDLER
             await self.sanic_app.handle_request(self.request)
         except Exception as e:
-            await self.sanic_app.handle_exception(self.request, e)
+            try:
+                await self.sanic_app.handle_exception(self.request, e)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                await self.sanic_app.handle_exception(self.request, exc, False)

sanic/blueprints.py

@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ class Blueprint(BaseSanic):
             # prefixed properly in the router
             future.handler.__blueprintname__ = self.name
             # Prepend the blueprint URI prefix if available
-            uri = url_prefix + future.uri if url_prefix else future.uri
+            uri = self._setup_uri(future.uri, url_prefix)
 
             version_prefix = self.version_prefix
             for prefix in (
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ class Blueprint(BaseSanic):
 
             apply_route = FutureRoute(
                 future.handler,
-                uri[1:] if uri.startswith("//") else uri,
+                uri,
                 future.methods,
                 host,
                 strict_slashes,
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ class Blueprint(BaseSanic):
         # Static Files
         for future in self._future_statics:
             # Prepend the blueprint URI prefix if available
-            uri = url_prefix + future.uri if url_prefix else future.uri
+            uri = self._setup_uri(future.uri, url_prefix)
             apply_route = FutureStatic(uri, *future[1:])
 
             if (self, apply_route) in app._future_registry:
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ class Blueprint(BaseSanic):
 
         self.routes += [route for route in routes if isinstance(route, Route)]
         self.websocket_routes += [
-            route for route in self.routes if route.ctx.websocket
+            route for route in self.routes if route.extra.websocket
         ]
         self.middlewares += middleware
         self.exceptions += exception_handlers
@@ -456,6 +456,18 @@ class Blueprint(BaseSanic):
                 break
         return value
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _setup_uri(base: str, prefix: Optional[str]):
+        uri = base
+        if prefix:
+            uri = prefix
+            if base.startswith("/") and prefix.endswith("/"):
+                uri += base[1:]
+            else:
+                uri += base
+
+        return uri[1:] if uri.startswith("//") else uri
+
     @staticmethod
     def register_futures(
         apps: Set[Sanic], bp: Blueprint, futures: Sequence[Tuple[Any, ...]]

sanic/cli/app.py

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
+import logging
 import os
 import shutil
 import sys
 
 from argparse import ArgumentParser, RawTextHelpFormatter
-from importlib import import_module
-from pathlib import Path
+from functools import partial
 from textwrap import indent
 from typing import Any, List, Union
 
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ from sanic.app import Sanic
 from sanic.application.logo import get_logo
 from sanic.cli.arguments import Group
 from sanic.log import error_logger
-from sanic.simple import create_simple_server
+from sanic.worker.inspector import inspect
+from sanic.worker.loader import AppLoader
 
 
 class SanicArgumentParser(ArgumentParser):
@@ -66,13 +67,17 @@ Or, a path to a directory to run as a simple HTTP server:
             instance.attach()
             self.groups.append(instance)
 
-    def run(self):
-        # This is to provide backwards compat -v to display version
-        legacy_version = len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[-1] == "-v"
-        parse_args = ["--version"] if legacy_version else None
-
+    def run(self, parse_args=None):
+        legacy_version = False
         if not parse_args:
-            parsed, unknown = self.parser.parse_known_args()
+            # This is to provide backwards compat -v to display version
+            legacy_version = len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[-1] == "-v"
+            parse_args = ["--version"] if legacy_version else None
+        elif parse_args == ["-v"]:
+            parse_args = ["--version"]
+
+        if not legacy_version:
+            parsed, unknown = self.parser.parse_known_args(args=parse_args)
             if unknown and parsed.factory:
                 for arg in unknown:
                     if arg.startswith("--"):
@@ -80,20 +85,47 @@ Or, a path to a directory to run as a simple HTTP server:
 
         self.args = self.parser.parse_args(args=parse_args)
         self._precheck()
+        app_loader = AppLoader(
+            self.args.module,
+            self.args.factory,
+            self.args.simple,
+            self.args,
+        )
 
         try:
-            app = self._get_app()
+            app = self._get_app(app_loader)
             kwargs = self._build_run_kwargs()
-        except ValueError:
-            error_logger.exception("Failed to run app")
+        except ValueError as e:
+            error_logger.exception(f"Failed to run app: {e}")
         else:
-            for http_version in self.args.http:
-                app.prepare(**kwargs, version=http_version)
+            if self.args.inspect or self.args.inspect_raw or self.args.trigger:
+                os.environ["SANIC_IGNORE_PRODUCTION_WARNING"] = "true"
+            else:
+                for http_version in self.args.http:
+                    app.prepare(**kwargs, version=http_version)
 
-            Sanic.serve()
+            if self.args.inspect or self.args.inspect_raw or self.args.trigger:
+                action = self.args.trigger or (
+                    "raw" if self.args.inspect_raw else "pretty"
+                )
+                inspect(
+                    app.config.INSPECTOR_HOST,
+                    app.config.INSPECTOR_PORT,
+                    action,
+                )
+                del os.environ["SANIC_IGNORE_PRODUCTION_WARNING"]
+                return
+
+            if self.args.single:
+                serve = Sanic.serve_single
+            elif self.args.legacy:
+                serve = Sanic.serve_legacy
+            else:
+                serve = partial(Sanic.serve, app_loader=app_loader)
+            serve(app)
 
     def _precheck(self):
-        # # Custom TLS mismatch handling for better diagnostics
+        # Custom TLS mismatch handling for better diagnostics
         if self.main_process and (
             # one of cert/key missing
             bool(self.args.cert) != bool(self.args.key)
@@ -113,58 +145,14 @@ Or, a path to a directory to run as a simple HTTP server:
             )
             error_logger.error(message)
             sys.exit(1)
+        if self.args.inspect or self.args.inspect_raw:
+            logging.disable(logging.CRITICAL)
 
-    def _get_app(self):
+    def _get_app(self, app_loader: AppLoader):
         try:
-            module_path = os.path.abspath(os.getcwd())
-            if module_path not in sys.path:
-                sys.path.append(module_path)
-
-            if self.args.simple:
-                path = Path(self.args.module)
-                app = create_simple_server(path)
-            else:
-                delimiter = ":" if ":" in self.args.module else "."
-                module_name, app_name = self.args.module.rsplit(delimiter, 1)
-
-                if module_name == "" and os.path.isdir(self.args.module):
-                    raise ValueError(
-                        "App not found.\n"
-                        "   Please use --simple if you are passing a "
-                        "directory to sanic.\n"
-                        f"   eg. sanic {self.args.module} --simple"
-                    )
-
-                if app_name.endswith("()"):
-                    self.args.factory = True
-                    app_name = app_name[:-2]
-
-                module = import_module(module_name)
-                app = getattr(module, app_name, None)
-                if self.args.factory:
-                    try:
-                        app = app(self.args)
-                    except TypeError:
-                        app = app()
-
-                app_type_name = type(app).__name__
-
-                if not isinstance(app, Sanic):
-                    if callable(app):
-                        solution = f"sanic {self.args.module} --factory"
-                        raise ValueError(
-                            "Module is not a Sanic app, it is a "
-                            f"{app_type_name}\n"
-                            "  If this callable returns a "
-                            f"Sanic instance try: \n{solution}"
-                        )
-
-                    raise ValueError(
-                        f"Module is not a Sanic app, it is a {app_type_name}\n"
-                        f"  Perhaps you meant {self.args.module}:app?"
-                    )
+            app = app_loader.load()
         except ImportError as e:
-            if module_name.startswith(e.name):
+            if app_loader.module_name.startswith(e.name):  # type: ignore
                 error_logger.error(
                     f"No module named {e.name} found.\n"
                     "  Example File: project/sanic_server.py -> app\n"
@@ -190,8 +178,10 @@ Or, a path to a directory to run as a simple HTTP server:
         elif len(ssl) == 1 and ssl[0] is not None:
             # Use only one cert, no TLSSelector.
             ssl = ssl[0]
+
         kwargs = {
             "access_log": self.args.access_log,
+            "coffee": self.args.coffee,
             "debug": self.args.debug,
             "fast": self.args.fast,
             "host": self.args.host,
@@ -203,6 +193,8 @@ Or, a path to a directory to run as a simple HTTP server:
             "verbosity": self.args.verbosity or 0,
             "workers": self.args.workers,
             "auto_tls": self.args.auto_tls,
+            "single_process": self.args.single,
+            "legacy": self.args.legacy,
         }
 
         for maybe_arg in ("auto_reload", "dev"):

sanic/cli/arguments.py

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class Group:
         instance = cls(parser, cls.name)
         return instance
 
-    def add_bool_arguments(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    def add_bool_arguments(self, *args, nullable=False, **kwargs):
         group = self.container.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
         kwargs["help"] = kwargs["help"].capitalize()
         group.add_argument(*args, action="store_true", **kwargs)
@@ -38,6 +38,9 @@ class Group:
         group.add_argument(
             "--no-" + args[0][2:], *args[1:], action="store_false", **kwargs
         )
+        if nullable:
+            params = {args[0][2:].replace("-", "_"): None}
+            group.set_defaults(**params)
 
     def prepare(self, args) -> None:
         ...
@@ -67,7 +70,8 @@ class ApplicationGroup(Group):
     name = "Application"
 
     def attach(self):
-        self.container.add_argument(
+        group = self.container.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
+        group.add_argument(
             "--factory",
             action="store_true",
             help=(
@@ -75,7 +79,7 @@ class ApplicationGroup(Group):
                 "i.e. a () -> <Sanic app> callable"
             ),
         )
-        self.container.add_argument(
+        group.add_argument(
             "-s",
             "--simple",
             dest="simple",
@@ -85,6 +89,32 @@ class ApplicationGroup(Group):
                 "a directory\n(module arg should be a path)"
             ),
         )
+        group.add_argument(
+            "--inspect",
+            dest="inspect",
+            action="store_true",
+            help=("Inspect the state of a running instance, human readable"),
+        )
+        group.add_argument(
+            "--inspect-raw",
+            dest="inspect_raw",
+            action="store_true",
+            help=("Inspect the state of a running instance, JSON output"),
+        )
+        group.add_argument(
+            "--trigger-reload",
+            dest="trigger",
+            action="store_const",
+            const="reload",
+            help=("Trigger worker processes to reload"),
+        )
+        group.add_argument(
+            "--trigger-shutdown",
+            dest="trigger",
+            action="store_const",
+            const="shutdown",
+            help=("Trigger all processes to shutdown"),
+        )
 
 
 class HTTPVersionGroup(Group):
@@ -207,8 +237,22 @@ class WorkerGroup(Group):
             action="store_true",
             help="Set the number of workers to max allowed",
         )
+        group.add_argument(
+            "--single-process",
+            dest="single",
+            action="store_true",
+            help="Do not use multiprocessing, run server in a single process",
+        )
+        self.container.add_argument(
+            "--legacy",
+            action="store_true",
+            help="Use the legacy server manager",
+        )
         self.add_bool_arguments(
-            "--access-logs", dest="access_log", help="display access logs"
+            "--access-logs",
+            dest="access_log",
+            help="display access logs",
+            default=None,
         )
 
 
@@ -262,6 +306,12 @@ class OutputGroup(Group):
     name = "Output"
 
     def attach(self):
+        self.add_bool_arguments(
+            "--coffee",
+            dest="coffee",
+            default=False,
+            help="Uhm, coffee?",
+        )
         self.add_bool_arguments(
             "--motd",
             dest="motd",

sanic/compat.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import os
 import signal
 import sys
 
+from enum import Enum
 from typing import Awaitable
 
 from multidict import CIMultiDict  # type: ignore
@@ -19,6 +20,31 @@ except ImportError:
     pass
 
 
+# Python 3.11 changed the way Enum formatting works for mixed-in types.
+if sys.version_info < (3, 11, 0):
+
+    class StrEnum(str, Enum):
+        pass
+
+else:
+    from enum import StrEnum  # type: ignore # noqa
+
+
+class UpperStrEnum(StrEnum):
+    def _generate_next_value_(name, start, count, last_values):
+        return name.upper()
+
+    def __eq__(self, value: object) -> bool:
+        value = str(value).upper()
+        return super().__eq__(value)
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self.value)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.value
+
+
 def enable_windows_color_support():
     import ctypes
 

sanic/config.py

@@ -1,30 +1,51 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import sys
+
 from inspect import getmembers, isclass, isdatadescriptor
 from os import environ
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Optional, Sequence, Union
+from warnings import filterwarnings
 
-from sanic.constants import LocalCertCreator
+from sanic.constants import LocalCertCreator, RestartOrder
 from sanic.errorpages import DEFAULT_FORMAT, check_error_format
 from sanic.helpers import Default, _default
 from sanic.http import Http
-from sanic.log import deprecation, error_logger
+from sanic.log import error_logger
 from sanic.utils import load_module_from_file_location, str_to_bool
 
 
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    from typing import Literal
+
+    FilterWarningType = Union[
+        Literal["default"],
+        Literal["error"],
+        Literal["ignore"],
+        Literal["always"],
+        Literal["module"],
+        Literal["once"],
+    ]
+else:
+    FilterWarningType = str
+
 SANIC_PREFIX = "SANIC_"
 
 
 DEFAULT_CONFIG = {
     "_FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT": _default,
-    "ACCESS_LOG": True,
+    "ACCESS_LOG": False,
     "AUTO_EXTEND": True,
     "AUTO_RELOAD": False,
     "EVENT_AUTOREGISTER": False,
+    "DEPRECATION_FILTER": "once",
     "FORWARDED_FOR_HEADER": "X-Forwarded-For",
     "FORWARDED_SECRET": None,
     "GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT": 15.0,  # 15 sec
+    "INSPECTOR": False,
+    "INSPECTOR_HOST": "localhost",
+    "INSPECTOR_PORT": 6457,
     "KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT": 5,  # 5 seconds
     "KEEP_ALIVE": True,
     "LOCAL_CERT_CREATOR": LocalCertCreator.AUTO,
@@ -42,6 +63,7 @@ DEFAULT_CONFIG = {
     "REQUEST_MAX_SIZE": 100000000,  # 100 megabytes
     "REQUEST_TIMEOUT": 60,  # 60 seconds
     "RESPONSE_TIMEOUT": 60,  # 60 seconds
+    "RESTART_ORDER": RestartOrder.SHUTDOWN_FIRST,
     "TLS_CERT_PASSWORD": "",
     "TOUCHUP": _default,
     "USE_UVLOOP": _default,
@@ -50,10 +72,6 @@ DEFAULT_CONFIG = {
     "WEBSOCKET_PING_TIMEOUT": 20,
 }
 
-# These values will be removed from the Config object in v22.6 and moved
-# to the application state
-DEPRECATED_CONFIG = ("SERVER_RUNNING", "RELOADER_PROCESS", "RELOADED_FILES")
-
 
 class DescriptorMeta(type):
     def __init__(cls, *_):
@@ -69,9 +87,13 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
     AUTO_EXTEND: bool
     AUTO_RELOAD: bool
     EVENT_AUTOREGISTER: bool
+    DEPRECATION_FILTER: FilterWarningType
     FORWARDED_FOR_HEADER: str
     FORWARDED_SECRET: Optional[str]
     GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT: float
+    INSPECTOR: bool
+    INSPECTOR_HOST: str
+    INSPECTOR_PORT: int
     KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT: int
     KEEP_ALIVE: bool
     LOCAL_CERT_CREATOR: Union[str, LocalCertCreator]
@@ -89,6 +111,7 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
     REQUEST_MAX_SIZE: int
     REQUEST_TIMEOUT: int
     RESPONSE_TIMEOUT: int
+    RESTART_ORDER: Union[str, RestartOrder]
     SERVER_NAME: str
     TLS_CERT_PASSWORD: str
     TOUCHUP: Union[Default, bool]
@@ -107,6 +130,7 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
     ):
         defaults = defaults or {}
         super().__init__({**DEFAULT_CONFIG, **defaults})
+        self._configure_warnings()
 
         self._converters = [str, str_to_bool, float, int]
 
@@ -127,19 +151,19 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
         self._check_error_format()
         self._init = True
 
-    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+    def __getattr__(self, attr: Any):
         try:
             return self[attr]
         except KeyError as ke:
             raise AttributeError(f"Config has no '{ke.args[0]}'")
 
-    def __setattr__(self, attr, value) -> None:
+    def __setattr__(self, attr: str, value: Any) -> None:
         self.update({attr: value})
 
-    def __setitem__(self, attr, value) -> None:
+    def __setitem__(self, attr: str, value: Any) -> None:
         self.update({attr: value})
 
-    def update(self, *other, **kwargs) -> None:
+    def update(self, *other: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
         kwargs.update({k: v for item in other for k, v in dict(item).items()})
         setters: Dict[str, Any] = {
             k: kwargs.pop(k)
@@ -172,10 +196,16 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
             self.LOCAL_CERT_CREATOR = LocalCertCreator[
                 self.LOCAL_CERT_CREATOR.upper()
             ]
+        elif attr == "RESTART_ORDER" and not isinstance(
+            self.RESTART_ORDER, RestartOrder
+        ):
+            self.RESTART_ORDER = RestartOrder[self.RESTART_ORDER.upper()]
+        elif attr == "DEPRECATION_FILTER":
+            self._configure_warnings()
 
     @property
     def FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT(self) -> str:
-        if self._FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT is _default:
+        if isinstance(self._FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT, Default):
             return DEFAULT_FORMAT
         return self._FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT
 
@@ -183,7 +213,7 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
     def FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT(self, value):
         self._check_error_format(value)
         if (
-            self._FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT is not _default
+            not isinstance(self._FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT, Default)
             and value != self._FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT
         ):
             error_logger.warning(
@@ -199,6 +229,13 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
             self.REQUEST_MAX_SIZE,
         )
 
+    def _configure_warnings(self):
+        filterwarnings(
+            self.DEPRECATION_FILTER,
+            category=DeprecationWarning,
+            module=r"sanic.*",
+        )
+
     def _check_error_format(self, format: Optional[str] = None):
         check_error_format(format or self.FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT)
 
@@ -206,7 +243,9 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
         """
         Looks for prefixed environment variables and applies them to the
         configuration if present. This is called automatically when Sanic
-        starts up to load environment variables into config.
+        starts up to load environment variables into config. Environment
+        variables should start with the defined prefix and should only
+        contain uppercase letters.
 
         It will automatically hydrate the following types:
 
@@ -232,12 +271,9 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
         `See user guide re: config
         <https://sanicframework.org/guide/deployment/configuration.html>`__
         """
-        lower_case_var_found = False
         for key, value in environ.items():
-            if not key.startswith(prefix):
+            if not key.startswith(prefix) or not key.isupper():
                 continue
-            if not key.isupper():
-                lower_case_var_found = True
 
             _, config_key = key.split(prefix, 1)
 
@@ -247,12 +283,6 @@ class Config(dict, metaclass=DescriptorMeta):
                     break
                 except ValueError:
                     pass
-        if lower_case_var_found:
-            deprecation(
-                "Lowercase environment variables will not be "
-                "loaded into Sanic config beginning in v22.9.",
-                22.9,
-            )
 
     def update_config(self, config: Union[bytes, str, dict, Any]):
         """

sanic/constants.py

@@ -1,19 +1,9 @@
-from enum import Enum, auto
+from enum import auto
+
+from sanic.compat import UpperStrEnum
 
 
-class HTTPMethod(str, Enum):
-    def _generate_next_value_(name, start, count, last_values):
-        return name.upper()
-
-    def __eq__(self, value: object) -> bool:
-        value = str(value).upper()
-        return super().__eq__(value)
-
-    def __hash__(self) -> int:
-        return hash(self.value)
-
-    def __str__(self) -> str:
-        return self.value
+class HTTPMethod(UpperStrEnum):
 
     GET = auto()
     POST = auto()
@@ -24,16 +14,29 @@ class HTTPMethod(str, Enum):
     DELETE = auto()
 
 
-class LocalCertCreator(str, Enum):
-    def _generate_next_value_(name, start, count, last_values):
-        return name.upper()
+class LocalCertCreator(UpperStrEnum):
 
     AUTO = auto()
     TRUSTME = auto()
     MKCERT = auto()
 
 
+class RestartOrder(UpperStrEnum):
+
+    SHUTDOWN_FIRST = auto()
+    STARTUP_FIRST = auto()
+
+
 HTTP_METHODS = tuple(HTTPMethod.__members__.values())
+SAFE_HTTP_METHODS = (HTTPMethod.GET, HTTPMethod.HEAD, HTTPMethod.OPTIONS)
+IDEMPOTENT_HTTP_METHODS = (
+    HTTPMethod.GET,
+    HTTPMethod.HEAD,
+    HTTPMethod.PUT,
+    HTTPMethod.DELETE,
+    HTTPMethod.OPTIONS,
+)
+CACHEABLE_HTTP_METHODS = (HTTPMethod.GET, HTTPMethod.HEAD)
 DEFAULT_HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE = "application/octet-stream"
 DEFAULT_LOCAL_TLS_KEY = "key.pem"
 DEFAULT_LOCAL_TLS_CERT = "cert.pem"

sanic/errorpages.py

@@ -448,8 +448,8 @@ def exception_response(
             # from the route
             if request.route:
                 try:
-                    if request.route.ctx.error_format:
-                        render_format = request.route.ctx.error_format
+                    if request.route.extra.error_format:
+                        render_format = request.route.extra.error_format
                 except AttributeError:
                     ...
 

sanic/exceptions.py

@@ -1,8 +1,17 @@
+from asyncio import CancelledError
 from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Union
 
 from sanic.helpers import STATUS_CODES
 
 
+class RequestCancelled(CancelledError):
+    quiet = True
+
+
+class ServerKilled(Exception):
+    ...
+
+
 class SanicException(Exception):
     message: str = ""
 

sanic/handlers.py

@@ -47,6 +47,28 @@ class ErrorHandler:
     def _full_lookup(self, exception, route_name: Optional[str] = None):
         return self.lookup(exception, route_name)
 
+    def _add(
+        self,
+        key: Tuple[Type[BaseException], Optional[str]],
+        handler: RouteHandler,
+    ) -> None:
+        if key in self.cached_handlers:
+            exc, name = key
+            if name is None:
+                name = "__ALL_ROUTES__"
+
+            error_logger.warning(
+                f"Duplicate exception handler definition on: route={name} "
+                f"and exception={exc}"
+            )
+            deprecation(
+                "A duplicate exception handler definition was discovered. "
+                "This may cause unintended consequences. A warning has been "
+                "issued now, but it will not be allowed starting in v23.3.",
+                23.3,
+            )
+        self.cached_handlers[key] = handler
+
     def add(self, exception, handler, route_names: Optional[List[str]] = None):
         """
         Add a new exception handler to an already existing handler object.
@@ -62,9 +84,9 @@ class ErrorHandler:
         """
         if route_names:
             for route in route_names:
-                self.cached_handlers[(exception, route)] = handler
+                self._add((exception, route), handler)
         else:
-            self.cached_handlers[(exception, None)] = handler
+            self._add((exception, None), handler)
 
     def lookup(self, exception, route_name: Optional[str] = None):
         """

sanic/http/http1.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from sanic.exceptions import (
     BadRequest,
     ExpectationFailed,
     PayloadTooLarge,
+    RequestCancelled,
     ServerError,
     ServiceUnavailable,
 )
@@ -132,7 +133,7 @@ class Http(Stream, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
 
                 if self.stage is Stage.RESPONSE:
                     await self.response.send(end_stream=True)
-            except CancelledError:
+            except CancelledError as exc:
                 # Write an appropriate response before exiting
                 if not self.protocol.transport:
                     logger.info(
@@ -140,7 +141,11 @@ class Http(Stream, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
                         "stopped. Transport is closed."
                     )
                     return
-                e = self.exception or ServiceUnavailable("Cancelled")
+                e = (
+                    RequestCancelled()
+                    if self.protocol.conn_info.lost
+                    else (self.exception or exc)
+                )
                 self.exception = None
                 self.keep_alive = False
                 await self.error_response(e)
@@ -424,7 +429,13 @@ class Http(Stream, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
             if self.request is None:
                 self.create_empty_request()
 
-            await app.handle_exception(self.request, exception)
+            request_middleware = not isinstance(exception, ServiceUnavailable)
+            try:
+                await app.handle_exception(
+                    self.request, exception, request_middleware
+                )
+            except Exception as e:
+                await app.handle_exception(self.request, e, False)
 
     def create_empty_request(self) -> None:
         """

sanic/http/http3.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ from sanic.exceptions import PayloadTooLarge, SanicException, ServerError
 from sanic.helpers import has_message_body
 from sanic.http.constants import Stage
 from sanic.http.stream import Stream
-from sanic.http.tls.context import CertSelector, CertSimple, SanicSSLContext
+from sanic.http.tls.context import CertSelector, SanicSSLContext
 from sanic.log import Colors, logger
 from sanic.models.protocol_types import TransportProtocol
 from sanic.models.server_types import ConnInfo
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ def get_config(
     app: Sanic, ssl: Union[SanicSSLContext, CertSelector, SSLContext]
 ):
     # TODO:
-    # - proper selection needed if servince with multiple certs insted of
+    # - proper selection needed if service with multiple certs insted of
     #   just taking the first
     if isinstance(ssl, CertSelector):
         ssl = cast(SanicSSLContext, ssl.sanic_select[0])
@@ -389,8 +389,8 @@ def get_config(
             "should be able to use mkcert instead. For more information, see: "
             "https://github.com/aiortc/aioquic/issues/295."
         )
-    if not isinstance(ssl, CertSimple):
-        raise SanicException("SSLContext is not CertSimple")
+    if not isinstance(ssl, SanicSSLContext):
+        raise SanicException("SSLContext is not SanicSSLContext")
 
     config = QuicConfiguration(
         alpn_protocols=H3_ALPN + H0_ALPN + ["siduck"],

sanic/http/tls/creators.py

@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@ def get_ssl_context(
             "without passing a TLS certificate. If you are developing "
             "locally, please enable DEVELOPMENT mode and Sanic will "
             "generate a localhost TLS certificate. For more information "
-            "please see: ___."
+            "please see: https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/development."
+            "html#automatic-tls-certificate."
         )
 
     creator = CertCreator.select(
@@ -151,7 +152,8 @@ class CertCreator(ABC):
             raise SanicException(
                 "Sanic could not find package to create a TLS certificate. "
                 "You must have either mkcert or trustme installed. See "
-                "_____ for more details."
+                "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/development.html"
+                "#automatic-tls-certificate for more details."
             )
 
         return creator
@@ -203,7 +205,8 @@ class MkcertCreator(CertCreator):
                 "to proceed. Installation instructions can be found here: "
                 "https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert.\n"
                 "Find out more information about your options here: "
-                "_____"
+                "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/development.html#"
+                "automatic-tls-certificate"
             ) from e
 
     def generate_cert(self, localhost: str) -> ssl.SSLContext:
@@ -240,7 +243,12 @@ class MkcertCreator(CertCreator):
                         self.cert_path.unlink()
                     self.tmpdir.rmdir()
 
-        return CertSimple(self.cert_path, self.key_path)
+        context = CertSimple(self.cert_path, self.key_path)
+        context.sanic["creator"] = "mkcert"
+        context.sanic["localhost"] = localhost
+        SanicSSLContext.create_from_ssl_context(context)
+
+        return context
 
 
 class TrustmeCreator(CertCreator):
@@ -255,24 +263,28 @@ class TrustmeCreator(CertCreator):
                 "to proceed. Installation instructions can be found here: "
                 "https://github.com/python-trio/trustme.\n"
                 "Find out more information about your options here: "
-                "_____"
+                "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/development.html#"
+                "automatic-tls-certificate"
             )
 
     def generate_cert(self, localhost: str) -> ssl.SSLContext:
-        context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER)
-        sanic_context = SanicSSLContext.create_from_ssl_context(context)
-        sanic_context.sanic = {
+        context = SanicSSLContext.create_from_ssl_context(
+            ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER)
+        )
+        context.sanic = {
             "cert": self.cert_path.absolute(),
             "key": self.key_path.absolute(),
         }
         ca = trustme.CA()
         server_cert = ca.issue_cert(localhost)
-        server_cert.configure_cert(sanic_context)
+        server_cert.configure_cert(context)
         ca.configure_trust(context)
 
         ca.cert_pem.write_to_path(str(self.cert_path.absolute()))
         server_cert.private_key_and_cert_chain_pem.write_to_path(
             str(self.key_path.absolute())
         )
+        context.sanic["creator"] = "trustme"
+        context.sanic["localhost"] = localhost
 
         return context

sanic/log.py

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 import logging
 import sys
 
-from enum import Enum
 from typing import Any, Dict
 from warnings import warn
 
-from sanic.compat import is_atty
+from sanic.compat import StrEnum, is_atty
 
 
 LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS: Dict[str, Any] = dict(  # no cov
@@ -25,6 +24,12 @@ LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS: Dict[str, Any] = dict(  # no cov
             "propagate": True,
             "qualname": "sanic.access",
         },
+        "sanic.server": {
+            "level": "INFO",
+            "handlers": ["console"],
+            "propagate": True,
+            "qualname": "sanic.server",
+        },
     },
     handlers={
         "console": {
@@ -62,12 +67,13 @@ Defult logging configuration
 """
 
 
-class Colors(str, Enum):  # no cov
+class Colors(StrEnum):  # no cov
     END = "\033[0m"
-    BLUE = "\033[01;34m"
-    GREEN = "\033[01;32m"
-    PURPLE = "\033[01;35m"
-    RED = "\033[01;31m"
+    BOLD = "\033[1m"
+    BLUE = "\033[34m"
+    GREEN = "\033[32m"
+    PURPLE = "\033[35m"
+    RED = "\033[31m"
     SANIC = "\033[38;2;255;13;104m"
     YELLOW = "\033[01;33m"
 
@@ -100,6 +106,12 @@ Logger used by Sanic for access logging
 """
 access_logger.addFilter(_verbosity_filter)
 
+server_logger = logging.getLogger("sanic.server")  # no cov
+"""
+Logger used by Sanic for server related messages
+"""
+logger.addFilter(_verbosity_filter)
+
 
 def deprecation(message: str, version: float):  # no cov
     version_info = f"[DEPRECATION v{version}] "

sanic/middleware.py

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections import deque
+from enum import IntEnum, auto
+from itertools import count
+from typing import Deque, Sequence, Union
+
+from sanic.models.handler_types import MiddlewareType
+
+
+class MiddlewareLocation(IntEnum):
+    REQUEST = auto()
+    RESPONSE = auto()
+
+
+class Middleware:
+    _counter = count()
+
+    __slots__ = ("func", "priority", "location", "definition")
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        func: MiddlewareType,
+        location: MiddlewareLocation,
+        priority: int = 0,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.func = func
+        self.priority = priority
+        self.location = location
+        self.definition = next(Middleware._counter)
+
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self.func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            f"{self.__class__.__name__}("
+            f"func=<function {self.func.__name__}>, "
+            f"priority={self.priority}, "
+            f"location={self.location.name})"
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def order(self):
+        return (self.priority, -self.definition)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def convert(
+        cls,
+        *middleware_collections: Sequence[Union[Middleware, MiddlewareType]],
+        location: MiddlewareLocation,
+    ) -> Deque[Middleware]:
+        return deque(
+            [
+                middleware
+                if isinstance(middleware, Middleware)
+                else Middleware(middleware, location)
+                for collection in middleware_collections
+                for middleware in collection
+            ]
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def reset_count(cls):
+        cls._counter = count()
+        cls.count = next(cls._counter)

sanic/mixins/listeners.py

@@ -17,9 +17,12 @@ class ListenerEvent(str, Enum):
     BEFORE_SERVER_STOP = "server.shutdown.before"
     AFTER_SERVER_STOP = "server.shutdown.after"
     MAIN_PROCESS_START = auto()
+    MAIN_PROCESS_READY = auto()
     MAIN_PROCESS_STOP = auto()
     RELOAD_PROCESS_START = auto()
     RELOAD_PROCESS_STOP = auto()
+    BEFORE_RELOAD_TRIGGER = auto()
+    AFTER_RELOAD_TRIGGER = auto()
 
 
 class ListenerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
@@ -98,6 +101,11 @@ class ListenerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
     ) -> ListenerType[Sanic]:
         return self.listener(listener, "main_process_start")
 
+    def main_process_ready(
+        self, listener: ListenerType[Sanic]
+    ) -> ListenerType[Sanic]:
+        return self.listener(listener, "main_process_ready")
+
     def main_process_stop(
         self, listener: ListenerType[Sanic]
     ) -> ListenerType[Sanic]:
@@ -113,6 +121,16 @@ class ListenerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
     ) -> ListenerType[Sanic]:
         return self.listener(listener, "reload_process_stop")
 
+    def before_reload_trigger(
+        self, listener: ListenerType[Sanic]
+    ) -> ListenerType[Sanic]:
+        return self.listener(listener, "before_reload_trigger")
+
+    def after_reload_trigger(
+        self, listener: ListenerType[Sanic]
+    ) -> ListenerType[Sanic]:
+        return self.listener(listener, "after_reload_trigger")
+
     def before_server_start(
         self, listener: ListenerType[Sanic]
     ) -> ListenerType[Sanic]:

sanic/mixins/middleware.py

@@ -1,11 +1,17 @@
+from collections import deque
 from functools import partial
+from operator import attrgetter
 from typing import List
 
 from sanic.base.meta import SanicMeta
+from sanic.middleware import Middleware, MiddlewareLocation
 from sanic.models.futures import FutureMiddleware
+from sanic.router import Router
 
 
 class MiddlewareMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
+    router: Router
+
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
         self._future_middleware: List[FutureMiddleware] = []
 
@@ -13,7 +19,12 @@ class MiddlewareMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         raise NotImplementedError  # noqa
 
     def middleware(
-        self, middleware_or_request, attach_to="request", apply=True
+        self,
+        middleware_or_request,
+        attach_to="request",
+        apply=True,
+        *,
+        priority=0
     ):
         """
         Decorate and register middleware to be called before a request
@@ -30,6 +41,12 @@ class MiddlewareMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         def register_middleware(middleware, attach_to="request"):
             nonlocal apply
 
+            location = (
+                MiddlewareLocation.REQUEST
+                if attach_to == "request"
+                else MiddlewareLocation.RESPONSE
+            )
+            middleware = Middleware(middleware, location, priority=priority)
             future_middleware = FutureMiddleware(middleware, attach_to)
             self._future_middleware.append(future_middleware)
             if apply:
@@ -46,7 +63,7 @@ class MiddlewareMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
                 register_middleware, attach_to=middleware_or_request
             )
 
-    def on_request(self, middleware=None):
+    def on_request(self, middleware=None, *, priority=0):
         """Register a middleware to be called before a request is handled.
 
         This is the same as *@app.middleware('request')*.
@@ -54,11 +71,13 @@ class MiddlewareMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         :param: middleware: A callable that takes in request.
         """
         if callable(middleware):
-            return self.middleware(middleware, "request")
+            return self.middleware(middleware, "request", priority=priority)
         else:
-            return partial(self.middleware, attach_to="request")
+            return partial(
+                self.middleware, attach_to="request", priority=priority
+            )
 
-    def on_response(self, middleware=None):
+    def on_response(self, middleware=None, *, priority=0):
         """Register a middleware to be called after a response is created.
 
         This is the same as *@app.middleware('response')*.
@@ -67,6 +86,57 @@ class MiddlewareMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             A callable that takes in a request and its response.
         """
         if callable(middleware):
-            return self.middleware(middleware, "response")
+            return self.middleware(middleware, "response", priority=priority)
         else:
-            return partial(self.middleware, attach_to="response")
+            return partial(
+                self.middleware, attach_to="response", priority=priority
+            )
+
+    def finalize_middleware(self):
+        for route in self.router.routes:
+            request_middleware = Middleware.convert(
+                self.request_middleware,
+                self.named_request_middleware.get(route.name, deque()),
+                location=MiddlewareLocation.REQUEST,
+            )
+            response_middleware = Middleware.convert(
+                self.response_middleware,
+                self.named_response_middleware.get(route.name, deque()),
+                location=MiddlewareLocation.RESPONSE,
+            )
+            route.extra.request_middleware = deque(
+                sorted(
+                    request_middleware,
+                    key=attrgetter("order"),
+                    reverse=True,
+                )
+            )
+            route.extra.response_middleware = deque(
+                sorted(
+                    response_middleware,
+                    key=attrgetter("order"),
+                    reverse=True,
+                )[::-1]
+            )
+        request_middleware = Middleware.convert(
+            self.request_middleware,
+            location=MiddlewareLocation.REQUEST,
+        )
+        response_middleware = Middleware.convert(
+            self.response_middleware,
+            location=MiddlewareLocation.RESPONSE,
+        )
+        self.request_middleware = deque(
+            sorted(
+                request_middleware,
+                key=attrgetter("order"),
+                reverse=True,
+            )
+        )
+        self.response_middleware = deque(
+            sorted(
+                response_middleware,
+                key=attrgetter("order"),
+                reverse=True,
+            )[::-1]
+        )

sanic/mixins/routes.py

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 from ast import NodeVisitor, Return, parse
 from contextlib import suppress
+from email.utils import formatdate
 from functools import partial, wraps
 from inspect import getsource, signature
 from mimetypes import guess_type
 from os import path
-from pathlib import PurePath
-from re import sub
+from pathlib import Path, PurePath
 from textwrap import dedent
-from time import gmtime, strftime
 from typing import (
     Any,
     Callable,
+    Dict,
     Iterable,
     List,
     Optional,
@@ -27,31 +27,18 @@ from sanic.base.meta import SanicMeta
 from sanic.compat import stat_async
 from sanic.constants import DEFAULT_HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE, HTTP_METHODS
 from sanic.errorpages import RESPONSE_MAPPING
-from sanic.exceptions import (
-    BadRequest,
-    FileNotFound,
-    HeaderNotFound,
-    RangeNotSatisfiable,
-)
+from sanic.exceptions import FileNotFound, HeaderNotFound, RangeNotSatisfiable
 from sanic.handlers import ContentRangeHandler
 from sanic.log import error_logger
 from sanic.models.futures import FutureRoute, FutureStatic
 from sanic.models.handler_types import RouteHandler
-from sanic.response import HTTPResponse, file, file_stream
+from sanic.response import HTTPResponse, file, file_stream, validate_file
 from sanic.types import HashableDict
 
 
 RouteWrapper = Callable[
     [RouteHandler], Union[RouteHandler, Tuple[Route, RouteHandler]]
 ]
-RESTRICTED_ROUTE_CONTEXT = (
-    "ignore_body",
-    "stream",
-    "hosts",
-    "static",
-    "error_format",
-    "websocket",
-)
 
 
 class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
@@ -231,7 +218,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         stream: bool = False,
         version_prefix: str = "/v",
         error_format: Optional[str] = None,
-        **ctx_kwargs,
+        **ctx_kwargs: Any,
     ) -> RouteHandler:
         """A helper method to register class instance or
         functions as a handler to the application url
@@ -292,7 +279,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         ignore_body: bool = True,
         version_prefix: str = "/v",
         error_format: Optional[str] = None,
-        **ctx_kwargs,
+        **ctx_kwargs: Any,
     ) -> RouteHandler:
         """
         Add an API URL under the **GET** *HTTP* method
@@ -335,7 +322,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         name: Optional[str] = None,
         version_prefix: str = "/v",
         error_format: Optional[str] = None,
-        **ctx_kwargs,
+        **ctx_kwargs: Any,
     ) -> RouteHandler:
         """
         Add an API URL under the **POST** *HTTP* method
@@ -378,7 +365,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         name: Optional[str] = None,
         version_prefix: str = "/v",
         error_format: Optional[str] = None,
-        **ctx_kwargs,
+        **ctx_kwargs: Any,
     ) -> RouteHandler:
         """
         Add an API URL under the **PUT** *HTTP* method
@@ -421,7 +408,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         ignore_body: bool = True,
         version_prefix: str = "/v",
         error_format: Optional[str] = None,
-        **ctx_kwargs,
+        **ctx_kwargs: Any,
     ) -> RouteHandler:
         """
         Add an API URL under the **HEAD** *HTTP* method
@@ -472,7 +459,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         ignore_body: bool = True,
         version_prefix: str = "/v",
         error_format: Optional[str] = None,
-        **ctx_kwargs,
+        **ctx_kwargs: Any,
     ) -> RouteHandler:
         """
         Add an API URL under the **OPTIONS** *HTTP* method
@@ -523,7 +510,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         name: Optional[str] = None,
         version_prefix: str = "/v",
         error_format: Optional[str] = None,
-        **ctx_kwargs,
+        **ctx_kwargs: Any,
     ) -> RouteHandler:
         """
         Add an API URL under the **PATCH** *HTTP* method
@@ -576,7 +563,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         ignore_body: bool = True,
         version_prefix: str = "/v",
         error_format: Optional[str] = None,
-        **ctx_kwargs,
+        **ctx_kwargs: Any,
     ) -> RouteHandler:
         """
         Add an API URL under the **DELETE** *HTTP* method
@@ -620,7 +607,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         apply: bool = True,
         version_prefix: str = "/v",
         error_format: Optional[str] = None,
-        **ctx_kwargs,
+        **ctx_kwargs: Any,
     ):
         """
         Decorate a function to be registered as a websocket route
@@ -664,7 +651,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         name: Optional[str] = None,
         version_prefix: str = "/v",
         error_format: Optional[str] = None,
-        **ctx_kwargs,
+        **ctx_kwargs: Any,
     ):
         """
         A helper method to register a function as a websocket route.
@@ -701,18 +688,18 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
 
     def static(
         self,
-        uri,
+        uri: str,
         file_or_directory: Union[str, bytes, PurePath],
-        pattern=r"/?.+",
-        use_modified_since=True,
-        use_content_range=False,
-        stream_large_files=False,
-        name="static",
-        host=None,
-        strict_slashes=None,
-        content_type=None,
-        apply=True,
-        resource_type=None,
+        pattern: str = r"/?.+",
+        use_modified_since: bool = True,
+        use_content_range: bool = False,
+        stream_large_files: bool = False,
+        name: str = "static",
+        host: Optional[str] = None,
+        strict_slashes: Optional[bool] = None,
+        content_type: Optional[bool] = None,
+        apply: bool = True,
+        resource_type: Optional[str] = None,
     ):
         """
         Register a root to serve files from. The input can either be a
@@ -796,6 +783,37 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
 
         return name
 
+    async def _get_file_path(self, file_or_directory, __file_uri__, not_found):
+        file_path_raw = Path(unquote(file_or_directory))
+        root_path = file_path = file_path_raw.resolve()
+
+        if __file_uri__:
+            # Strip all / that in the beginning of the URL to help prevent
+            # python from herping a derp and treating the uri as an
+            # absolute path
+            unquoted_file_uri = unquote(__file_uri__).lstrip("/")
+            file_path_raw = Path(file_or_directory, unquoted_file_uri)
+            file_path = file_path_raw.resolve()
+            if (
+                file_path < root_path and not file_path_raw.is_symlink()
+            ) or ".." in file_path_raw.parts:
+                error_logger.exception(
+                    f"File not found: path={file_or_directory}, "
+                    f"relative_url={__file_uri__}"
+                )
+                raise not_found
+
+        try:
+            file_path.relative_to(root_path)
+        except ValueError:
+            if not file_path_raw.is_symlink():
+                error_logger.exception(
+                    f"File not found: path={file_or_directory}, "
+                    f"relative_url={__file_uri__}"
+                )
+                raise not_found
+        return file_path
+
     async def _static_request_handler(
         self,
         file_or_directory,
@@ -806,32 +824,17 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         content_type=None,
         __file_uri__=None,
     ):
-        # Using this to determine if the URL is trying to break out of the path
-        # served.  os.path.realpath seems to be very slow
-        if __file_uri__ and "../" in __file_uri__:
-            raise BadRequest("Invalid URL")
-        # Merge served directory and requested file if provided
-        # Strip all / that in the beginning of the URL to help prevent python
-        # from herping a derp and treating the uri as an absolute path
-        root_path = file_path = file_or_directory
-        if __file_uri__:
-            file_path = path.join(
-                file_or_directory, sub("^[/]*", "", __file_uri__)
-            )
+        not_found = FileNotFound(
+            "File not found",
+            path=file_or_directory,
+            relative_url=__file_uri__,
+        )
+
+        # Merge served directory and requested file if provided
+        file_path = await self._get_file_path(
+            file_or_directory, __file_uri__, not_found
+        )
 
-        # URL decode the path sent by the browser otherwise we won't be able to
-        # match filenames which got encoded (filenames with spaces etc)
-        file_path = path.abspath(unquote(file_path))
-        if not file_path.startswith(path.abspath(unquote(root_path))):
-            error_logger.exception(
-                f"File not found: path={file_or_directory}, "
-                f"relative_url={__file_uri__}"
-            )
-            raise FileNotFound(
-                "File not found",
-                path=file_or_directory,
-                relative_url=__file_uri__,
-            )
         try:
             headers = {}
             # Check if the client has been sent this file before
@@ -839,15 +842,13 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             stats = None
             if use_modified_since:
                 stats = await stat_async(file_path)
-                modified_since = strftime(
-                    "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT", gmtime(stats.st_mtime)
+                modified_since = stats.st_mtime
+                response = await validate_file(request.headers, modified_since)
+                if response:
+                    return response
+                headers["Last-Modified"] = formatdate(
+                    modified_since, usegmt=True
                 )
-                if (
-                    request.headers.getone("if-modified-since", None)
-                    == modified_since
-                ):
-                    return HTTPResponse(status=304)
-                headers["Last-Modified"] = modified_since
             _range = None
             if use_content_range:
                 _range = None
@@ -862,8 +863,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
                         pass
                     else:
                         del headers["Content-Length"]
-                        for key, value in _range.headers.items():
-                            headers[key] = value
+                        headers.update(_range.headers)
 
             if "content-type" not in headers:
                 content_type = (
@@ -899,11 +899,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         except RangeNotSatisfiable:
             raise
         except FileNotFoundError:
-            raise FileNotFound(
-                "File not found",
-                path=file_or_directory,
-                relative_url=__file_uri__,
-            )
+            raise not_found
         except Exception:
             error_logger.exception(
                 f"Exception in static request handler: "
@@ -960,6 +956,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         # serve from the folder
         if not static.resource_type:
             if not path.isfile(file_or_directory):
+                uri = uri.rstrip("/")
                 uri += "/<__file_uri__:path>"
         elif static.resource_type == "dir":
             if path.isfile(file_or_directory):
@@ -967,6 +964,7 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
                     "Resource type improperly identified as directory. "
                     f"'{file_or_directory}'"
                 )
+            uri = uri.rstrip("/")
             uri += "/<__file_uri__:path>"
         elif static.resource_type == "file" and not path.isfile(
             file_or_directory
@@ -1041,24 +1039,12 @@ class RouteMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
 
         return types
 
-    def _build_route_context(self, raw):
+    def _build_route_context(self, raw: Dict[str, Any]) -> HashableDict:
         ctx_kwargs = {
             key.replace("ctx_", ""): raw.pop(key)
             for key in {**raw}.keys()
             if key.startswith("ctx_")
         }
-        restricted = [
-            key for key in ctx_kwargs.keys() if key in RESTRICTED_ROUTE_CONTEXT
-        ]
-        if restricted:
-            restricted_arguments = ", ".join(restricted)
-            raise AttributeError(
-                "Cannot use restricted route context: "
-                f"{restricted_arguments}. This limitation is only in place "
-                "until v22.9 when the restricted names will no longer be in"
-                "conflict. See https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/issues/2303 "
-                "for more information."
-            )
         if raw:
             unexpected_arguments = ", ".join(raw.keys())
             raise TypeError(

sanic/mixins/startup.py

@@ -16,12 +16,15 @@ from asyncio import (
 from contextlib import suppress
 from functools import partial
 from importlib import import_module
+from multiprocessing import Manager, Pipe, get_context
+from multiprocessing.context import BaseContext
 from pathlib import Path
-from socket import socket
+from socket import SHUT_RDWR, socket
 from ssl import SSLContext
 from typing import (
     TYPE_CHECKING,
     Any,
+    Callable,
     Dict,
     List,
     Optional,
@@ -32,24 +35,36 @@ from typing import (
     cast,
 )
 
-from sanic import reloader_helpers
+from sanic.application.ext import setup_ext
 from sanic.application.logo import get_logo
 from sanic.application.motd import MOTD
 from sanic.application.state import ApplicationServerInfo, Mode, ServerStage
 from sanic.base.meta import SanicMeta
 from sanic.compat import OS_IS_WINDOWS, is_atty
-from sanic.helpers import _default
+from sanic.constants import RestartOrder
+from sanic.exceptions import ServerKilled
+from sanic.helpers import Default
 from sanic.http.constants import HTTP
 from sanic.http.tls import get_ssl_context, process_to_context
+from sanic.http.tls.context import SanicSSLContext
 from sanic.log import Colors, deprecation, error_logger, logger
 from sanic.models.handler_types import ListenerType
 from sanic.server import Signal as ServerSignal
 from sanic.server import try_use_uvloop
 from sanic.server.async_server import AsyncioServer
 from sanic.server.events import trigger_events
+from sanic.server.legacy import watchdog
+from sanic.server.loop import try_windows_loop
 from sanic.server.protocols.http_protocol import HttpProtocol
 from sanic.server.protocols.websocket_protocol import WebSocketProtocol
 from sanic.server.runners import serve, serve_multiple, serve_single
+from sanic.server.socket import configure_socket, remove_unix_socket
+from sanic.worker.inspector import Inspector
+from sanic.worker.loader import AppLoader
+from sanic.worker.manager import WorkerManager
+from sanic.worker.multiplexer import WorkerMultiplexer
+from sanic.worker.reloader import Reloader
+from sanic.worker.serve import worker_serve
 
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -59,20 +74,36 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 
 SANIC_PACKAGES = ("sanic-routing", "sanic-testing", "sanic-ext")
 
-if sys.version_info < (3, 8):
+if sys.version_info < (3, 8):  # no cov
     HTTPVersion = Union[HTTP, int]
-else:
+else:  # no cov
     from typing import Literal
 
     HTTPVersion = Union[HTTP, Literal[1], Literal[3]]
 
 
-class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
+class StartupMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
     _app_registry: Dict[str, Sanic]
     config: Config
     listeners: Dict[str, List[ListenerType[Any]]]
     state: ApplicationState
     websocket_enabled: bool
+    multiplexer: WorkerMultiplexer
+
+    def setup_loop(self):
+        if not self.asgi:
+            if self.config.USE_UVLOOP is True or (
+                isinstance(self.config.USE_UVLOOP, Default)
+                and not OS_IS_WINDOWS
+            ):
+                try_use_uvloop()
+            elif OS_IS_WINDOWS:
+                try_windows_loop()
+
+    @property
+    def m(self) -> WorkerMultiplexer:
+        """Interface for interacting with the worker processes"""
+        return self.multiplexer
 
     def make_coffee(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self.state.coffee = True
@@ -103,6 +134,8 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         verbosity: int = 0,
         motd_display: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
         auto_tls: bool = False,
+        single_process: bool = False,
+        legacy: bool = False,
     ) -> None:
         """
         Run the HTTP Server and listen until keyboard interrupt or term
@@ -163,9 +196,17 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             verbosity=verbosity,
             motd_display=motd_display,
             auto_tls=auto_tls,
+            single_process=single_process,
+            legacy=legacy,
         )
 
-        self.__class__.serve(primary=self)  # type: ignore
+        if single_process:
+            serve = self.__class__.serve_single
+        elif legacy:
+            serve = self.__class__.serve_legacy
+        else:
+            serve = self.__class__.serve
+        serve(primary=self)  # type: ignore
 
     def prepare(
         self,
@@ -191,7 +232,10 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         fast: bool = False,
         verbosity: int = 0,
         motd_display: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        coffee: bool = False,
         auto_tls: bool = False,
+        single_process: bool = False,
+        legacy: bool = False,
     ) -> None:
         if version == 3 and self.state.server_info:
             raise RuntimeError(
@@ -204,6 +248,9 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             debug = True
             auto_reload = True
 
+        if debug and access_log is None:
+            access_log = True
+
         self.state.verbosity = verbosity
         if not self.state.auto_reload:
             self.state.auto_reload = bool(auto_reload)
@@ -211,6 +258,21 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         if fast and workers != 1:
             raise RuntimeError("You cannot use both fast=True and workers=X")
 
+        if single_process and (fast or (workers > 1) or auto_reload):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Single process cannot be run with multiple workers "
+                "or auto-reload"
+            )
+
+        if single_process and legacy:
+            raise RuntimeError("Cannot run single process and legacy mode")
+
+        if register_sys_signals is False and not (single_process or legacy):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Cannot run Sanic.serve with register_sys_signals=False. "
+                "Use either Sanic.serve_single or Sanic.serve_legacy."
+            )
+
         if motd_display:
             self.config.MOTD_DISPLAY.update(motd_display)
 
@@ -234,12 +296,6 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
                 "#asynchronous-support"
             )
 
-        if (
-            self.__class__.should_auto_reload()
-            and os.environ.get("SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING") != "true"
-        ):  # no cov
-            return
-
         if sock is None:
             host, port = self.get_address(host, port, version, auto_tls)
 
@@ -265,6 +321,9 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             except AttributeError:  # no cov
                 workers = os.cpu_count() or 1
 
+        if coffee:
+            self.state.coffee = True
+
         server_settings = self._helper(
             host=host,
             port=port,
@@ -283,10 +342,10 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             ApplicationServerInfo(settings=server_settings)
         )
 
-        if self.config.USE_UVLOOP is True or (
-            self.config.USE_UVLOOP is _default and not OS_IS_WINDOWS
-        ):
-            try_use_uvloop()
+        # if self.config.USE_UVLOOP is True or (
+        #     self.config.USE_UVLOOP is _default and not OS_IS_WINDOWS
+        # ):
+        #     try_use_uvloop()
 
     async def create_server(
         self,
@@ -375,7 +434,7 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             run_async=return_asyncio_server,
         )
 
-        if self.config.USE_UVLOOP is not _default:
+        if not isinstance(self.config.USE_UVLOOP, Default):
             error_logger.warning(
                 "You are trying to change the uvloop configuration, but "
                 "this is only effective when using the run(...) method. "
@@ -395,18 +454,23 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             asyncio_server_kwargs=asyncio_server_kwargs, **server_settings
         )
 
-    def stop(self):
+    def stop(self, terminate: bool = True, unregister: bool = False):
         """
         This kills the Sanic
         """
+        if terminate and hasattr(self, "multiplexer"):
+            self.multiplexer.terminate()
         if self.state.stage is not ServerStage.STOPPED:
-            self.shutdown_tasks(timeout=0)
+            self.shutdown_tasks(timeout=0)  # type: ignore
             for task in all_tasks():
                 with suppress(AttributeError):
                     if task.get_name() == "RunServer":
                         task.cancel()
             get_event_loop().stop()
 
+        if unregister:
+            self.__class__.unregister_app(self)  # type: ignore
+
     def _helper(
         self,
         host: Optional[str] = None,
@@ -468,7 +532,11 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
 
         self.motd(server_settings=server_settings)
 
-        if is_atty() and not self.state.is_debug:
+        if (
+            is_atty()
+            and not self.state.is_debug
+            and not os.environ.get("SANIC_IGNORE_PRODUCTION_WARNING")
+        ):
             error_logger.warning(
                 f"{Colors.YELLOW}Sanic is running in PRODUCTION mode. "
                 "Consider using '--debug' or '--dev' while actively "
@@ -494,85 +562,94 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
 
     def motd(
         self,
-        serve_location: str = "",
         server_settings: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
     ):
-        if serve_location:
-            deprecation(
-                "Specifying a serve_location in the MOTD is deprecated and "
-                "will be removed.",
-                22.9,
-            )
-        else:
-            serve_location = self.get_server_location(server_settings)
+        if (
+            os.environ.get("SANIC_WORKER_NAME")
+            or os.environ.get("SANIC_MOTD_OUTPUT")
+            or os.environ.get("SANIC_WORKER_PROCESS")
+            or os.environ.get("SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING")
+        ):
+            return
+        serve_location = self.get_server_location(server_settings)
         if self.config.MOTD:
-            mode = [f"{self.state.mode},"]
-            if self.state.fast:
-                mode.append("goin' fast")
-            if self.state.asgi:
-                mode.append("ASGI")
-            else:
-                if self.state.workers == 1:
-                    mode.append("single worker")
-                else:
-                    mode.append(f"w/ {self.state.workers} workers")
-
-            if server_settings:
-                server = ", ".join(
-                    (
-                        self.state.server,
-                        server_settings["version"].display(),  # type: ignore
-                    )
-                )
-            else:
-                server = ""
-
-            display = {
-                "mode": " ".join(mode),
-                "server": server,
-                "python": platform.python_version(),
-                "platform": platform.platform(),
-            }
-            extra = {}
-            if self.config.AUTO_RELOAD:
-                reload_display = "enabled"
-                if self.state.reload_dirs:
-                    reload_display += ", ".join(
-                        [
-                            "",
-                            *(
-                                str(path.absolute())
-                                for path in self.state.reload_dirs
-                            ),
-                        ]
-                    )
-                display["auto-reload"] = reload_display
-
-            packages = []
-            for package_name in SANIC_PACKAGES:
-                module_name = package_name.replace("-", "_")
-                try:
-                    module = import_module(module_name)
-                    packages.append(
-                        f"{package_name}=={module.__version__}"  # type: ignore
-                    )
-                except ImportError:
-                    ...
-
-            if packages:
-                display["packages"] = ", ".join(packages)
-
-            if self.config.MOTD_DISPLAY:
-                extra.update(self.config.MOTD_DISPLAY)
-
             logo = get_logo(coffee=self.state.coffee)
+            display, extra = self.get_motd_data(server_settings)
 
             MOTD.output(logo, serve_location, display, extra)
 
+    def get_motd_data(
+        self, server_settings: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+    ) -> Tuple[Dict[str, Any], Dict[str, Any]]:
+        mode = [f"{self.state.mode},"]
+        if self.state.fast:
+            mode.append("goin' fast")
+        if self.state.asgi:
+            mode.append("ASGI")
+        else:
+            if self.state.workers == 1:
+                mode.append("single worker")
+            else:
+                mode.append(f"w/ {self.state.workers} workers")
+
+        if server_settings:
+            server = ", ".join(
+                (
+                    self.state.server,
+                    server_settings["version"].display(),  # type: ignore
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            server = "ASGI" if self.asgi else "unknown"  # type: ignore
+
+        display = {
+            "mode": " ".join(mode),
+            "server": server,
+            "python": platform.python_version(),
+            "platform": platform.platform(),
+        }
+        extra = {}
+        if self.config.AUTO_RELOAD:
+            reload_display = "enabled"
+            if self.state.reload_dirs:
+                reload_display += ", ".join(
+                    [
+                        "",
+                        *(
+                            str(path.absolute())
+                            for path in self.state.reload_dirs
+                        ),
+                    ]
+                )
+            display["auto-reload"] = reload_display
+
+        packages = []
+        for package_name in SANIC_PACKAGES:
+            module_name = package_name.replace("-", "_")
+            try:
+                module = import_module(module_name)
+                packages.append(
+                    f"{package_name}=={module.__version__}"  # type: ignore
+                )
+            except ImportError:  # no cov
+                ...
+
+        if packages:
+            display["packages"] = ", ".join(packages)
+
+        if self.config.MOTD_DISPLAY:
+            extra.update(self.config.MOTD_DISPLAY)
+
+        return display, extra
+
     @property
     def serve_location(self) -> str:
-        server_settings = self.state.server_info[0].settings
-        return self.get_server_location(server_settings)
+        try:
+            server_settings = self.state.server_info[0].settings
+            return self.get_server_location(server_settings)
+        except IndexError:
+            location = "ASGI" if self.asgi else "unknown"  # type: ignore
+            return f"http://<{location}>"
 
     @staticmethod
     def get_server_location(
@@ -583,24 +660,20 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         if not server_settings:
             return serve_location
 
-        if server_settings["ssl"] is not None:
+        host = server_settings["host"]
+        port = server_settings["port"]
+
+        if server_settings.get("ssl") is not None:
             proto = "https"
-        if server_settings["unix"]:
+        if server_settings.get("unix"):
             serve_location = f'{server_settings["unix"]} {proto}://...'
-        elif server_settings["sock"]:
-            serve_location = (
-                f'{server_settings["sock"].getsockname()} {proto}://...'
-            )
-        elif server_settings["host"] and server_settings["port"]:
+        elif server_settings.get("sock"):
+            host, port, *_ = server_settings["sock"].getsockname()
+
+        if not serve_location and host and port:
             # colon(:) is legal for a host only in an ipv6 address
-            display_host = (
-                f'[{server_settings["host"]}]'
-                if ":" in server_settings["host"]
-                else server_settings["host"]
-            )
-            serve_location = (
-                f'{proto}://{display_host}:{server_settings["port"]}'
-            )
+            display_host = f"[{host}]" if ":" in host else host
+            serve_location = f"{proto}://{display_host}:{port}"
 
         return serve_location
 
@@ -620,7 +693,261 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         return any(app.state.auto_reload for app in cls._app_registry.values())
 
     @classmethod
-    def serve(cls, primary: Optional[Sanic] = None) -> None:
+    def _get_context(cls) -> BaseContext:
+        method = (
+            "spawn"
+            if "linux" not in sys.platform or cls.should_auto_reload()
+            else "fork"
+        )
+        return get_context(method)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def serve(
+        cls,
+        primary: Optional[Sanic] = None,
+        *,
+        app_loader: Optional[AppLoader] = None,
+        factory: Optional[Callable[[], Sanic]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        os.environ["SANIC_MOTD_OUTPUT"] = "true"
+        apps = list(cls._app_registry.values())
+        if factory:
+            primary = factory()
+        else:
+            if not primary:
+                if app_loader:
+                    primary = app_loader.load()
+                if not primary:
+                    try:
+                        primary = apps[0]
+                    except IndexError:
+                        raise RuntimeError(
+                            "Did not find any applications."
+                        ) from None
+
+            # This exists primarily for unit testing
+            if not primary.state.server_info:  # no cov
+                for app in apps:
+                    app.state.server_info.clear()
+                return
+
+        try:
+            primary_server_info = primary.state.server_info[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"No server information found for {primary.name}. Perhaps you "
+                "need to run app.prepare(...)?"
+            ) from None
+
+        socks = []
+        sync_manager = Manager()
+        setup_ext(primary)
+        exit_code = 0
+        try:
+            primary_server_info.settings.pop("main_start", None)
+            primary_server_info.settings.pop("main_stop", None)
+            main_start = primary.listeners.get("main_process_start")
+            main_stop = primary.listeners.get("main_process_stop")
+            app = primary_server_info.settings.pop("app")
+            app.setup_loop()
+            loop = new_event_loop()
+            trigger_events(main_start, loop, primary)
+
+            socks = [
+                sock
+                for sock in [
+                    configure_socket(server_info.settings)
+                    for app in apps
+                    for server_info in app.state.server_info
+                ]
+                if sock
+            ]
+            primary_server_info.settings["run_multiple"] = True
+            monitor_sub, monitor_pub = Pipe(True)
+            worker_state: Dict[str, Any] = sync_manager.dict()
+            kwargs: Dict[str, Any] = {
+                **primary_server_info.settings,
+                "monitor_publisher": monitor_pub,
+                "worker_state": worker_state,
+            }
+
+            if not app_loader:
+                if factory:
+                    app_loader = AppLoader(factory=factory)
+                else:
+                    app_loader = AppLoader(
+                        factory=partial(cls.get_app, app.name)  # type: ignore
+                    )
+            kwargs["app_name"] = app.name
+            kwargs["app_loader"] = app_loader
+            kwargs["server_info"] = {}
+            kwargs["passthru"] = {
+                "auto_reload": app.auto_reload,
+                "state": {
+                    "verbosity": app.state.verbosity,
+                    "mode": app.state.mode,
+                },
+                "config": {
+                    "ACCESS_LOG": app.config.ACCESS_LOG,
+                    "NOISY_EXCEPTIONS": app.config.NOISY_EXCEPTIONS,
+                },
+                "shared_ctx": app.shared_ctx.__dict__,
+            }
+            for app in apps:
+                kwargs["server_info"][app.name] = []
+                for server_info in app.state.server_info:
+                    server_info.settings = {
+                        k: v
+                        for k, v in server_info.settings.items()
+                        if k not in ("main_start", "main_stop", "app", "ssl")
+                    }
+                    kwargs["server_info"][app.name].append(server_info)
+
+            ssl = kwargs.get("ssl")
+
+            if isinstance(ssl, SanicSSLContext):
+                kwargs["ssl"] = kwargs["ssl"].sanic
+
+            manager = WorkerManager(
+                primary.state.workers,
+                worker_serve,
+                kwargs,
+                cls._get_context(),
+                (monitor_pub, monitor_sub),
+                worker_state,
+                cast(RestartOrder, primary.config.RESTART_ORDER),
+            )
+            if cls.should_auto_reload():
+                reload_dirs: Set[Path] = primary.state.reload_dirs.union(
+                    *(app.state.reload_dirs for app in apps)
+                )
+                reloader = Reloader(monitor_pub, 1.0, reload_dirs, app_loader)
+                manager.manage("Reloader", reloader, {}, transient=False)
+
+            inspector = None
+            if primary.config.INSPECTOR:
+                display, extra = primary.get_motd_data()
+                packages = [
+                    pkg.strip() for pkg in display["packages"].split(",")
+                ]
+                module = import_module("sanic")
+                sanic_version = f"sanic=={module.__version__}"  # type: ignore
+                app_info = {
+                    **display,
+                    "packages": [sanic_version, *packages],
+                    "extra": extra,
+                }
+                inspector = Inspector(
+                    monitor_pub,
+                    app_info,
+                    worker_state,
+                    primary.config.INSPECTOR_HOST,
+                    primary.config.INSPECTOR_PORT,
+                )
+                manager.manage("Inspector", inspector, {}, transient=False)
+
+            primary._inspector = inspector
+            primary._manager = manager
+
+            ready = primary.listeners["main_process_ready"]
+            trigger_events(ready, loop, primary)
+
+            manager.run()
+        except ServerKilled:
+            exit_code = 1
+        except BaseException:
+            kwargs = primary_server_info.settings
+            error_logger.exception(
+                "Experienced exception while trying to serve"
+            )
+            raise
+        finally:
+            logger.info("Server Stopped")
+            for app in apps:
+                app.state.server_info.clear()
+                app.router.reset()
+                app.signal_router.reset()
+
+            sync_manager.shutdown()
+            for sock in socks:
+                sock.shutdown(SHUT_RDWR)
+                sock.close()
+            socks = []
+            trigger_events(main_stop, loop, primary)
+            loop.close()
+            cls._cleanup_env_vars()
+            cls._cleanup_apps()
+            unix = kwargs.get("unix")
+            if unix:
+                remove_unix_socket(unix)
+        if exit_code:
+            os._exit(exit_code)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def serve_single(cls, primary: Optional[Sanic] = None) -> None:
+        os.environ["SANIC_MOTD_OUTPUT"] = "true"
+        apps = list(cls._app_registry.values())
+
+        if not primary:
+            try:
+                primary = apps[0]
+            except IndexError:
+                raise RuntimeError("Did not find any applications.")
+
+        # This exists primarily for unit testing
+        if not primary.state.server_info:  # no cov
+            for app in apps:
+                app.state.server_info.clear()
+            return
+
+        primary_server_info = primary.state.server_info[0]
+        primary.before_server_start(partial(primary._start_servers, apps=apps))
+        kwargs = {
+            k: v
+            for k, v in primary_server_info.settings.items()
+            if k
+            not in (
+                "main_start",
+                "main_stop",
+                "app",
+            )
+        }
+        kwargs["app_name"] = primary.name
+        kwargs["app_loader"] = None
+        sock = configure_socket(kwargs)
+
+        kwargs["server_info"] = {}
+        kwargs["server_info"][primary.name] = []
+        for server_info in primary.state.server_info:
+            server_info.settings = {
+                k: v
+                for k, v in server_info.settings.items()
+                if k not in ("main_start", "main_stop", "app")
+            }
+            kwargs["server_info"][primary.name].append(server_info)
+
+        try:
+            worker_serve(monitor_publisher=None, **kwargs)
+        except BaseException:
+            error_logger.exception(
+                "Experienced exception while trying to serve"
+            )
+            raise
+        finally:
+            logger.info("Server Stopped")
+            for app in apps:
+                app.state.server_info.clear()
+                app.router.reset()
+                app.signal_router.reset()
+
+            if sock:
+                sock.close()
+
+            cls._cleanup_env_vars()
+            cls._cleanup_apps()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def serve_legacy(cls, primary: Optional[Sanic] = None) -> None:
         apps = list(cls._app_registry.values())
 
         if not primary:
@@ -641,7 +968,7 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
             reload_dirs: Set[Path] = primary.state.reload_dirs.union(
                 *(app.state.reload_dirs for app in apps)
             )
-            reloader_helpers.watchdog(1.0, reload_dirs)
+            watchdog(1.0, reload_dirs)
             trigger_events(reloader_stop, loop, primary)
             return
 
@@ -654,11 +981,17 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         primary_server_info = primary.state.server_info[0]
         primary.before_server_start(partial(primary._start_servers, apps=apps))
 
+        deprecation(
+            f"{Colors.YELLOW}Running {Colors.SANIC}Sanic {Colors.YELLOW}w/ "
+            f"LEGACY manager.{Colors.END} Support for will be dropped in "
+            "version 23.3.",
+            23.3,
+        )
         try:
             primary_server_info.stage = ServerStage.SERVING
 
             if primary.state.workers > 1 and os.name != "posix":  # no cov
-                logger.warn(
+                logger.warning(
                     f"Multiprocessing is currently not supported on {os.name},"
                     " using workers=1 instead"
                 )
@@ -679,10 +1012,9 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         finally:
             primary_server_info.stage = ServerStage.STOPPED
         logger.info("Server Stopped")
-        for app in apps:
-            app.state.server_info.clear()
-            app.router.reset()
-            app.signal_router.reset()
+
+        cls._cleanup_env_vars()
+        cls._cleanup_apps()
 
     async def _start_servers(
         self,
@@ -720,7 +1052,7 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
                         *server_info.settings.pop("main_start", []),
                         *server_info.settings.pop("main_stop", []),
                     ]
-                    if handlers:
+                    if handlers:  # no cov
                         error_logger.warning(
                             f"Sanic found {len(handlers)} listener(s) on "
                             "secondary applications attached to the main "
@@ -733,12 +1065,15 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
                     if not server_info.settings["loop"]:
                         server_info.settings["loop"] = get_running_loop()
 
+                    serve_args: Dict[str, Any] = {
+                        **server_info.settings,
+                        "run_async": True,
+                        "reuse_port": bool(primary.state.workers - 1),
+                    }
+                    if "app" not in serve_args:
+                        serve_args["app"] = app
                     try:
-                        server_info.server = await serve(
-                            **server_info.settings,
-                            run_async=True,
-                            reuse_port=bool(primary.state.workers - 1),
-                        )
+                        server_info.server = await serve(**serve_args)
                     except OSError as e:  # no cov
                         first_message = (
                             "An OSError was detected on startup. "
@@ -764,9 +1099,9 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
 
     async def _run_server(
         self,
-        app: RunnerMixin,
+        app: StartupMixin,
         server_info: ApplicationServerInfo,
-    ) -> None:
+    ) -> None:  # no cov
 
         try:
             # We should never get to this point without a server
@@ -790,3 +1125,26 @@ class RunnerMixin(metaclass=SanicMeta):
         finally:
             server_info.stage = ServerStage.STOPPED
             server_info.server = None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _cleanup_env_vars():
+        variables = (
+            "SANIC_RELOADER_PROCESS",
+            "SANIC_IGNORE_PRODUCTION_WARNING",
+            "SANIC_WORKER_NAME",
+            "SANIC_MOTD_OUTPUT",
+            "SANIC_WORKER_PROCESS",
+            "SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING",
+        )
+        for var in variables:
+            try:
+                del os.environ[var]
+            except KeyError:
+                ...
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _cleanup_apps(cls):
+        for app in cls._app_registry.values():
+            app.state.server_info.clear()
+            app.router.reset()
+            app.signal_router.reset()

sanic/models/server_types.py

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ class ConnInfo:
         "client",
         "client_ip",
         "ctx",
+        "lost",
         "peername",
         "server_port",
         "server",
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ class ConnInfo:
 
     def __init__(self, transport: TransportProtocol, unix=None):
         self.ctx = SimpleNamespace()
+        self.lost = False
         self.peername = None
         self.server = self.client = ""
         self.server_port = self.client_port = 0

sanic/request.py

@@ -38,7 +38,12 @@ from httptools import parse_url
 from httptools.parser.errors import HttpParserInvalidURLError
 
 from sanic.compat import CancelledErrors, Header
-from sanic.constants import DEFAULT_HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE
+from sanic.constants import (
+    CACHEABLE_HTTP_METHODS,
+    DEFAULT_HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE,
+    IDEMPOTENT_HTTP_METHODS,
+    SAFE_HTTP_METHODS,
+)
 from sanic.exceptions import BadRequest, BadURL, ServerError
 from sanic.headers import (
     AcceptContainer,
@@ -51,7 +56,7 @@ from sanic.headers import (
     parse_xforwarded,
 )
 from sanic.http import Stage
-from sanic.log import error_logger, logger
+from sanic.log import deprecation, error_logger, logger
 from sanic.models.protocol_types import TransportProtocol
 from sanic.response import BaseHTTPResponse, HTTPResponse
 
@@ -98,6 +103,8 @@ class Request:
         "_port",
         "_protocol",
         "_remote_addr",
+        "_request_middleware_started",
+        "_response_middleware_started",
         "_scheme",
         "_socket",
         "_stream_id",
@@ -121,7 +128,6 @@ class Request:
         "parsed_token",
         "raw_url",
         "responded",
-        "request_middleware_started",
         "route",
         "stream",
         "transport",
@@ -173,7 +179,8 @@ class Request:
         self.parsed_not_grouped_args: DefaultDict[
             Tuple[bool, bool, str, str], List[Tuple[str, str]]
         ] = defaultdict(list)
-        self.request_middleware_started = False
+        self._request_middleware_started = False
+        self._response_middleware_started = False
         self.responded: bool = False
         self.route: Optional[Route] = None
         self.stream: Optional[Stream] = None
@@ -188,7 +195,7 @@ class Request:
     @classmethod
     def get_current(cls) -> Request:
         """
-        Retrieve the currrent request object
+        Retrieve the current request object
 
         This implements `Context Variables
         <https://docs.python.org/3/library/contextvars.html>`_
@@ -214,6 +221,16 @@ class Request:
     def generate_id(*_):
         return uuid.uuid4()
 
+    @property
+    def request_middleware_started(self):
+        deprecation(
+            "Request.request_middleware_started has been deprecated and will"
+            "be removed. You should set a flag on the request context using"
+            "either middleware or signals if you need this feature.",
+            23.3,
+        )
+        return self._request_middleware_started
+
     @property
     def stream_id(self):
         """
@@ -319,9 +336,14 @@ class Request:
                 response = await response  # type: ignore
         # Run response middleware
         try:
-            response = await self.app._run_response_middleware(
-                self, response, request_name=self.name
-            )
+            middleware = (
+                self.route and self.route.extra.response_middleware
+            ) or self.app.response_middleware
+            if middleware and not self._response_middleware_started:
+                self._response_middleware_started = True
+                response = await self.app._run_response_middleware(
+                    self, response, middleware
+                )
         except CancelledErrors:
             raise
         except Exception:
@@ -975,6 +997,33 @@ class Request:
 
         return self.transport.scope
 
+    @property
+    def is_safe(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        :return: Whether the HTTP method is safe.
+            See https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7231#section-4.2.1
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        return self.method in SAFE_HTTP_METHODS
+
+    @property
+    def is_idempotent(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        :return: Whether the HTTP method is iempotent.
+            See https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7231#section-4.2.2
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        return self.method in IDEMPOTENT_HTTP_METHODS
+
+    @property
+    def is_cacheable(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        :return: Whether the HTTP method is cacheable.
+            See https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7231#section-4.2.3
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        return self.method in CACHEABLE_HTTP_METHODS
+
 
 class File(NamedTuple):
     """

sanic/response/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+from .convenience import (
+    empty,
+    file,
+    file_stream,
+    html,
+    json,
+    raw,
+    redirect,
+    text,
+    validate_file,
+)
+from .types import (
+    BaseHTTPResponse,
+    HTTPResponse,
+    JSONResponse,
+    ResponseStream,
+    json_dumps,
+)
+
+
+__all__ = (
+    "BaseHTTPResponse",
+    "HTTPResponse",
+    "JSONResponse",
+    "ResponseStream",
+    "empty",
+    "json",
+    "text",
+    "raw",
+    "html",
+    "validate_file",
+    "file",
+    "redirect",
+    "file_stream",
+    "json_dumps",
+)

sanic/response/convenience.py

@@ -1,216 +1,25 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from datetime import datetime
-from email.utils import formatdate
-from functools import partial
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from email.utils import formatdate, parsedate_to_datetime
 from mimetypes import guess_type
 from os import path
 from pathlib import PurePath
 from time import time
-from typing import (
-    TYPE_CHECKING,
-    Any,
-    AnyStr,
-    Callable,
-    Coroutine,
-    Dict,
-    Iterator,
-    Optional,
-    Tuple,
-    TypeVar,
-    Union,
-)
+from typing import Any, AnyStr, Callable, Dict, Optional, Union
 from urllib.parse import quote_plus
 
 from sanic.compat import Header, open_async, stat_async
 from sanic.constants import DEFAULT_HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE
-from sanic.cookies import CookieJar
-from sanic.exceptions import SanicException, ServerError
-from sanic.helpers import (
-    Default,
-    _default,
-    has_message_body,
-    remove_entity_headers,
-)
-from sanic.http import Http
+from sanic.helpers import Default, _default
+from sanic.log import logger
 from sanic.models.protocol_types import HTMLProtocol, Range
 
-
-if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from sanic.asgi import ASGIApp
-    from sanic.http.http3 import HTTPReceiver
-    from sanic.request import Request
-else:
-    Request = TypeVar("Request")
-
-
-try:
-    from ujson import dumps as json_dumps
-except ImportError:
-    # This is done in order to ensure that the JSON response is
-    # kept consistent across both ujson and inbuilt json usage.
-    from json import dumps
-
-    json_dumps = partial(dumps, separators=(",", ":"))
-
-
-class BaseHTTPResponse:
-    """
-    The base class for all HTTP Responses
-    """
-
-    __slots__ = (
-        "asgi",
-        "body",
-        "content_type",
-        "stream",
-        "status",
-        "headers",
-        "_cookies",
-    )
-
-    _dumps = json_dumps
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.asgi: bool = False
-        self.body: Optional[bytes] = None
-        self.content_type: Optional[str] = None
-        self.stream: Optional[Union[Http, ASGIApp, HTTPReceiver]] = None
-        self.status: int = None
-        self.headers = Header({})
-        self._cookies: Optional[CookieJar] = None
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        class_name = self.__class__.__name__
-        return f"<{class_name}: {self.status} {self.content_type}>"
-
-    def _encode_body(self, data: Optional[AnyStr]):
-        if data is None:
-            return b""
-        return (
-            data.encode() if hasattr(data, "encode") else data  # type: ignore
-        )
-
-    @property
-    def cookies(self) -> CookieJar:
-        """
-        The response cookies. Cookies should be set and written as follows:
-
-        .. code-block:: python
-
-                response.cookies["test"] = "It worked!"
-                response.cookies["test"]["domain"] = ".yummy-yummy-cookie.com"
-                response.cookies["test"]["httponly"] = True
-
-        `See user guide re: cookies
-        <https://sanicframework.org/guide/basics/cookies.html>`__
-
-        :return: the cookie jar
-        :rtype: CookieJar
-        """
-        if self._cookies is None:
-            self._cookies = CookieJar(self.headers)
-        return self._cookies
-
-    @property
-    def processed_headers(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[bytes, bytes]]:
-        """
-        Obtain a list of header tuples encoded in bytes for sending.
-
-        Add and remove headers based on status and content_type.
-
-        :return: response headers
-        :rtype: Tuple[Tuple[bytes, bytes], ...]
-        """
-        # TODO: Make a blacklist set of header names and then filter with that
-        if self.status in (304, 412):  # Not Modified, Precondition Failed
-            self.headers = remove_entity_headers(self.headers)
-        if has_message_body(self.status):
-            self.headers.setdefault("content-type", self.content_type)
-        # Encode headers into bytes
-        return (
-            (name.encode("ascii"), f"{value}".encode(errors="surrogateescape"))
-            for name, value in self.headers.items()
-        )
-
-    async def send(
-        self,
-        data: Optional[AnyStr] = None,
-        end_stream: Optional[bool] = None,
-    ) -> None:
-        """
-        Send any pending response headers and the given data as body.
-
-        :param data: str or bytes to be written
-        :param end_stream: whether to close the stream after this block
-        """
-        if data is None and end_stream is None:
-            end_stream = True
-        if self.stream is None:
-            raise SanicException(
-                "No stream is connected to the response object instance."
-            )
-        if self.stream.send is None:
-            if end_stream and not data:
-                return
-            raise ServerError(
-                "Response stream was ended, no more response data is "
-                "allowed to be sent."
-            )
-        data = (
-            data.encode()  # type: ignore
-            if hasattr(data, "encode")
-            else data or b""
-        )
-        await self.stream.send(
-            data,  # type: ignore
-            end_stream=end_stream or False,
-        )
-
-
-class HTTPResponse(BaseHTTPResponse):
-    """
-    HTTP response to be sent back to the client.
-
-    :param body: the body content to be returned
-    :type body: Optional[bytes]
-    :param status: HTTP response number. **Default=200**
-    :type status: int
-    :param headers: headers to be returned
-    :type headers: Optional;
-    :param content_type: content type to be returned (as a header)
-    :type content_type: Optional[str]
-    """
-
-    __slots__ = ()
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        body: Optional[AnyStr] = None,
-        status: int = 200,
-        headers: Optional[Union[Header, Dict[str, str]]] = None,
-        content_type: Optional[str] = None,
-    ):
-        super().__init__()
-
-        self.content_type: Optional[str] = content_type
-        self.body = self._encode_body(body)
-        self.status = status
-        self.headers = Header(headers or {})
-        self._cookies = None
-
-    async def eof(self):
-        await self.send("", True)
-
-    async def __aenter__(self):
-        return self.send
-
-    async def __aexit__(self, *_):
-        await self.eof()
+from .types import HTTPResponse, JSONResponse, ResponseStream
 
 
 def empty(
-    status=204, headers: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
+    status: int = 204, headers: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
 ) -> HTTPResponse:
     """
     Returns an empty response to the client.
@@ -227,8 +36,8 @@ def json(
     headers: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
     content_type: str = "application/json",
     dumps: Optional[Callable[..., str]] = None,
-    **kwargs,
-) -> HTTPResponse:
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> JSONResponse:
     """
     Returns response object with body in json format.
 
@@ -237,13 +46,14 @@ def json(
     :param headers: Custom Headers.
     :param kwargs: Remaining arguments that are passed to the json encoder.
     """
-    if not dumps:
-        dumps = BaseHTTPResponse._dumps
-    return HTTPResponse(
-        dumps(body, **kwargs),
-        headers=headers,
+
+    return JSONResponse(
+        body,
         status=status,
+        headers=headers,
         content_type=content_type,
+        dumps=dumps,
+        **kwargs,
     )
 
 
@@ -319,9 +129,34 @@ def html(
     )
 
 
+async def validate_file(
+    request_headers: Header, last_modified: Union[datetime, float, int]
+):
+    try:
+        if_modified_since = request_headers.getone("If-Modified-Since")
+    except KeyError:
+        return
+    try:
+        if_modified_since = parsedate_to_datetime(if_modified_since)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        logger.warning(
+            "Ignorning invalid If-Modified-Since header received: " "'%s'",
+            if_modified_since,
+        )
+        return
+    if not isinstance(last_modified, datetime):
+        last_modified = datetime.fromtimestamp(
+            float(last_modified), tz=timezone.utc
+        ).replace(microsecond=0)
+    if last_modified <= if_modified_since:
+        return HTTPResponse(status=304)
+
+
 async def file(
     location: Union[str, PurePath],
     status: int = 200,
+    request_headers: Optional[Header] = None,
+    validate_when_requested: bool = True,
     mime_type: Optional[str] = None,
     headers: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
     filename: Optional[str] = None,
@@ -331,7 +166,12 @@ async def file(
     _range: Optional[Range] = None,
 ) -> HTTPResponse:
     """Return a response object with file data.
-
+    :param status: HTTP response code. Won't enforce the passed in
+        status if only a part of the content will be sent (206)
+        or file is being validated (304).
+    :param request_headers: The request headers.
+    :param validate_when_requested: If True, will validate the
+        file when requested.
     :param location: Location of file on system.
     :param mime_type: Specific mime_type.
     :param headers: Custom Headers.
@@ -341,11 +181,6 @@ async def file(
     :param no_store: Any cache should not store this response.
     :param _range:
     """
-    headers = headers or {}
-    if filename:
-        headers.setdefault(
-            "Content-Disposition", f'attachment; filename="{filename}"'
-        )
 
     if isinstance(last_modified, datetime):
         last_modified = last_modified.replace(microsecond=0).timestamp()
@@ -353,9 +188,24 @@ async def file(
         stat = await stat_async(location)
         last_modified = stat.st_mtime
 
+    if (
+        validate_when_requested
+        and request_headers is not None
+        and last_modified
+    ):
+        response = await validate_file(request_headers, last_modified)
+        if response:
+            return response
+
+    headers = headers or {}
     if last_modified:
         headers.setdefault(
-            "last-modified", formatdate(last_modified, usegmt=True)
+            "Last-Modified", formatdate(last_modified, usegmt=True)
+        )
+
+    if filename:
+        headers.setdefault(
+            "Content-Disposition", f'attachment; filename="{filename}"'
         )
 
     if no_store:
@@ -424,80 +274,6 @@ def redirect(
     )
 
 
-class ResponseStream:
-    """
-    ResponseStream is a compat layer to bridge the gap after the deprecation
-    of StreamingHTTPResponse. It will be removed when:
-    - file_stream is moved to new style streaming
-    - file and file_stream are combined into a single API
-    """
-
-    __slots__ = (
-        "_cookies",
-        "content_type",
-        "headers",
-        "request",
-        "response",
-        "status",
-        "streaming_fn",
-    )
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        streaming_fn: Callable[
-            [Union[BaseHTTPResponse, ResponseStream]],
-            Coroutine[Any, Any, None],
-        ],
-        status: int = 200,
-        headers: Optional[Union[Header, Dict[str, str]]] = None,
-        content_type: Optional[str] = None,
-    ):
-        self.streaming_fn = streaming_fn
-        self.status = status
-        self.headers = headers or Header()
-        self.content_type = content_type
-        self.request: Optional[Request] = None
-        self._cookies: Optional[CookieJar] = None
-
-    async def write(self, message: str):
-        await self.response.send(message)
-
-    async def stream(self) -> HTTPResponse:
-        if not self.request:
-            raise ServerError("Attempted response to unknown request")
-        self.response = await self.request.respond(
-            headers=self.headers,
-            status=self.status,
-            content_type=self.content_type,
-        )
-        await self.streaming_fn(self)
-        return self.response
-
-    async def eof(self) -> None:
-        await self.response.eof()
-
-    @property
-    def cookies(self) -> CookieJar:
-        if self._cookies is None:
-            self._cookies = CookieJar(self.headers)
-        return self._cookies
-
-    @property
-    def processed_headers(self):
-        return self.response.processed_headers
-
-    @property
-    def body(self):
-        return self.response.body
-
-    def __call__(self, request: Request) -> ResponseStream:
-        self.request = request
-        return self
-
-    def __await__(self):
-        return self.stream().__await__()
-
-
 async def file_stream(
     location: Union[str, PurePath],
     status: int = 200,

sanic/response/types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,453 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from functools import partial
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    AnyStr,
+    Callable,
+    Coroutine,
+    Dict,
+    Iterator,
+    Optional,
+    Tuple,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from sanic.compat import Header
+from sanic.cookies import CookieJar
+from sanic.exceptions import SanicException, ServerError
+from sanic.helpers import (
+    Default,
+    _default,
+    has_message_body,
+    remove_entity_headers,
+)
+from sanic.http import Http
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from sanic.asgi import ASGIApp
+    from sanic.http.http3 import HTTPReceiver
+    from sanic.request import Request
+else:
+    Request = TypeVar("Request")
+
+
+try:
+    from ujson import dumps as json_dumps
+except ImportError:
+    # This is done in order to ensure that the JSON response is
+    # kept consistent across both ujson and inbuilt json usage.
+    from json import dumps
+
+    json_dumps = partial(dumps, separators=(",", ":"))
+
+
+class BaseHTTPResponse:
+    """
+    The base class for all HTTP Responses
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "asgi",
+        "body",
+        "content_type",
+        "stream",
+        "status",
+        "headers",
+        "_cookies",
+    )
+
+    _dumps = json_dumps
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.asgi: bool = False
+        self.body: Optional[bytes] = None
+        self.content_type: Optional[str] = None
+        self.stream: Optional[Union[Http, ASGIApp, HTTPReceiver]] = None
+        self.status: int = None
+        self.headers = Header({})
+        self._cookies: Optional[CookieJar] = None
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        class_name = self.__class__.__name__
+        return f"<{class_name}: {self.status} {self.content_type}>"
+
+    def _encode_body(self, data: Optional[AnyStr]):
+        if data is None:
+            return b""
+        return (
+            data.encode() if hasattr(data, "encode") else data  # type: ignore
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def cookies(self) -> CookieJar:
+        """
+        The response cookies. Cookies should be set and written as follows:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+                response.cookies["test"] = "It worked!"
+                response.cookies["test"]["domain"] = ".yummy-yummy-cookie.com"
+                response.cookies["test"]["httponly"] = True
+
+        `See user guide re: cookies
+        <https://sanic.dev/en/guide/basics/cookies.html>`
+
+        :return: the cookie jar
+        :rtype: CookieJar
+        """
+        if self._cookies is None:
+            self._cookies = CookieJar(self.headers)
+        return self._cookies
+
+    @property
+    def processed_headers(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[bytes, bytes]]:
+        """
+        Obtain a list of header tuples encoded in bytes for sending.
+
+        Add and remove headers based on status and content_type.
+
+        :return: response headers
+        :rtype: Tuple[Tuple[bytes, bytes], ...]
+        """
+        # TODO: Make a blacklist set of header names and then filter with that
+        if self.status in (304, 412):  # Not Modified, Precondition Failed
+            self.headers = remove_entity_headers(self.headers)
+        if has_message_body(self.status):
+            self.headers.setdefault("content-type", self.content_type)
+        # Encode headers into bytes
+        return (
+            (name.encode("ascii"), f"{value}".encode(errors="surrogateescape"))
+            for name, value in self.headers.items()
+        )
+
+    async def send(
+        self,
+        data: Optional[AnyStr] = None,
+        end_stream: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Send any pending response headers and the given data as body.
+
+        :param data: str or bytes to be written
+        :param end_stream: whether to close the stream after this block
+        """
+        if data is None and end_stream is None:
+            end_stream = True
+        if self.stream is None:
+            raise SanicException(
+                "No stream is connected to the response object instance."
+            )
+        if self.stream.send is None:
+            if end_stream and not data:
+                return
+            raise ServerError(
+                "Response stream was ended, no more response data is "
+                "allowed to be sent."
+            )
+        data = (
+            data.encode()  # type: ignore
+            if hasattr(data, "encode")
+            else data or b""
+        )
+        await self.stream.send(
+            data,  # type: ignore
+            end_stream=end_stream or False,
+        )
+
+
+class HTTPResponse(BaseHTTPResponse):
+    """
+    HTTP response to be sent back to the client.
+
+    :param body: the body content to be returned
+    :type body: Optional[bytes]
+    :param status: HTTP response number. **Default=200**
+    :type status: int
+    :param headers: headers to be returned
+    :type headers: Optional;
+    :param content_type: content type to be returned (as a header)
+    :type content_type: Optional[str]
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        body: Optional[Any] = None,
+        status: int = 200,
+        headers: Optional[Union[Header, Dict[str, str]]] = None,
+        content_type: Optional[str] = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.content_type: Optional[str] = content_type
+        self.body = self._encode_body(body)
+        self.status = status
+        self.headers = Header(headers or {})
+        self._cookies = None
+
+    async def eof(self):
+        await self.send("", True)
+
+    async def __aenter__(self):
+        return self.send
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, *_):
+        await self.eof()
+
+
+class JSONResponse(HTTPResponse):
+    """
+    HTTP response to be sent back to the client, when the response
+    is of json type. Offers several utilities to manipulate common
+    json data types.
+
+    :param body: the body content to be returned
+    :type body: Optional[Any]
+    :param status: HTTP response number. **Default=200**
+    :type status: int
+    :param headers: headers to be returned
+    :type headers: Optional
+    :param content_type: content type to be returned (as a header)
+    :type content_type: Optional[str]
+    :param dumps: json.dumps function to use
+    :type dumps: Optional[Callable]
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "_body",
+        "_body_manually_set",
+        "_initialized",
+        "_raw_body",
+        "_use_dumps",
+        "_use_dumps_kwargs",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        body: Optional[Any] = None,
+        status: int = 200,
+        headers: Optional[Union[Header, Dict[str, str]]] = None,
+        content_type: Optional[str] = None,
+        dumps: Optional[Callable[..., str]] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ):
+        self._initialized = False
+        self._body_manually_set = False
+
+        self._use_dumps = dumps or BaseHTTPResponse._dumps
+        self._use_dumps_kwargs = kwargs
+
+        self._raw_body = body
+
+        super().__init__(
+            self._encode_body(self._use_dumps(body, **self._use_dumps_kwargs)),
+            headers=headers,
+            status=status,
+            content_type=content_type,
+        )
+
+        self._initialized = True
+
+    def _check_body_not_manually_set(self):
+        if self._body_manually_set:
+            raise SanicException(
+                "Cannot use raw_body after body has been manually set."
+            )
+
+    @property
+    def raw_body(self) -> Optional[Any]:
+        """Returns the raw body, as long as body has not been manually
+        set previously.
+
+        NOTE: This object should not be mutated, as it will not be
+        reflected in the response body. If you need to mutate the
+        response body, consider using one of the provided methods in
+        this class or alternatively call set_body() with the mutated
+        object afterwards or set the raw_body property to it.
+        """
+
+        self._check_body_not_manually_set()
+        return self._raw_body
+
+    @raw_body.setter
+    def raw_body(self, value: Any):
+        self._body_manually_set = False
+        self._body = self._encode_body(
+            self._use_dumps(value, **self._use_dumps_kwargs)
+        )
+        self._raw_body = value
+
+    @property  # type: ignore
+    def body(self) -> Optional[bytes]:  # type: ignore
+        return self._body
+
+    @body.setter
+    def body(self, value: Optional[bytes]):
+        self._body = value
+        if not self._initialized:
+            return
+        self._body_manually_set = True
+
+    def set_body(
+        self,
+        body: Any,
+        dumps: Optional[Callable[..., str]] = None,
+        **dumps_kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Sets a new response body using the given dumps function
+        and kwargs, or falling back to the defaults given when
+        creating the object if none are specified.
+        """
+
+        self._body_manually_set = False
+        self._raw_body = body
+
+        use_dumps = dumps or self._use_dumps
+        use_dumps_kwargs = dumps_kwargs if dumps else self._use_dumps_kwargs
+
+        self._body = self._encode_body(use_dumps(body, **use_dumps_kwargs))
+
+    def append(self, value: Any) -> None:
+        """Appends a value to the response raw_body, ensuring that
+        body is kept up to date. This can only be used if raw_body
+        is a list.
+        """
+
+        self._check_body_not_manually_set()
+
+        if not isinstance(self._raw_body, list):
+            raise SanicException("Cannot append to a non-list object.")
+
+        self._raw_body.append(value)
+        self.raw_body = self._raw_body
+
+    def extend(self, value: Any) -> None:
+        """Extends the response's raw_body with the given values, ensuring
+        that body is kept up to date. This can only be used if raw_body is
+        a list.
+        """
+
+        self._check_body_not_manually_set()
+
+        if not isinstance(self._raw_body, list):
+            raise SanicException("Cannot extend a non-list object.")
+
+        self._raw_body.extend(value)
+        self.raw_body = self._raw_body
+
+    def update(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
+        """Updates the response's raw_body with the given values, ensuring
+        that body is kept up to date. This can only be used if raw_body is
+        a dict.
+        """
+
+        self._check_body_not_manually_set()
+
+        if not isinstance(self._raw_body, dict):
+            raise SanicException("Cannot update a non-dict object.")
+
+        self._raw_body.update(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.raw_body = self._raw_body
+
+    def pop(self, key: Any, default: Any = _default) -> Any:
+        """Pops a key from the response's raw_body, ensuring that body is
+        kept up to date. This can only be used if raw_body is a dict or a
+        list.
+        """
+
+        self._check_body_not_manually_set()
+
+        if not isinstance(self._raw_body, (list, dict)):
+            raise SanicException(
+                "Cannot pop from a non-list and non-dict object."
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(default, Default):
+            value = self._raw_body.pop(key)
+        elif isinstance(self._raw_body, list):
+            raise TypeError("pop doesn't accept a default argument for lists")
+        else:
+            value = self._raw_body.pop(key, default)
+
+        self.raw_body = self._raw_body
+
+        return value
+
+
+class ResponseStream:
+    """
+    ResponseStream is a compat layer to bridge the gap after the deprecation
+    of StreamingHTTPResponse. It will be removed when:
+    - file_stream is moved to new style streaming
+    - file and file_stream are combined into a single API
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "_cookies",
+        "content_type",
+        "headers",
+        "request",
+        "response",
+        "status",
+        "streaming_fn",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        streaming_fn: Callable[
+            [Union[BaseHTTPResponse, ResponseStream]],
+            Coroutine[Any, Any, None],
+        ],
+        status: int = 200,
+        headers: Optional[Union[Header, Dict[str, str]]] = None,
+        content_type: Optional[str] = None,
+    ):
+        self.streaming_fn = streaming_fn
+        self.status = status
+        self.headers = headers or Header()
+        self.content_type = content_type
+        self.request: Optional[Request] = None
+        self._cookies: Optional[CookieJar] = None
+
+    async def write(self, message: str):
+        await self.response.send(message)
+
+    async def stream(self) -> HTTPResponse:
+        if not self.request:
+            raise ServerError("Attempted response to unknown request")
+        self.response = await self.request.respond(
+            headers=self.headers,
+            status=self.status,
+            content_type=self.content_type,
+        )
+        await self.streaming_fn(self)
+        return self.response
+
+    async def eof(self) -> None:
+        await self.response.eof()
+
+    @property
+    def cookies(self) -> CookieJar:
+        if self._cookies is None:
+            self._cookies = CookieJar(self.headers)
+        return self._cookies
+
+    @property
+    def processed_headers(self):
+        return self.response.processed_headers
+
+    @property
+    def body(self):
+        return self.response.body
+
+    def __call__(self, request: Request) -> ResponseStream:
+        self.request = request
+        return self
+
+    def __await__(self):
+        return self.stream().__await__()

sanic/router.py

@@ -133,14 +133,14 @@ class Router(BaseRouter):
                 params.update({"requirements": {"host": host}})
 
             route = super().add(**params)  # type: ignore
-            route.ctx.ignore_body = ignore_body
-            route.ctx.stream = stream
-            route.ctx.hosts = hosts
-            route.ctx.static = static
-            route.ctx.error_format = error_format
+            route.extra.ignore_body = ignore_body
+            route.extra.stream = stream
+            route.extra.hosts = hosts
+            route.extra.static = static
+            route.extra.error_format = error_format
 
             if error_format:
-                check_error_format(route.ctx.error_format)
+                check_error_format(route.extra.error_format)
 
             routes.append(route)
 

sanic/server/legacy.py

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ from time import sleep
 
 def _iter_module_files():
     """This iterates over all relevant Python files.
-
     It goes through all
     loaded files from modules, all files in folders of already loaded modules
     as well as all files reachable through a package.
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ def restart_with_reloader(changed=None):
     this one.
     """
     reloaded = ",".join(changed) if changed else ""
-    return subprocess.Popen(
+    return subprocess.Popen(  # nosec B603
         _get_args_for_reloading(),
         env={
             **os.environ,
@@ -79,7 +78,6 @@ def _check_file(filename, mtimes):
 
 def watchdog(sleep_interval, reload_dirs):
     """Watch project files, restart worker process if a change happened.
-
     :param sleep_interval: interval in second.
     :return: Nothing
     """

sanic/server/loop.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import asyncio
+import sys
 
 from distutils.util import strtobool
 from os import getenv
@@ -47,3 +48,19 @@ def try_use_uvloop() -> None:
 
     if not isinstance(asyncio.get_event_loop_policy(), uvloop.EventLoopPolicy):
         asyncio.set_event_loop_policy(uvloop.EventLoopPolicy())
+
+
+def try_windows_loop():
+    if not OS_IS_WINDOWS:
+        error_logger.warning(
+            "You are trying to use an event loop policy that is not "
+            "compatible with your system. You can simply let Sanic handle "
+            "selecting the best loop for you. Sanic will now continue to run "
+            "using the default event loop."
+        )
+        return
+
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 8) and not isinstance(
+        asyncio.get_event_loop_policy(), asyncio.WindowsSelectorEventLoopPolicy
+    ):
+        asyncio.set_event_loop_policy(asyncio.WindowsSelectorEventLoopPolicy())

sanic/server/protocols/base_protocol.py

@@ -2,13 +2,14 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional
 
+from sanic.exceptions import RequestCancelled
+
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from sanic.app import Sanic
 
 import asyncio
 
-from asyncio import CancelledError
 from asyncio.transports import Transport
 from time import monotonic as current_time
 
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ class SanicProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
         """
         await self._can_write.wait()
         if self.transport.is_closing():
-            raise CancelledError
+            raise RequestCancelled
         self.transport.write(data)
         self._time = current_time()
 
@@ -120,6 +121,7 @@ class SanicProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
         try:
             self.connections.discard(self)
             self.resume_writing()
+            self.conn_info.lost = True
             if self._task:
                 self._task.cancel()
         except BaseException:

sanic/server/protocols/http_protocol.py

@@ -15,7 +15,11 @@ import sys
 from asyncio import CancelledError
 from time import monotonic as current_time
 
-from sanic.exceptions import RequestTimeout, ServiceUnavailable
+from sanic.exceptions import (
+    RequestCancelled,
+    RequestTimeout,
+    ServiceUnavailable,
+)
 from sanic.http import Http, Stage
 from sanic.log import Colors, error_logger, logger
 from sanic.models.server_types import ConnInfo
@@ -225,7 +229,7 @@ class HttpProtocol(HttpProtocolMixin, SanicProtocol, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
         """
         await self._can_write.wait()
         if self.transport.is_closing():
-            raise CancelledError
+            raise RequestCancelled
         await self.app.dispatch(
             "http.lifecycle.send",
             inline=True,
@@ -265,7 +269,6 @@ class HttpProtocol(HttpProtocolMixin, SanicProtocol, metaclass=TouchUpMeta):
             error_logger.exception("protocol.connect_made")
 
     def data_received(self, data: bytes):
-
         try:
             self._time = current_time()
             if not data:

sanic/server/protocols/websocket_protocol.py

@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional, Sequence, cast
 
-from websockets.connection import CLOSED, CLOSING, OPEN
-from websockets.server import ServerConnection
+
+try:  # websockets < 11.0
+    from websockets.connection import State
+    from websockets.server import ServerConnection as ServerProtocol
+except ImportError:  # websockets >= 11.0
+    from websockets.protocol import State  # type: ignore
+    from websockets.server import ServerProtocol  # type: ignore
+
 from websockets.typing import Subprotocol
 
 from sanic.exceptions import ServerError
@@ -15,6 +21,11 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from websockets import http11
 
 
+OPEN = State.OPEN
+CLOSING = State.CLOSING
+CLOSED = State.CLOSED
+
+
 class WebSocketProtocol(HttpProtocol):
     __slots__ = (
         "websocket",
@@ -74,7 +85,7 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(HttpProtocol):
         # Called by Sanic Server when shutting down
         # If we've upgraded to websocket, shut it down
         if self.websocket is not None:
-            if self.websocket.connection.state in (CLOSING, CLOSED):
+            if self.websocket.ws_proto.state in (CLOSING, CLOSED):
                 return True
             elif self.websocket.loop is not None:
                 self.websocket.loop.create_task(self.websocket.close(1001))
@@ -90,7 +101,7 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(HttpProtocol):
         try:
             if subprotocols is not None:
                 # subprotocols can be a set or frozenset,
-                # but ServerConnection needs a list
+                # but ServerProtocol needs a list
                 subprotocols = cast(
                     Optional[Sequence[Subprotocol]],
                     list(
@@ -100,13 +111,13 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(HttpProtocol):
                         ]
                     ),
                 )
-            ws_conn = ServerConnection(
+            ws_proto = ServerProtocol(
                 max_size=self.websocket_max_size,
                 subprotocols=subprotocols,
                 state=OPEN,
                 logger=logger,
             )
-            resp: "http11.Response" = ws_conn.accept(request)
+            resp: "http11.Response" = ws_proto.accept(request)
         except Exception:
             msg = (
                 "Failed to open a WebSocket connection.\n"
@@ -129,7 +140,7 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(HttpProtocol):
         else:
             raise ServerError(resp.body, resp.status_code)
         self.websocket = WebsocketImplProtocol(
-            ws_conn,
+            ws_proto,
             ping_interval=self.websocket_ping_interval,
             ping_timeout=self.websocket_ping_timeout,
             close_timeout=self.websocket_timeout,

sanic/server/runners.py

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ from signal import signal as signal_func
 from sanic.application.ext import setup_ext
 from sanic.compat import OS_IS_WINDOWS, ctrlc_workaround_for_windows
 from sanic.http.http3 import SessionTicketStore, get_config
-from sanic.log import error_logger, logger
+from sanic.log import error_logger, server_logger
 from sanic.models.server_types import Signal
 from sanic.server.async_server import AsyncioServer
 from sanic.server.protocols.http_protocol import Http3Protocol, HttpProtocol
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ def _setup_system_signals(
     run_multiple: bool,
     register_sys_signals: bool,
     loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop,
-) -> None:
+) -> None:  # no cov
     # Ignore SIGINT when run_multiple
     if run_multiple:
         signal_func(SIGINT, SIG_IGN)
@@ -141,18 +141,20 @@ def _setup_system_signals(
             ctrlc_workaround_for_windows(app)
         else:
             for _signal in [SIGTERM] if run_multiple else [SIGINT, SIGTERM]:
-                loop.add_signal_handler(_signal, app.stop)
+                loop.add_signal_handler(
+                    _signal, partial(app.stop, terminate=False)
+                )
 
 
 def _run_server_forever(loop, before_stop, after_stop, cleanup, unix):
     pid = os.getpid()
     try:
-        logger.info("Starting worker [%s]", pid)
+        server_logger.info("Starting worker [%s]", pid)
         loop.run_forever()
     except KeyboardInterrupt:
         pass
     finally:
-        logger.info("Stopping worker [%s]", pid)
+        server_logger.info("Stopping worker [%s]", pid)
 
         loop.run_until_complete(before_stop())
 
@@ -161,6 +163,7 @@ def _run_server_forever(loop, before_stop, after_stop, cleanup, unix):
 
         loop.run_until_complete(after_stop())
         remove_unix_socket(unix)
+        loop.close()
 
 
 def _serve_http_1(
@@ -197,8 +200,12 @@ def _serve_http_1(
     asyncio_server_kwargs = (
         asyncio_server_kwargs if asyncio_server_kwargs else {}
     )
+    if OS_IS_WINDOWS:
+        pid = os.getpid()
+        sock = sock.share(pid)
+        sock = socket.fromshare(sock)
     # UNIX sockets are always bound by us (to preserve semantics between modes)
-    if unix:
+    elif unix:
         sock = bind_unix_socket(unix, backlog=backlog)
     server_coroutine = loop.create_server(
         server,
@@ -365,7 +372,9 @@ def serve_multiple(server_settings, workers):
     processes = []
 
     def sig_handler(signal, frame):
-        logger.info("Received signal %s. Shutting down.", Signals(signal).name)
+        server_logger.info(
+            "Received signal %s. Shutting down.", Signals(signal).name
+        )
         for process in processes:
             os.kill(process.pid, SIGTERM)
 

sanic/server/socket.py

@@ -6,7 +6,10 @@ import socket
 import stat
 
 from ipaddress import ip_address
-from typing import Optional
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
+
+from sanic.exceptions import ServerError
+from sanic.http.constants import HTTP
 
 
 def bind_socket(host: str, port: int, *, backlog=100) -> socket.socket:
@@ -16,6 +19,8 @@ def bind_socket(host: str, port: int, *, backlog=100) -> socket.socket:
     :param backlog: Maximum number of connections to queue
     :return: socket.socket object
     """
+    location = (host, port)
+    # socket.share, socket.fromshare
     try:  # IP address: family must be specified for IPv6 at least
         ip = ip_address(host)
         host = str(ip)
@@ -25,8 +30,9 @@ def bind_socket(host: str, port: int, *, backlog=100) -> socket.socket:
     except ValueError:  # Hostname, may become AF_INET or AF_INET6
         sock = socket.socket()
     sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
-    sock.bind((host, port))
+    sock.bind(location)
     sock.listen(backlog)
+    sock.set_inheritable(True)
     return sock
 
 
@@ -36,7 +42,7 @@ def bind_unix_socket(path: str, *, mode=0o666, backlog=100) -> socket.socket:
     :param backlog: Maximum number of connections to queue
     :return: socket.socket object
     """
-    """Open or atomically replace existing socket with zero downtime."""
+
     # Sanitise and pre-verify socket path
     path = os.path.abspath(path)
     folder = os.path.dirname(path)
@@ -85,3 +91,40 @@ def remove_unix_socket(path: Optional[str]) -> None:
                     os.unlink(path)
     except FileNotFoundError:
         pass
+
+
+def configure_socket(
+    server_settings: Dict[str, Any]
+) -> Optional[socket.SocketType]:
+    # Create a listening socket or use the one in settings
+    if server_settings.get("version") is HTTP.VERSION_3:
+        return None
+    sock = server_settings.get("sock")
+    unix = server_settings["unix"]
+    backlog = server_settings["backlog"]
+    if unix:
+        sock = bind_unix_socket(unix, backlog=backlog)
+        server_settings["unix"] = unix
+    if sock is None:
+        try:
+            sock = bind_socket(
+                server_settings["host"],
+                server_settings["port"],
+                backlog=backlog,
+            )
+        except OSError as e:  # no cov
+            error = ServerError(
+                f"Sanic server could not start: {e}.\n\n"
+                "This may have happened if you are running Sanic in the "
+                "global scope and not inside of a "
+                '`if __name__ == "__main__"` block.\n\nSee more information: '
+                "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/manager.html#"
+                "how-sanic-server-starts-processes\n"
+            )
+            error.quiet = True
+            raise error
+        sock.set_inheritable(True)
+        server_settings["sock"] = sock
+        server_settings["host"] = None
+        server_settings["port"] = None
+    return sock

sanic/server/websockets/impl.py

@@ -12,21 +12,37 @@ from typing import (
     Union,
 )
 
-from websockets.connection import CLOSED, CLOSING, OPEN, Event
-from websockets.exceptions import ConnectionClosed, ConnectionClosedError
+from websockets.exceptions import (
+    ConnectionClosed,
+    ConnectionClosedError,
+    ConnectionClosedOK,
+)
 from websockets.frames import Frame, Opcode
-from websockets.server import ServerConnection
+
+
+try:  # websockets < 11.0
+    from websockets.connection import Event, State
+    from websockets.server import ServerConnection as ServerProtocol
+except ImportError:  # websockets >= 11.0
+    from websockets.protocol import Event, State  # type: ignore
+    from websockets.server import ServerProtocol  # type: ignore
+
 from websockets.typing import Data
 
-from sanic.log import error_logger, logger
+from sanic.log import deprecation, error_logger, logger
 from sanic.server.protocols.base_protocol import SanicProtocol
 
 from ...exceptions import ServerError, WebsocketClosed
 from .frame import WebsocketFrameAssembler
 
 
+OPEN = State.OPEN
+CLOSING = State.CLOSING
+CLOSED = State.CLOSED
+
+
 class WebsocketImplProtocol:
-    connection: ServerConnection
+    ws_proto: ServerProtocol
     io_proto: Optional[SanicProtocol]
     loop: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop]
     max_queue: int
@@ -52,14 +68,14 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        connection,
+        ws_proto,
         max_queue=None,
         ping_interval: Optional[float] = 20,
         ping_timeout: Optional[float] = 20,
         close_timeout: float = 10,
         loop=None,
     ):
-        self.connection = connection
+        self.ws_proto = ws_proto
         self.io_proto = None
         self.loop = None
         self.max_queue = max_queue
@@ -81,7 +97,16 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
 
     @property
     def subprotocol(self):
-        return self.connection.subprotocol
+        return self.ws_proto.subprotocol
+
+    @property
+    def connection(self):
+        deprecation(
+            "The connection property has been deprecated and will be removed. "
+            "Please use the ws_proto property instead going forward.",
+            22.6,
+        )
+        return self.ws_proto
 
     def pause_frames(self):
         if not self.can_pause:
@@ -252,7 +277,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
 
     def _force_disconnect(self) -> bool:
         """
-        Internal methdod used by end_connection and fail_connection
+        Internal method used by end_connection and fail_connection
         only when the graceful auto-closer cannot be used
         """
         if self.auto_closer_task and not self.auto_closer_task.done():
@@ -295,15 +320,15 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
             # Not draining the write buffer is acceptable in this context.
 
             # clear the send buffer
-            _ = self.connection.data_to_send()
+            _ = self.ws_proto.data_to_send()
             # If we're not already CLOSED or CLOSING, then send the close.
-            if self.connection.state is OPEN:
+            if self.ws_proto.state is OPEN:
                 if code in (1000, 1001):
-                    self.connection.send_close(code, reason)
+                    self.ws_proto.send_close(code, reason)
                 else:
-                    self.connection.fail(code, reason)
+                    self.ws_proto.fail(code, reason)
                 try:
-                    data_to_send = self.connection.data_to_send()
+                    data_to_send = self.ws_proto.data_to_send()
                     while (
                         len(data_to_send)
                         and self.io_proto
@@ -317,7 +342,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
                     ...
         if code == 1006:
             # Special case: 1006 consider the transport already closed
-            self.connection.state = CLOSED
+            self.ws_proto.state = CLOSED
         if self.data_finished_fut and not self.data_finished_fut.done():
             # We have a graceful auto-closer. Use it to close the connection.
             self.data_finished_fut.cancel()
@@ -338,10 +363,10 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
         # In Python Version 3.7: pause_reading is idempotent
         # i.e. it can be called when the transport is already paused or closed.
         self.io_proto.transport.pause_reading()
-        if self.connection.state == OPEN:
-            data_to_send = self.connection.data_to_send()
-            self.connection.send_close(code, reason)
-            data_to_send.extend(self.connection.data_to_send())
+        if self.ws_proto.state == OPEN:
+            data_to_send = self.ws_proto.data_to_send()
+            self.ws_proto.send_close(code, reason)
+            data_to_send.extend(self.ws_proto.data_to_send())
             try:
                 while (
                     len(data_to_send)
@@ -450,7 +475,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
         Raise ConnectionClosed in pending keepalive pings.
         They'll never receive a pong once the connection is closed.
         """
-        if self.connection.state is not CLOSED:
+        if self.ws_proto.state is not CLOSED:
             raise ServerError(
                 "Webscoket about_pings should only be called "
                 "after connection state is changed to CLOSED"
@@ -479,9 +504,9 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
             self.fail_connection(code, reason)
             return
         async with self.conn_mutex:
-            if self.connection.state is OPEN:
-                self.connection.send_close(code, reason)
-                data_to_send = self.connection.data_to_send()
+            if self.ws_proto.state is OPEN:
+                self.ws_proto.send_close(code, reason)
+                data_to_send = self.ws_proto.data_to_send()
                 await self.send_data(data_to_send)
 
     async def recv(self, timeout: Optional[float] = None) -> Optional[Data]:
@@ -511,7 +536,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
                 "already waiting for the next message"
             )
         await self.recv_lock.acquire()
-        if self.connection.state is CLOSED:
+        if self.ws_proto.state is CLOSED:
             self.recv_lock.release()
             raise WebsocketClosed(
                 "Cannot receive from websocket interface after it is closed."
@@ -562,7 +587,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
                 "for the next message"
             )
         await self.recv_lock.acquire()
-        if self.connection.state is CLOSED:
+        if self.ws_proto.state is CLOSED:
             self.recv_lock.release()
             raise WebsocketClosed(
                 "Cannot receive from websocket interface after it is closed."
@@ -621,7 +646,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
                 "is already waiting for the next message"
             )
         await self.recv_lock.acquire()
-        if self.connection.state is CLOSED:
+        if self.ws_proto.state is CLOSED:
             self.recv_lock.release()
             raise WebsocketClosed(
                 "Cannot receive from websocket interface after it is closed."
@@ -662,7 +687,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
         """
         async with self.conn_mutex:
 
-            if self.connection.state in (CLOSED, CLOSING):
+            if self.ws_proto.state in (CLOSED, CLOSING):
                 raise WebsocketClosed(
                     "Cannot write to websocket interface after it is closed."
                 )
@@ -675,12 +700,12 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
             # strings and bytes-like objects are iterable.
 
             if isinstance(message, str):
-                self.connection.send_text(message.encode("utf-8"))
-                await self.send_data(self.connection.data_to_send())
+                self.ws_proto.send_text(message.encode("utf-8"))
+                await self.send_data(self.ws_proto.data_to_send())
 
             elif isinstance(message, (bytes, bytearray, memoryview)):
-                self.connection.send_binary(message)
-                await self.send_data(self.connection.data_to_send())
+                self.ws_proto.send_binary(message)
+                await self.send_data(self.ws_proto.data_to_send())
 
             elif isinstance(message, Mapping):
                 # Catch a common mistake -- passing a dict to send().
@@ -709,7 +734,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
         (which will be encoded to UTF-8) or a bytes-like object.
         """
         async with self.conn_mutex:
-            if self.connection.state in (CLOSED, CLOSING):
+            if self.ws_proto.state in (CLOSED, CLOSING):
                 raise WebsocketClosed(
                     "Cannot send a ping when the websocket interface "
                     "is closed."
@@ -737,8 +762,8 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
 
             self.pings[data] = self.io_proto.loop.create_future()
 
-            self.connection.send_ping(data)
-            await self.send_data(self.connection.data_to_send())
+            self.ws_proto.send_ping(data)
+            await self.send_data(self.ws_proto.data_to_send())
 
             return asyncio.shield(self.pings[data])
 
@@ -750,15 +775,15 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
         be a string (which will be encoded to UTF-8) or a bytes-like object.
         """
         async with self.conn_mutex:
-            if self.connection.state in (CLOSED, CLOSING):
+            if self.ws_proto.state in (CLOSED, CLOSING):
                 # Cannot send pong after transport is shutting down
                 return
             if isinstance(data, str):
                 data = data.encode("utf-8")
             elif isinstance(data, (bytearray, memoryview)):
                 data = bytes(data)
-            self.connection.send_pong(data)
-            await self.send_data(self.connection.data_to_send())
+            self.ws_proto.send_pong(data)
+            await self.send_data(self.ws_proto.data_to_send())
 
     async def send_data(self, data_to_send):
         for data in data_to_send:
@@ -780,7 +805,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
                     SanicProtocol.close(self.io_proto, timeout=1.0)
 
     async def async_data_received(self, data_to_send, events_to_process):
-        if self.connection.state in (OPEN, CLOSING) and len(data_to_send) > 0:
+        if self.ws_proto.state in (OPEN, CLOSING) and len(data_to_send) > 0:
             # receiving data can generate data to send (eg, pong for a ping)
             # send connection.data_to_send()
             await self.send_data(data_to_send)
@@ -788,9 +813,9 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
             await self.process_events(events_to_process)
 
     def data_received(self, data):
-        self.connection.receive_data(data)
-        data_to_send = self.connection.data_to_send()
-        events_to_process = self.connection.events_received()
+        self.ws_proto.receive_data(data)
+        data_to_send = self.ws_proto.data_to_send()
+        events_to_process = self.ws_proto.events_received()
         if len(data_to_send) > 0 or len(events_to_process) > 0:
             asyncio.create_task(
                 self.async_data_received(data_to_send, events_to_process)
@@ -799,7 +824,7 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
     async def async_eof_received(self, data_to_send, events_to_process):
         # receiving EOF can generate data to send
         # send connection.data_to_send()
-        if self.connection.state in (OPEN, CLOSING) and len(data_to_send) > 0:
+        if self.ws_proto.state in (OPEN, CLOSING) and len(data_to_send) > 0:
             await self.send_data(data_to_send)
         if len(events_to_process) > 0:
             await self.process_events(events_to_process)
@@ -819,9 +844,9 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
             SanicProtocol.close(self.io_proto, timeout=1.0)
 
     def eof_received(self) -> Optional[bool]:
-        self.connection.receive_eof()
-        data_to_send = self.connection.data_to_send()
-        events_to_process = self.connection.events_received()
+        self.ws_proto.receive_eof()
+        data_to_send = self.ws_proto.data_to_send()
+        events_to_process = self.ws_proto.events_received()
         asyncio.create_task(
             self.async_eof_received(data_to_send, events_to_process)
         )
@@ -831,12 +856,19 @@ class WebsocketImplProtocol:
         """
         The WebSocket Connection is Closed.
         """
-        if not self.connection.state == CLOSED:
+        if not self.ws_proto.state == CLOSED:
             # signal to the websocket connection handler
             # we've lost the connection
-            self.connection.fail(code=1006)
-            self.connection.state = CLOSED
+            self.ws_proto.fail(code=1006)
+            self.ws_proto.state = CLOSED
 
         self.abort_pings()
         if self.connection_lost_waiter:
             self.connection_lost_waiter.set_result(None)
+
+    async def __aiter__(self):
+        try:
+            while True:
+                yield await self.recv()
+        except ConnectionClosedOK:
+            return

sanic/signals.py

@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ class Event(Enum):
     HTTP_LIFECYCLE_RESPONSE = "http.lifecycle.response"
     HTTP_ROUTING_AFTER = "http.routing.after"
     HTTP_ROUTING_BEFORE = "http.routing.before"
+    HTTP_HANDLER_AFTER = "http.handler.after"
+    HTTP_HANDLER_BEFORE = "http.handler.before"
     HTTP_LIFECYCLE_SEND = "http.lifecycle.send"
     HTTP_MIDDLEWARE_AFTER = "http.middleware.after"
     HTTP_MIDDLEWARE_BEFORE = "http.middleware.before"
@@ -53,6 +55,8 @@ RESERVED_NAMESPACES = {
         Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_RESPONSE.value,
         Event.HTTP_ROUTING_AFTER.value,
         Event.HTTP_ROUTING_BEFORE.value,
+        Event.HTTP_HANDLER_AFTER.value,
+        Event.HTTP_HANDLER_BEFORE.value,
         Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_SEND.value,
         Event.HTTP_MIDDLEWARE_AFTER.value,
         Event.HTTP_MIDDLEWARE_BEFORE.value,
@@ -150,13 +154,13 @@ class SignalRouter(BaseRouter):
         try:
             for signal in signals:
                 params.pop("__trigger__", None)
+                requirements = getattr(
+                    signal.handler, "__requirements__", None
+                )
                 if (
                     (condition is None and signal.ctx.exclusive is False)
-                    or (
-                        condition is None
-                        and not signal.handler.__requirements__
-                    )
-                    or (condition == signal.handler.__requirements__)
+                    or (condition is None and not requirements)
+                    or (condition == requirements)
                 ) and (signal.ctx.trigger or event == signal.ctx.definition):
                     maybe_coroutine = signal.handler(**params)
                     if isawaitable(maybe_coroutine):
@@ -187,7 +191,7 @@ class SignalRouter(BaseRouter):
             fail_not_found=fail_not_found and inline,
             reverse=reverse,
         )
-        logger.debug(f"Dispatching signal: {event}")
+        logger.debug(f"Dispatching signal: {event}", extra={"verbosity": 1})
 
         if inline:
             return await dispatch

sanic/types/shared_ctx.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import os
+
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+from typing import Any, Iterable
+
+from sanic.log import Colors, error_logger
+
+
+class SharedContext(SimpleNamespace):
+    SAFE = ("_lock",)
+
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+        self._lock = False
+
+    def __setattr__(self, name: str, value: Any) -> None:
+        if self.is_locked:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"Cannot set {name} on locked SharedContext object"
+            )
+        if not os.environ.get("SANIC_WORKER_NAME"):
+            to_check: Iterable[Any]
+            if not isinstance(value, (tuple, frozenset)):
+                to_check = [value]
+            else:
+                to_check = value
+            for item in to_check:
+                self._check(name, item)
+        super().__setattr__(name, value)
+
+    def _check(self, name: str, value: Any) -> None:
+        if name in self.SAFE:
+            return
+        try:
+            module = value.__module__
+        except AttributeError:
+            module = ""
+        if not any(
+            module.startswith(prefix)
+            for prefix in ("multiprocessing", "ctypes")
+        ):
+            error_logger.warning(
+                f"{Colors.YELLOW}Unsafe object {Colors.PURPLE}{name} "
+                f"{Colors.YELLOW}with type {Colors.PURPLE}{type(value)} "
+                f"{Colors.YELLOW}was added to shared_ctx. It may not "
+                "not function as intended. Consider using the regular "
+                f"ctx.\nFor more information, please see https://sanic.dev/en"
+                "/guide/deployment/manager.html#using-shared-context-between-"
+                f"worker-processes.{Colors.END}"
+            )
+
+    @property
+    def is_locked(self) -> bool:
+        return getattr(self, "_lock", False)
+
+    def lock(self) -> None:
+        self._lock = True

sanic/worker/inspector.py

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+import sys
+
+from datetime import datetime
+from multiprocessing.connection import Connection
+from signal import SIGINT, SIGTERM
+from signal import signal as signal_func
+from socket import AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, socket, timeout
+from textwrap import indent
+from typing import Any, Dict
+
+from sanic.application.logo import get_logo
+from sanic.application.motd import MOTDTTY
+from sanic.log import Colors, error_logger, logger
+from sanic.server.socket import configure_socket
+
+
+try:  # no cov
+    from ujson import dumps, loads
+except ModuleNotFoundError:  # no cov
+    from json import dumps, loads  # type: ignore
+
+
+class Inspector:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        publisher: Connection,
+        app_info: Dict[str, Any],
+        worker_state: Dict[str, Any],
+        host: str,
+        port: int,
+    ):
+        self._publisher = publisher
+        self.run = True
+        self.app_info = app_info
+        self.worker_state = worker_state
+        self.host = host
+        self.port = port
+
+    def __call__(self) -> None:
+        sock = configure_socket(
+            {"host": self.host, "port": self.port, "unix": None, "backlog": 1}
+        )
+        assert sock
+        signal_func(SIGINT, self.stop)
+        signal_func(SIGTERM, self.stop)
+
+        logger.info(f"Inspector started on: {sock.getsockname()}")
+        sock.settimeout(0.5)
+        try:
+            while self.run:
+                try:
+                    conn, _ = sock.accept()
+                except timeout:
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    action = conn.recv(64)
+                    if action == b"reload":
+                        conn.send(b"\n")
+                        self.reload()
+                    elif action == b"shutdown":
+                        conn.send(b"\n")
+                        self.shutdown()
+                    else:
+                        data = dumps(self.state_to_json())
+                        conn.send(data.encode())
+                        conn.close()
+        finally:
+            logger.debug("Inspector closing")
+            sock.close()
+
+    def stop(self, *_):
+        self.run = False
+
+    def state_to_json(self):
+        output = {"info": self.app_info}
+        output["workers"] = self.make_safe(dict(self.worker_state))
+        return output
+
+    def reload(self):
+        message = "__ALL_PROCESSES__:"
+        self._publisher.send(message)
+
+    def shutdown(self):
+        message = "__TERMINATE__"
+        self._publisher.send(message)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def make_safe(obj: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        for key, value in obj.items():
+            if isinstance(value, dict):
+                obj[key] = Inspector.make_safe(value)
+            elif isinstance(value, datetime):
+                obj[key] = value.isoformat()
+        return obj
+
+
+def inspect(host: str, port: int, action: str):
+    out = sys.stdout.write
+    with socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM) as sock:
+        try:
+            sock.connect((host, port))
+        except ConnectionRefusedError:
+            error_logger.error(
+                f"{Colors.RED}Could not connect to inspector at: "
+                f"{Colors.YELLOW}{(host, port)}{Colors.END}\n"
+                "Either the application is not running, or it did not start "
+                "an inspector instance."
+            )
+            sock.close()
+            sys.exit(1)
+        sock.sendall(action.encode())
+        data = sock.recv(4096)
+    if action == "raw":
+        out(data.decode())
+    elif action == "pretty":
+        loaded = loads(data)
+        display = loaded.pop("info")
+        extra = display.pop("extra", {})
+        display["packages"] = ", ".join(display["packages"])
+        MOTDTTY(get_logo(), f"{host}:{port}", display, extra).display(
+            version=False,
+            action="Inspecting",
+            out=out,
+        )
+        for name, info in loaded["workers"].items():
+            info = "\n".join(
+                f"\t{key}: {Colors.BLUE}{value}{Colors.END}"
+                for key, value in info.items()
+            )
+            out(
+                "\n"
+                + indent(
+                    "\n".join(
+                        [
+                            f"{Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}{name}{Colors.END}",
+                            info,
+                        ]
+                    ),
+                    "  ",
+                )
+                + "\n"
+            )

sanic/worker/loader.py

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+from importlib import import_module
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Dict, Optional, Union, cast
+
+from sanic.http.tls.context import process_to_context
+from sanic.http.tls.creators import MkcertCreator, TrustmeCreator
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from sanic import Sanic as SanicApp
+
+
+class AppLoader:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        module_input: str = "",
+        as_factory: bool = False,
+        as_simple: bool = False,
+        args: Any = None,
+        factory: Optional[Callable[[], SanicApp]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.module_input = module_input
+        self.module_name = ""
+        self.app_name = ""
+        self.as_factory = as_factory
+        self.as_simple = as_simple
+        self.args = args
+        self.factory = factory
+        self.cwd = os.getcwd()
+
+        if module_input:
+            delimiter = ":" if ":" in module_input else "."
+            if module_input.count(delimiter):
+                module_name, app_name = module_input.rsplit(delimiter, 1)
+                self.module_name = module_name
+                self.app_name = app_name
+                if self.app_name.endswith("()"):
+                    self.as_factory = True
+                    self.app_name = self.app_name[:-2]
+
+    def load(self) -> SanicApp:
+        module_path = os.path.abspath(self.cwd)
+        if module_path not in sys.path:
+            sys.path.append(module_path)
+
+        if self.factory:
+            return self.factory()
+        else:
+            from sanic.app import Sanic
+            from sanic.simple import create_simple_server
+
+            if self.as_simple:
+                path = Path(self.module_input)
+                app = create_simple_server(path)
+            else:
+                if self.module_name == "" and os.path.isdir(self.module_input):
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        "App not found.\n"
+                        "   Please use --simple if you are passing a "
+                        "directory to sanic.\n"
+                        f"   eg. sanic {self.module_input} --simple"
+                    )
+
+                module = import_module(self.module_name)
+                app = getattr(module, self.app_name, None)
+                if self.as_factory:
+                    try:
+                        app = app(self.args)
+                    except TypeError:
+                        app = app()
+
+                app_type_name = type(app).__name__
+
+                if (
+                    not isinstance(app, Sanic)
+                    and self.args
+                    and hasattr(self.args, "module")
+                ):
+                    if callable(app):
+                        solution = f"sanic {self.args.module} --factory"
+                        raise ValueError(
+                            "Module is not a Sanic app, it is a "
+                            f"{app_type_name}\n"
+                            "  If this callable returns a "
+                            f"Sanic instance try: \n{solution}"
+                        )
+
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        f"Module is not a Sanic app, it is a {app_type_name}\n"
+                        f"  Perhaps you meant {self.args.module}:app?"
+                    )
+        return app
+
+
+class CertLoader:
+    _creators = {
+        "mkcert": MkcertCreator,
+        "trustme": TrustmeCreator,
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, ssl_data: Dict[str, Union[str, os.PathLike]]):
+        self._ssl_data = ssl_data
+
+        creator_name = cast(str, ssl_data.get("creator"))
+
+        self._creator_class = self._creators.get(creator_name)
+        if not creator_name:
+            return
+
+        if not self._creator_class:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Unknown certificate creator: {creator_name}")
+
+        self._key = ssl_data["key"]
+        self._cert = ssl_data["cert"]
+        self._localhost = cast(str, ssl_data["localhost"])
+
+    def load(self, app: SanicApp):
+        if not self._creator_class:
+            return process_to_context(self._ssl_data)
+
+        creator = self._creator_class(app, self._key, self._cert)
+        return creator.generate_cert(self._localhost)

sanic/worker/manager.py

@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+import os
+
+from signal import SIGINT, SIGTERM, Signals
+from signal import signal as signal_func
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+from sanic.compat import OS_IS_WINDOWS
+from sanic.constants import RestartOrder
+from sanic.exceptions import ServerKilled
+from sanic.log import error_logger, logger
+from sanic.worker.process import ProcessState, Worker, WorkerProcess
+
+
+if not OS_IS_WINDOWS:
+    from signal import SIGKILL
+else:
+    SIGKILL = SIGINT
+
+
+class WorkerManager:
+    THRESHOLD = 300  # == 30 seconds
+    MAIN_IDENT = "Sanic-Main"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        number: int,
+        serve,
+        server_settings,
+        context,
+        monitor_pubsub,
+        worker_state,
+        restart_order: RestartOrder = RestartOrder.SHUTDOWN_FIRST,
+    ):
+        self.num_server = number
+        self.context = context
+        self.transient: List[Worker] = []
+        self.durable: List[Worker] = []
+        self.monitor_publisher, self.monitor_subscriber = monitor_pubsub
+        self.worker_state = worker_state
+        self.worker_state[self.MAIN_IDENT] = {"pid": self.pid}
+        self.terminated = False
+        self.restart_order = restart_order
+
+        if number == 0:
+            raise RuntimeError("Cannot serve with no workers")
+
+        for i in range(number):
+            self.manage(
+                f"{WorkerProcess.SERVER_LABEL}-{i}",
+                serve,
+                server_settings,
+                transient=True,
+            )
+
+        signal_func(SIGINT, self.shutdown_signal)
+        signal_func(SIGTERM, self.shutdown_signal)
+
+    def manage(self, ident, func, kwargs, transient=False):
+        container = self.transient if transient else self.durable
+        container.append(
+            Worker(
+                ident,
+                func,
+                kwargs,
+                self.context,
+                self.worker_state,
+                self.restart_order,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.start()
+        self.monitor()
+        self.join()
+        self.terminate()
+        # self.kill()
+
+    def start(self):
+        for process in self.processes:
+            process.start()
+
+    def join(self):
+        logger.debug("Joining processes", extra={"verbosity": 1})
+        joined = set()
+        for process in self.processes:
+            logger.debug(
+                f"Found {process.pid} - {process.state.name}",
+                extra={"verbosity": 1},
+            )
+            if process.state < ProcessState.JOINED:
+                logger.debug(f"Joining {process.pid}", extra={"verbosity": 1})
+                joined.add(process.pid)
+                process.join()
+        if joined:
+            self.join()
+
+    def terminate(self):
+        if not self.terminated:
+            for process in self.processes:
+                process.terminate()
+        self.terminated = True
+
+    def restart(self, process_names: Optional[List[str]] = None, **kwargs):
+        for process in self.transient_processes:
+            if not process_names or process.name in process_names:
+                process.restart(**kwargs)
+
+    def monitor(self):
+        self.wait_for_ack()
+        while True:
+            try:
+                if self.monitor_subscriber.poll(0.1):
+                    message = self.monitor_subscriber.recv()
+                    logger.debug(
+                        f"Monitor message: {message}", extra={"verbosity": 2}
+                    )
+                    if not message:
+                        break
+                    elif message == "__TERMINATE__":
+                        self.shutdown()
+                        break
+                    split_message = message.split(":", 1)
+                    processes = split_message[0]
+                    reloaded_files = (
+                        split_message[1] if len(split_message) > 1 else None
+                    )
+                    process_names = [
+                        name.strip() for name in processes.split(",")
+                    ]
+                    if "__ALL_PROCESSES__" in process_names:
+                        process_names = None
+                    self.restart(
+                        process_names=process_names,
+                        reloaded_files=reloaded_files,
+                    )
+                self._sync_states()
+            except InterruptedError:
+                if not OS_IS_WINDOWS:
+                    raise
+                break
+
+    def _sync_states(self):
+        for process in self.processes:
+            state = self.worker_state[process.name].get("state")
+            if state and process.state.name != state:
+                process.set_state(ProcessState[state], True)
+
+    def wait_for_ack(self):  # no cov
+        misses = 0
+        message = (
+            "It seems that one or more of your workers failed to come "
+            "online in the allowed time. Sanic is shutting down to avoid a "
+            f"deadlock. The current threshold is {self.THRESHOLD / 10}s. "
+            "If this problem persists, please check out the documentation "
+            "___."
+        )
+        while not self._all_workers_ack():
+            if self.monitor_subscriber.poll(0.1):
+                monitor_msg = self.monitor_subscriber.recv()
+                if monitor_msg != "__TERMINATE_EARLY__":
+                    self.monitor_publisher.send(monitor_msg)
+                    continue
+                misses = self.THRESHOLD
+                message = (
+                    "One of your worker processes terminated before startup "
+                    "was completed. Please solve any errors experienced "
+                    "during startup. If you do not see an exception traceback "
+                    "in your error logs, try running Sanic in in a single "
+                    "process using --single-process or single_process=True. "
+                    "Once you are confident that the server is able to start "
+                    "without errors you can switch back to multiprocess mode."
+                )
+            misses += 1
+            if misses > self.THRESHOLD:
+                error_logger.error(
+                    "Not all workers acknowledged a successful startup. "
+                    "Shutting down.\n\n" + message
+                )
+                self.kill()
+
+    @property
+    def workers(self):
+        return self.transient + self.durable
+
+    @property
+    def processes(self):
+        for worker in self.workers:
+            for process in worker.processes:
+                yield process
+
+    @property
+    def transient_processes(self):
+        for worker in self.transient:
+            for process in worker.processes:
+                yield process
+
+    def kill(self):
+        for process in self.processes:
+            logger.info("Killing %s [%s]", process.name, process.pid)
+            os.kill(process.pid, SIGKILL)
+        raise ServerKilled
+
+    def shutdown_signal(self, signal, frame):
+        logger.info("Received signal %s. Shutting down.", Signals(signal).name)
+        self.monitor_publisher.send(None)
+        self.shutdown()
+
+    def shutdown(self):
+        for process in self.processes:
+            if process.is_alive():
+                process.terminate()
+
+    @property
+    def pid(self):
+        return os.getpid()
+
+    def _all_workers_ack(self):
+        acked = [
+            worker_state.get("state") == ProcessState.ACKED.name
+            for worker_state in self.worker_state.values()
+            if worker_state.get("server")
+        ]
+        return all(acked) and len(acked) == self.num_server

sanic/worker/multiplexer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+from multiprocessing.connection import Connection
+from os import environ, getpid
+from typing import Any, Dict
+
+from sanic.worker.process import ProcessState
+from sanic.worker.state import WorkerState
+
+
+class WorkerMultiplexer:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        monitor_publisher: Connection,
+        worker_state: Dict[str, Any],
+    ):
+        self._monitor_publisher = monitor_publisher
+        self._state = WorkerState(worker_state, self.name)
+
+    def ack(self):
+        self._state._state[self.name] = {
+            **self._state._state[self.name],
+            "state": ProcessState.ACKED.name,
+        }
+
+    def restart(self, name: str = "", all_workers: bool = False):
+        if name and all_workers:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Ambiguous restart with both a named process and"
+                " all_workers=True"
+            )
+        if not name:
+            name = "__ALL_PROCESSES__:" if all_workers else self.name
+        self._monitor_publisher.send(name)
+
+    reload = restart  # no cov
+
+    def terminate(self, early: bool = False):
+        message = "__TERMINATE_EARLY__" if early else "__TERMINATE__"
+        self._monitor_publisher.send(message)
+
+    @property
+    def pid(self) -> int:
+        return getpid()
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return environ.get("SANIC_WORKER_NAME", "")
+
+    @property
+    def state(self):
+        return self._state
+
+    @property
+    def workers(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return self.state.full()

sanic/worker/process.py

@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+import os
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from enum import IntEnum, auto
+from multiprocessing.context import BaseContext
+from signal import SIGINT
+from threading import Thread
+from typing import Any, Dict, Set
+
+from sanic.constants import RestartOrder
+from sanic.log import Colors, logger
+
+
+def get_now():
+    now = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc)
+    return now
+
+
+class ProcessState(IntEnum):
+    IDLE = auto()
+    RESTARTING = auto()
+    STARTING = auto()
+    STARTED = auto()
+    ACKED = auto()
+    JOINED = auto()
+    TERMINATED = auto()
+
+
+class WorkerProcess:
+    SERVER_LABEL = "Server"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        factory,
+        name,
+        target,
+        kwargs,
+        worker_state,
+        restart_order: RestartOrder,
+    ):
+        self.state = ProcessState.IDLE
+        self.factory = factory
+        self.name = name
+        self.target = target
+        self.kwargs = kwargs
+        self.worker_state = worker_state
+        self.restart_order = restart_order
+        if self.name not in self.worker_state:
+            self.worker_state[self.name] = {
+                "server": self.SERVER_LABEL in self.name
+            }
+        self.spawn()
+
+    def set_state(self, state: ProcessState, force=False):
+        if not force and state < self.state:
+            raise Exception("...")
+        self.state = state
+        self.worker_state[self.name] = {
+            **self.worker_state[self.name],
+            "state": self.state.name,
+        }
+
+    def start(self):
+        os.environ["SANIC_WORKER_NAME"] = self.name
+        logger.debug(
+            f"{Colors.BLUE}Starting a process: {Colors.BOLD}"
+            f"{Colors.SANIC}%s{Colors.END}",
+            self.name,
+        )
+        self.set_state(ProcessState.STARTING)
+        self._current_process.start()
+        self.set_state(ProcessState.STARTED)
+        if not self.worker_state[self.name].get("starts"):
+            self.worker_state[self.name] = {
+                **self.worker_state[self.name],
+                "pid": self.pid,
+                "start_at": get_now(),
+                "starts": 1,
+            }
+        del os.environ["SANIC_WORKER_NAME"]
+
+    def join(self):
+        self.set_state(ProcessState.JOINED)
+        self._current_process.join()
+
+    def terminate(self):
+        if self.state is not ProcessState.TERMINATED:
+            logger.debug(
+                f"{Colors.BLUE}Terminating a process: "
+                f"{Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}"
+                f"%s {Colors.BLUE}[%s]{Colors.END}",
+                self.name,
+                self.pid,
+            )
+            self.set_state(ProcessState.TERMINATED, force=True)
+            try:
+                os.kill(self.pid, SIGINT)
+                del self.worker_state[self.name]
+            except (KeyError, AttributeError, ProcessLookupError):
+                ...
+
+    def restart(self, **kwargs):
+        logger.debug(
+            f"{Colors.BLUE}Restarting a process: {Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}"
+            f"%s {Colors.BLUE}[%s]{Colors.END}",
+            self.name,
+            self.pid,
+        )
+        self.set_state(ProcessState.RESTARTING, force=True)
+        if self.restart_order is RestartOrder.SHUTDOWN_FIRST:
+            self._terminate_now()
+        else:
+            self._old_process = self._current_process
+        self.kwargs.update(
+            {"config": {k.upper(): v for k, v in kwargs.items()}}
+        )
+        try:
+            self.spawn()
+            self.start()
+        except AttributeError:
+            raise RuntimeError("Restart failed")
+
+        if self.restart_order is RestartOrder.STARTUP_FIRST:
+            self._terminate_soon()
+
+        self.worker_state[self.name] = {
+            **self.worker_state[self.name],
+            "pid": self.pid,
+            "starts": self.worker_state[self.name]["starts"] + 1,
+            "restart_at": get_now(),
+        }
+
+    def _terminate_now(self):
+        logger.debug(
+            f"{Colors.BLUE}Begin restart termination: "
+            f"{Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}"
+            f"%s {Colors.BLUE}[%s]{Colors.END}",
+            self.name,
+            self._current_process.pid,
+        )
+        self._current_process.terminate()
+
+    def _terminate_soon(self):
+        logger.debug(
+            f"{Colors.BLUE}Begin restart termination: "
+            f"{Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}"
+            f"%s {Colors.BLUE}[%s]{Colors.END}",
+            self.name,
+            self._current_process.pid,
+        )
+        termination_thread = Thread(target=self._wait_to_terminate)
+        termination_thread.start()
+
+    def _wait_to_terminate(self):
+        logger.debug(
+            f"{Colors.BLUE}Waiting for process to be acked: "
+            f"{Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}"
+            f"%s {Colors.BLUE}[%s]{Colors.END}",
+            self.name,
+            self._old_process.pid,
+        )
+        # TODO: Add a timeout?
+        while self.state is not ProcessState.ACKED:
+            ...
+        else:
+            logger.debug(
+                f"{Colors.BLUE}Process acked. Terminating: "
+                f"{Colors.BOLD}{Colors.SANIC}"
+                f"%s {Colors.BLUE}[%s]{Colors.END}",
+                self.name,
+                self._old_process.pid,
+            )
+            self._old_process.terminate()
+        delattr(self, "_old_process")
+
+    def is_alive(self):
+        try:
+            return self._current_process.is_alive()
+        except AssertionError:
+            return False
+
+    def spawn(self):
+        if self.state not in (ProcessState.IDLE, ProcessState.RESTARTING):
+            raise Exception("Cannot spawn a worker process until it is idle.")
+        self._current_process = self.factory(
+            name=self.name,
+            target=self.target,
+            kwargs=self.kwargs,
+            daemon=True,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def pid(self):
+        return self._current_process.pid
+
+
+class Worker:
+    WORKER_PREFIX = "Sanic-"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        ident: str,
+        serve,
+        server_settings,
+        context: BaseContext,
+        worker_state: Dict[str, Any],
+        restart_order: RestartOrder,
+    ):
+        self.ident = f"{self.WORKER_PREFIX}{ident}"
+        self.context = context
+        self.serve = serve
+        self.server_settings = server_settings
+        self.worker_state = worker_state
+        self.processes: Set[WorkerProcess] = set()
+        self.restart_order = restart_order
+        self.create_process()
+
+    def create_process(self) -> WorkerProcess:
+        process = WorkerProcess(
+            factory=self.context.Process,
+            name=f"{self.ident}-{len(self.processes)}",
+            target=self.serve,
+            kwargs={**self.server_settings},
+            worker_state=self.worker_state,
+            restart_order=self.restart_order,
+        )
+        self.processes.add(process)
+        return process

sanic/worker/reloader.py

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+from asyncio import new_event_loop
+from itertools import chain
+from multiprocessing.connection import Connection
+from pathlib import Path
+from signal import SIGINT, SIGTERM
+from signal import signal as signal_func
+from time import sleep
+from typing import Dict, Set
+
+from sanic.server.events import trigger_events
+from sanic.worker.loader import AppLoader
+
+
+class Reloader:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        publisher: Connection,
+        interval: float,
+        reload_dirs: Set[Path],
+        app_loader: AppLoader,
+    ):
+        self._publisher = publisher
+        self.interval = interval
+        self.reload_dirs = reload_dirs
+        self.run = True
+        self.app_loader = app_loader
+
+    def __call__(self) -> None:
+        app = self.app_loader.load()
+        signal_func(SIGINT, self.stop)
+        signal_func(SIGTERM, self.stop)
+        mtimes: Dict[str, float] = {}
+
+        reloader_start = app.listeners.get("reload_process_start")
+        reloader_stop = app.listeners.get("reload_process_stop")
+        before_trigger = app.listeners.get("before_reload_trigger")
+        after_trigger = app.listeners.get("after_reload_trigger")
+        loop = new_event_loop()
+        if reloader_start:
+            trigger_events(reloader_start, loop, app)
+
+        while self.run:
+            changed = set()
+            for filename in self.files():
+                try:
+                    if self.check_file(filename, mtimes):
+                        path = (
+                            filename
+                            if isinstance(filename, str)
+                            else filename.resolve()
+                        )
+                        changed.add(str(path))
+                except OSError:
+                    continue
+            if changed:
+                if before_trigger:
+                    trigger_events(before_trigger, loop, app)
+                self.reload(",".join(changed) if changed else "unknown")
+                if after_trigger:
+                    trigger_events(after_trigger, loop, app)
+            sleep(self.interval)
+        else:
+            if reloader_stop:
+                trigger_events(reloader_stop, loop, app)
+
+    def stop(self, *_):
+        self.run = False
+
+    def reload(self, reloaded_files):
+        message = f"__ALL_PROCESSES__:{reloaded_files}"
+        self._publisher.send(message)
+
+    def files(self):
+        return chain(
+            self.python_files(),
+            *(d.glob("**/*") for d in self.reload_dirs),
+        )
+
+    def python_files(self):  # no cov
+        """This iterates over all relevant Python files.
+
+        It goes through all
+        loaded files from modules, all files in folders of already loaded
+        modules as well as all files reachable through a package.
+        """
+        # The list call is necessary on Python 3 in case the module
+        # dictionary modifies during iteration.
+        for module in list(sys.modules.values()):
+            if module is None:
+                continue
+            filename = getattr(module, "__file__", None)
+            if filename:
+                old = None
+                while not os.path.isfile(filename):
+                    old = filename
+                    filename = os.path.dirname(filename)
+                    if filename == old:
+                        break
+                else:
+                    if filename[-4:] in (".pyc", ".pyo"):
+                        filename = filename[:-1]
+                    yield filename
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def check_file(filename, mtimes) -> bool:
+        need_reload = False
+
+        mtime = os.stat(filename).st_mtime
+        old_time = mtimes.get(filename)
+        if old_time is None:
+            mtimes[filename] = mtime
+        elif mtime > old_time:
+            mtimes[filename] = mtime
+            need_reload = True
+
+        return need_reload

sanic/worker/serve.py

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+import asyncio
+import os
+import socket
+import warnings
+
+from functools import partial
+from multiprocessing.connection import Connection
+from ssl import SSLContext
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Type, Union
+
+from sanic.application.constants import ServerStage
+from sanic.application.state import ApplicationServerInfo
+from sanic.http.constants import HTTP
+from sanic.log import error_logger
+from sanic.models.server_types import Signal
+from sanic.server.protocols.http_protocol import HttpProtocol
+from sanic.server.runners import _serve_http_1, _serve_http_3
+from sanic.worker.loader import AppLoader, CertLoader
+from sanic.worker.multiplexer import WorkerMultiplexer
+
+
+def worker_serve(
+    host,
+    port,
+    app_name: str,
+    monitor_publisher: Optional[Connection],
+    app_loader: AppLoader,
+    worker_state: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    server_info: Optional[Dict[str, List[ApplicationServerInfo]]] = None,
+    ssl: Optional[
+        Union[SSLContext, Dict[str, Union[str, os.PathLike]]]
+    ] = None,
+    sock: Optional[socket.socket] = None,
+    unix: Optional[str] = None,
+    reuse_port: bool = False,
+    loop=None,
+    protocol: Type[asyncio.Protocol] = HttpProtocol,
+    backlog: int = 100,
+    register_sys_signals: bool = True,
+    run_multiple: bool = False,
+    run_async: bool = False,
+    connections=None,
+    signal=Signal(),
+    state=None,
+    asyncio_server_kwargs=None,
+    version=HTTP.VERSION_1,
+    config=None,
+    passthru: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+):
+    try:
+        from sanic import Sanic
+
+        if app_loader:
+            app = app_loader.load()
+        else:
+            app = Sanic.get_app(app_name)
+
+        app.refresh(passthru)
+        app.setup_loop()
+
+        loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+        asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
+
+        # Hydrate server info if needed
+        if server_info:
+            for app_name, server_info_objects in server_info.items():
+                a = Sanic.get_app(app_name)
+                if not a.state.server_info:
+                    a.state.server_info = []
+                    for info in server_info_objects:
+                        if not info.settings.get("app"):
+                            info.settings["app"] = a
+                        a.state.server_info.append(info)
+
+        if isinstance(ssl, dict):
+            cert_loader = CertLoader(ssl)
+            ssl = cert_loader.load(app)
+            for info in app.state.server_info:
+                info.settings["ssl"] = ssl
+
+        # When in a worker process, do some init
+        if os.environ.get("SANIC_WORKER_NAME"):
+            # Hydrate apps with any passed server info
+
+            if monitor_publisher is None:
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    "No restart publisher found in worker process"
+                )
+            if worker_state is None:
+                raise RuntimeError("No worker state found in worker process")
+
+            # Run secondary servers
+            apps = list(Sanic._app_registry.values())
+            app.before_server_start(partial(app._start_servers, apps=apps))
+            for a in apps:
+                a.multiplexer = WorkerMultiplexer(
+                    monitor_publisher, worker_state
+                )
+
+        if app.debug:
+            loop.set_debug(app.debug)
+
+        app.asgi = False
+
+        if app.state.server_info:
+            primary_server_info = app.state.server_info[0]
+            primary_server_info.stage = ServerStage.SERVING
+        if config:
+            app.update_config(config)
+
+        if version is HTTP.VERSION_3:
+            return _serve_http_3(host, port, app, loop, ssl)
+        return _serve_http_1(
+            host,
+            port,
+            app,
+            ssl,
+            sock,
+            unix,
+            reuse_port,
+            loop,
+            protocol,
+            backlog,
+            register_sys_signals,
+            run_multiple,
+            run_async,
+            connections,
+            signal,
+            state,
+            asyncio_server_kwargs,
+        )
+    except Exception as e:
+        warnings.simplefilter("ignore", category=RuntimeWarning)
+        if monitor_publisher:
+            error_logger.exception(e)
+            multiplexer = WorkerMultiplexer(monitor_publisher, {})
+            multiplexer.terminate(True)
+        else:
+            raise e

sanic/worker/state.py

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+from collections.abc import Mapping
+from typing import Any, Dict, ItemsView, Iterator, KeysView, List
+from typing import Mapping as MappingType
+from typing import ValuesView
+
+
+dict
+
+
+class WorkerState(Mapping):
+    RESTRICTED = (
+        "health",
+        "pid",
+        "requests",
+        "restart_at",
+        "server",
+        "start_at",
+        "starts",
+        "state",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, state: Dict[str, Any], current: str) -> None:
+        self._name = current
+        self._state = state
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> Any:
+        return self._state[self._name][key]
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key: str, value: Any) -> None:
+        if key in self.RESTRICTED:
+            self._write_error([key])
+        self._state[self._name] = {
+            **self._state[self._name],
+            key: value,
+        }
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key: str) -> None:
+        if key in self.RESTRICTED:
+            self._write_error([key])
+        self._state[self._name] = {
+            k: v for k, v in self._state[self._name].items() if k != key
+        }
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[Any]:
+        return iter(self._state[self._name])
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._state[self._name])
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return repr(self._state[self._name])
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return self._state[self._name] == other
+
+    def keys(self) -> KeysView[str]:
+        return self._state[self._name].keys()
+
+    def values(self) -> ValuesView[Any]:
+        return self._state[self._name].values()
+
+    def items(self) -> ItemsView[str, Any]:
+        return self._state[self._name].items()
+
+    def update(self, mapping: MappingType[str, Any]) -> None:
+        if any(k in self.RESTRICTED for k in mapping.keys()):
+            self._write_error(
+                [k for k in mapping.keys() if k in self.RESTRICTED]
+            )
+        self._state[self._name] = {
+            **self._state[self._name],
+            **mapping,
+        }
+
+    def pop(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def full(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return dict(self._state)
+
+    def _write_error(self, keys: List[str]) -> None:
+        raise LookupError(
+            f"Cannot set restricted key{'s' if len(keys) > 1 else ''} on "
+            f"WorkerState: {', '.join(keys)}"
+        )

setup.py

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ setup_kwargs = {
         "Build fast. Run fast."
     ),
     "long_description": long_description,
-    "packages": find_packages(),
+    "packages": find_packages(exclude=("tests", "tests.*")),
     "package_data": {"sanic": ["py.typed"]},
     "platforms": "any",
     "python_requires": ">=3.7",
@@ -81,10 +81,10 @@ env_dependency = (
     '; sys_platform != "win32" ' 'and implementation_name == "cpython"'
 )
 ujson = "ujson>=1.35" + env_dependency
-uvloop = "uvloop>=0.5.3" + env_dependency
+uvloop = "uvloop>=0.15.0" + env_dependency
 types_ujson = "types-ujson" + env_dependency
 requirements = [
-    "sanic-routing>=22.3.0,<22.6.0",
+    "sanic-routing>=22.8.0",
     "httptools>=0.0.10",
     uvloop,
     ujson,
@@ -94,14 +94,11 @@ requirements = [
 ]
 
 tests_require = [
-    "sanic-testing>=22.3.0",
-    "pytest==6.2.5",
-    "coverage==5.3",
-    "gunicorn==20.0.4",
-    "pytest-cov",
+    "sanic-testing>=22.9.0",
+    "pytest==7.1.*",
+    "coverage",
     "beautifulsoup4",
     "pytest-sanic",
-    "pytest-sugar",
     "pytest-benchmark",
     "chardet==3.*",
     "flake8",

tests/conftest.py

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ def sanic_router(app):
             except RouteExists:
                 pass
         router.finalize()
-        return router, added_router
+        return router, tuple(added_router)
 
     return _setup
 

tests/fake/server.py

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import json
 
 from sanic import Sanic, text
+from sanic.application.constants import Mode
+from sanic.config import Config
 from sanic.log import LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS, logger
 
 
@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ async def handler(request):
     return text(request.ip)
 
 
-@app.before_server_start
+@app.main_process_start
 async def app_info_dump(app: Sanic, _):
     app_data = {
         "access_log": app.config.ACCESS_LOG,
@@ -27,6 +29,13 @@ async def app_info_dump(app: Sanic, _):
     logger.info(json.dumps(app_data))
 
 
+@app.main_process_stop
+async def app_cleanup(app: Sanic, _):
+    app.state.auto_reload = False
+    app.state.mode = Mode.PRODUCTION
+    app.config = Config()
+
+
 @app.after_server_start
 async def shutdown(app: Sanic, _):
     app.stop()
@@ -38,8 +47,8 @@ def create_app():
 
 def create_app_with_args(args):
     try:
-        print(f"foo={args.foo}")
+        logger.info(f"foo={args.foo}")
     except AttributeError:
-        print(f"module={args.module}")
+        logger.info(f"module={args.module}")
 
     return app

tests/http3/test_server.py

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ def test_server_starts_http3(app: Sanic, version, caplog):
                 "cert": localhost_dir / "fullchain.pem",
                 "key": localhost_dir / "privkey.pem",
             },
+            single_process=True,
         )
 
     assert ev.is_set()
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ def test_server_starts_http1_and_http3(app: Sanic, caplog):
         },
     )
     with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
-        Sanic.serve()
+        Sanic.serve_single()
 
     assert (
         "sanic.root",

tests/test_app.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import re
 
 from collections import Counter
 from inspect import isawaitable
+from os import environ
 from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
 
 import pytest
@@ -14,8 +15,10 @@ from sanic import Sanic
 from sanic.compat import OS_IS_WINDOWS
 from sanic.config import Config
 from sanic.exceptions import SanicException
-from sanic.helpers import _default
+from sanic.helpers import Default
+from sanic.log import LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS
 from sanic.response import text
+from sanic.router import Route
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
@@ -23,7 +26,7 @@ def clear_app_registry():
     Sanic._app_registry = {}
 
 
-def test_app_loop_running(app):
+def test_app_loop_running(app: Sanic):
     @app.get("/test")
     async def handler(request):
         assert isinstance(app.loop, asyncio.AbstractEventLoop)
@@ -33,7 +36,7 @@ def test_app_loop_running(app):
     assert response.text == "pass"
 
 
-def test_create_asyncio_server(app):
+def test_create_asyncio_server(app: Sanic):
     loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
     asyncio_srv_coro = app.create_server(return_asyncio_server=True)
     assert isawaitable(asyncio_srv_coro)
@@ -41,7 +44,7 @@ def test_create_asyncio_server(app):
     assert srv.is_serving() is True
 
 
-def test_asyncio_server_no_start_serving(app):
+def test_asyncio_server_no_start_serving(app: Sanic):
     loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
     asyncio_srv_coro = app.create_server(
         port=43123,
@@ -52,7 +55,7 @@ def test_asyncio_server_no_start_serving(app):
     assert srv.is_serving() is False
 
 
-def test_asyncio_server_start_serving(app):
+def test_asyncio_server_start_serving(app: Sanic):
     loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
     asyncio_srv_coro = app.create_server(
         port=43124,
@@ -69,7 +72,7 @@ def test_asyncio_server_start_serving(app):
     # Looks like we can't easily test `serve_forever()`
 
 
-def test_create_server_main(app, caplog):
+def test_create_server_main(app: Sanic, caplog):
     app.listener("main_process_start")(lambda *_: ...)
     loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
     with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
@@ -83,7 +86,7 @@ def test_create_server_main(app, caplog):
     ) in caplog.record_tuples
 
 
-def test_create_server_no_startup(app):
+def test_create_server_no_startup(app: Sanic):
     loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
     asyncio_srv_coro = app.create_server(
         port=43124,
@@ -98,7 +101,7 @@ def test_create_server_no_startup(app):
         loop.run_until_complete(srv.start_serving())
 
 
-def test_create_server_main_convenience(app, caplog):
+def test_create_server_main_convenience(app: Sanic, caplog):
     app.main_process_start(lambda *_: ...)
     loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
     with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
@@ -112,7 +115,7 @@ def test_create_server_main_convenience(app, caplog):
     ) in caplog.record_tuples
 
 
-def test_app_loop_not_running(app):
+def test_app_loop_not_running(app: Sanic):
     with pytest.raises(SanicException) as excinfo:
         app.loop
 
@@ -122,7 +125,7 @@ def test_app_loop_not_running(app):
     )
 
 
-def test_app_run_raise_type_error(app):
+def test_app_run_raise_type_error(app: Sanic):
 
     with pytest.raises(TypeError) as excinfo:
         app.run(loop="loop")
@@ -135,7 +138,7 @@ def test_app_run_raise_type_error(app):
     )
 
 
-def test_app_route_raise_value_error(app):
+def test_app_route_raise_value_error(app: Sanic):
 
     with pytest.raises(ValueError) as excinfo:
 
@@ -149,11 +152,15 @@ def test_app_route_raise_value_error(app):
     )
 
 
-def test_app_handle_request_handler_is_none(app, monkeypatch):
-    def mockreturn(*args, **kwargs):
-        return Mock(), None, {}
+def test_app_handle_request_handler_is_none(app: Sanic, monkeypatch):
+    app.config.TOUCHUP = False
+    route = Mock(spec=Route)
+    route.extra.request_middleware = []
+    route.extra.response_middleware = []
+
+    def mockreturn(*args, **kwargs):
+        return route, None, {}
 
-    # Not sure how to make app.router.get() return None, so use mock here.
     monkeypatch.setattr(app.router, "get", mockreturn)
 
     @app.get("/test")
@@ -170,7 +177,7 @@ def test_app_handle_request_handler_is_none(app, monkeypatch):
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("websocket_enabled", [True, False])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("enable", [True, False])
-def test_app_enable_websocket(app, websocket_enabled, enable):
+def test_app_enable_websocket(app: Sanic, websocket_enabled, enable):
     app.websocket_enabled = websocket_enabled
     app.enable_websocket(enable=enable)
 
@@ -180,11 +187,11 @@ def test_app_enable_websocket(app, websocket_enabled, enable):
     async def handler(request, ws):
         await ws.send("test")
 
-    assert app.websocket_enabled == True
+    assert app.websocket_enabled is True
 
 
-@patch("sanic.mixins.runner.WebSocketProtocol")
-def test_app_websocket_parameters(websocket_protocol_mock, app):
+@patch("sanic.mixins.startup.WebSocketProtocol")
+def test_app_websocket_parameters(websocket_protocol_mock, app: Sanic):
     app.config.WEBSOCKET_MAX_SIZE = 44
     app.config.WEBSOCKET_PING_TIMEOUT = 48
     app.config.WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL = 50
@@ -194,9 +201,10 @@ def test_app_websocket_parameters(websocket_protocol_mock, app):
         await ws.send("test")
 
     try:
-        # This will fail because WebSocketProtocol is mocked and only the call kwargs matter
+        # This will fail because WebSocketProtocol is mocked and only the
+        # call kwargs matter
         app.test_client.get("/ws")
-    except:
+    except Exception:
         pass
 
     websocket_protocol_call_args = websocket_protocol_mock.call_args
@@ -212,11 +220,10 @@ def test_app_websocket_parameters(websocket_protocol_mock, app):
     )
 
 
-def test_handle_request_with_nested_exception(app, monkeypatch):
+def test_handle_request_with_nested_exception(app: Sanic, monkeypatch):
 
     err_msg = "Mock Exception"
 
-    # Not sure how to raise an exception in app.error_handler.response(), use mock here
     def mock_error_handler_response(*args, **kwargs):
         raise Exception(err_msg)
 
@@ -233,11 +240,10 @@ def test_handle_request_with_nested_exception(app, monkeypatch):
     assert response.text == "An error occurred while handling an error"
 
 
-def test_handle_request_with_nested_exception_debug(app, monkeypatch):
+def test_handle_request_with_nested_exception_debug(app: Sanic, monkeypatch):
 
     err_msg = "Mock Exception"
 
-    # Not sure how to raise an exception in app.error_handler.response(), use mock here
     def mock_error_handler_response(*args, **kwargs):
         raise Exception(err_msg)
 
@@ -252,13 +258,14 @@ def test_handle_request_with_nested_exception_debug(app, monkeypatch):
     request, response = app.test_client.get("/", debug=True)
     assert response.status == 500
     assert response.text.startswith(
-        f"Error while handling error: {err_msg}\nStack: Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
+        f"Error while handling error: {err_msg}\n"
+        "Stack: Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
     )
 
 
-def test_handle_request_with_nested_sanic_exception(app, monkeypatch, caplog):
-
-    # Not sure how to raise an exception in app.error_handler.response(), use mock here
+def test_handle_request_with_nested_sanic_exception(
+    app: Sanic, monkeypatch, caplog
+):
     def mock_error_handler_response(*args, **kwargs):
         raise SanicException("Mock SanicException")
 
@@ -301,8 +308,12 @@ def test_app_has_test_mode_sync():
 
 
 def test_app_registry():
+    assert len(Sanic._app_registry) == 0
     instance = Sanic("test")
+    assert len(Sanic._app_registry) == 1
     assert Sanic._app_registry["test"] is instance
+    Sanic.unregister_app(instance)
+    assert len(Sanic._app_registry) == 0
 
 
 def test_app_registry_wrong_type():
@@ -336,7 +347,13 @@ def test_app_registry_retrieval_from_multiple():
 
 def test_get_app_does_not_exist():
     with pytest.raises(
-        SanicException, match='Sanic app name "does-not-exist" not found.'
+        SanicException,
+        match="Sanic app name 'does-not-exist' not found.\n"
+        "App instantiation must occur outside "
+        "if __name__ == '__main__' "
+        "block or by using an AppLoader.\nSee "
+        "https://sanic.dev/en/guide/deployment/app-loader.html"
+        " for more details.",
     ):
         Sanic.get_app("does-not-exist")
 
@@ -371,7 +388,7 @@ def test_get_app_default_ambiguous():
         Sanic.get_app()
 
 
-def test_app_set_attribute_warning(app):
+def test_app_set_attribute_warning(app: Sanic):
     message = (
         "Setting variables on Sanic instances is not allowed. You should "
         "change your Sanic instance to use instance.ctx.foo instead."
@@ -380,7 +397,7 @@ def test_app_set_attribute_warning(app):
         app.foo = 1
 
 
-def test_app_set_context(app):
+def test_app_set_context(app: Sanic):
     app.ctx.foo = 1
 
     retrieved = Sanic.get_app(app.name)
@@ -426,13 +443,13 @@ def test_custom_context():
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("use", (False, True))
-def test_uvloop_config(app, monkeypatch, use):
+def test_uvloop_config(app: Sanic, monkeypatch, use):
     @app.get("/test")
     def handler(request):
         return text("ok")
 
     try_use_uvloop = Mock()
-    monkeypatch.setattr(sanic.mixins.runner, "try_use_uvloop", try_use_uvloop)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sanic.mixins.startup, "try_use_uvloop", try_use_uvloop)
 
     # Default config
     app.test_client.get("/test")
@@ -458,7 +475,7 @@ def test_uvloop_cannot_never_called_with_create_server(caplog, monkeypatch):
     apps[2].config.USE_UVLOOP = True
 
     try_use_uvloop = Mock()
-    monkeypatch.setattr(sanic.mixins.runner, "try_use_uvloop", try_use_uvloop)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sanic.mixins.startup, "try_use_uvloop", try_use_uvloop)
 
     loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
 
@@ -480,7 +497,9 @@ def test_uvloop_cannot_never_called_with_create_server(caplog, monkeypatch):
     )
 
     counter = Counter([(r[1], r[2]) for r in caplog.record_tuples])
-    modified = sum(1 for app in apps if app.config.USE_UVLOOP is not _default)
+    modified = sum(
+        1 for app in apps if not isinstance(app.config.USE_UVLOOP, Default)
+    )
 
     assert counter[(logging.WARNING, message)] == modified
 
@@ -514,15 +533,136 @@ def test_multiple_uvloop_configs_display_warning(caplog):
 
     counter = Counter([(r[1], r[2]) for r in caplog.record_tuples])
 
-    assert counter[(logging.WARNING, message)] == 2
+    assert counter[(logging.WARNING, message)] == 3
 
 
-def test_cannot_run_fast_and_workers(app):
+def test_cannot_run_fast_and_workers(app: Sanic):
     message = "You cannot use both fast=True and workers=X"
     with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match=message):
         app.run(fast=True, workers=4)
 
 
-def test_no_workers(app):
+def test_no_workers(app: Sanic):
     with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="Cannot serve with no workers"):
         app.run(workers=0)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "extra",
+    (
+        {"fast": True},
+        {"workers": 2},
+        {"auto_reload": True},
+    ),
+)
+def test_cannot_run_single_process_and_workers_or_auto_reload(
+    app: Sanic, extra
+):
+    message = (
+        "Single process cannot be run with multiple workers or auto-reload"
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match=message):
+        app.run(single_process=True, **extra)
+
+
+def test_cannot_run_single_process_and_legacy(app: Sanic):
+    message = "Cannot run single process and legacy mode"
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match=message):
+        app.run(single_process=True, legacy=True)
+
+
+def test_cannot_run_without_sys_signals_with_workers(app: Sanic):
+    message = (
+        "Cannot run Sanic.serve with register_sys_signals=False. "
+        "Use either Sanic.serve_single or Sanic.serve_legacy."
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match=message):
+        app.run(register_sys_signals=False, single_process=False, legacy=False)
+
+
+def test_default_configure_logging():
+    with patch("sanic.app.logging") as mock:
+        Sanic("Test")
+
+    mock.config.dictConfig.assert_called_with(LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS)
+
+
+def test_custom_configure_logging():
+    with patch("sanic.app.logging") as mock:
+        Sanic("Test", log_config={"foo": "bar"})
+
+    mock.config.dictConfig.assert_called_with({"foo": "bar"})
+
+
+def test_disable_configure_logging():
+    with patch("sanic.app.logging") as mock:
+        Sanic("Test", configure_logging=False)
+
+    mock.config.dictConfig.assert_not_called()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("inspector", (True, False))
+def test_inspector(inspector):
+    app = Sanic("Test", inspector=inspector)
+    assert app.config.INSPECTOR is inspector
+
+
+def test_build_endpoint_name():
+    app = Sanic("Test")
+    name = app._build_endpoint_name("foo", "bar")
+    assert name == "Test.foo.bar"
+
+
+def test_manager_in_main_process_only(app: Sanic):
+    message = "Can only access the manager from the main process"
+
+    with pytest.raises(SanicException, match=message):
+        app.manager
+
+    app._manager = 1
+    environ["SANIC_WORKER_PROCESS"] = "ok"
+
+    with pytest.raises(SanicException, match=message):
+        app.manager
+
+    del environ["SANIC_WORKER_PROCESS"]
+
+    assert app.manager == 1
+
+
+def test_inspector_in_main_process_only(app: Sanic):
+    message = "Can only access the inspector from the main process"
+
+    with pytest.raises(SanicException, match=message):
+        app.inspector
+
+    app._inspector = 1
+    environ["SANIC_WORKER_PROCESS"] = "ok"
+
+    with pytest.raises(SanicException, match=message):
+        app.inspector
+
+    del environ["SANIC_WORKER_PROCESS"]
+
+    assert app.inspector == 1
+
+
+def test_stop_trigger_terminate(app: Sanic):
+    app.multiplexer = Mock()
+
+    app.stop()
+
+    app.multiplexer.terminate.assert_called_once()
+    app.multiplexer.reset_mock()
+    assert len(Sanic._app_registry) == 1
+    Sanic._app_registry.clear()
+
+    app.stop(terminate=True)
+
+    app.multiplexer.terminate.assert_called_once()
+    app.multiplexer.reset_mock()
+    assert len(Sanic._app_registry) == 0
+    Sanic._app_registry.clear()
+
+    app.stop(unregister=False)
+    app.multiplexer.terminate.assert_called_once()

tests/test_asgi.py

@@ -531,6 +531,8 @@ async def test_signals_triggered(app):
         "http.lifecycle.handle",
         "http.routing.before",
         "http.routing.after",
+        "http.handler.before",
+        "http.handler.after",
         "http.lifecycle.response",
         # "http.lifecycle.send",
         # "http.lifecycle.complete",
@@ -546,3 +548,13 @@ async def test_signals_triggered(app):
     assert response.status_code == 200
     assert response.text == "test_signals_triggered"
     assert signals_triggered == signals_expected
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_asgi_serve_location(app):
+    @app.get("/")
+    def _request(request: Request):
+        return text(request.app.serve_location)
+
+    _, response = await app.asgi_client.get("/")
+    assert response.text == "http://<ASGI>"

tests/test_bad_request.py

@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 import asyncio
 
+from sanic import Sanic
 
-def test_bad_request_response(app):
+
+def test_bad_request_response(app: Sanic):
     lines = []
 
     app.get("/")(lambda x: ...)
 
     @app.listener("after_server_start")
     async def _request(sanic, loop):
+        nonlocal lines
         connect = asyncio.open_connection("127.0.0.1", 42101)
         reader, writer = await connect
         writer.write(b"not http\r\n\r\n")
@@ -18,6 +21,6 @@ def test_bad_request_response(app):
             lines.append(line)
         app.stop()
 
-    app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=42101, debug=False)
+    app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=42101, debug=False, single_process=True)
     assert lines[0] == b"HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request\r\n"
     assert b"Bad Request" in lines[-2]

tests/test_blueprint_group.py

@@ -323,3 +323,20 @@ def test_bp_group_properties():
     assert "api/v1/grouped/bp2/" in routes
     assert "api/v1/primary/grouped/bp1" in routes
     assert "api/v1/primary/grouped/bp2" in routes
+
+
+def test_nested_bp_group_properties():
+    one = Blueprint("one", url_prefix="/one")
+    two = Blueprint.group(one)
+    three = Blueprint.group(two, url_prefix="/three")
+
+    @one.route("/four")
+    def handler(request):
+        return text("pi")
+
+    app = Sanic("PropTest")
+    app.blueprint(three)
+    app.router.finalize()
+
+    routes = [route.path for route in app.router.routes]
+    assert routes == ["three/one/four"]

tests/test_blueprints.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ from sanic.response import json, text
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ #
 
 
-def test_bp(app):
+def test_bp(app: Sanic):
     bp = Blueprint("test_text")
 
     @bp.route("/")
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ def test_bp(app):
     assert response.text == "Hello"
 
 
-def test_bp_app_access(app):
+def test_bp_app_access(app: Sanic):
     bp = Blueprint("test")
 
     with pytest.raises(
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def test_versioned_routes_get(app, method):
     assert response.status == 200
 
 
-def test_bp_strict_slash(app):
+def test_bp_strict_slash(app: Sanic):
     bp = Blueprint("test_text")
 
     @bp.get("/get", strict_slashes=True)
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ def test_bp_strict_slash(app):
     assert response.status == 404
 
 
-def test_bp_strict_slash_default_value(app):
+def test_bp_strict_slash_default_value(app: Sanic):
     bp = Blueprint("test_text", strict_slashes=True)
 
     @bp.get("/get")
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ def test_bp_strict_slash_default_value(app):
     assert response.status == 404
 
 
-def test_bp_strict_slash_without_passing_default_value(app):
+def test_bp_strict_slash_without_passing_default_value(app: Sanic):
     bp = Blueprint("test_text")
 
     @bp.get("/get")
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ def test_bp_strict_slash_without_passing_default_value(app):
     assert response.text == "OK"
 
 
-def test_bp_strict_slash_default_value_can_be_overwritten(app):
+def test_bp_strict_slash_default_value_can_be_overwritten(app: Sanic):
     bp = Blueprint("test_text", strict_slashes=True)
 
     @bp.get("/get", strict_slashes=False)
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ def test_bp_strict_slash_default_value_can_be_overwritten(app):
     assert response.text == "OK"
 
 
-def test_bp_with_url_prefix(app):
+def test_bp_with_url_prefix(app: Sanic):
     bp = Blueprint("test_text", url_prefix="/test1")
 
     @bp.route("/")
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ def test_bp_with_url_prefix(app):
     assert response.text == "Hello"
 
 
-def test_several_bp_with_url_prefix(app):
+def test_several_bp_with_url_prefix(app: Sanic):
     bp = Blueprint("test_text", url_prefix="/test1")
     bp2 = Blueprint("test_text2", url_prefix="/test2")
 
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ def test_several_bp_with_url_prefix(app):
     assert response.text == "Hello2"
 
 
-def test_bp_with_host(app):
+def test_bp_with_host(app: Sanic):
     bp = Blueprint("test_bp_host", url_prefix="/test1", host="example.com")
 
     @bp.route("/")
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ def test_bp_with_host(app):
     assert response.body == b"Hello subdomain!"
 
 
-def test_several_bp_with_host(app):
+def test_several_bp_with_host(app: Sanic):
     bp = Blueprint(
         "test_text",
         url_prefix="/test",
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ def test_several_bp_with_host(app):
     assert response.text == "Hello3"
 
 
-def test_bp_with_host_list(app):
+def test_bp_with_host_list(app: Sanic):
     bp = Blueprint(
         "test_bp_host",
         url_prefix="/test1",
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ def test_bp_with_host_list(app):
     assert response.text == "Hello subdomain!"
 
 
-def test_several_bp_with_host_list(app):
+def test_several_bp_with_host_list(app: Sanic):
     bp = Blueprint(
         "test_text",
         url_prefix="/test",
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ def test_several_bp_with_host_list(app):
     assert response.text == "Hello3"
 
 
-def test_bp_middleware(app):
+def test_bp_middleware(app: Sanic):
     blueprint = Blueprint("test_bp_middleware")
 
     @blueprint.middleware("response")
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ def test_bp_middleware(app):
     assert response.text == "FAIL"
 
 
-def test_bp_middleware_with_route(app):
+def test_bp_middleware_with_route(app: Sanic):
     blueprint = Blueprint("test_bp_middleware")
 
     @blueprint.middleware("response")
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ def test_bp_middleware_with_route(app):
     assert response.text == "OK"
 
 
-def test_bp_middleware_order(app):
+def test_bp_middleware_order(app: Sanic):
     blueprint = Blueprint("test_bp_middleware_order")
     order = []
 
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ def test_bp_middleware_order(app):
     assert order == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
 
 
-def test_bp_exception_handler(app):
+def test_bp_exception_handler(app: Sanic):
     blueprint = Blueprint("test_middleware")
 
     @blueprint.route("/1")
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ def test_bp_exception_handler(app):
     assert response.status == 200
 
 
-def test_bp_exception_handler_applied(app):
+def test_bp_exception_handler_applied(app: Sanic):
     class Error(Exception):
         pass
 
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ def test_bp_exception_handler_applied(app):
     assert response.status == 500
 
 
-def test_bp_exception_handler_not_applied(app):
+def test_bp_exception_handler_not_applied(app: Sanic):
     class Error(Exception):
         pass
 
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ def test_bp_exception_handler_not_applied(app):
     assert response.status == 500
 
 
-def test_bp_listeners(app):
+def test_bp_listeners(app: Sanic):
     app.route("/")(lambda x: x)
     blueprint = Blueprint("test_middleware")
 
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ def test_bp_listeners(app):
     assert order == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
 
 
-def test_bp_static(app):
+def test_bp_static(app: Sanic):
     current_file = inspect.getfile(inspect.currentframe())
     with open(current_file, "rb") as file:
         current_file_contents = file.read()
@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ def test_bp_static_content_type(app, file_name):
     assert response.headers["Content-Type"] == "text/html; charset=utf-8"
 
 
-def test_bp_shorthand(app):
+def test_bp_shorthand(app: Sanic):
     blueprint = Blueprint("test_shorhand_routes")
     ev = asyncio.Event()
 
@@ -682,7 +682,7 @@ def test_bp_shorthand(app):
     assert ev.is_set()
 
 
-def test_bp_group(app):
+def test_bp_group(app: Sanic):
     deep_0 = Blueprint("deep_0", url_prefix="/deep")
     deep_1 = Blueprint("deep_1", url_prefix="/deep1")
 
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@ def test_bp_group(app):
     assert response.text == "D1B_OK"
 
 
-def test_bp_group_with_default_url_prefix(app):
+def test_bp_group_with_default_url_prefix(app: Sanic):
     from sanic.response import json
 
     bp_resources = Blueprint("bp_resources")
@@ -873,7 +873,7 @@ def test_websocket_route(app: Sanic):
     assert event.is_set()
 
 
-def test_duplicate_blueprint(app):
+def test_duplicate_blueprint(app: Sanic):
     bp_name = "bp"
     bp = Blueprint(bp_name)
     bp1 = Blueprint(bp_name)
@@ -1056,7 +1056,7 @@ def test_bp_set_attribute_warning():
         bp.foo = 1
 
 
-def test_early_registration(app):
+def test_early_registration(app: Sanic):
     assert len(app.router.routes) == 0
 
     bp = Blueprint("bp")
@@ -1082,3 +1082,29 @@ def test_early_registration(app):
     for path in ("one", "two", "three"):
         _, response = app.test_client.get(f"/{path}")
         assert response.text == path
+
+
+def test_remove_double_slashes_defined_on_bp(app: Sanic):
+    bp = Blueprint("bp", url_prefix="/foo/", strict_slashes=True)
+
+    @bp.get("/")
+    async def handler(_):
+        ...
+
+    app.blueprint(bp)
+    app.router.finalize()
+
+    assert app.router.routes[0].path == "foo/"
+
+
+def test_remove_double_slashes_defined_on_register(app: Sanic):
+    bp = Blueprint("bp")
+
+    @bp.get("/")
+    async def index(_):
+        ...
+
+    app.blueprint(bp, url_prefix="/foo/", strict_slashes=True)
+    app.router.finalize()
+
+    assert app.router.routes[0].path == "foo/"

tests/test_cancellederror.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import asyncio
+
+from asyncio import CancelledError
+
+import pytest
+
+from sanic import Request, Sanic, json
+
+
+def test_can_raise_in_handler(app: Sanic):
+    @app.get("/")
+    async def handler(request: Request):
+        raise CancelledError("STOP!!")
+
+    @app.exception(CancelledError)
+    async def handle_cancel(request: Request, exc: CancelledError):
+        return json({"message": exc.args[0]}, status=418)
+
+    _, response = app.test_client.get("/")
+    assert response.status == 418
+    assert response.json["message"] == "STOP!!"

tests/test_cli.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import json
-import subprocess
+import os
+import sys
 
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
@@ -9,33 +10,30 @@ import pytest
 from sanic_routing import __version__ as __routing_version__
 
 from sanic import __version__
+from sanic.__main__ import main
 
 
-def capture(command: List[str]):
-    proc = subprocess.Popen(
-        command,
-        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
-        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
-        cwd=Path(__file__).parent,
-    )
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module", autouse=True)
+def tty():
+    orig = sys.stdout.isatty
+    sys.stdout.isatty = lambda: False
+    yield
+    sys.stdout.isatty = orig
+
+
+def capture(command: List[str], caplog):
+    caplog.clear()
+    os.chdir(Path(__file__).parent)
     try:
-        out, err = proc.communicate(timeout=10)
-    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
-        proc.kill()
-        out, err = proc.communicate()
-    return out, err, proc.returncode
-
-
-def starting_line(lines: List[str]):
-    for idx, line in enumerate(lines):
-        if line.strip().startswith(b"Sanic v"):
-            return idx
-    return 0
+        main(command)
+    except SystemExit:
+        ...
+    return [record.message for record in caplog.records]
 
 
 def read_app_info(lines: List[str]):
     for line in lines:
-        if line.startswith(b"{") and line.endswith(b"}"):
+        if line.startswith("{") and line.endswith("}"):  # type: ignore
             return json.loads(line)
 
 
@@ -47,59 +45,57 @@ def read_app_info(lines: List[str]):
         ("fake.server.create_app()", None),
     ),
 )
-def test_server_run(appname: str, extra: Optional[str]):
-    command = ["sanic", appname]
+def test_server_run(
+    appname: str,
+    extra: Optional[str],
+    caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+):
+    command = [appname]
     if extra:
         command.append(extra)
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
-    firstline = lines[starting_line(lines) + 1]
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
 
-    assert exitcode != 1
-    assert firstline == b"Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1:8000"
+    assert "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1:8000" in lines
 
 
-def test_server_run_factory_with_args():
+def test_server_run_factory_with_args(caplog):
     command = [
-        "sanic",
         "fake.server.create_app_with_args",
         "--factory",
     ]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
 
-    assert exitcode != 1, lines
-    assert b"module=fake.server.create_app_with_args" in lines
+    assert "module=fake.server.create_app_with_args" in lines
 
 
-def test_server_run_factory_with_args_arbitrary():
+def test_server_run_factory_with_args_arbitrary(caplog):
     command = [
-        "sanic",
         "fake.server.create_app_with_args",
         "--factory",
         "--foo=bar",
     ]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
 
-    assert exitcode != 1, lines
-    assert b"foo=bar" in lines
+    assert "foo=bar" in lines
 
 
-def test_error_with_function_as_instance_without_factory_arg():
-    command = ["sanic", "fake.server.create_app"]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    assert b"try: \nsanic fake.server.create_app --factory" in err
-    assert exitcode != 1
-
-
-def test_error_with_path_as_instance_without_simple_arg():
-    command = ["sanic", "./fake/"]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
+def test_error_with_function_as_instance_without_factory_arg(caplog):
+    command = ["fake.server.create_app"]
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
     assert (
-        b"Please use --simple if you are passing a directory to sanic." in err
-    )
-    assert exitcode != 1
+        "Failed to run app: Module is not a Sanic app, it is a function\n  "
+        "If this callable returns a Sanic instance try: \n"
+        "sanic fake.server.create_app --factory"
+    ) in lines
+
+
+def test_error_with_path_as_instance_without_simple_arg(caplog):
+    command = ["./fake/"]
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
+    assert (
+        "Failed to run app: App not found.\n   Please use --simple if you "
+        "are passing a directory to sanic.\n   eg. sanic ./fake/ --simple"
+    ) in lines
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
@@ -120,13 +116,10 @@ def test_error_with_path_as_instance_without_simple_arg():
         ),
     ),
 )
-def test_tls_options(cmd: Tuple[str]):
-    command = ["sanic", "fake.server.app", *cmd, "-p=9999", "--debug"]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    assert exitcode != 1
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
-    firstline = lines[starting_line(lines) + 1]
-    assert firstline == b"Goin' Fast @ https://127.0.0.1:9999"
+def test_tls_options(cmd: Tuple[str, ...], caplog):
+    command = ["fake.server.app", *cmd, "--port=9999", "--debug"]
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
+    assert "Goin' Fast @ https://127.0.0.1:9999" in lines
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
@@ -141,14 +134,15 @@ def test_tls_options(cmd: Tuple[str]):
         ("--tls-strict-host",),
     ),
 )
-def test_tls_wrong_options(cmd: Tuple[str]):
-    command = ["sanic", "fake.server.app", *cmd, "-p=9999", "--debug"]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    assert exitcode == 1
-    assert not out
-    lines = err.decode().split("\n")
+def test_tls_wrong_options(cmd: Tuple[str, ...], caplog):
+    command = ["fake.server.app", *cmd, "-p=9999", "--debug"]
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
 
-    assert "TLS certificates must be specified by either of:" in lines
+    assert (
+        "TLS certificates must be specified by either of:\n  "
+        "--cert certdir/fullchain.pem --key certdir/privkey.pem\n  "
+        "--tls certdir  (equivalent to the above)"
+    ) in lines
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
@@ -158,65 +152,44 @@ def test_tls_wrong_options(cmd: Tuple[str]):
         ("-H", "localhost", "-p", "9999"),
     ),
 )
-def test_host_port_localhost(cmd: Tuple[str]):
-    command = ["sanic", "fake.server.app", *cmd]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
-    expected = b"Goin' Fast @ http://localhost:9999"
+def test_host_port_localhost(cmd: Tuple[str, ...], caplog):
+    command = ["fake.server.app", *cmd]
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
+    expected = "Goin' Fast @ http://localhost:9999"
 
-    assert exitcode != 1
-    assert expected in lines, f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
+    assert expected in lines
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "cmd",
+    "cmd,expected",
     (
-        ("--host=127.0.0.127", "--port=9999"),
-        ("-H", "127.0.0.127", "-p", "9999"),
+        (
+            ("--host=localhost", "--port=9999"),
+            "Goin' Fast @ http://localhost:9999",
+        ),
+        (
+            ("-H", "localhost", "-p", "9999"),
+            "Goin' Fast @ http://localhost:9999",
+        ),
+        (
+            ("--host=127.0.0.127", "--port=9999"),
+            "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.127:9999",
+        ),
+        (
+            ("-H", "127.0.0.127", "-p", "9999"),
+            "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.127:9999",
+        ),
+        (("--host=::", "--port=9999"), "Goin' Fast @ http://[::]:9999"),
+        (("-H", "::", "-p", "9999"), "Goin' Fast @ http://[::]:9999"),
+        (("--host=::1", "--port=9999"), "Goin' Fast @ http://[::1]:9999"),
+        (("-H", "::1", "-p", "9999"), "Goin' Fast @ http://[::1]:9999"),
     ),
 )
-def test_host_port_ipv4(cmd: Tuple[str]):
-    command = ["sanic", "fake.server.app", *cmd]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
-    expected = b"Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.127:9999"
+def test_host_port(cmd: Tuple[str, ...], expected: str, caplog):
+    command = ["fake.server.app", *cmd]
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
 
-    assert exitcode != 1
-    assert expected in lines, f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "cmd",
-    (
-        ("--host=::", "--port=9999"),
-        ("-H", "::", "-p", "9999"),
-    ),
-)
-def test_host_port_ipv6_any(cmd: Tuple[str]):
-    command = ["sanic", "fake.server.app", *cmd]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
-    expected = b"Goin' Fast @ http://[::]:9999"
-
-    assert exitcode != 1
-    assert expected in lines, f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "cmd",
-    (
-        ("--host=::1", "--port=9999"),
-        ("-H", "::1", "-p", "9999"),
-    ),
-)
-def test_host_port_ipv6_loopback(cmd: Tuple[str]):
-    command = ["sanic", "fake.server.app", *cmd]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
-    expected = b"Goin' Fast @ http://[::1]:9999"
-
-    assert exitcode != 1
-    assert expected in lines, f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
+    assert expected in lines
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
@@ -230,82 +203,74 @@ def test_host_port_ipv6_loopback(cmd: Tuple[str]):
         (4, ("-w", "4")),
     ),
 )
-def test_num_workers(num: int, cmd: Tuple[str]):
-    command = ["sanic", "fake.server.app", *cmd]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
+def test_num_workers(num: int, cmd: Tuple[str, ...], caplog):
+    command = ["fake.server.app", *cmd]
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
 
     if num == 1:
-        expected = b"mode: production, single worker"
+        expected = "mode: production, single worker"
     else:
-        expected = (f"mode: production, w/ {num} workers").encode()
+        expected = f"mode: production, w/ {num} workers"
 
-    assert exitcode != 1
-    assert expected in lines, f"Expected {expected}\nLines found: {lines}"
+    assert expected in lines
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cmd", ("--debug",))
-def test_debug(cmd: str):
-    command = ["sanic", "fake.server.app", cmd]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
+def test_debug(cmd: str, caplog):
+    command = ["fake.server.app", cmd]
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
     info = read_app_info(lines)
 
-    assert info["debug"] is True, f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
-    assert (
-        info["auto_reload"] is False
-    ), f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
-    assert "dev" not in info, f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
+    assert info["debug"] is True
+    assert info["auto_reload"] is False
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cmd", ("--dev", "-d"))
-def test_dev(cmd: str):
-    command = ["sanic", "fake.server.app", cmd]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
+def test_dev(cmd: str, caplog):
+    command = ["fake.server.app", cmd]
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
     info = read_app_info(lines)
 
-    assert info["debug"] is True, f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
-    assert (
-        info["auto_reload"] is True
-    ), f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
+    assert info["debug"] is True
+    assert info["auto_reload"] is True
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cmd", ("--auto-reload", "-r"))
-def test_auto_reload(cmd: str):
-    command = ["sanic", "fake.server.app", cmd]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
+def test_auto_reload(cmd: str, caplog):
+    command = ["fake.server.app", cmd]
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
     info = read_app_info(lines)
 
-    assert info["debug"] is False, f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
-    assert (
-        info["auto_reload"] is True
-    ), f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
-    assert "dev" not in info, f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
+    assert info["debug"] is False
+    assert info["auto_reload"] is True
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "cmd,expected", (("--access-log", True), ("--no-access-log", False))
+    "cmd,expected",
+    (
+        ("", False),
+        ("--debug", True),
+        ("--access-log", True),
+        ("--no-access-log", False),
+    ),
 )
-def test_access_logs(cmd: str, expected: bool):
-    command = ["sanic", "fake.server.app", cmd]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
+def test_access_logs(cmd: str, expected: bool, caplog):
+    command = ["fake.server.app"]
+    if cmd:
+        command.append(cmd)
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
     info = read_app_info(lines)
 
-    assert (
-        info["access_log"] is expected
-    ), f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
+    assert info["access_log"] is expected
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("cmd", ("--version", "-v"))
-def test_version(cmd: str):
-    command = ["sanic", cmd]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
+def test_version(cmd: str, caplog, capsys):
+    command = [cmd]
+    capture(command, caplog)
     version_string = f"Sanic {__version__}; Routing {__routing_version__}\n"
-
-    assert out == version_string.encode("utf-8")
+    out, _ = capsys.readouterr()
+    assert version_string == out
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
@@ -315,12 +280,9 @@ def test_version(cmd: str):
         ("--no-noisy-exceptions", False),
     ),
 )
-def test_noisy_exceptions(cmd: str, expected: bool):
-    command = ["sanic", "fake.server.app", cmd]
-    out, err, exitcode = capture(command)
-    lines = out.split(b"\n")
+def test_noisy_exceptions(cmd: str, expected: bool, caplog):
+    command = ["fake.server.app", cmd]
+    lines = capture(command, caplog)
     info = read_app_info(lines)
 
-    assert (
-        info["noisy_exceptions"] is expected
-    ), f"Lines found: {lines}\nErr output: {err}"
+    assert info["noisy_exceptions"] is expected

tests/test_config.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ from pytest import MonkeyPatch
 
 from sanic import Sanic
 from sanic.config import DEFAULT_CONFIG, Config
-from sanic.constants import LocalCertCreator
+from sanic.constants import LocalCertCreator, RestartOrder
 from sanic.exceptions import PyFileError
 
 
@@ -125,14 +125,9 @@ def test_env_w_custom_converter():
 
 
 def test_env_lowercase():
-    with pytest.warns(None) as record:
-        environ["SANIC_test_answer"] = "42"
-        app = Sanic(name="Test")
-        assert app.config.test_answer == 42
-    assert str(record[0].message) == (
-        "[DEPRECATION v22.9] Lowercase environment variables will not be "
-        "loaded into Sanic config beginning in v22.9."
-    )
+    environ["SANIC_test_answer"] = "42"
+    app = Sanic(name="Test")
+    assert "test_answer" not in app.config
     del environ["SANIC_test_answer"]
 
 
@@ -293,26 +288,21 @@ def test_config_custom_defaults_with_env():
         del environ[key]
 
 
-def test_config_access_log_passing_in_run(app: Sanic):
-    assert app.config.ACCESS_LOG is True
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("access_log", (True, False))
+def test_config_access_log_passing_in_run(app: Sanic, access_log):
+    assert app.config.ACCESS_LOG is False
 
     @app.listener("after_server_start")
     async def _request(sanic, loop):
         app.stop()
 
-    app.run(port=1340, access_log=False)
-    assert app.config.ACCESS_LOG is False
-
-    app.router.reset()
-    app.signal_router.reset()
-
-    app.run(port=1340, access_log=True)
-    assert app.config.ACCESS_LOG is True
+    app.run(port=1340, access_log=access_log, single_process=True)
+    assert app.config.ACCESS_LOG is access_log
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_config_access_log_passing_in_create_server(app: Sanic):
-    assert app.config.ACCESS_LOG is True
+    assert app.config.ACCESS_LOG is False
 
     @app.listener("after_server_start")
     async def _request(sanic, loop):
@@ -446,3 +436,19 @@ def test_convert_local_cert_creator(passed, expected):
     app = Sanic("Test")
     assert app.config.LOCAL_CERT_CREATOR is expected
     del os.environ["SANIC_LOCAL_CERT_CREATOR"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "passed,expected",
+    (
+        ("shutdown_first", RestartOrder.SHUTDOWN_FIRST),
+        ("startup_first", RestartOrder.STARTUP_FIRST),
+        ("SHUTDOWN_FIRST", RestartOrder.SHUTDOWN_FIRST),
+        ("STARTUP_FIRST", RestartOrder.STARTUP_FIRST),
+    ),
+)
+def test_convert_restart_order(passed, expected):
+    os.environ["SANIC_RESTART_ORDER"] = passed
+    app = Sanic("Test")
+    assert app.config.RESTART_ORDER is expected
+    del os.environ["SANIC_RESTART_ORDER"]

tests/test_constants.py

@@ -1,15 +1,24 @@
+import pytest
+
 from sanic import Sanic, text
+from sanic.application.constants import Mode, Server, ServerStage
 from sanic.constants import HTTP_METHODS, HTTPMethod
 
 
-def test_string_compat():
-    assert "GET" == HTTPMethod.GET
-    assert "GET" in HTTP_METHODS
-    assert "get" == HTTPMethod.GET
-    assert "get" in HTTP_METHODS
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("enum", (HTTPMethod, Server, Mode))
+def test_string_compat(enum):
+    for key in enum.__members__.keys():
+        assert key.upper() == getattr(enum, key).upper()
+        assert key.lower() == getattr(enum, key).lower()
 
-    assert HTTPMethod.GET.lower() == "get"
-    assert HTTPMethod.GET.upper() == "GET"
+
+def test_http_methods():
+    for value in HTTPMethod.__members__.values():
+        assert value in HTTP_METHODS
+
+
+def test_server_stage():
+    assert ServerStage.SERVING > ServerStage.PARTIAL > ServerStage.STOPPED
 
 
 def test_use_in_routes(app: Sanic):

tests/test_deprecation.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
+from sanic import Sanic
 from sanic.log import deprecation
 
 
@@ -7,3 +8,13 @@ def test_deprecation():
     message = r"\[DEPRECATION v9\.9\] hello"
     with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning, match=message):
         deprecation("hello", 9.9)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "filter,expected",
+    (("default", 1), ("once", 1), ("ignore", 0)),
+)
+def test_deprecation_filter(app: Sanic, filter, expected, recwarn):
+    app.config.DEPRECATION_FILTER = filter
+    deprecation("hello", 9.9)
+    assert len(recwarn) == expected

tests/test_dynamic_routes.py

@@ -1,44 +1,44 @@
-# import pytest
+import pytest
 
-# from sanic.response import text
-# from sanic.router import RouteExists
+from sanic_routing.exceptions import RouteExists
+
+from sanic.response import text
 
 
-# @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-#     "method,attr, expected",
-#     [
-#         ("get", "text", "OK1 test"),
-#         ("post", "text", "OK2 test"),
-#         ("put", "text", "OK2 test"),
-#         ("delete", "status", 405),
-#     ],
-# )
-# def test_overload_dynamic_routes(app, method, attr, expected):
-#     @app.route("/overload/<param>", methods=["GET"])
-#     async def handler1(request, param):
-#         return text("OK1 " + param)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "method,attr, expected",
+    [
+        ("get", "text", "OK1 test"),
+        ("post", "text", "OK2 test"),
+        ("put", "text", "OK2 test"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_overload_dynamic_routes(app, method, attr, expected):
+    @app.route("/overload/<param>", methods=["GET"])
+    async def handler1(request, param):
+        return text("OK1 " + param)
 
-#     @app.route("/overload/<param>", methods=["POST", "PUT"])
-#     async def handler2(request, param):
-#         return text("OK2 " + param)
+    @app.route("/overload/<param>", methods=["POST", "PUT"])
+    async def handler2(request, param):
+        return text("OK2 " + param)
 
-#     request, response = getattr(app.test_client, method)("/overload/test")
-#     assert getattr(response, attr) == expected
+    request, response = getattr(app.test_client, method)("/overload/test")
+    assert getattr(response, attr) == expected
 
 
-# def test_overload_dynamic_routes_exist(app):
-#     @app.route("/overload/<param>", methods=["GET"])
-#     async def handler1(request, param):
-#         return text("OK1 " + param)
+def test_overload_dynamic_routes_exist(app):
+    @app.route("/overload/<param>", methods=["GET"])
+    async def handler1(request, param):
+        return text("OK1 " + param)
 
-#     @app.route("/overload/<param>", methods=["POST", "PUT"])
-#     async def handler2(request, param):
-#         return text("OK2 " + param)
+    @app.route("/overload/<param>", methods=["POST", "PUT"])
+    async def handler2(request, param):
+        return text("OK2 " + param)
 
-#     # if this doesn't raise an error, than at least the below should happen:
-#     # assert response.text == 'Duplicated'
-#     with pytest.raises(RouteExists):
+    # if this doesn't raise an error, than at least the below should happen:
+    # assert response.text == 'Duplicated'
+    with pytest.raises(RouteExists):
 
-#         @app.route("/overload/<param>", methods=["PUT", "DELETE"])
-#         async def handler3(request, param):
-#             return text("Duplicated")
+        @app.route("/overload/<param>", methods=["PUT", "DELETE"])
+        async def handler3(request, param):
+            return text("Duplicated")

tests/test_errorpages.py

@@ -97,15 +97,15 @@ def test_auto_fallback_with_content_type(app):
 def test_route_error_format_set_on_auto(app):
     @app.get("/text")
     def text_response(request):
-        return text(request.route.ctx.error_format)
+        return text(request.route.extra.error_format)
 
     @app.get("/json")
     def json_response(request):
-        return json({"format": request.route.ctx.error_format})
+        return json({"format": request.route.extra.error_format})
 
     @app.get("/html")
     def html_response(request):
-        return html(request.route.ctx.error_format)
+        return html(request.route.extra.error_format)
 
     _, response = app.test_client.get("/text")
     assert response.text == "text"
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def test_config_fallback_before_and_after_startup(app):
 
     _, response = app.test_client.get("/error")
     assert response.status == 500
-    assert response.content_type == "text/plain; charset=utf-8"
+    assert response.content_type == "application/json"
 
 
 def test_config_fallback_using_update_dict(app):

tests/test_exceptions_handler.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from unittest.mock import Mock
 import pytest
 
 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
-from pytest import LogCaptureFixture, MonkeyPatch
+from pytest import LogCaptureFixture, MonkeyPatch, WarningsRecorder
 
 from sanic import Sanic, handlers
 from sanic.exceptions import BadRequest, Forbidden, NotFound, ServerError
@@ -266,3 +266,22 @@ def test_exception_handler_response_was_sent(
 
     _, response = app.test_client.get("/2")
     assert "Error" in response.text
+
+
+def test_warn_on_duplicate(
+    app: Sanic, caplog: LogCaptureFixture, recwarn: WarningsRecorder
+):
+    @app.exception(ServerError)
+    async def exception_handler_1(request, exception):
+        ...
+
+    @app.exception(ServerError)
+    async def exception_handler_2(request, exception):
+        ...
+
+    assert len(caplog.records) == 1
+    assert len(recwarn) == 1
+    assert caplog.records[0].message == (
+        "Duplicate exception handler definition on: route=__ALL_ROUTES__ and "
+        "exception=<class 'sanic.exceptions.ServerError'>"
+    )

tests/test_ext_integration.py

@@ -25,19 +25,19 @@ def stoppable_app(app):
 
 
 def test_ext_is_loaded(stoppable_app: Sanic, sanic_ext):
-    stoppable_app.run()
+    stoppable_app.run(single_process=True)
     sanic_ext.Extend.assert_called_once_with(stoppable_app)
 
 
 def test_ext_is_not_loaded(stoppable_app: Sanic, sanic_ext):
     stoppable_app.config.AUTO_EXTEND = False
-    stoppable_app.run()
+    stoppable_app.run(single_process=True)
     sanic_ext.Extend.assert_not_called()
 
 
 def test_extend_with_args(stoppable_app: Sanic, sanic_ext):
     stoppable_app.extend(built_in_extensions=False)
-    stoppable_app.run()
+    stoppable_app.run(single_process=True)
     sanic_ext.Extend.assert_called_once_with(
         stoppable_app, built_in_extensions=False, config=None, extensions=None
     )
@@ -80,5 +80,5 @@ def test_can_access_app_ext_while_running(app: Sanic, sanic_ext, ext_instance):
         app.ext.injection(IceCream)
         app.stop()
 
-    app.run()
+    app.run(single_process=True)
     ext_instance.injection.assert_called_with(IceCream)

tests/test_graceful_shutdown.py

@@ -1,48 +1,61 @@
 import asyncio
 import logging
-import time
 
-from multiprocessing import Process
+from pytest import LogCaptureFixture
 
-import httpx
+from sanic.response import empty
 
 
 PORT = 42101
 
 
-def test_no_exceptions_when_cancel_pending_request(app, caplog):
+def test_no_exceptions_when_cancel_pending_request(
+    app, caplog: LogCaptureFixture
+):
     app.config.GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT = 1
 
     @app.get("/")
     async def handler(request):
         await asyncio.sleep(5)
 
-    @app.after_server_start
-    def shutdown(app, _):
-        time.sleep(0.2)
+    @app.listener("after_server_start")
+    async def _request(sanic, loop):
+        connect = asyncio.open_connection("127.0.0.1", 8000)
+        _, writer = await connect
+        writer.write(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n\r\n")
         app.stop()
 
-    def ping():
-        time.sleep(0.1)
-        response = httpx.get("http://127.0.0.1:8000")
-        print(response.status_code)
+    with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
+        app.run(single_process=True, access_log=True)
 
-    p = Process(target=ping)
-    p.start()
+    assert "Request: GET http:/// stopped. Transport is closed." in caplog.text
+
+
+def test_completes_request(app, caplog: LogCaptureFixture):
+    app.config.GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT = 1
+
+    @app.get("/")
+    async def handler(request):
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
+        return empty()
+
+    @app.listener("after_server_start")
+    async def _request(sanic, loop):
+        connect = asyncio.open_connection("127.0.0.1", 8000)
+        _, writer = await connect
+        writer.write(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n\r\n")
+        app.stop()
 
     with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
-        app.run()
+        app.run(single_process=True, access_log=True)
 
-    p.kill()
+    assert ("sanic.access", 20, "") in caplog.record_tuples
 
-    info = 0
-    for record in caplog.record_tuples:
-        assert record[1] != logging.ERROR
-        if record[1] == logging.INFO:
-            info += 1
-        if record[2].startswith("Request:"):
-            assert record[2] == (
-                "Request: GET http://127.0.0.1:8000/ stopped. "
-                "Transport is closed."
-            )
-    assert info == 11
+    # Make sure that the server starts shutdown process before access log
+    index_stopping = 0
+    for idx, record in enumerate(caplog.records):
+        if record.message.startswith("Stopping worker"):
+            index_stopping = idx
+            break
+    index_request = caplog.record_tuples.index(("sanic.access", 20, ""))
+    assert index_request > index_stopping > 0

tests/test_handler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+from sanic.app import Sanic
+from sanic.response import empty
+from sanic.signals import Event
+
+
+def test_handler_operation_order(app: Sanic):
+    operations = []
+
+    @app.on_request
+    async def on_request(_):
+        nonlocal operations
+        operations.append(1)
+
+    @app.on_response
+    async def on_response(*_):
+        nonlocal operations
+        operations.append(5)
+
+    @app.get("/")
+    async def handler(_):
+        nonlocal operations
+        operations.append(3)
+        return empty()
+
+    @app.signal(Event.HTTP_HANDLER_BEFORE)
+    async def handler_before(**_):
+        nonlocal operations
+        operations.append(2)
+
+    @app.signal(Event.HTTP_HANDLER_AFTER)
+    async def handler_after(**_):
+        nonlocal operations
+        operations.append(4)
+
+    app.test_client.get("/")
+    assert operations == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

tests/test_http.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import json as stdjson
 
 from collections import namedtuple
 from pathlib import Path
+from sys import version_info
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ def test_app(app: Sanic):
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
-def runner(test_app):
+def runner(test_app: Sanic):
     client = ReusableClient(test_app, port=PORT)
     client.run()
     yield client
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ def runner(test_app):
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
-def client(runner):
+def client(runner: ReusableClient):
     client = namedtuple("Client", ("raw", "send", "recv"))
 
     raw = RawClient(runner.host, runner.port)
@@ -74,7 +75,10 @@ def test_full_message(client):
         """
     )
     response = client.recv()
-    assert len(response) == 151
+
+    # AltSvcCheck touchup removes the Alt-Svc header from the
+    # response in the Python 3.9+ in this case
+    assert len(response) == (151 if version_info < (3, 9) else 140)
     assert b"200 OK" in response
 
 

tests/test_http_alt_svc.py

@@ -61,6 +61,6 @@ def test_http1_response_has_alt_svc():
         version=1,
         port=PORT,
     )
-    Sanic.serve()
+    Sanic.serve_single(app)
 
     assert f'alt-svc: h3=":{PORT}"\r\n'.encode() in response

tests/test_init.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+from importlib import import_module
+
+import pytest
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "item",
+    (
+        "__version__",
+        "Sanic",
+        "Blueprint",
+        "HTTPMethod",
+        "HTTPResponse",
+        "Request",
+        "Websocket",
+        "empty",
+        "file",
+        "html",
+        "json",
+        "redirect",
+        "text",
+    ),
+)
+def test_imports(item):
+    import_module("sanic", item)

tests/test_json_encoding.py

@@ -3,18 +3,27 @@ import sys
 from dataclasses import asdict, dataclass
 from functools import partial
 from json import dumps as sdumps
+from string import ascii_lowercase
+from typing import Dict
 
 import pytest
 
 
 try:
+    import ujson
+
     from ujson import dumps as udumps
 
+    ujson_version = tuple(
+        map(int, ujson.__version__.strip(ascii_lowercase).split("."))
+    )
+
     NO_UJSON = False
     DEFAULT_DUMPS = udumps
 except ModuleNotFoundError:
     NO_UJSON = True
     DEFAULT_DUMPS = partial(sdumps, separators=(",", ":"))
+    ujson_version = None
 
 from sanic import Sanic
 from sanic.response import BaseHTTPResponse, json
@@ -34,7 +43,7 @@ def foo():
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
-def payload(foo):
+def payload(foo: Foo):
     return {"foo": foo}
 
 
@@ -58,7 +67,7 @@ def test_change_encoder_to_some_custom():
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(NO_UJSON is True, reason="ujson not installed")
-def test_json_response_ujson(payload):
+def test_json_response_ujson(payload: Dict[str, Foo]):
     """ujson will look at __json__"""
     response = json(payload)
     assert response.body == b'{"foo":{"bar":"bar"}}'
@@ -75,7 +84,13 @@ def test_json_response_ujson(payload):
         json(payload)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(NO_UJSON is True, reason="ujson not installed")
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    NO_UJSON is True or ujson_version >= (5, 4, 0),
+    reason=(
+        "ujson not installed or version is 5.4.0 or newer, "
+        "which can handle arbitrary size integers"
+    ),
+)
 def test_json_response_json():
     """One of the easiest ways to tell the difference is that ujson cannot
     serialize over 64 bits"""

tests/test_logging.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import pytest
 import sanic
 
 from sanic import Sanic
-from sanic.log import LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS, logger
+from sanic.log import LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS, Colors, logger
 from sanic.response import text
 
 
@@ -166,6 +166,7 @@ def test_access_log_client_ip_remote_addr(monkeypatch):
     monkeypatch.setattr(sanic.http.http1, "access_logger", access)
 
     app = Sanic("test_logging")
+    app.config.ACCESS_LOG = True
     app.config.PROXIES_COUNT = 2
 
     @app.route("/")
@@ -193,6 +194,7 @@ def test_access_log_client_ip_reqip(monkeypatch):
     monkeypatch.setattr(sanic.http.http1, "access_logger", access)
 
     app = Sanic("test_logging")
+    app.config.ACCESS_LOG = True
 
     @app.route("/")
     async def handler(request):
@@ -248,3 +250,14 @@ def test_verbosity(app, caplog, app_verbosity, log_verbosity, exists):
 
     if app_verbosity == 0:
         assert ("sanic.root", logging.INFO, "DEFAULT") in caplog.record_tuples
+
+
+def test_colors_enum_format():
+    assert f"{Colors.END}" == Colors.END.value
+    assert f"{Colors.BOLD}" == Colors.BOLD.value
+    assert f"{Colors.BLUE}" == Colors.BLUE.value
+    assert f"{Colors.GREEN}" == Colors.GREEN.value
+    assert f"{Colors.PURPLE}" == Colors.PURPLE.value
+    assert f"{Colors.RED}" == Colors.RED.value
+    assert f"{Colors.SANIC}" == Colors.SANIC.value
+    assert f"{Colors.YELLOW}" == Colors.YELLOW.value

tests/test_logo.py

@@ -30,9 +30,12 @@ def test_get_logo_returns_expected_logo(tty, full, expected):
 
 
 def test_get_logo_returns_no_colors_on_apple_terminal():
+    platform = sys.platform
+    sys.platform = "darwin"
+    os.environ["TERM_PROGRAM"] = "Apple_Terminal"
     with patch("sys.stdout.isatty") as isatty:
         isatty.return_value = False
-        sys.platform = "darwin"
-        os.environ["TERM_PROGRAM"] = "Apple_Terminal"
         logo = get_logo()
     assert "\033" not in logo
+    sys.platform = platform
+    del os.environ["TERM_PROGRAM"]

tests/test_middleware.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import logging
 
-from asyncio import CancelledError
+from asyncio import CancelledError, sleep
 from itertools import count
 
 from sanic.exceptions import NotFound
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ def test_middleware_response_raise_cancelled_error(app, caplog):
     with caplog.at_level(logging.ERROR):
         reqrequest, response = app.test_client.get("/")
 
-        assert response.status == 503
+        assert response.status == 500
         assert (
             "sanic.error",
             logging.ERROR,
@@ -318,6 +318,32 @@ def test_middleware_return_response(app):
         resp1 = await request.respond()
         return resp1
 
-    _, response = app.test_client.get("/")
+    app.test_client.get("/")
     assert response_middleware_run_count == 1
     assert request_middleware_run_count == 1
+
+
+def test_middleware_run_on_timeout(app):
+    app.config.RESPONSE_TIMEOUT = 0.1
+    response_middleware_run_count = 0
+    request_middleware_run_count = 0
+
+    @app.on_response
+    def response(_, response):
+        nonlocal response_middleware_run_count
+        response_middleware_run_count += 1
+
+    @app.on_request
+    def request(_):
+        nonlocal request_middleware_run_count
+        request_middleware_run_count += 1
+
+    @app.get("/")
+    async def handler(request):
+        resp1 = await request.respond()
+        await sleep(1)
+        return resp1
+
+    app.test_client.get("/")
+    assert request_middleware_run_count == 1
+    assert response_middleware_run_count == 1

tests/test_middleware_priority.py

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+from functools import partial
+
+import pytest
+
+from sanic import Sanic
+from sanic.middleware import Middleware
+from sanic.response import json
+
+
+PRIORITY_TEST_CASES = (
+    ([0, 1, 2], [1, 1, 1]),
+    ([0, 1, 2], [1, 1, None]),
+    ([0, 1, 2], [1, None, None]),
+    ([0, 1, 2], [2, 1, None]),
+    ([0, 1, 2], [2, 2, None]),
+    ([0, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1]),
+    ([0, 1, 2], [None, None, None]),
+    ([0, 2, 1], [1, None, 1]),
+    ([0, 2, 1], [2, None, 1]),
+    ([0, 2, 1], [2, None, 2]),
+    ([0, 2, 1], [3, 1, 2]),
+    ([1, 0, 2], [1, 2, None]),
+    ([1, 0, 2], [2, 3, 1]),
+    ([1, 0, 2], [None, 1, None]),
+    ([1, 2, 0], [1, 3, 2]),
+    ([1, 2, 0], [None, 1, 1]),
+    ([1, 2, 0], [None, 2, 1]),
+    ([1, 2, 0], [None, 2, 2]),
+    ([2, 0, 1], [1, None, 2]),
+    ([2, 0, 1], [2, 1, 3]),
+    ([2, 0, 1], [None, None, 1]),
+    ([2, 1, 0], [1, 2, 3]),
+    ([2, 1, 0], [None, 1, 2]),
+)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def reset_middleware():
+    yield
+    Middleware.reset_count()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "expected,priorities",
+    PRIORITY_TEST_CASES,
+)
+def test_request_middleware_order_priority(app: Sanic, expected, priorities):
+    order = []
+
+    def add_ident(request, ident):
+        order.append(ident)
+
+    @app.get("/")
+    def handler(request):
+        return json(None)
+
+    for ident, priority in enumerate(priorities):
+        kwargs = {}
+        if priority is not None:
+            kwargs["priority"] = priority
+        app.on_request(partial(add_ident, ident=ident), **kwargs)
+
+    app.test_client.get("/")
+
+    assert order == expected
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "expected,priorities",
+    PRIORITY_TEST_CASES,
+)
+def test_response_middleware_order_priority(app: Sanic, expected, priorities):
+    order = []
+
+    def add_ident(request, response, ident):
+        order.append(ident)
+
+    @app.get("/")
+    def handler(request):
+        return json(None)
+
+    for ident, priority in enumerate(priorities):
+        kwargs = {}
+        if priority is not None:
+            kwargs["priority"] = priority
+        app.on_response(partial(add_ident, ident=ident), **kwargs)
+
+    app.test_client.get("/")
+
+    assert order[::-1] == expected

tests/test_motd.py

@@ -3,15 +3,23 @@ import os
 import platform
 import sys
 
-from unittest.mock import Mock
+from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
 
 import pytest
 
-from sanic import Sanic, __version__
+from sanic import __version__
 from sanic.application.logo import BASE_LOGO
 from sanic.application.motd import MOTD, MOTDTTY
 
 
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def reset():
+    try:
+        del os.environ["SANIC_MOTD_OUTPUT"]
+    except KeyError:
+        ...
+
+
 def test_logo_base(app, run_startup):
     logs = run_startup(app)
 
@@ -63,20 +71,13 @@ def test_motd_display(caplog):
 @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8), reason="Not on 3.7")
 def test_reload_dirs(app):
     app.config.LOGO = None
+    app.config.MOTD = True
     app.config.AUTO_RELOAD = True
-    app.prepare(reload_dir="./", auto_reload=True, motd_display={"foo": "bar"})
 
-    existing = MOTD.output
-    MOTD.output = Mock()
-
-    app.motd("foo")
-
-    MOTD.output.assert_called_once()
-    assert (
-        MOTD.output.call_args.args[2]["auto-reload"]
-        == f"enabled, {os.getcwd()}"
-    )
-    assert MOTD.output.call_args.args[3] == {"foo": "bar"}
-
-    MOTD.output = existing
-    Sanic._app_registry = {}
+    with patch.object(MOTD, "output") as mock:
+        app.prepare(
+            reload_dir="./", auto_reload=True, motd_display={"foo": "bar"}
+        )
+    mock.assert_called()
+    assert mock.call_args.args[2]["auto-reload"] == f"enabled, {os.getcwd()}"
+    assert mock.call_args.args[3] == {"foo": "bar"}

tests/test_multi_serve.py

@@ -1,207 +1,207 @@
-import logging
+# import logging
 
-from unittest.mock import Mock
+# from unittest.mock import Mock
 
-import pytest
+# import pytest
 
-from sanic import Sanic
-from sanic.response import text
-from sanic.server.async_server import AsyncioServer
-from sanic.signals import Event
-from sanic.touchup.schemes.ode import OptionalDispatchEvent
+# from sanic import Sanic
+# from sanic.response import text
+# from sanic.server.async_server import AsyncioServer
+# from sanic.signals import Event
+# from sanic.touchup.schemes.ode import OptionalDispatchEvent
 
 
-try:
-    from unittest.mock import AsyncMock
-except ImportError:
-    from tests.asyncmock import AsyncMock  # type: ignore
+# try:
+#     from unittest.mock import AsyncMock
+# except ImportError:
+#     from tests.asyncmock import AsyncMock  # type: ignore
 
 
-@pytest.fixture
-def app_one():
-    app = Sanic("One")
+# @pytest.fixture
+# def app_one():
+#     app = Sanic("One")
 
-    @app.get("/one")
-    async def one(request):
-        return text("one")
+#     @app.get("/one")
+#     async def one(request):
+#         return text("one")
 
-    return app
+#     return app
 
 
-@pytest.fixture
-def app_two():
-    app = Sanic("Two")
+# @pytest.fixture
+# def app_two():
+#     app = Sanic("Two")
 
-    @app.get("/two")
-    async def two(request):
-        return text("two")
+#     @app.get("/two")
+#     async def two(request):
+#         return text("two")
 
-    return app
+#     return app
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
-def clean():
-    Sanic._app_registry = {}
-    yield
+# @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+# def clean():
+#     Sanic._app_registry = {}
+#     yield
 
 
-def test_serve_same_app_multiple_tuples(app_one, run_multi):
-    app_one.prepare(port=23456)
-    app_one.prepare(port=23457)
+# def test_serve_same_app_multiple_tuples(app_one, run_multi):
+#     app_one.prepare(port=23456)
+#     app_one.prepare(port=23457)
 
-    logs = run_multi(app_one)
-    assert (
-        "sanic.root",
-        logging.INFO,
-        "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1:23456",
-    ) in logs
-    assert (
-        "sanic.root",
-        logging.INFO,
-        "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1:23457",
-    ) in logs
+#     logs = run_multi(app_one)
+#     assert (
+#         "sanic.root",
+#         logging.INFO,
+#         "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1:23456",
+#     ) in logs
+#     assert (
+#         "sanic.root",
+#         logging.INFO,
+#         "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1:23457",
+#     ) in logs
 
 
-def test_serve_multiple_apps(app_one, app_two, run_multi):
-    app_one.prepare(port=23456)
-    app_two.prepare(port=23457)
+# def test_serve_multiple_apps(app_one, app_two, run_multi):
+#     app_one.prepare(port=23456)
+#     app_two.prepare(port=23457)
 
-    logs = run_multi(app_one)
-    assert (
-        "sanic.root",
-        logging.INFO,
-        "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1:23456",
-    ) in logs
-    assert (
-        "sanic.root",
-        logging.INFO,
-        "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1:23457",
-    ) in logs
+#     logs = run_multi(app_one)
+#     assert (
+#         "sanic.root",
+#         logging.INFO,
+#         "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1:23456",
+#     ) in logs
+#     assert (
+#         "sanic.root",
+#         logging.INFO,
+#         "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1:23457",
+#     ) in logs
 
 
-def test_listeners_on_secondary_app(app_one, app_two, run_multi):
-    app_one.prepare(port=23456)
-    app_two.prepare(port=23457)
+# def test_listeners_on_secondary_app(app_one, app_two, run_multi):
+#     app_one.prepare(port=23456)
+#     app_two.prepare(port=23457)
 
-    before_start = AsyncMock()
-    after_start = AsyncMock()
-    before_stop = AsyncMock()
-    after_stop = AsyncMock()
+#     before_start = AsyncMock()
+#     after_start = AsyncMock()
+#     before_stop = AsyncMock()
+#     after_stop = AsyncMock()
 
-    app_two.before_server_start(before_start)
-    app_two.after_server_start(after_start)
-    app_two.before_server_stop(before_stop)
-    app_two.after_server_stop(after_stop)
+#     app_two.before_server_start(before_start)
+#     app_two.after_server_start(after_start)
+#     app_two.before_server_stop(before_stop)
+#     app_two.after_server_stop(after_stop)
 
-    run_multi(app_one)
+#     run_multi(app_one)
 
-    before_start.assert_awaited_once()
-    after_start.assert_awaited_once()
-    before_stop.assert_awaited_once()
-    after_stop.assert_awaited_once()
+#     before_start.assert_awaited_once()
+#     after_start.assert_awaited_once()
+#     before_stop.assert_awaited_once()
+#     after_stop.assert_awaited_once()
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "events",
-    (
-        (Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_BEGIN,),
-        (Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_BEGIN, Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_COMPLETE),
-        (
-            Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_BEGIN,
-            Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_COMPLETE,
-            Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_REQUEST,
-        ),
-    ),
-)
-def test_signal_synchronization(app_one, app_two, run_multi, events):
-    app_one.prepare(port=23456)
-    app_two.prepare(port=23457)
+# @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+#     "events",
+#     (
+#         (Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_BEGIN,),
+#         (Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_BEGIN, Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_COMPLETE),
+#         (
+#             Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_BEGIN,
+#             Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_COMPLETE,
+#             Event.HTTP_LIFECYCLE_REQUEST,
+#         ),
+#     ),
+# )
+# def test_signal_synchronization(app_one, app_two, run_multi, events):
+#     app_one.prepare(port=23456)
+#     app_two.prepare(port=23457)
 
-    for event in events:
-        app_one.signal(event)(AsyncMock())
+#     for event in events:
+#         app_one.signal(event)(AsyncMock())
 
-    run_multi(app_one)
+#     run_multi(app_one)
 
-    assert len(app_two.signal_router.routes) == len(events) + 1
+#     assert len(app_two.signal_router.routes) == len(events) + 1
 
-    signal_handlers = {
-        signal.handler
-        for signal in app_two.signal_router.routes
-        if signal.name.startswith("http")
-    }
+#     signal_handlers = {
+#         signal.handler
+#         for signal in app_two.signal_router.routes
+#         if signal.name.startswith("http")
+#     }
 
-    assert len(signal_handlers) == 1
-    assert list(signal_handlers)[0] is OptionalDispatchEvent.noop
+#     assert len(signal_handlers) == 1
+#     assert list(signal_handlers)[0] is OptionalDispatchEvent.noop
 
 
-def test_warning_main_process_listeners_on_secondary(
-    app_one, app_two, run_multi
-):
-    app_two.main_process_start(AsyncMock())
-    app_two.main_process_stop(AsyncMock())
-    app_one.prepare(port=23456)
-    app_two.prepare(port=23457)
+# def test_warning_main_process_listeners_on_secondary(
+#     app_one, app_two, run_multi
+# ):
+#     app_two.main_process_start(AsyncMock())
+#     app_two.main_process_stop(AsyncMock())
+#     app_one.prepare(port=23456)
+#     app_two.prepare(port=23457)
 
-    log = run_multi(app_one)
+#     log = run_multi(app_one)
 
-    message = (
-        f"Sanic found 2 listener(s) on "
-        "secondary applications attached to the main "
-        "process. These will be ignored since main "
-        "process listeners can only be attached to your "
-        "primary application: "
-        f"{repr(app_one)}"
-    )
+#     message = (
+#         f"Sanic found 2 listener(s) on "
+#         "secondary applications attached to the main "
+#         "process. These will be ignored since main "
+#         "process listeners can only be attached to your "
+#         "primary application: "
+#         f"{repr(app_one)}"
+#     )
 
-    assert ("sanic.error", logging.WARNING, message) in log
+#     assert ("sanic.error", logging.WARNING, message) in log
 
 
-def test_no_applications():
-    Sanic._app_registry = {}
-    message = "Did not find any applications."
-    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match=message):
-        Sanic.serve()
+# def test_no_applications():
+#     Sanic._app_registry = {}
+#     message = "Did not find any applications."
+#     with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match=message):
+#         Sanic.serve()
 
 
-def test_oserror_warning(app_one, app_two, run_multi, capfd):
-    orig = AsyncioServer.__await__
-    AsyncioServer.__await__ = Mock(side_effect=OSError("foo"))
-    app_one.prepare(port=23456, workers=2)
-    app_two.prepare(port=23457, workers=2)
+# def test_oserror_warning(app_one, app_two, run_multi, capfd):
+#     orig = AsyncioServer.__await__
+#     AsyncioServer.__await__ = Mock(side_effect=OSError("foo"))
+#     app_one.prepare(port=23456, workers=2)
+#     app_two.prepare(port=23457, workers=2)
 
-    run_multi(app_one)
+#     run_multi(app_one)
 
-    captured = capfd.readouterr()
-    assert (
-        "An OSError was detected on startup. The encountered error was: foo"
-    ) in captured.err
+#     captured = capfd.readouterr()
+#     assert (
+#         "An OSError was detected on startup. The encountered error was: foo"
+#     ) in captured.err
 
-    AsyncioServer.__await__ = orig
+#     AsyncioServer.__await__ = orig
 
 
-def test_running_multiple_offset_warning(app_one, app_two, run_multi, capfd):
-    app_one.prepare(port=23456, workers=2)
-    app_two.prepare(port=23457)
+# def test_running_multiple_offset_warning(app_one, app_two, run_multi, capfd):
+#     app_one.prepare(port=23456, workers=2)
+#     app_two.prepare(port=23457)
 
-    run_multi(app_one)
+#     run_multi(app_one)
 
-    captured = capfd.readouterr()
-    assert (
-        f"The primary application {repr(app_one)} is running "
-        "with 2 worker(s). All "
-        "application instances will run with the same number. "
-        f"You requested {repr(app_two)} to run with "
-        "1 worker(s), which will be ignored "
-        "in favor of the primary application."
-    ) in captured.err
+#     captured = capfd.readouterr()
+#     assert (
+#         f"The primary application {repr(app_one)} is running "
+#         "with 2 worker(s). All "
+#         "application instances will run with the same number. "
+#         f"You requested {repr(app_two)} to run with "
+#         "1 worker(s), which will be ignored "
+#         "in favor of the primary application."
+#     ) in captured.err
 
 
-def test_running_multiple_secondary(app_one, app_two, run_multi, capfd):
-    app_one.prepare(port=23456, workers=2)
-    app_two.prepare(port=23457)
+# def test_running_multiple_secondary(app_one, app_two, run_multi, capfd):
+#     app_one.prepare(port=23456, workers=2)
+#     app_two.prepare(port=23457)
 
-    before_start = AsyncMock()
-    app_two.before_server_start(before_start)
-    run_multi(app_one)
+#     before_start = AsyncMock()
+#     app_two.before_server_start(before_start)
+#     run_multi(app_one)
 
-    before_start.await_count == 2
+#     before_start.await_count == 2

tests/test_multiprocessing.py

@@ -4,13 +4,15 @@ import pickle
 import random
 import signal
 
+from asyncio import sleep
+
 import pytest
 
 from sanic_testing.testing import HOST, PORT
 
-from sanic import Blueprint
+from sanic import Blueprint, text
 from sanic.log import logger
-from sanic.response import text
+from sanic.server.socket import configure_socket
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(
@@ -24,14 +26,108 @@ def test_multiprocessing(app):
     num_workers = random.choice(range(2, multiprocessing.cpu_count() * 2 + 1))
     process_list = set()
 
+    @app.after_server_start
+    async def shutdown(app):
+        await sleep(2.1)
+        app.stop()
+
     def stop_on_alarm(*args):
         for process in multiprocessing.active_children():
             process_list.add(process.pid)
-            process.terminate()
 
     signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, stop_on_alarm)
-    signal.alarm(3)
-    app.run(HOST, PORT, workers=num_workers)
+    signal.alarm(2)
+    app.run(HOST, 4120, workers=num_workers, debug=True)
+
+    assert len(process_list) == num_workers + 1
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    not hasattr(signal, "SIGALRM"),
+    reason="SIGALRM is not implemented for this platform, we have to come "
+    "up with another timeout strategy to test these",
+)
+def test_multiprocessing_legacy(app):
+    """Tests that the number of children we produce is correct"""
+    # Selects a number at random so we can spot check
+    num_workers = random.choice(range(2, multiprocessing.cpu_count() * 2 + 1))
+    process_list = set()
+
+    @app.after_server_start
+    async def shutdown(app):
+        await sleep(2.1)
+        app.stop()
+
+    def stop_on_alarm(*args):
+        for process in multiprocessing.active_children():
+            process_list.add(process.pid)
+
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, stop_on_alarm)
+    signal.alarm(2)
+    app.run(HOST, 4121, workers=num_workers, debug=True, legacy=True)
+
+    assert len(process_list) == num_workers
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    not hasattr(signal, "SIGALRM"),
+    reason="SIGALRM is not implemented for this platform, we have to come "
+    "up with another timeout strategy to test these",
+)
+def test_multiprocessing_legacy_sock(app):
+    """Tests that the number of children we produce is correct"""
+    # Selects a number at random so we can spot check
+    num_workers = random.choice(range(2, multiprocessing.cpu_count() * 2 + 1))
+    process_list = set()
+
+    @app.after_server_start
+    async def shutdown(app):
+        await sleep(2.1)
+        app.stop()
+
+    def stop_on_alarm(*args):
+        for process in multiprocessing.active_children():
+            process_list.add(process.pid)
+
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, stop_on_alarm)
+    signal.alarm(2)
+    sock = configure_socket(
+        {
+            "host": HOST,
+            "port": 4121,
+            "unix": None,
+            "backlog": 100,
+        }
+    )
+    app.run(workers=num_workers, debug=True, legacy=True, sock=sock)
+    sock.close()
+
+    assert len(process_list) == num_workers
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    not hasattr(signal, "SIGALRM"),
+    reason="SIGALRM is not implemented for this platform, we have to come "
+    "up with another timeout strategy to test these",
+)
+def test_multiprocessing_legacy_unix(app):
+    """Tests that the number of children we produce is correct"""
+    # Selects a number at random so we can spot check
+    num_workers = random.choice(range(2, multiprocessing.cpu_count() * 2 + 1))
+    process_list = set()
+
+    @app.after_server_start
+    async def shutdown(app):
+        await sleep(2.1)
+        app.stop()
+
+    def stop_on_alarm(*args):
+        for process in multiprocessing.active_children():
+            process_list.add(process.pid)
+
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, stop_on_alarm)
+    signal.alarm(2)
+    app.run(workers=num_workers, debug=True, legacy=True, unix="./test.sock")
 
     assert len(process_list) == num_workers
 
@@ -45,19 +141,23 @@ def test_multiprocessing_with_blueprint(app):
     num_workers = random.choice(range(2, multiprocessing.cpu_count() * 2 + 1))
     process_list = set()
 
+    @app.after_server_start
+    async def shutdown(app):
+        await sleep(2.1)
+        app.stop()
+
     def stop_on_alarm(*args):
         for process in multiprocessing.active_children():
             process_list.add(process.pid)
-            process.terminate()
 
     signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, stop_on_alarm)
-    signal.alarm(3)
+    signal.alarm(2)
 
     bp = Blueprint("test_text")
     app.blueprint(bp)
-    app.run(HOST, PORT, workers=num_workers)
+    app.run(HOST, 4121, workers=num_workers, debug=True)
 
-    assert len(process_list) == num_workers
+    assert len(process_list) == num_workers + 1
 
 
 # this function must be outside a test function so that it can be
@@ -66,62 +166,58 @@ def handler(request):
     return text("Hello")
 
 
+def stop(app):
+    app.stop()
+
+
 # Multiprocessing on Windows requires app to be able to be pickled
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("protocol", [3, 4])
 def test_pickle_app(app, protocol):
     app.route("/")(handler)
-    app.router.finalize()
+    app.after_server_start(stop)
     app.router.reset()
+    app.signal_router.reset()
     p_app = pickle.dumps(app, protocol=protocol)
     del app
     up_p_app = pickle.loads(p_app)
-    up_p_app.router.finalize()
     assert up_p_app
-    request, response = up_p_app.test_client.get("/")
-    assert response.text == "Hello"
+    up_p_app.run(single_process=True)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("protocol", [3, 4])
 def test_pickle_app_with_bp(app, protocol):
     bp = Blueprint("test_text")
     bp.route("/")(handler)
+    bp.after_server_start(stop)
     app.blueprint(bp)
-    app.router.finalize()
     app.router.reset()
+    app.signal_router.reset()
     p_app = pickle.dumps(app, protocol=protocol)
     del app
     up_p_app = pickle.loads(p_app)
-    up_p_app.router.finalize()
     assert up_p_app
-    request, response = up_p_app.test_client.get("/")
-    assert response.text == "Hello"
+    up_p_app.run(single_process=True)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("protocol", [3, 4])
 def test_pickle_app_with_static(app, protocol):
     app.route("/")(handler)
+    app.after_server_start(stop)
     app.static("/static", "/tmp/static")
-    app.router.finalize()
     app.router.reset()
+    app.signal_router.reset()
     p_app = pickle.dumps(app, protocol=protocol)
     del app
     up_p_app = pickle.loads(p_app)
-    up_p_app.router.finalize()
     assert up_p_app
-    request, response = up_p_app.test_client.get("/static/missing.txt")
-    assert response.status == 404
+    up_p_app.run(single_process=True)
 
 
 def test_main_process_event(app, caplog):
     # Selects a number at random so we can spot check
     num_workers = random.choice(range(2, multiprocessing.cpu_count() * 2 + 1))
 
-    def stop_on_alarm(*args):
-        for process in multiprocessing.active_children():
-            process.terminate()
-
-    signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, stop_on_alarm)
-    signal.alarm(1)
+    app.after_server_start(stop)
 
     @app.listener("main_process_start")
     def main_process_start(app, loop):

tests/test_pipelining.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from httpx import AsyncByteStream
 from sanic_testing.reusable import ReusableClient
 
 from sanic.response import json, text

tests/test_prepare.py

@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@ def no_skip():
     yield
     Sanic._app_registry = {}
     Sanic.should_auto_reload = should_auto_reload
+    try:
+        del os.environ["SANIC_MOTD_OUTPUT"]
+    except KeyError:
+        ...
 
 
 def get_primary(app: Sanic) -> ApplicationServerInfo:
@@ -55,17 +59,21 @@ def test_reload_dir(app: Sanic, dirs, caplog):
         assert ("sanic.root", logging.WARNING, message) in caplog.record_tuples
 
 
-def test_fast(app: Sanic, run_multi):
-    app.prepare(fast=True)
+def test_fast(app: Sanic, caplog):
+    @app.after_server_start
+    async def stop(app, _):
+        app.stop()
+
     try:
         workers = len(os.sched_getaffinity(0))
     except AttributeError:
         workers = os.cpu_count() or 1
 
+    with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
+        app.prepare(fast=True)
+
     assert app.state.fast
     assert app.state.workers == workers
 
-    logs = run_multi(app, logging.INFO)
-
-    messages = [m[2] for m in logs]
+    messages = [m[2] for m in caplog.record_tuples]
     assert f"mode: production, goin' fast w/ {workers} workers" in messages