Path protection with pathlib

Co-authored-by: Adam Hopkins <adam@amhopkins.com>

.appveyor.yml

@@ -12,6 +12,17 @@ environment:
       PYTHON_VERSION: "3.7.x"
       PYTHON_ARCH: "64"
 
+    - TOXENV: py38-no-ext
+      PYTHON: "C:\\Python38-x64"
+      PYTHON_VERSION: "3.8.x"
+      PYTHON_ARCH: "64"
+
+    # - TOXENV: py39-no-ext
+    #   PYTHON: "C:\\Python39-x64\\python"
+    #   PYTHONPATH: "C:\\Python39-x64"
+    #   PYTHON_VERSION: "3.9.x"
+    #   PYTHON_ARCH: "64"
+
 init: SET "PATH=%PYTHON%;%PYTHON%\\Scripts;%PATH%"
 
 install:

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# These are supported funding model platforms
+
+github: # Replace with up to 4 GitHub Sponsors-enabled usernames e.g., [user1, user2]
+patreon: # Replace with a single Patreon username
+open_collective: sanic-org # Replace with a single Open Collective username
+ko_fi: # Replace with a single Ko-fi username
+tidelift: # Replace with a single Tidelift platform-name/package-name e.g., npm/babel
+community_bridge: # Replace with a single Community Bridge project-name e.g., cloud-foundry
+liberapay: # Replace with a single Liberapay username
+issuehunt: # Replace with a single IssueHunt username
+otechie: # Replace with a single Otechie username
+custom: # Replace with up to 4 custom sponsorship URLs e.g., ['link1', 'link2']

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+blank_issues_enabled: true
+contact_links:
+  - name: Questions and Help
+    url: https://community.sanicframework.org/c/questions-and-help
+    about: Do you need help with Sanic? Ask your questions here.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/help-wanted.md

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
----
-name: Help wanted
-about: Do you need help? Try community.sanicframework.org
-
----
-
-*DELETE ALL BEFORE POSTING*
-*Post your HELP WANTED questions on [the community forum](https://community.sanicframework.org/)*.
-
-Checkout the community forum before posting any question here.
-We prefer if you put these kinds of questions here:
-
-https://community.sanicframework.org/c/questions-and-help

.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+name: "CodeQL"
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - "*LTS"
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - "*LTS"
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '25 16 * * 0'
+
+jobs:
+  analyze:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+    name: Analyze
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        language: [ 'python' ]
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout repository
+      uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+    - name: Initialize CodeQL
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@v1
+      with:
+        languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
+
+    - name: Autobuild
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@v1
+
+    - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v1

.github/workflows/coverage.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+name: Coverage check
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - "*LTS"
+    tags:
+      - "!*" # Do not execute on tags
+  pull_request:
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
+jobs:
+  test:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        python-version: [3.9]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+      fail-fast: false
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+
+      - name: Install dependencies 🔨
+        run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+          pip install tox
+      - uses: paambaati/codeclimate-action@v2.5.3
+        if: always()
+        env:
+          CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID: ${{ secrets.CODECLIMATE }}
+        with:
+          coverageCommand: tox -e coverage

.github/workflows/on-demand.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+name: On Demand Task
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      python-version:
+        description: 'Version of Python to use for running Test'
+        required: false
+        default: "3.8"
+      tox-env:
+        description: 'Test Environment to Run'
+        required: true
+        default: ''
+      os:
+        description: 'Operating System to Run Test on'
+        required: false
+        default: ubuntu-latest
+jobs:
+  onDemand:
+    name: tox-${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}-on-${{ matrix.os }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        os: ["${{ github.event.inputs.os}}"]
+        config:
+          - { tox-env: "${{ github.event.inputs.tox-env }}", py-version: "${{ github.event.inputs.python-version }}"}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        uses: harshanarayana/custom-actions@main
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.config.py-version }}
+          test-infra-tool: tox
+          test-infra-version: latest
+          action: tests
+          test-additional-args: "-e=${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}"
+          experimental-ignore-error: "yes"

.github/workflows/pr-bandit.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+name: Security Analysis
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - "*LTS"
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
+
+jobs:
+  bandit:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+    name: type-check-${{ matrix.config.python-version }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+        config:
+          - { python-version: 3.7, tox-env: security}
+          - { python-version: 3.8, tox-env: security}
+          - { python-version: 3.9, tox-env: security}
+          - { python-version: "3.10", tox-env: security}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        id: checkout-branch
+
+      - name: Run Linter Checks
+        id: linter-check
+        uses: harshanarayana/custom-actions@main
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.config.python-version }}
+          test-infra-tool: tox
+          test-infra-version: latest
+          action: tests
+          test-additional-args: "-e=${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}"

.github/workflows/pr-docs.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+name: Document Linter
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - "*LTS"
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
+
+jobs:
+  docsLinter:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+    name: Lint Documentation
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        config:
+          - {python-version: "3.8", tox-env: "docs"}
+      fail-fast: false
+
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Run Document Linter
+        uses: harshanarayana/custom-actions@main
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.config.python-version }}
+          test-infra-tool: tox
+          test-infra-version: latest
+          action: tests
+          test-additional-args: "-e=${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}"

.github/workflows/pr-linter.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+name: Linter Checks
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - "*LTS"
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
+
+jobs:
+  linter:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+    name: lint
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+        config:
+          - { python-version: 3.8, tox-env: lint}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        id: checkout-branch
+
+      - name: Run Linter Checks
+        id: linter-check
+        uses: harshanarayana/custom-actions@main
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.config.python-version }}
+          test-infra-tool: tox
+          test-infra-version: latest
+          action: tests
+          test-additional-args: "-e=${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}"

.github/workflows/pr-python-pypy.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+name: Python PyPy Tests
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      tox-env:
+        description: "Tox Env to run on the PyPy Infra"
+        required: false
+        default: "pypy37"
+      pypy-version:
+        description: "Version of PyPy to use"
+        required: false
+        default: "pypy-3.7"
+jobs:
+  testPyPy:
+    name: ut-${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}-${{ matrix.os }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        # os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+        config:
+          - {
+              python-version: "${{ github.event.inputs.pypy-version }}",
+              tox-env: "${{ github.event.inputs.tox-env }}",
+            }
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        id: checkout-branch
+
+      - name: Run Unit Tests
+        uses: harshanarayana/custom-actions@main
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.config.python-version }}
+          test-infra-tool: tox
+          test-infra-version: latest
+          action: tests
+          test-additional-args: "-e=${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}"
+          experimental-ignore-error: "true"
+          command-timeout: "600000"

.github/workflows/pr-python37.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+name: Python 3.7 Tests
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - "*LTS"
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
+
+jobs:
+  testPy37:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+    name: ut-${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}-${{ matrix.os }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: true
+      matrix:
+        #         os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+        config:
+          - { python-version: 3.7, tox-env: py37 }
+          - { python-version: 3.7, tox-env: py37-no-ext }
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        id: checkout-branch
+
+      - name: Run Unit Tests
+        uses: harshanarayana/custom-actions@main
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.config.python-version }}
+          test-infra-tool: tox
+          test-infra-version: latest
+          action: tests
+          test-additional-args: "-e=${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}"
+          test-failure-retry: "3"

.github/workflows/pr-python38.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+name: Python 3.8 Tests
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - "*LTS"
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
+
+jobs:
+  testPy38:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+    name: ut-${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}-${{ matrix.os }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: true
+      matrix:
+        # os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+        config:
+          - { python-version: 3.8, tox-env: py38 }
+          - { python-version: 3.8, tox-env: py38-no-ext }
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        id: checkout-branch
+
+      - name: Run Unit Tests
+        uses: harshanarayana/custom-actions@main
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.config.python-version }}
+          test-infra-tool: tox
+          test-infra-version: latest
+          action: tests
+          test-additional-args: "-e=${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}"
+          test-failure-retry: "3"

.github/workflows/pr-python39.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+name: Python 3.9 Tests
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - "*LTS"
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
+
+jobs:
+  testPy39:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+    name: ut-${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}-${{ matrix.os }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: true
+      matrix:
+        # os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+        config:
+          - {
+              python-version: 3.9,
+              tox-env: py39,
+              ignore-error-flake: "false",
+              command-timeout: "0",
+            }
+          - {
+              python-version: 3.9,
+              tox-env: py39-no-ext,
+              ignore-error-flake: "true",
+              command-timeout: "600000",
+            }
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        id: checkout-branch
+
+      - name: Run Unit Tests
+        uses: harshanarayana/custom-actions@main
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.config.python-version }}
+          test-infra-tool: tox
+          test-infra-version: latest
+          action: tests
+          test-additional-args: "-e=${{ matrix.config.tox-env }},-vv=''"
+          experimental-ignore-error: "${{ matrix.config.ignore-error-flake }}"
+          command-timeout: "${{ matrix.config.command-timeout }}"
+          test-failure-retry: "3"

.github/workflows/pr-type-check.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+name: Typing Checks
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - "*LTS"
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
+
+jobs:
+  typeChecking:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+    name: type-check-${{ matrix.config.python-version }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+        config:
+          # - { python-version: 3.7, tox-env: type-checking}
+          - { python-version: 3.8, tox-env: type-checking}
+          - { python-version: 3.9, tox-env: type-checking}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        id: checkout-branch
+
+      - name: Run Linter Checks
+        id: linter-check
+        uses: harshanarayana/custom-actions@main
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.config.python-version }}
+          test-infra-tool: tox
+          test-infra-version: latest
+          action: tests
+          test-additional-args: "-e=${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}"

.github/workflows/pr-windows.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+name: Run Unit Tests on Windows
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - "*LTS"
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
+
+jobs:
+  testsOnWindows:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+    name: ut-${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        config:
+          - { python-version: 3.7, tox-env: py37-no-ext }
+          - { python-version: 3.8, tox-env: py38-no-ext }
+          - { python-version: 3.9, tox-env: py39-no-ext }
+          - { python-version: pypy-3.7, tox-env: pypy37-no-ext }
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Run Unit Tests
+        uses: ahopkins/custom-actions@pip-extra-args
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.config.python-version }}
+          test-infra-tool: tox
+          test-infra-version: latest
+          action: tests
+          test-additional-args: "-e=${{ matrix.config.tox-env }}"
+          experimental-ignore-error: "true"
+          command-timeout: "600000"
+          pip-extra-args: "--user"

.github/workflows/publish-images.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+name: Publish Docker Images
+on:
+  workflow_run:
+    workflows:
+      - 'Publish Artifacts'
+    types:
+      - completed
+
+jobs:
+  publishDockerImages:
+    name: Docker Image Build [${{ matrix.python-version }}]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: true
+      matrix:
+        python-version: ["3.7", "3.8", "3.9"]
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Build Latest Base images for ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+        uses: harshanarayana/custom-actions@main
+        with:
+          docker-image-base-name: sanicframework/sanic-build
+          ignore-python-setup: 'true'
+          dockerfile-base-dir: './docker'
+          action: 'image-publish'
+          docker-image-tag: "${{ matrix.python-version }}"
+          docker-file-suffix: "base"
+          docker-build-args: "PYTHON_VERSION=${{ matrix.python-version }}"
+          registry-auth-user: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_ACCESS_USER }}
+          registry-auth-password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+          push-images: 'true'
+
+      - name: Publish Sanic Docker Image for ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+        uses: harshanarayana/custom-actions@main
+        with:
+          docker-image-base-name: sanicframework/sanic
+          ignore-python-setup: 'true'
+          dockerfile-base-dir: './docker'
+          action: 'image-publish'
+          docker-build-args: "BASE_IMAGE_TAG=${{ matrix.python-version }}"
+          docker-image-prefix: "${{ matrix.python-version }}"
+          registry-auth-user: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_ACCESS_USER }}
+          registry-auth-password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+          push-images: 'true'

.github/workflows/publish-package.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+name: Publish Artifacts
+on:
+  release:
+    types: [created]
+
+jobs:
+  publishPythonPackage:
+    name: Publishing Sanic Release Artifacts
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: true
+      matrix:
+        python-version: ["3.8"]
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Publish Python Package
+        uses: harshanarayana/custom-actions@main
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+          package-infra-name: "twine"
+          pypi-user: __token__
+          pypi-access-token: ${{ secrets.PYPI_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+          action: "package-publish"
+          pypi-verify-metadata: "true"

.travis.yml

@@ -21,41 +21,83 @@ matrix:
       dist: xenial
       sudo: true
       name: "Python 3.7 without Extensions"
+    - env: TOX_ENV=py38
+      python: 3.8
+      dist: xenial
+      sudo: true
+      name: "Python 3.8 with Extensions"
+    - env: TOX_ENV=py38-no-ext
+      python: 3.8
+      dist: xenial
+      sudo: true
+      name: "Python 3.8 without Extensions"
+    - env: TOX_ENV=py39
+      python: 3.9
+      dist: bionic
+      sudo: true
+      name: "Python 3.9 with Extensions"
+    - env: TOX_ENV=py39-no-ext
+      python: 3.9
+      dist: bionic
+      sudo: true
+      name: "Python 3.9 without Extensions"
     - env: TOX_ENV=type-checking
       python: 3.6
       name: "Python 3.6 Type checks"
     - env: TOX_ENV=type-checking
       python: 3.7
       name: "Python 3.7 Type checks"
+    - env: TOX_ENV=type-checking
+      python: 3.8
+      name: "Python 3.8 Type checks"
+    - env: TOX_ENV=type-checking
+      python: 3.9
+      dist: bionic
+      name: "Python 3.9 Type checks"
     - env: TOX_ENV=lint
       python: 3.6
       name: "Python 3.6 Linter checks"
     - env: TOX_ENV=check
       python: 3.6
       name: "Python 3.6 Package checks"
+    - env: TOX_ENV=security
+      python: 3.6
+      dist: xenial
+      sudo: true
+      name: "Python 3.6 Bandit security scan"
     - env: TOX_ENV=security
       python: 3.7
       dist: xenial
       sudo: true
       name: "Python 3.7 Bandit security scan"
+    - env: TOX_ENV=security
+      python: 3.8
+      dist: xenial
+      sudo: true
+      name: "Python 3.8 Bandit security scan"
+    - env: TOX_ENV=security
+      python: 3.9
+      dist: bionic
+      sudo: true
+      name: "Python 3.9 Bandit security scan"
     - env: TOX_ENV=docs
       python: 3.7
       dist: xenial
       sudo: true
       name: "Python 3.7 Documentation tests"
     - env: TOX_ENV=pyNightly
-      python: 'nightly'
+      python: "nightly"
       name: "Python nightly with Extensions"
     - env: TOX_ENV=pyNightly-no-ext
-      python: 'nightly'
-      name: "Python nightly Extensions"
+      python: "nightly"
+      name: "Python nightly without Extensions"
   allow_failures:
     - env: TOX_ENV=pyNightly
-      python: 'nightly'
+      python: "nightly"
       name: "Python nightly with Extensions"
     - env: TOX_ENV=pyNightly-no-ext
-      python: 'nightly'
-      name: "Python nightly Extensions"
+      python: "nightly"
+      name: "Python nightly without Extensions"
 install:
   - pip install -U tox
   - pip install codecov

CHANGELOG.rst

@@ -1,3 +1,430 @@
+Version 20.12.5
+===============
+
+Bugfixes
+********
+
+  *
+   `#2366 <https://github.com/sanic-org/sanic/pull/2366>`_
+   websocket dependency for websockets 9.1 security fix
+
+Version 20.12.0
+===============
+
+Features
+********
+
+  *
+    `#1945 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1945>`_
+    Static route more verbose if file not found
+
+  *
+    `#1954 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1954>`_
+    Fix static routes registration on a blueprint
+
+  *
+    `#1961 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1961>`_
+    Add Python 3.9 support
+
+  *
+    `#1962 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1962>`_
+    Sanic CLI upgrade
+
+  *
+    `#1967 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1967>`_
+    Update aiofile version requirements
+
+  *
+    `#1969 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1969>`_
+    Update multidict version requirements
+
+  *
+    `#1970 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1970>`_
+    Add py.typed file
+
+  *
+    `#1972 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1972>`_
+    Speed optimization in request handler
+
+  *
+    `#1979 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1979>`_
+    Add app registry and Sanic class level app retrieval
+
+Bugfixes
+********
+
+  *
+    `#1965 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1965>`_
+    Fix Chunked Transport-Encoding in ASGI streaming response
+
+Deprecations and Removals
+*************************
+
+  *
+    `#1981 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1981>`_
+    Cleanup and remove deprecated code
+
+Developer infrastructure
+************************
+
+  *
+    `#1956 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1956>`_
+    Fix load module test
+
+  *
+    `#1973 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1973>`_
+    Transition Travis from .org to .com
+
+  *
+    `#1986 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1986>`_
+    Update tox requirements
+
+Improved Documentation
+**********************
+
+  *
+    `#1951 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1951>`_
+    Documentation improvements
+
+  *
+    `#1983 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1983>`_
+    Remove duplicate contents in testing.rst
+
+  *
+    `#1984 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1984>`_
+    Fix typo in routing.rst
+
+
+Version 20.9.1
+===============
+
+Bugfixes
+********
+
+  *
+    `#1954 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1954>`_
+    Fix static route registration on blueprints
+  *
+    `#1957 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1957>`_
+    Removes duplicate headers in ASGI streaming body
+
+
+Version 19.12.3
+===============
+
+Bugfixes
+********
+
+  *
+    `#1959 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1959>`_
+    Removes duplicate headers in ASGI streaming body
+
+
+Version 20.9.0
+===============
+
+
+Features
+********
+
+  *
+    `#1887 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1887>`_
+    Pass subprotocols in websockets (both sanic server and ASGI)
+
+  *
+    `#1894 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1894>`_
+    Automatically set ``test_mode`` flag on app instance
+
+  *
+    `#1903 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1903>`_
+    Add new unified method for updating app values
+
+  *
+    `#1906 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1906>`_,
+    `#1909 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1909>`_
+    Adds WEBSOCKET_PING_TIMEOUT and WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL configuration values
+
+  *
+    `#1935 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1935>`_
+    httpx version dependency updated, it is slated for removal as a dependency in v20.12
+
+  *
+    `#1937 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1937>`_
+    Added auto, text, and json fallback error handlers (in v21.3, the default will change form html to auto)
+
+Bugfixes
+********
+
+  *
+    `#1897 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1897>`_
+    Resolves exception from unread bytes in stream
+
+Deprecations and Removals
+*************************
+
+  *
+    `#1903 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1903>`_
+    config.from_envar, config.from_pyfile, and config.from_object are deprecated and set to be removed in v21.3
+
+Developer infrastructure
+************************
+
+  *
+    `#1890 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1890>`_,
+    `#1891 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1891>`_
+    Update isort calls to be compatible with new API
+
+  *
+    `#1893 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1893>`_
+    Remove version section from setup.cfg
+
+  *
+    `#1924 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1924>`_
+    Adding --strict-markers for pytest
+
+Improved Documentation
+**********************
+
+  *
+    `#1922 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1922>`_
+    Add explicit ASGI compliance to the README
+
+
+Version 20.6.3
+===============
+
+Bugfixes
+********
+
+  *
+    `#1884 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1884>`_
+    Revert change to multiprocessing mode
+
+
+Version 20.6.2
+===============
+
+Features
+********
+
+  *
+    `#1641 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1641>`_
+    Socket binding implemented properly for IPv6 and UNIX sockets
+
+
+Version 20.6.1
+===============
+
+Features
+********
+
+  *
+    `#1760 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1760>`_
+    Add version parameter to websocket routes
+
+  *
+    `#1866 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1866>`_
+    Add ``sanic`` as an entry point command
+
+  *
+    `#1880 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1880>`_
+    Add handler names for websockets for url_for usage
+
+Bugfixes
+********
+
+  *
+    `#1776 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1776>`_
+    Bug fix for host parameter issue with lists
+
+  *
+    `#1842 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1842>`_
+    Fix static _handler pickling error
+
+  *
+    `#1827 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1827>`_
+    Fix reloader on OSX py38 and Windows
+
+  *
+    `#1848 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1848>`_
+    Reverse named_response_middlware execution order, to match normal response middleware execution order
+
+  *
+    `#1853 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1853>`_
+    Fix pickle error when attempting to pickle an application which contains websocket routes
+
+Deprecations and Removals
+*************************
+
+  *
+    `#1739 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1739>`_
+    Deprecate body_bytes to merge into body
+
+Developer infrastructure
+************************
+
+  *
+    `#1852 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1852>`_
+    Fix naming of CI test env on Python nightlies
+
+  *
+    `#1857 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1857>`_
+    Adjust websockets version to setup.py
+
+  *
+    `#1869 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1869>`_
+    Wrap run()'s "protocol" type annotation in Optional[]
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+**********************
+
+  *
+    `#1846 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1846>`_
+    Update docs to clarify response middleware execution order
+
+  *
+    `#1865 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1865>`_
+    Fixing rst format issue that was hiding documentation
+
+
+Version 20.6.0
+===============
+
+*Released, but unintentionally ommitting PR #1880, so was replaced by 20.6.1*
+
+
+Version 20.3.0
+===============
+
+Features
+********
+
+  *
+    `#1762 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1762>`_
+    Add ``srv.start_serving()`` and ``srv.serve_forever()`` to ``AsyncioServer``
+
+  *
+    `#1767 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1767>`_
+    Make Sanic usable on ``hypercorn -k trio myweb.app``
+
+  *
+    `#1768 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1768>`_
+    No tracebacks on normal errors and prettier error pages
+
+  *
+    `#1769 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1769>`_
+    Code cleanup in file responses
+
+  *
+    `#1793 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1793>`_ and
+    `#1819 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1819>`_
+    Upgrade ``str.format()`` to f-strings
+
+  *
+    `#1798 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1798>`_
+    Allow multiple workers on MacOS with Python 3.8
+
+  *
+    `#1820 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1820>`_
+    Do not set content-type and content-length headers in exceptions
+
+Bugfixes
+********
+
+  *
+    `#1748 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1748>`_
+    Remove loop argument in ``asyncio.Event`` in Python 3.8
+
+  *
+    `#1764 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1764>`_
+    Allow route decorators to stack up again
+
+  *
+    `#1789 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1789>`_
+    Fix tests using hosts yielding incorrect ``url_for``
+
+  *
+    `#1808 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1808>`_
+     Fix Ctrl+C and tests on Windows
+
+Deprecations and Removals
+*************************
+
+  *
+    `#1800 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1800>`_
+    Begin deprecation in way of first-class streaming, removal of ``body_init``, ``body_push``, and ``body_finish``
+
+  *
+    `#1801 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1801>`_
+    Complete deprecation from `#1666 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1666>`_ of dictionary context on ``request`` objects.
+
+  *
+    `#1807 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1807>`_
+    Remove server config args that can be read directly from app
+
+  *
+    `#1818 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1818>`_
+    Complete deprecation of ``app.remove_route`` and ``request.raw_args``
+
+Dependencies
+************
+
+  *
+    `#1794 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1794>`_
+    Bump ``httpx`` to 0.11.1
+
+  *
+    `#1806 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1806>`_
+    Import ``ASGIDispatch`` from top-level ``httpx`` (from third-party deprecation)
+
+Developer infrastructure
+************************
+
+  *
+    `#1833 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1833>`_
+    Resolve broken documentation builds
+
+Improved Documentation
+**********************
+
+  *
+    `#1755 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1755>`_
+    Usage of ``response.empty()``
+
+  *
+    `#1778 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1778>`_
+    Update README
+
+  *
+    `#1783 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1783>`_
+    Fix typo
+
+  *
+    `#1784 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1784>`_
+    Corrected changelog for docs move of MD to RST (`#1691 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1691>`_)
+
+  *
+    `#1803 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1803>`_
+    Update config docs to match DEFAULT_CONFIG
+
+  *
+    `#1814 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1814>`_
+    Update getting_started.rst
+
+  *
+    `#1821 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1821>`_
+    Update to deployment
+
+  *
+    `#1822 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1822>`_
+    Update docs with changes done in 20.3
+
+  *
+    `#1834 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1834>`_
+    Order of listeners
+
+
 Version 19.12.0
 ===============
 
@@ -24,7 +451,7 @@ Bugfixes
 Improved Documentation
 **********************
 
-- Move docs from RST to MD
+- Move docs from MD to RST
 
   Moved all docs from markdown to restructured text like the rest of the docs to unify the scheme and make it easier in
   the future to update documentation. (`#1691 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/issues/1691>`__)
@@ -62,16 +489,16 @@ Version 19.6.2
 Features
 ********
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1562 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1562>`_
-    Remove ``aiohttp`` dependencey and create new ``SanicTestClient`` based upon
+    Remove ``aiohttp`` dependency and create new ``SanicTestClient`` based upon
     `requests-async <https://github.com/encode/requests-async>`_
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1475 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1475>`_
     Added ASGI support (Beta)
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1436 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1436>`_
     Add Configure support from object string
 
@@ -79,19 +506,19 @@ Features
 Bugfixes
 ********
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1587 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1587>`_
     Add missing handle for Expect header.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1560 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1560>`_
     Allow to disable Transfer-Encoding: chunked.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1558 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1558>`_
     Fix graceful shutdown.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1594 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1594>`_
     Strict Slashes behavior fix
 
@@ -102,11 +529,11 @@ Deprecations and Removals
     `#1544 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1544>`_
     Drop dependency on distutil
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1562 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1562>`_
     Drop support for Python 3.5
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1568 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1568>`_
     Deprecate route removal.
 
@@ -123,39 +550,39 @@ Version 19.3
 Features
 ********
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1497 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1497>`_
     Add support for zero-length and RFC 5987 encoded filename for
     multipart/form-data requests.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1484 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1484>`_
     The type of ``expires`` attribute of ``sanic.cookies.Cookie`` is now
     enforced to be of type ``datetime``.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1482 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1482>`_
     Add support for the ``stream`` parameter of ``sanic.Sanic.add_route()``
     available to ``sanic.Blueprint.add_route()``.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1481 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1481>`_
     Accept negative values for route parameters with type ``int`` or ``number``.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1476 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1476>`_
     Deprecated the use of ``sanic.request.Request.raw_args`` - it has a
     fundamental flaw in which is drops repeated query string parameters.
     Added ``sanic.request.Request.query_args`` as a replacement for the
     original use-case.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1472 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1472>`_
     Remove an unwanted ``None`` check in Request class ``repr`` implementation.
     This changes the default ``repr`` of a Request from ``<Request>`` to
     ``<Request: None />``
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1470 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1470>`_
     Added 2 new parameters to ``sanic.app.Sanic.create_server``\ :
 
@@ -166,21 +593,21 @@ Features
 
     This is a breaking change.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1499 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1499>`_
     Added a set of test cases that test and benchmark route resolution.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1457 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1457>`_
     The type of the ``"max-age"`` value in a ``sanic.cookies.Cookie`` is now
     enforced to be an integer. Non-integer values are replaced with ``0``.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1445 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1445>`_
     Added the ``endpoint`` attribute to an incoming ``request``\ , containing the
     name of the handler function.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1423 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1423>`_
     Improved request streaming. ``request.stream`` is now a bounded-size buffer
     instead of an unbounded queue. Callers must now call
@@ -193,7 +620,7 @@ Bugfixes
 ********
 
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1502 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1502>`_
     Sanic was prefetching ``time.time()`` and updating it once per second to
     avoid excessive ``time.time()`` calls. The implementation was observed to
@@ -201,25 +628,25 @@ Bugfixes
     to negligible, so this has been removed. Fixes
     `#1500 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1500>`_
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1501 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1501>`_
     Fix a bug in the auto-reloader when the process was launched as a module
     i.e. ``python -m init0.mod1`` where the sanic server is started
     in ``init0/mod1.py`` with ``debug`` enabled and imports another module in
     ``init0``.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1376 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1376>`_
     Allow sanic test client to bind to a random port by specifying
     ``port=None`` when constructing a ``SanicTestClient``
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1399 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1399>`_
     Added the ability to specify middleware on a blueprint group, so that all
     routes produced from the blueprints in the group have the middleware
     applied.
 
-  * 
+  *
     `#1442 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/pull/1442>`_
     Allow the the use the ``SANIC_ACCESS_LOG`` environment variable to
     enable/disable the access log when not explicitly passed to ``app.run()``.
@@ -261,7 +688,7 @@ Version 18.12
 18.12.0
 *******
 
-* 
+*
   Changes:
 
 
@@ -279,7 +706,7 @@ Version 18.12
   * Deprecate Handler.log
   * Pinned httptools requirement to version 0.0.10+
 
-* 
+*
   Fixes:
 
 

README.rst

@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ Sanic | Build fast. Run fast.
    :target: https://gitter.im/sanic-python/Lobby?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge
 .. |Codecov| image:: https://codecov.io/gh/huge-success/sanic/branch/master/graph/badge.svg
     :target: https://codecov.io/gh/huge-success/sanic
-.. |Build Status| image:: https://travis-ci.org/huge-success/sanic.svg?branch=master
-   :target: https://travis-ci.org/huge-success/sanic
+.. |Build Status| image:: https://travis-ci.com/huge-success/sanic.svg?branch=master
+   :target: https://travis-ci.com/huge-success/sanic
 .. |AppVeyor Build Status| image:: https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/d8pt3ids0ynexi8c/branch/master?svg=true
    :target: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/huge-success/sanic
 .. |Documentation| image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/sanic/badge/?version=latest
@@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ Sanic | Build fast. Run fast.
 
 Sanic is a **Python 3.6+** web server and web framework that's written to go fast. It allows the usage of the ``async/await`` syntax added in Python 3.5, which makes your code non-blocking and speedy.
 
+Sanic is also ASGI compliant, so you can deploy it with an `alternative ASGI webserver <https://sanic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/sanic/deploying.html#running-via-asgi>`_.
+
 `Source code on GitHub <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/>`_ | `Help and discussion board <https://community.sanicframework.org/>`_. 
 
 The project is maintained by the community, for the community. **Contributions are welcome!**
@@ -83,6 +85,9 @@ Installation
   If you are running on a clean install of Fedora 28 or above, please make sure you have the ``redhat-rpm-config`` package installed in case if you want to
   use ``sanic`` with ``ujson`` dependency.
 
+.. note::
+
+  Windows support is currently "experimental" and on a best-effort basis. Multiple workers are also not currently supported on Windows (see `Issue #1517 <https://github.com/huge-success/sanic/issues/1517>`_), but setting ``workers=1`` should launch the server successfully.
 
 Hello World Example
 -------------------
@@ -101,7 +106,7 @@ Hello World Example
     if __name__ == '__main__':
         app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=8000)
         
-Sanic can now be easily run using ``python3 hello.py``.
+Sanic can now be easily run using ``sanic hello.app``.
 
 .. code::
 

SECURITY.md

@@ -4,19 +4,27 @@
 
 Sanic releases long term support release once a year in December. LTS releases receive bug and security updates for **24 months**. Interim releases throughout the year occur every three months, and are supported until the subsequent interim release.
 
-| Version | LTS                | Supported          |
-| ------- | ------------------ | ------------------ |
-| 19.6.0  |                    | :white_check_mark: |
-| 19.3.1  |                    | :heavy_check_mark: |
-| 18.12.0 | :heavy_check_mark: | :heavy_check_mark: |
-| 0.8.3   |                    | :x:                |
-| 0.7.0   |                    | :x:                |
-| 0.6.0   |                    | :x:                |
-| 0.5.4   |                    | :x:                |
-| 0.4.1   |                    | :x:                |
-| 0.3.1   |                    | :x:                |
-| 0.2.0   |                    | :x:                |
-| 0.1.9   |                    | :x:                |
+| Version | LTS           | Supported          |
+| ------- | ------------- | ------------------ |
+| 20.9    |               | :heavy_check_mark: |
+| 20.6    |               | :x:                |
+| 20.3    |               | :x:                |
+| 19.12   | until 2021-12 | :white_check_mark: |
+| 19.9    |               | :x:                |
+| 19.6    |               | :x:                |
+| 19.3    |               | :x:                |
+| 18.12   | until 2020-12 | :white_check_mark: |
+| 0.8.3   |               | :x:                |
+| 0.7.0   |               | :x:                |
+| 0.6.0   |               | :x:                |
+| 0.5.4   |               | :x:                |
+| 0.4.1   |               | :x:                |
+| 0.3.1   |               | :x:                |
+| 0.2.0   |               | :x:                |
+| 0.1.9   |               | :x:                |
+
+:white_check_mark: = security/bug fixes
+:heavy_check_mark: = full support
 
 ## Reporting a Vulnerability
 

changelogs/1892.removal.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Remove [version] section.

changelogs/1904.feature.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Adds WEBSOCKET_PING_TIMEOUT and WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL configuration values
+
+Allows setting the ping_interval and ping_timeout arguments when initializing `WebSocketCommonProtocol`.

changelogs/1970.misc.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Adds py.typed file to expose type information to other packages.

docs/index.rst

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ Guides
    sanic/debug_mode
    sanic/testing
    sanic/deploying
+   sanic/nginx
    sanic/extensions
    sanic/examples
    sanic/changelog

docs/sanic/class_based_views.rst

@@ -28,14 +28,15 @@ using all these methods would look like the following.
     from sanic.views import HTTPMethodView
     from sanic.response import text
 
-    app = Sanic('some_name')
+    app = Sanic("class_views_example")
 
     class SimpleView(HTTPMethodView):
 
       def get(self, request):
           return text('I am get method')
 
-      def post(self, request):
+      # You can also use async syntax
+      async def post(self, request):
           return text('I am post method')
 
       def put(self, request):
@@ -49,22 +50,6 @@ using all these methods would look like the following.
 
     app.add_route(SimpleView.as_view(), '/')
 
-You can also use `async` syntax.
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-    from sanic import Sanic
-    from sanic.views import HTTPMethodView
-    from sanic.response import text
-
-    app = Sanic('some_name')
-
-    class SimpleAsyncView(HTTPMethodView):
-
-      async def get(self, request):
-          return text('I am async get method')
-
-    app.add_route(SimpleAsyncView.as_view(), '/')
 
 URL parameters
 --------------
@@ -154,7 +139,7 @@ lambda:
     from sanic.views import CompositionView
     from sanic.response import text
 
-    app = Sanic(__name__)
+    app = Sanic("composition_example")
 
     def get_handler(request):
         return text('I am a get method')

docs/sanic/config.rst

@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ Sanic holds the configuration in the `config` attribute of the application objec
 
     app = Sanic('myapp')
     app.config.DB_NAME = 'appdb'
-    app.config.DB_USER = 'appuser'
+    app.config['DB_USER'] = 'appuser'
 
-Since the config object actually is a dictionary, you can use its `update` method in order to set several values at once:
+Since the config object has a type that inherits from dictionary, you can use its ``update`` method in order to set several values at once:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
@@ -39,17 +39,98 @@ Any variables defined with the `SANIC_` prefix will be applied to the sanic conf
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    app = Sanic(load_env='MYAPP_')
+    app = Sanic(__name__, load_env='MYAPP_')
 
 Then the above variable would be `MYAPP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT`. If you want to disable loading from environment variables you can set it to `False` instead:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    app = Sanic(load_env=False)
+    app = Sanic(__name__, load_env=False)   
+
+From file, dict, or any object (having __dict__ attribute).
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can store app configurations in: (1) a Python file, (2) a dictionary, or (3) in some other type of custom object.
+
+In order to load configuration from ove of those, you can use ``app.upload_config()``.
+
+**1) From file**
+
+
+Let's say you have ``my_config.py`` file that looks like this:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    # my_config.py
+    A = 1
+    B = 2
+
+Loading config from this file is as easy as:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    app.update_config("/path/to/my_config.py")
+ 
+You can also use environment variables in the path name here.
+
+Let's say you have an environment variable like this:
+
+.. code-block:: shell
+
+    $ export my_path="/path/to"
+    
+Then you can use it like this:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    app.update_config("${my_path}/my_config.py")
+
+.. note::
+
+    Just remember that you have to provide environment variables in the format ${environment_variable} and that $environment_variable is not expanded (is treated as "plain" text).
+
+**2) From dict**
+
+You can also set your app config by providing a ``dict``:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    d = {"A": 1, "B": 2}
+    
+    app.update_config(d)
+ 
+**3) From _any_ object**
+
+App config can be taken from an object. Internally, it uses ``__dict__`` to retrieve keys and values.
+
+For example, pass the class:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    class C:
+        A = 1
+        B = 2
+        
+    app.update_config(C)
+
+or, it can be instantiated:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    c = C()
+    
+    app.update_config(c)
+    
+- From an object (having __dict__ attribute)
+
 
 From an Object
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
+.. note::
+
+     Deprecated, will be removed in version 21.3.
+
 If there are a lot of configuration values and they have sensible defaults it might be helpful to put them into a module:
 
 .. code-block:: python
@@ -71,6 +152,10 @@ You could use a class or any other object as well.
 From a File
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 
+.. note::
+
+     Deprecated, will be removed in version 21.3.
+
 Usually you will want to load configuration from a file that is not part of the distributed application. You can load configuration from a file using `from_pyfile(/path/to/config_file)`. However, that requires the program to know the path to the config file. So instead you can specify the location of the config file in an environment variable and tell Sanic to use that to find the config file:
 
 .. code-block:: python
@@ -98,7 +183,7 @@ The config files are regular Python files which are executed in order to load th
 Builtin Configuration Values
 ----------------------------
 
-Out of the box there are just a few predefined values which can be overwritten when creating the application.
+Out of the box there are just a few predefined values which can be overwritten when creating the application. Note that websocket configuration values will have no impact if running in ASGI mode.
 
 +---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | Variable                  | Default           | Description                                                                 |
@@ -115,15 +200,29 @@ Out of the box there are just a few predefined values which can be overwritten w
 +---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT        | 5                 | How long to hold a TCP connection open (sec)                                |
 +---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| WEBSOCKET_MAX_SIZE        | 2^20              | Maximum size for incoming messages (bytes)                                  |
++---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| WEBSOCKET_MAX_QUEUE       | 32                | Maximum length of the queue that holds incoming messages                    |
++---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| WEBSOCKET_READ_LIMIT      | 2^16              | High-water limit of the buffer for incoming bytes                           |
++---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| WEBSOCKET_WRITE_LIMIT     | 2^16              | High-water limit of the buffer for outgoing bytes                           |
++---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL   | 20                | A Ping frame is sent every ping_interval seconds.                           |
++---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| WEBSOCKET_PING_TIMEOUT    | 20                | Connection is closed when Pong is not received after ping_timeout seconds   |
++---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT | 15.0              | How long to wait to force close non-idle connection (sec)                   |
 +---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | ACCESS_LOG                | True              | Disable or enable access log                                                |
 +---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
-| PROXIES_COUNT             | -1                | The number of proxy servers in front of the app (e.g. nginx; see below)     |
+| FORWARDED_SECRET          | None              | Used to securely identify a specific proxy server (see below)               |
++---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| PROXIES_COUNT             | None              | The number of proxy servers in front of the app (e.g. nginx; see below)     |
 +---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | FORWARDED_FOR_HEADER      | "X-Forwarded-For" | The name of "X-Forwarded-For" HTTP header that contains client and proxy ip |
 +---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
-| REAL_IP_HEADER            | "X-Real-IP"       | The name of "X-Real-IP" HTTP header that contains real client ip            |
+| REAL_IP_HEADER            |  None             | The name of "X-Real-IP" HTTP header that contains real client ip            |
 +---------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 
 The different Timeout variables:
@@ -228,9 +327,7 @@ Proxy config if using ...
 * a proxy that supports `forwarded`: set `FORWARDED_SECRET` to the value that the proxy inserts in the header
     * Apache Traffic Server: `CONFIG proxy.config.http.insert_forwarded STRING for|proto|host|by=_secret`
     * NGHTTPX: `nghttpx --add-forwarded=for,proto,host,by --forwarded-for=ip --forwarded-by=_secret`
-    * NGINX: after `the official instructions <https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/examples/forwarded/>`_, add anywhere in your config:
-
-..        proxy_set_header Forwarded "$proxy_add_forwarded;by=\"_$server_name\";proto=$scheme;host=\"$http_host\";path=\"$request_uri\";secret=_secret";
+    * NGINX: :ref:`nginx`.
 
 * a custom header with client IP: set `REAL_IP_HEADER` to the name of that header
 * `x-forwarded-for`: set `PROXIES_COUNT` to `1` for a single proxy, or a greater number to allow Sanic to select the correct IP

docs/sanic/debug_mode.rst

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ and the Automatic Reloader will be activated.
     from sanic import Sanic
     from sanic.response import json
 
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic(__name__)
 
     @app.route('/')
     async def hello_world(request):
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ the ``auto_reload`` argument will activate or deactivate the Automatic Reloader.
     from sanic import Sanic
     from sanic.response import json
 
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic(__name__)
 
     @app.route('/')
     async def hello_world(request):

docs/sanic/deploying.rst

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 Deploying
 =========
 
-Deploying Sanic is very simple using one of three options: the inbuilt webserver,
+Sanic has three serving options: the inbuilt webserver,
 an `ASGI webserver <https://asgi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/implementations.html>`_, or `gunicorn`.
-It is also very common to place Sanic behind a reverse proxy, like `nginx`.
+
+Sanic's own webserver is the fastest option, and it can be securely run on
+the Internet. Still, it is also very common to place Sanic behind a reverse
+proxy, as shown in :ref:`nginx`.
 
 Running via Sanic webserver
 ---------------------------
@@ -13,6 +16,7 @@ keyword arguments:
 
 - `host` *(default `"127.0.0.1"`)*: Address to host the server on.
 - `port` *(default `8000`)*: Port to host the server on.
+- `unix` *(default `None`)*: Unix socket name to host the server on (instead of TCP).
 - `debug` *(default `False`)*: Enables debug output (slows server).
 - `ssl` *(default `None`)*: `SSLContext` for SSL encryption of worker(s).
 - `sock` *(default `None`)*: Socket for the server to accept connections from.
@@ -47,7 +51,15 @@ If you like using command line arguments, you can launch a Sanic webserver by
 executing the module. For example, if you initialized Sanic as `app` in a file
 named `server.py`, you could run the server like so:
 
-.. python -m sanic server.app --host=0.0.0.0 --port=1337 --workers=4
+::
+
+    sanic server.app --host=0.0.0.0 --port=1337 --workers=4
+
+It can also be called directly as a module.
+
+::
+
+    python -m sanic server.app --host=0.0.0.0 --port=1337 --workers=4
 
 With this way of running sanic, it is not necessary to invoke `app.run` in your
 Python file. If you do, make sure you wrap it so that it only executes when
@@ -85,7 +97,11 @@ before shutdown, and after shutdown. Therefore, in ASGI mode, the startup and sh
 run consecutively and not actually around the server process beginning and ending (since that
 is now controlled by the ASGI server). Therefore, it is best to use `after_server_start` and
 `before_server_stop`.
-3. ASGI mode is still in "beta" as of Sanic v19.6.
+
+Sanic has experimental support for running on `Trio <https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/stable/>`_ with::
+
+    hypercorn -k trio myapp:app
+
 
 Running via Gunicorn
 --------------------
@@ -110,28 +126,6 @@ See the `Gunicorn Docs <http://docs.gunicorn.org/en/latest/settings.html#max-req
 Other deployment considerations
 -------------------------------
 
-Running behind a reverse proxy
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Sanic can be used with a reverse proxy (e.g. nginx). There's a simple example of nginx configuration:
-
-
-::
-
-    server {
-      listen 80;
-      server_name example.org;
-      location / {
-        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
-        proxy_set_header Host $host;
-        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
-      }
-    }
-
-
-If you want to get real client ip, you should configure `X-Real-IP` and `X-Forwarded-For` HTTP headers and set `app.config.PROXIES_COUNT` to `1`; see the configuration page for more information.
-
 Disable debug logging for performance
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 

docs/sanic/examples.rst

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ A simple sanic application with a single ``async`` method with ``text`` and ``js
 Simple App with ``Sanic Views``
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Showcasing the simple mechanism of using :class:`sanic.viewes.HTTPMethodView` as well as a way to extend the same
+Showcasing the simple mechanism of using :class:`sanic.views.HTTPMethodView` as well as a way to extend the same
 into providing a custom ``async`` behavior for ``view``.
 
 .. literalinclude:: ../../examples/simple_async_view.py

docs/sanic/exceptions.rst

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ You can also add an exception handler as such:
     async def server_error_handler(request, exception):
         return text("Oops, server error", status=500)
 
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic("error_handler_example")
     app.error_handler.add(Exception, server_error_handler)
 
 In some cases, you might want to add some more error handling
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ can subclass Sanic's default error handler as such:
             # You custom error handling logic...
             return super().default(request, exception)
 
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic("custom_error_handler_example")
     app.error_handler = CustomErrorHandler()
 
 Useful exceptions

docs/sanic/getting_started.rst

@@ -8,19 +8,19 @@ syntax, so earlier versions of python won't work.
 1. Install Sanic
 ----------------
 
->   If you are running on a clean install of Fedora 28 or above, please make sure you have the ``redhat-rpm-config`` package installed in case if you want to use ``sanic`` with ``ujson`` dependency.
+If you are running on a clean install of Fedora 28 or above, please make sure you have the ``redhat-rpm-config`` package installed in case if you want to use ``sanic`` with ``ujson`` dependency.
 
 .. code-block:: bash
 
     pip3 install sanic
 
 To install sanic without `uvloop` or `ujson` using bash, you can provide either or both of these environmental variables
-using any truthy string like `'y', 'yes', 't', 'true', 'on', '1'` and setting the `SANIC_NO_X` (`X` = `UVLOOP`/`UJSON`)
+using any truthy string like `'y', 'yes', 't', 'true', 'on', '1'` and setting the `SANIC_NO_X` ( with`X` = `UVLOOP`/`UJSON`)
 to true will stop that features installation.
 
 .. code-block:: bash
 
-    SANIC_NO_UVLOOP=true SANIC_NO_UJSON=true pip3 install sanic
+    SANIC_NO_UVLOOP=true SANIC_NO_UJSON=true pip3 install --no-binary :all: sanic
 
 You can also install Sanic from `conda-forge <https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/sanic>`_
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ You can also install Sanic from `conda-forge <https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/s
     from sanic import Sanic
     from sanic.response import json
 
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic("hello_example")
 
     @app.route("/")
     async def test(request):
@@ -60,3 +60,26 @@ Open the address `http://0.0.0.0:8000 <http://0.0.0.0:8000>`_ in your web browse
 the message *Hello world!*.
 
 You now have a working Sanic server!
+
+5. Application registry
+-----------------------
+
+When you instantiate a Sanic instance, that can be retrieved at a later time from the Sanic app registry. This can be useful, for example, if you need to access your Sanic instance from a location where it is not otherwise accessible.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    # ./path/to/server.py
+    from sanic import Sanic
+
+    app = Sanic("my_awesome_server")
+
+    # ./path/to/somewhere_else.py
+    from sanic import Sanic
+
+    app = Sanic.get_app("my_awesome_server")
+
+If you call ``Sanic.get_app("non-existing")`` on an app that does not exist, it will raise ``SanicException`` by default. You can, instead, force the method to return a new instance of ``Sanic`` with that name:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    app = Sanic.get_app("my_awesome_server", force_create=True)

docs/sanic/index.rst

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Sanic aspires to be simple
     from sanic import Sanic
     from sanic.response import json
 
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic("App Name")
 
     @app.route("/")
     async def test(request):

docs/sanic/logging.rst

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ A simple example using default settings would be like this:
    from sanic.log import logger
    from sanic.response import text
 
-   app = Sanic('test')
+   app = Sanic('logging_example')
 
    @app.route('/')
    async def test(request):
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ initialize ``Sanic`` app:
 
 .. code:: python
 
-   app = Sanic('test', log_config=LOGGING_CONFIG)
+   app = Sanic('logging_example', log_config=LOGGING_CONFIG)
 
 And to close logging, simply assign access_log=False:
 
@@ -100,4 +100,4 @@ Log Context Parameter Parameter Value                            Datatype
 
 The default access log format is ``%(asctime)s - (%(name)s)[%(levelname)s][%(host)s]: %(request)s %(message)s %(status)d %(byte)d``
 
-.. _python3 logging API: https://docs.python.org/3/howto/logging.html
+.. _python3 logging API: https://docs.python.org/3/howto/logging.html

docs/sanic/middleware.rst

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ There are two types of middleware: request and response. Both are declared
 using the `@app.middleware` decorator, with the decorator's parameter being a
 string representing its type: `'request'` or `'response'`.
 
-* Request middleware receives only the `request` as argument.
-* Response middleware receives both the `request` and `response`.
+* Request middleware receives only the `request` as an argument and are executed in the order they were added.
+* Response middleware receives both the `request` and `response` and are executed in *reverse* order.
 
 The simplest middleware doesn't modify the request or response at all:
 
@@ -64,12 +64,12 @@ this.
 
     app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
 
-The three middlewares are executed in order:
+The three middlewares are executed in the following order:
 
 1. The first request middleware **add_key** adds a new key `foo` into request context.
 2. Request is routed to handler **index**, which gets the key from context and returns a text response.
-3. The first response middleware **custom_banner** changes the HTTP response header *Server* to say *Fake-Server*
-4. The second response middleware **prevent_xss** adds the HTTP header for preventing Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) attacks.
+3. The second response middleware **prevent_xss** adds the HTTP header for preventing Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) attacks.
+4. The first response middleware **custom_banner** changes the HTTP response header *Server* to say *Fake-Server*
 
 Responding early
 ----------------
@@ -132,13 +132,24 @@ For example:
     async def close_db(app, loop):
         await app.db.close()
 
+Note:
+
+The listeners are deconstructed in the reverse order of being constructed.
+
+For example:
+
+If the first listener in before_server_start handler setups a database connection,
+ones registered after it can rely on that connection being alive both when they are started
+and stopped, because stopping is done in reverse order, and the database connection is
+torn down last.
+
 It's also possible to register a listener using the `register_listener` method.
 This may be useful if you define your listeners in another module besides
 the one you instantiate your app in.
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic(__name__)
 
     async def setup_db(app, loop):
         app.db = await db_setup()

docs/sanic/nginx.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+
+.. _nginx:
+
+Nginx Deployment
+================
+
+Introduction
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Although Sanic can be run directly on Internet, it may be useful to use a proxy
+server such as Nginx in front of it. This is particularly useful for running
+multiple virtual hosts on the same IP, serving NodeJS or other services beside
+a single Sanic app, and it also allows for efficient serving of static files.
+SSL and HTTP/2 are also easily implemented on such proxy.
+
+We are setting the Sanic app to serve only locally at `127.0.0.1:8000`, while the
+Nginx installation is responsible for providing the service to public Internet
+on domain `example.com`. Static files will be served from `/var/www/`.
+
+
+Proxied Sanic app
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The app needs to be setup with a secret key used to identify a trusted proxy,
+so that real client IP and other information can be identified. This protects
+against anyone on the Internet sending fake headers to spoof their IP addresses
+and other details. Choose any random string and configure it both on the app
+and in Nginx config.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from sanic import Sanic
+    from sanic.response import text
+
+    app = Sanic("proxied_example")
+    app.config.FORWARDED_SECRET = "YOUR SECRET"
+
+    @app.get("/")
+    def index(request):
+        # This should display external (public) addresses:
+        return text(
+            f"{request.remote_addr} connected to {request.url_for('index')}\n"
+            f"Forwarded: {request.forwarded}\n"
+        )
+
+    if __name__ == '__main__':
+        app.run(host='127.0.0.1', port=8000, workers=8, access_log=False)
+
+Since this is going to be a system service, save your code to
+`/srv/sanicexample/sanicexample.py`.
+
+For testing, run your app in a terminal.
+
+
+Nginx configuration
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Quite much configuration is required to allow fast transparent proxying, but
+for the most part these don't need to be modified, so bear with me.
+
+Upstream servers need to be configured in a separate `upstream` block to enable
+HTTP keep-alive, which can drastically improve performance, so we use this
+instead of directly providing an upstream address in `proxy_pass` directive. In
+this example, the upstream section is named by `server_name`, i.e. the public
+domain name, which then also gets passed to Sanic in the `Host` header. You may
+change the naming as you see fit. Multiple servers may also be provided for
+load balancing and failover.
+
+Change the two occurrences of `example.com` to your true domain name, and
+instead of `YOUR SECRET` use the secret you chose for your app.
+
+::
+
+    upstream example.com {
+      keepalive 100;
+      server 127.0.0.1:8000;
+      #server unix:/tmp/sanic.sock;
+    }
+
+    server {
+      server_name example.com;
+      listen 443 ssl http2 default_server;
+      listen [::]:443 ssl http2 default_server;
+      # Serve static files if found, otherwise proxy to Sanic
+      location / {
+        root /var/www;
+        try_files $uri @sanic;
+      }
+      location @sanic {
+        proxy_pass http://$server_name;
+        # Allow fast streaming HTTP/1.1 pipes (keep-alive, unbuffered)
+        proxy_http_version 1.1;
+        proxy_request_buffering off;
+        proxy_buffering off;
+        # Proxy forwarding (password configured in app.config.FORWARDED_SECRET)
+        proxy_set_header forwarded "$proxy_forwarded;secret=\"YOUR SECRET\"";
+        # Allow websockets
+        proxy_set_header connection "upgrade";
+        proxy_set_header upgrade $http_upgrade;
+      }
+    }
+
+To avoid cookie visibility issues and inconsistent addresses on search engines,
+it is a good idea to redirect all visitors to one true domain, always using
+HTTPS:
+
+::
+
+    # Redirect all HTTP to HTTPS with no-WWW
+    server {
+      listen 80 default_server;
+      listen [::]:80 default_server;
+      server_name ~^(?:www\.)?(.*)$;
+      return 301 https://$1$request_uri;
+    }
+
+    # Redirect WWW to no-WWW
+    server {
+      listen 443 ssl http2;
+      listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
+      server_name ~^www\.(.*)$;
+      return 301 $scheme://$1$request_uri;
+    }
+
+The above config sections may be placed in `/etc/nginx/sites-available/default`
+or in other site configs (be sure to symlink them to `sites-enabled` if you
+create new ones).
+
+Make sure that your SSL certificates are configured in the main config, or
+add the `ssl_certificate` and `ssl_certificate_key` directives to each
+`server` section that listens on SSL.
+
+Additionally, copy&paste all of this into `nginx/conf.d/forwarded.conf`:
+
+::
+
+    # RFC 7239 Forwarded header for Nginx proxy_pass
+
+    # Add within your server or location block:
+    #    proxy_set_header forwarded "$proxy_forwarded;secret=\"YOUR SECRET\"";
+
+    # Configure your upstream web server to identify this proxy by that password
+    # because otherwise anyone on the Internet could spoof these headers and fake
+    # their real IP address and other information to your service.
+
+
+    # Provide the full proxy chain in $proxy_forwarded
+    map $proxy_add_forwarded $proxy_forwarded {
+      default "$proxy_add_forwarded;by=\"_$hostname\";proto=$scheme;host=\"$http_host\";path=\"$request_uri\"";
+    }
+
+    # The following mappings are based on
+    # https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/examples/forwarded/
+
+    map $remote_addr $proxy_forwarded_elem {
+      # IPv4 addresses can be sent as-is
+      ~^[0-9.]+$          "for=$remote_addr";
+
+      # IPv6 addresses need to be bracketed and quoted
+      ~^[0-9A-Fa-f:.]+$   "for=\"[$remote_addr]\"";
+
+      # Unix domain socket names cannot be represented in RFC 7239 syntax
+      default             "for=unknown";
+    }
+
+    map $http_forwarded $proxy_add_forwarded {
+      # If the incoming Forwarded header is syntactically valid, append to it
+      "~^(,[ \\t]*)*([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+=([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+|\"([\\t \\x21\\x23-\\x5B\\x5D-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF]|\\\\[\\t \\x21-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF])*\"))?(;([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+=([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+|\"([\\t \\x21\\x23-\\x5B\\x5D-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF]|\\\\[\\t \\x21-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF])*\"))?)*([ \\t]*,([ \\t]*([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+=([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+|\"([\\t \\x21\\x23-\\x5B\\x5D-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF]|\\\\[\\t \\x21-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF])*\"))?(;([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+=([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+|\"([\\t \\x21\\x23-\\x5B\\x5D-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF]|\\\\[\\t \\x21-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF])*\"))?)*)?)*$" "$http_forwarded, $proxy_forwarded_elem";
+
+      # Otherwise, replace it
+      default "$proxy_forwarded_elem";
+    }
+
+For installs that don't use `conf.d` and `sites-available`, all of the above
+configs may also be placed inside the `http` section of the main `nginx.conf`.
+
+Reload Nginx config after changes:
+
+::
+
+    sudo nginx -s reload
+
+Now you should be able to connect your app on `https://example.com/`. Any 404
+errors and such will be handled by Sanic's error pages, and whenever a static
+file is present at a given path, it will be served by Nginx.
+
+
+SSL certificates
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If you haven't already configured valid certificates on your server, now is a
+good time to do so. Install `certbot` and `python3-certbot-nginx`, then run
+
+::
+
+    certbot --nginx -d example.com -d www.example.com
+
+`<https://www.nginx.com/blog/using-free-ssltls-certificates-from-lets-encrypt-with-nginx/>`_
+
+Running as a service
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This part is for Linux distributions based on `systemd`. Create a unit file
+`/etc/systemd/system/sanicexample.service`::
+
+    [Unit]
+    Description=Sanic Example
+
+    [Service]
+    User=nobody
+    WorkingDirectory=/srv/sanicexample
+    ExecStart=/usr/bin/env python3 sanicexample.py
+    Restart=always
+
+    [Install]
+    WantedBy=multi-user.target
+
+Then reload service files, start your service and enable it on boot::
+
+    sudo systemctl daemon-reload
+    sudo systemctl start sanicexample
+    sudo systemctl enable sanicexample

docs/sanic/request_data.rst

@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ The difference between Request.args and Request.query_args for the queryset `?ke
           "url": request.url,
           "query_string": request.query_string,
           "args": request.args,
-          "raw_args": request.raw_args,
           "query_args": request.query_args,
       })
 
@@ -72,12 +71,9 @@ The difference between Request.args and Request.query_args for the queryset `?ke
         "url":"http:\/\/0.0.0.0:8000\/test_request_args?key1=value1&key2=value2&key1=value3",
         "query_string":"key1=value1&key2=value2&key1=value3",
         "args":{"key1":["value1","value3"],"key2":["value2"]},
-        "raw_args":{"key1":"value1","key2":"value2"},
         "query_args":[["key1","value1"],["key2","value2"],["key1","value3"]]
     }
 
-- `raw_args` contains only the first entry of `key1`. Will be deprecated in the future versions.
-
 - `files` (dictionary of `File` objects) - List of files that have a name, body, and type
 
 .. code-block:: python
@@ -206,7 +202,7 @@ The output will be:
 Accessing values using `get` and `getlist`
 ------------------------------------------
 
-The `request.args` returns a subclass of `dict` called `RequestParameters`. 
+The `request.args` returns a subclass of `dict` called `RequestParameters`.
 The key difference when using this object is the distinction between the `get` and `getlist` methods.
 
 - `get(key, default=None)` operates as normal, except that when the value of
@@ -228,14 +224,14 @@ The key difference when using this object is the distinction between the `get` a
     from sanic import Sanic
     from sanic.response import json
 
-    app = Sanic(name="example")
+    app = Sanic(__name__)
 
     @app.route("/")
     def get_handler(request):
         return json({
             "p1": request.args.getlist("p1")
         })
-        
+
 Accessing the handler name with the request.endpoint attribute
 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -247,7 +243,7 @@ route will return "hello".
     from sanic.response import text
     from sanic import Sanic
 
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic(__name__)
 
     @app.get("/")
     def hello(request):

docs/sanic/response.rst

@@ -107,6 +107,19 @@ Response without encoding the body
     def handle_request(request):
         return response.raw(b'raw data')
 
+Empty
+--------------
+
+For responding with an empty message as defined by `RFC 2616 <https://tools.ietf.org/search/rfc2616#section-7.2.1>`_
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from sanic import response
+
+    @app.route('/empty')
+    async def handle_request(request):
+        return response.empty()
+
 Modify headers or status
 ------------------------
 

docs/sanic/routing.rst

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ which allows the handler function to work with any of the HTTP methods in the li
     async def get_handler(request):
         return text('GET request - {}'.format(request.args))
 
-There is also an optional `host` argument (which can be a list or a string). This restricts a route to the host or hosts provided. If there is a also a route with no host, it will be the default.
+There is also an optional `host` argument (which can be a list or a string). This restricts a route to the host or hosts provided. If there is also a route with no host, it will be the default.
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ Build URL for static files
 ==========================
 
 Sanic supports using `url_for` method to build static file urls. In case if the static url
-is pointing to a directory, `filename` parameter to the `url_for` can be ignored.   q
+is pointing to a directory, `filename` parameter to the `url_for` can be ignored.
 
 .. code-block:: python
 

docs/sanic/sockets.rst

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ IPv6 example:
     sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
     sock.bind(('::', 7777))
 
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic("ipv6_example")
 
 
     @app.route("/")
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ UNIX socket example:
     sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
     sock.bind(server_socket)
 
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic("unix_socket_example")
 
 
     @app.route("/")

docs/sanic/static_files.rst

@@ -88,5 +88,5 @@ When `stream_large_files` is `True`, Sanic will use `file_stream()` instead of `
 
     app = Sanic(__name__)
 
-    chunk_size = 1024 * 1024 * 8 # Set chunk size to 8KB
+    chunk_size = 1024 * 1024 * 8 # Set chunk size to 8MiB
     app.static('/large_video.mp4', '/home/ubuntu/large_video.mp4', stream_large_files=chunk_size)

docs/sanic/streaming.rst

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Sanic allows you to get request data by stream, as below. When the request ends,
     from sanic.response import stream, text
 
     bp = Blueprint('blueprint_request_stream')
-    app = Sanic('request_stream')
+    app = Sanic(__name__)
 
 
     class SimpleView(HTTPMethodView):

docs/sanic/testing.rst

@@ -58,6 +58,32 @@ More information about
 the available arguments to `httpx` can be found
 [in the documentation for `httpx <https://www.encode.io/httpx/>`_.
 
+.. code-block:: python
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_index_returns_200():
+        request, response = await app.asgi_client.put('/')
+        assert response.status == 200
+.. note::
+
+    Whenever one of the test clients run, you can test your app instance to determine if it is in testing mode:
+    `app.test_mode`.
+
+Additionally, Sanic has an asynchronous testing client. The difference is that the async client will not stand up an
+instance of your application, but will instead reach inside it using ASGI. All listeners and middleware are still
+executed.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_index_returns_200():
+        request, response = await app.asgi_client.put('/')
+        assert response.status == 200
+
+.. note::
+
+    Whenever one of the test clients run, you can test your app instance to determine if it is in testing mode:
+    `app.test_mode`.
+
 
 Using a random port
 -------------------

docs/sanic/websocket.rst

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ To setup a WebSocket:
     from sanic.response import json
     from sanic.websocket import WebSocketProtocol
 
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic("websocket_example")
 
     @app.websocket('/feed')
     async def feed(request, ws):
@@ -51,5 +51,9 @@ You could setup your own WebSocket configuration through ``app.config``, like
     app.config.WEBSOCKET_MAX_QUEUE = 32
     app.config.WEBSOCKET_READ_LIMIT = 2 ** 16
     app.config.WEBSOCKET_WRITE_LIMIT = 2 ** 16
+    app.config.WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL = 20
+    app.config.WEBSOCKET_PING_TIMEOUT = 20
+
+These settings will have no impact if running in ASGI mode.
 
 Find more in ``Configuration`` section.

environment.yml

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-name: py36
-dependencies:
-- pip=18.1=py36_0
-- python=3.6=0
-- setuptools=40.4.3=py36_0
-- pip:
-  - httptools>=0.0.10
-  - uvloop>=0.5.3
-  - ujson>=1.35
-  - aiofiles>=0.3.0
-  - websockets>=6.0,<7.0
-  - multidict>=4.0,<5.0
-  - sphinx==1.8.3
-  - sphinx_rtd_theme==0.4.2
-  - recommonmark==0.5.0
-  - httpx==0.9.3
-  - sphinxcontrib-asyncio>=0.2.0
-  - docutils==0.14
-  - pygments==2.3.1

examples/blueprint_middlware_execution_order.py

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+from sanic import Sanic, Blueprint
+from sanic.response import text
+'''
+Demonstrates that blueprint request middleware are executed in the order they 
+are added. And blueprint response middleware are executed in _reverse_ order.
+On a valid request, it should print "1 2 3 6 5 4" to terminal
+'''
+
+app = Sanic(__name__)
+
+bp = Blueprint("bp_"+__name__)
+
+@bp.middleware('request')
+def request_middleware_1(request):
+    print('1')
+
+@bp.middleware('request')
+def request_middleware_2(request):
+    print('2')
+
+@bp.middleware('request')
+def request_middleware_3(request):
+    print('3')
+
+@bp.middleware('response')
+def resp_middleware_4(request, response):
+    print('4')
+
+@bp.middleware('response')
+def resp_middleware_5(request, response):
+    print('5')
+
+@bp.middleware('response')
+def resp_middleware_6(request, response):
+    print('6')
+
+@bp.route('/')
+def pop_handler(request):
+    return text('hello world')
+
+app.blueprint(bp, url_prefix='/bp')
+
+app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000, debug=True, auto_reload=False)

examples/delayed_response.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+from asyncio import sleep
+
+from sanic import Sanic, response
+
+app = Sanic(__name__, strict_slashes=True)
+
+@app.get("/")
+async def handler(request):
+    return response.redirect("/sleep/3")
+
+@app.get("/sleep/<t:number>")
+async def handler2(request, t=0.3):
+    await sleep(t)
+    return response.text(f"Slept {t:.1f} seconds.\n")
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)

examples/run_asgi.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 """
 
 from pathlib import Path
+
 from sanic import Sanic, response
 
 

readthedocs.yml

@@ -1,2 +1,9 @@
-conda:
-    file: environment.yml
+version: 2
+python:
+   version: 3.8
+   install:
+      - method: pip
+        path: .
+        extra_requirements:
+            - docs
+   system_packages: true

sanic/__main__.py

@@ -1,39 +1,105 @@
-from argparse import ArgumentParser
+import os
+import sys
+
+from argparse import ArgumentParser, RawDescriptionHelpFormatter
 from importlib import import_module
 from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
 
+from sanic import __version__
 from sanic.app import Sanic
+from sanic.config import BASE_LOGO
 from sanic.log import logger
 
 
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    parser = ArgumentParser(prog="sanic")
-    parser.add_argument("--host", dest="host", type=str, default="127.0.0.1")
-    parser.add_argument("--port", dest="port", type=int, default=8000)
+class SanicArgumentParser(ArgumentParser):
+    def add_bool_arguments(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        group = self.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
+        group.add_argument(*args, action="store_true", **kwargs)
+        kwargs["help"] = "no " + kwargs["help"]
+        group.add_argument(
+            "--no-" + args[0][2:], *args[1:], action="store_false", **kwargs
+        )
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = SanicArgumentParser(
+        prog="sanic",
+        description=BASE_LOGO,
+        formatter_class=RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-H",
+        "--host",
+        dest="host",
+        type=str,
+        default="127.0.0.1",
+        help="host address [default 127.0.0.1]",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-p",
+        "--port",
+        dest="port",
+        type=int,
+        default=8000,
+        help="port to serve on [default 8000]",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-u",
+        "--unix",
+        dest="unix",
+        type=str,
+        default="",
+        help="location of unix socket",
+    )
     parser.add_argument(
         "--cert", dest="cert", type=str, help="location of certificate for SSL"
     )
     parser.add_argument(
         "--key", dest="key", type=str, help="location of keyfile for SSL."
     )
-    parser.add_argument("--workers", dest="workers", type=int, default=1)
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-w",
+        "--workers",
+        dest="workers",
+        type=int,
+        default=1,
+        help="number of worker processes [default 1]",
+    )
     parser.add_argument("--debug", dest="debug", action="store_true")
-    parser.add_argument("module")
+    parser.add_bool_arguments(
+        "--access-logs", dest="access_log", help="display access logs"
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-v",
+        "--version",
+        action="version",
+        version=f"Sanic {__version__}",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "module", help="path to your Sanic app. Example: path.to.server:app"
+    )
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
     try:
-        module_parts = args.module.split(".")
-        module_name = ".".join(module_parts[:-1])
-        app_name = module_parts[-1]
+        module_path = os.path.abspath(os.getcwd())
+        if module_path not in sys.path:
+            sys.path.append(module_path)
+
+        if ":" in args.module:
+            module_name, app_name = args.module.rsplit(":", 1)
+        else:
+            module_parts = args.module.split(".")
+            module_name = ".".join(module_parts[:-1])
+            app_name = module_parts[-1]
 
         module = import_module(module_name)
         app = getattr(module, app_name, None)
+        app_name = type(app).__name__
+
         if not isinstance(app, Sanic):
             raise ValueError(
-                "Module is not a Sanic app, it is a {}.  "
-                "Perhaps you meant {}.app?".format(
-                    type(app).__name__, args.module
-                )
+                f"Module is not a Sanic app, it is a {app_name}.  "
+                f"Perhaps you meant {args.module}.app?"
             )
         if args.cert is not None or args.key is not None:
             ssl = {
@@ -46,15 +112,21 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         app.run(
             host=args.host,
             port=args.port,
+            unix=args.unix,
             workers=args.workers,
             debug=args.debug,
+            access_log=args.access_log,
             ssl=ssl,
         )
     except ImportError as e:
         logger.error(
-            "No module named {} found.\n"
-            "  Example File: project/sanic_server.py -> app\n"
-            "  Example Module: project.sanic_server.app".format(e.name)
+            f"No module named {e.name} found.\n"
+            f"  Example File: project/sanic_server.py -> app\n"
+            f"  Example Module: project.sanic_server.app"
         )
     except ValueError:
         logger.exception("Failed to run app")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

sanic/__version__.py

@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = "19.12.5"
+__version__ = "20.12.7"

sanic/app.py

@@ -2,17 +2,18 @@ import logging
 import logging.config
 import os
 import re
-import warnings
+import sys
 
 from asyncio import CancelledError, Protocol, ensure_future, get_event_loop
 from collections import defaultdict, deque
 from functools import partial
-from inspect import getmodulename, isawaitable, signature, stack
+from inspect import isawaitable, signature
 from socket import socket
 from ssl import Purpose, SSLContext, create_default_context
 from traceback import format_exc
 from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Type, Union
 from urllib.parse import urlencode, urlunparse
+from warnings import warn
 
 from sanic import reloader_helpers
 from sanic.asgi import ASGIApp
@@ -38,6 +39,9 @@ from sanic.websocket import ConnectionClosed, WebSocketProtocol
 
 
 class Sanic:
+    _app_registry: Dict[str, "Sanic"] = {}
+    test_mode = False
+
     def __init__(
         self,
         name=None,
@@ -48,27 +52,35 @@ class Sanic:
         strict_slashes=False,
         log_config=None,
         configure_logging=True,
+        register=None,
     ):
 
         # Get name from previous stack frame
         if name is None:
-            warnings.warn(
-                "Sanic(name=None) is deprecated and None value support "
-                "for `name` will be removed in the next release. "
+            raise SanicException(
+                "Sanic instance cannot be unnamed. "
                 "Please use Sanic(name='your_application_name') instead.",
-                DeprecationWarning,
-                stacklevel=2,
             )
-            frame_records = stack()[1]
-            name = getmodulename(frame_records[1])
 
         # logging
         if configure_logging:
             logging.config.dictConfig(log_config or LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS)
 
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+            error_logger.error(
+                "Unsupported version of Python has been detected.\n\nPython "
+                f"version {sys.version} is not supported by this version of "
+                "Sanic. There is a security advisory that has been issued for "
+                "Sanic v20.12 while running Python 3.10+. You should either "
+                "use a supported version of Python (v3.6 - v3.9) or upgrade "
+                "Sanic to v21+.\n\nPlease see https://github.com/sanic-org/"
+                "sanic/security/advisories/GHSA-7p79-6x2v-5h88 for "
+                "more information.\n"
+            )
+
         self.name = name
         self.asgi = False
-        self.router = router or Router()
+        self.router = router or Router(self)
         self.request_class = request_class
         self.error_handler = error_handler or ErrorHandler()
         self.config = Config(load_env=load_env)
@@ -81,6 +93,7 @@ class Sanic:
         self.sock = None
         self.strict_slashes = strict_slashes
         self.listeners = defaultdict(list)
+        self.is_stopping = False
         self.is_running = False
         self.is_request_stream = False
         self.websocket_enabled = False
@@ -90,6 +103,12 @@ class Sanic:
         # Register alternative method names
         self.go_fast = self.run
 
+        if register is not None:
+            self.config.REGISTER = register
+
+        if self.config.REGISTER:
+            self.__class__.register_app(self)
+
     @property
     def loop(self):
         """Synonymous with asyncio.get_event_loop().
@@ -116,24 +135,12 @@ class Sanic:
         :param task: future, couroutine or awaitable
         """
         try:
-            if callable(task):
-                try:
-                    self.loop.create_task(task(self))
-                except TypeError:
-                    self.loop.create_task(task())
-            else:
-                self.loop.create_task(task)
+            loop = self.loop  # Will raise SanicError if loop is not started
+            self._loop_add_task(task, self, loop)
         except SanicException:
-
-            @self.listener("before_server_start")
-            def run(app, loop):
-                if callable(task):
-                    try:
-                        loop.create_task(task(self))
-                    except TypeError:
-                        loop.create_task(task())
-                else:
-                    loop.create_task(task)
+            self.listener("before_server_start")(
+                partial(self._loop_add_task, task)
+            )
 
     # Decorator
     def listener(self, event):
@@ -203,9 +210,11 @@ class Sanic:
             args = list(signature(handler).parameters.keys())
 
             if not args:
+                handler_name = handler.__name__
+
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "Required parameter `request` missing "
-                    "in the {0}() route?".format(handler.__name__)
+                    f"Required parameter `request` missing "
+                    f"in the {handler_name}() route?"
                 )
 
             if stream:
@@ -459,7 +468,13 @@ class Sanic:
 
     # Decorator
     def websocket(
-        self, uri, host=None, strict_slashes=None, subprotocols=None, name=None
+        self,
+        uri,
+        host=None,
+        strict_slashes=None,
+        subprotocols=None,
+        version=None,
+        name=None,
     ):
         """
         Decorate a function to be registered as a websocket route
@@ -490,47 +505,10 @@ class Sanic:
                 routes, handler = handler
             else:
                 routes = []
-
-            async def websocket_handler(request, *args, **kwargs):
-                request.app = self
-                if not getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", False):
-                    request.endpoint = handler.__name__
-                else:
-                    request.endpoint = (
-                        getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", "")
-                        + handler.__name__
-                    )
-
-                    pass
-
-                if self.asgi:
-                    ws = request.transport.get_websocket_connection()
-                else:
-                    try:
-                        protocol = request.transport.get_protocol()
-                    except AttributeError:
-                        # On Python3.5 the Transport classes in asyncio do not
-                        # have a get_protocol() method as in uvloop
-                        protocol = request.transport._protocol
-                    protocol.app = self
-
-                    ws = await protocol.websocket_handshake(
-                        request, subprotocols
-                    )
-
-                # schedule the application handler
-                # its future is kept in self.websocket_tasks in case it
-                # needs to be cancelled due to the server being stopped
-                fut = ensure_future(handler(request, ws, *args, **kwargs))
-                self.websocket_tasks.add(fut)
-                try:
-                    await fut
-                except (CancelledError, ConnectionClosed):
-                    pass
-                finally:
-                    self.websocket_tasks.remove(fut)
-                await ws.close()
-
+            websocket_handler = partial(
+                self._websocket_handler, handler, subprotocols=subprotocols
+            )
+            websocket_handler.__name__ = handler.__name__
             routes.extend(
                 self.router.add(
                     uri=uri,
@@ -538,6 +516,7 @@ class Sanic:
                     methods=frozenset({"GET"}),
                     host=host,
                     strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
+                    version=version,
                     name=name,
                 )
             )
@@ -552,6 +531,7 @@ class Sanic:
         host=None,
         strict_slashes=None,
         subprotocols=None,
+        version=None,
         name=None,
     ):
         """
@@ -579,6 +559,7 @@ class Sanic:
             host=host,
             strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
             subprotocols=subprotocols,
+            version=version,
             name=name,
         )(handler)
 
@@ -591,36 +572,10 @@ class Sanic:
         if not self.websocket_enabled:
             # if the server is stopped, we want to cancel any ongoing
             # websocket tasks, to allow the server to exit promptly
-            @self.listener("before_server_stop")
-            def cancel_websocket_tasks(app, loop):
-                for task in self.websocket_tasks:
-                    task.cancel()
+            self.listener("before_server_stop")(self._cancel_websocket_tasks)
 
         self.websocket_enabled = enable
 
-    def remove_route(self, uri, clean_cache=True, host=None):
-        """
-        This method provides the app user a mechanism by which an already
-        existing route can be removed from the :class:`Sanic` object
-
-        .. warning::
-            remove_route is deprecated in v19.06 and will be removed
-            from future versions.
-
-        :param uri: URL Path to be removed from the app
-        :param clean_cache: Instruct sanic if it needs to clean up the LRU
-            route cache
-        :param host: IP address or FQDN specific to the host
-        :return: None
-        """
-        warnings.warn(
-            "remove_route is deprecated and will be removed "
-            "from future versions.",
-            DeprecationWarning,
-            stacklevel=2,
-        )
-        self.router.remove(uri, clean_cache, host)
-
     # Decorator
     def exception(self, *exceptions):
         """Decorate a function to be registered as a handler for exceptions
@@ -678,7 +633,7 @@ class Sanic:
                 if _rn not in self.named_response_middleware:
                     self.named_response_middleware[_rn] = deque()
                 if middleware not in self.named_response_middleware[_rn]:
-                    self.named_response_middleware[_rn].append(middleware)
+                    self.named_response_middleware[_rn].appendleft(middleware)
 
     # Decorator
     def middleware(self, middleware_or_request):
@@ -736,9 +691,10 @@ class Sanic:
         :param strict_slashes: Instruct :class:`Sanic` to check if the request
             URLs need to terminate with a */*
         :param content_type: user defined content type for header
-        :return: None
+        :return: routes registered on the router
+        :rtype: List[sanic.router.Route]
         """
-        static_register(
+        return static_register(
             self,
             uri,
             file_or_directory,
@@ -773,28 +729,6 @@ class Sanic:
             self._blueprint_order.append(blueprint)
         blueprint.register(self, options)
 
-    def register_blueprint(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        """
-        Proxy method provided for invoking the :func:`blueprint` method
-
-        .. note::
-            To be deprecated in 1.0. Use :func:`blueprint` instead.
-
-        :param args: Blueprint object or (list, tuple) thereof
-        :param kwargs: option dictionary with blueprint defaults
-        :return: None
-        """
-
-        if self.debug:
-            warnings.simplefilter("default")
-        warnings.warn(
-            "Use of register_blueprint will be deprecated in "
-            "version 1.0.  Please use the blueprint method"
-            " instead",
-            DeprecationWarning,
-        )
-        return self.blueprint(*args, **kwargs)
-
     def url_for(self, view_name: str, **kwargs):
         r"""Build a URL based on a view name and the values provided.
 
@@ -825,9 +759,27 @@ class Sanic:
             kw.update(name=view_name)
 
         uri, route = self.router.find_route_by_view_name(view_name, **kw)
+
+        # TODO(laggardkernel): this fix should be removed in v21.3.
+        # Try again without the unnecessary prefix "websocket_handler_",
+        # which was added by accident on non-blueprint handlers. GH-2021
+        if not (uri and route) and view_name.startswith("websocket_handler_"):
+            view_name = view_name[18:]
+            uri, route = self.router.find_route_by_view_name(view_name, **kw)
+            if uri and route:
+                warn(
+                    "The bug of adding unnecessary `websocket_handler_` "
+                    "prefix in param `view_name` for non-blueprint handlers "
+                    "is fixed. This backward support will be removed in "
+                    "v21.3. Please update `Sanic.url_for()` callings in your "
+                    "code soon.",
+                    DeprecationWarning,
+                    stacklevel=2,
+                )
+
         if not (uri and route):
             raise URLBuildError(
-                "Endpoint with name `{}` was not found".format(view_name)
+                f"Endpoint with name `{view_name}` was not found"
             )
 
         # If the route has host defined, split that off
@@ -849,7 +801,7 @@ class Sanic:
                 if filename.startswith("/"):
                     filename = filename[1:]
 
-                uri = "{}/{}".format(folder_, filename)
+                uri = f"{folder_}/{filename}"
 
         if uri != "/" and uri.endswith("/"):
             uri = uri[:-1]
@@ -885,7 +837,7 @@ class Sanic:
         for match in matched_params:
             name, _type, pattern = self.router.parse_parameter_string(match)
             # we only want to match against each individual parameter
-            specific_pattern = "^{}$".format(pattern)
+            specific_pattern = f"^{pattern}$"
             supplied_param = None
 
             if name in kwargs:
@@ -893,9 +845,7 @@ class Sanic:
                 del kwargs[name]
             else:
                 raise URLBuildError(
-                    "Required parameter `{}` was not passed to url_for".format(
-                        name
-                    )
+                    f"Required parameter `{name}` was not passed to url_for"
                 )
 
             supplied_param = str(supplied_param)
@@ -905,23 +855,22 @@ class Sanic:
 
             if not passes_pattern:
                 if _type != str:
+                    type_name = _type.__name__
+
                     msg = (
-                        'Value "{}" for parameter `{}` does not '
-                        "match pattern for type `{}`: {}".format(
-                            supplied_param, name, _type.__name__, pattern
-                        )
+                        f'Value "{supplied_param}" '
+                        f"for parameter `{name}` does not "
+                        f"match pattern for type `{type_name}`: {pattern}"
                     )
                 else:
                     msg = (
-                        'Value "{}" for parameter `{}` '
-                        "does not satisfy pattern {}".format(
-                            supplied_param, name, pattern
-                        )
+                        f'Value "{supplied_param}" for parameter `{name}` '
+                        f"does not satisfy pattern {pattern}"
                     )
                 raise URLBuildError(msg)
 
             # replace the parameter in the URL with the supplied value
-            replacement_regex = "(<{}.*?>)".format(name)
+            replacement_regex = f"(<{name}.*?>)"
 
             out = re.sub(replacement_regex, supplied_param, out)
 
@@ -962,7 +911,9 @@ class Sanic:
         name = None
         try:
             # Fetch handler from router
-            handler, args, kwargs, uri, name = self.router.get(request)
+            handler, args, kwargs, uri, name, endpoint = self.router.get(
+                request
+            )
 
             # -------------------------------------------- #
             # Request Middleware
@@ -984,16 +935,8 @@ class Sanic:
                             "handler from the router"
                         )
                     )
-                else:
-                    if not getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", False):
-                        request.endpoint = self._build_endpoint_name(
-                            handler.__name__
-                        )
-                    else:
-                        request.endpoint = self._build_endpoint_name(
-                            getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", ""),
-                            handler.__name__,
-                        )
+
+                request.endpoint = endpoint
 
                 # Run response handler
                 response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
@@ -1022,9 +965,8 @@ class Sanic:
                     )
                 elif self.debug:
                     response = HTTPResponse(
-                        "Error while handling error: {}\nStack: {}".format(
-                            e, format_exc()
-                        ),
+                        f"Error while "
+                        f"handling error: {e}\nStack: {format_exc()}",
                         status=500,
                     )
                 else:
@@ -1087,16 +1029,18 @@ class Sanic:
         self,
         host: Optional[str] = None,
         port: Optional[int] = None,
+        *,
         debug: bool = False,
+        auto_reload: Optional[bool] = None,
         ssl: Union[dict, SSLContext, None] = None,
         sock: Optional[socket] = None,
         workers: int = 1,
-        protocol: Type[Protocol] = None,
+        protocol: Optional[Type[Protocol]] = None,
         backlog: int = 100,
-        stop_event: Any = None,
         register_sys_signals: bool = True,
         access_log: Optional[bool] = None,
-        **kwargs: Any
+        unix: Optional[str] = None,
+        loop: None = None,
     ) -> None:
         """Run the HTTP Server and listen until keyboard interrupt or term
         signal. On termination, drain connections before closing.
@@ -1107,6 +1051,9 @@ class Sanic:
         :type port: int
         :param debug: Enables debug output (slows server)
         :type debug: bool
+        :param auto_reload: Reload app whenever its source code is changed.
+                            Enabled by default in debug mode.
+        :type auto_relaod: bool
         :param ssl: SSLContext, or location of certificate and key
                     for SSL encryption of worker(s)
         :type ssl: SSLContext or dict
@@ -1119,16 +1066,15 @@ class Sanic:
         :param backlog: a number of unaccepted connections that the system
                         will allow before refusing new connections
         :type backlog: int
-        :param stop_event: event to be triggered
-                           before stopping the app - deprecated
-        :type stop_event: None
         :param register_sys_signals: Register SIG* events
         :type register_sys_signals: bool
         :param access_log: Enables writing access logs (slows server)
         :type access_log: bool
+        :param unix: Unix socket to listen on instead of TCP port
+        :type unix: str
         :return: Nothing
         """
-        if "loop" in kwargs:
+        if loop is not None:
             raise TypeError(
                 "loop is not a valid argument. To use an existing loop, "
                 "change to create_server().\nSee more: "
@@ -1136,13 +1082,9 @@ class Sanic:
                 "#asynchronous-support"
             )
 
-        # Default auto_reload to false
-        auto_reload = False
-        # If debug is set, default it to true (unless on windows)
-        if debug and os.name == "posix":
-            auto_reload = True
-        # Allow for overriding either of the defaults
-        auto_reload = kwargs.get("auto_reload", auto_reload)
+        if auto_reload or auto_reload is None and debug:
+            if os.environ.get("SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING") != "true":
+                return reloader_helpers.watchdog(1.0)
 
         if sock is None:
             host, port = host or "127.0.0.1", port or 8000
@@ -1151,13 +1093,6 @@ class Sanic:
             protocol = (
                 WebSocketProtocol if self.websocket_enabled else HttpProtocol
             )
-        if stop_event is not None:
-            if debug:
-                warnings.simplefilter("default")
-            warnings.warn(
-                "stop_event will be removed from future versions.",
-                DeprecationWarning,
-            )
         # if access_log is passed explicitly change config.ACCESS_LOG
         if access_log is not None:
             self.config.ACCESS_LOG = access_log
@@ -1168,6 +1103,7 @@ class Sanic:
             debug=debug,
             ssl=ssl,
             sock=sock,
+            unix=unix,
             workers=workers,
             protocol=protocol,
             backlog=backlog,
@@ -1177,19 +1113,15 @@ class Sanic:
 
         try:
             self.is_running = True
+            self.is_stopping = False
+            if workers > 1 and os.name != "posix":
+                logger.warn(
+                    f"Multiprocessing is currently not supported on {os.name},"
+                    " using workers=1 instead"
+                )
+                workers = 1
             if workers == 1:
-                if auto_reload and os.name != "posix":
-                    # This condition must be removed after implementing
-                    # auto reloader for other operating systems.
-                    raise NotImplementedError
-
-                if (
-                    auto_reload
-                    and os.environ.get("SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING") != "true"
-                ):
-                    reloader_helpers.watchdog(2)
-                else:
-                    serve(**server_settings)
+                serve(**server_settings)
             else:
                 serve_multiple(server_settings, workers)
         except BaseException:
@@ -1203,19 +1135,22 @@ class Sanic:
 
     def stop(self):
         """This kills the Sanic"""
-        get_event_loop().stop()
+        if not self.is_stopping:
+            self.is_stopping = True
+            get_event_loop().stop()
 
     async def create_server(
         self,
         host: Optional[str] = None,
         port: Optional[int] = None,
+        *,
         debug: bool = False,
         ssl: Union[dict, SSLContext, None] = None,
         sock: Optional[socket] = None,
         protocol: Type[Protocol] = None,
         backlog: int = 100,
-        stop_event: Any = None,
         access_log: Optional[bool] = None,
+        unix: Optional[str] = None,
         return_asyncio_server=False,
         asyncio_server_kwargs=None,
     ) -> Optional[AsyncioServer]:
@@ -1246,9 +1181,6 @@ class Sanic:
         :param backlog: a number of unaccepted connections that the system
                         will allow before refusing new connections
         :type backlog: int
-        :param stop_event: event to be triggered
-                           before stopping the app - deprecated
-        :type stop_event: None
         :param access_log: Enables writing access logs (slows server)
         :type access_log: bool
         :param return_asyncio_server: flag that defines whether there's a need
@@ -1268,13 +1200,6 @@ class Sanic:
             protocol = (
                 WebSocketProtocol if self.websocket_enabled else HttpProtocol
             )
-        if stop_event is not None:
-            if debug:
-                warnings.simplefilter("default")
-            warnings.warn(
-                "stop_event will be removed from future versions.",
-                DeprecationWarning,
-            )
         # if access_log is passed explicitly change config.ACCESS_LOG
         if access_log is not None:
             self.config.ACCESS_LOG = access_log
@@ -1285,6 +1210,7 @@ class Sanic:
             debug=debug,
             ssl=ssl,
             sock=sock,
+            unix=unix,
             loop=get_event_loop(),
             protocol=protocol,
             backlog=backlog,
@@ -1350,11 +1276,11 @@ class Sanic:
         debug=False,
         ssl=None,
         sock=None,
+        unix=None,
         workers=1,
         loop=None,
         protocol=HttpProtocol,
         backlog=100,
-        stop_event=None,
         register_sys_signals=True,
         run_async=False,
         auto_reload=False,
@@ -1369,13 +1295,6 @@ class Sanic:
             context = create_default_context(purpose=Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH)
             context.load_cert_chain(cert, keyfile=key)
             ssl = context
-        if stop_event is not None:
-            if debug:
-                warnings.simplefilter("default")
-            warnings.warn(
-                "stop_event will be removed from future versions.",
-                DeprecationWarning,
-            )
         if self.config.PROXIES_COUNT and self.config.PROXIES_COUNT < 0:
             raise ValueError(
                 "PROXIES_COUNT cannot be negative. "
@@ -1388,33 +1307,16 @@ class Sanic:
 
         server_settings = {
             "protocol": protocol,
-            "request_class": self.request_class,
-            "is_request_stream": self.is_request_stream,
-            "router": self.router,
             "host": host,
             "port": port,
             "sock": sock,
+            "unix": unix,
             "ssl": ssl,
             "app": self,
             "signal": Signal(),
-            "debug": debug,
-            "request_handler": self.handle_request,
-            "error_handler": self.error_handler,
-            "request_timeout": self.config.REQUEST_TIMEOUT,
-            "response_timeout": self.config.RESPONSE_TIMEOUT,
-            "keep_alive_timeout": self.config.KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT,
-            "request_max_size": self.config.REQUEST_MAX_SIZE,
-            "request_buffer_queue_size": self.config.REQUEST_BUFFER_QUEUE_SIZE,
-            "keep_alive": self.config.KEEP_ALIVE,
             "loop": loop,
             "register_sys_signals": register_sys_signals,
             "backlog": backlog,
-            "access_log": self.config.ACCESS_LOG,
-            "websocket_max_size": self.config.WEBSOCKET_MAX_SIZE,
-            "websocket_max_queue": self.config.WEBSOCKET_MAX_QUEUE,
-            "websocket_read_limit": self.config.WEBSOCKET_READ_LIMIT,
-            "websocket_write_limit": self.config.WEBSOCKET_WRITE_LIMIT,
-            "graceful_shutdown_timeout": self.config.GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT,
         }
 
         # -------------------------------------------- #
@@ -1451,11 +1353,14 @@ class Sanic:
             server_settings["run_async"] = True
 
         # Serve
-        if host and port and os.environ.get("SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING") != "true":
+        if host and port:
             proto = "http"
             if ssl is not None:
                 proto = "https"
-            logger.info("Goin' Fast @ {}://{}:{}".format(proto, host, port))
+            if unix:
+                logger.info(f"Goin' Fast @ {unix} {proto}://...")
+            else:
+                logger.info(f"Goin' Fast @ {proto}://{host}:{port}")
 
         return server_settings
 
@@ -1463,6 +1368,55 @@ class Sanic:
         parts = [self.name, *parts]
         return ".".join(parts)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def _loop_add_task(cls, task, app, loop):
+        if callable(task):
+            try:
+                loop.create_task(task(app))
+            except TypeError:
+                loop.create_task(task())
+        else:
+            loop.create_task(task)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _cancel_websocket_tasks(cls, app, loop):
+        for task in app.websocket_tasks:
+            task.cancel()
+
+    async def _websocket_handler(
+        self, handler, request, *args, subprotocols=None, **kwargs
+    ):
+        request.app = self
+        if not getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", False):
+            request.endpoint = handler.__name__
+        else:
+            request.endpoint = (
+                getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", "") + handler.__name__
+            )
+
+            pass
+
+        if self.asgi:
+            ws = request.transport.get_websocket_connection()
+        else:
+            protocol = request.transport.get_protocol()
+            protocol.app = self
+
+            ws = await protocol.websocket_handshake(request, subprotocols)
+
+        # schedule the application handler
+        # its future is kept in self.websocket_tasks in case it
+        # needs to be cancelled due to the server being stopped
+        fut = ensure_future(handler(request, ws, *args, **kwargs))
+        self.websocket_tasks.add(fut)
+        try:
+            await fut
+        except (CancelledError, ConnectionClosed):
+            pass
+        finally:
+            self.websocket_tasks.remove(fut)
+        await ws.close()
+
     # -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
     # ASGI
     # -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
@@ -1476,3 +1430,40 @@ class Sanic:
         await asgi_app()
 
     _asgi_single_callable = True  # We conform to ASGI 3.0 single-callable
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+    # Configuration
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+    def update_config(self, config: Union[bytes, str, dict, Any]):
+        """Update app.config.
+
+        Please refer to config.py::Config.update_config for documentation."""
+
+        self.config.update_config(config)
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+    # Class methods
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+    @classmethod
+    def register_app(cls, app: "Sanic") -> None:
+        """Register a Sanic instance"""
+        if not isinstance(app, cls):
+            raise SanicException("Registered app must be an instance of Sanic")
+
+        name = app.name
+        if name in cls._app_registry and not cls.test_mode:
+            raise SanicException(f'Sanic app name "{name}" already in use.')
+
+        cls._app_registry[name] = app
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_app(cls, name: str, *, force_create: bool = False) -> "Sanic":
+        """Retrieve an instantiated Sanic instance"""
+        try:
+            return cls._app_registry[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            if force_create:
+                return cls(name)
+            raise SanicException(f'Sanic app name "{name}" not found.')

sanic/asgi.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ from sanic.exceptions import InvalidUsage, ServerError
 from sanic.log import logger
 from sanic.request import Request
 from sanic.response import HTTPResponse, StreamingHTTPResponse
-from sanic.server import StreamBuffer
+from sanic.server import ConnInfo, StreamBuffer
 from sanic.websocket import WebSocketConnection
 
 
@@ -98,7 +98,9 @@ class MockTransport:
     def create_websocket_connection(
         self, send: ASGISend, receive: ASGIReceive
     ) -> WebSocketConnection:
-        self._websocket_connection = WebSocketConnection(send, receive)
+        self._websocket_connection = WebSocketConnection(
+            send, receive, self.scope.get("subprotocols", [])
+        )
         return self._websocket_connection
 
     def add_task(self) -> None:
@@ -255,6 +257,7 @@ class ASGIApp:
                 instance.transport,
                 sanic_app,
             )
+            instance.request.conn_info = ConnInfo(instance.transport)
 
             if sanic_app.is_request_stream:
                 is_stream_handler = sanic_app.router.is_stream_handler(
@@ -311,7 +314,9 @@ class ASGIApp:
 
     _asgi_single_callable = True  # We conform to ASGI 3.0 single-callable
 
-    async def stream_callback(self, response: HTTPResponse) -> None:
+    async def stream_callback(
+        self, response: Union[HTTPResponse, StreamingHTTPResponse]
+    ) -> None:
         """
         Write the response.
         """

sanic/blueprints.py

@@ -143,7 +143,18 @@ class Blueprint:
             if _routes:
                 routes += _routes
 
-        route_names = [route.name for route in routes]
+        # Static Files
+        for future in self.statics:
+            # Prepend the blueprint URI prefix if available
+            uri = url_prefix + future.uri if url_prefix else future.uri
+            _routes = app.static(
+                uri, future.file_or_directory, *future.args, **future.kwargs
+            )
+            if _routes:
+                routes += _routes
+
+        route_names = [route.name for route in routes if route]
+
         # Middleware
         for future in self.middlewares:
             if future.args or future.kwargs:
@@ -151,7 +162,7 @@ class Blueprint:
                     future.middleware,
                     route_names,
                     *future.args,
-                    **future.kwargs
+                    **future.kwargs,
                 )
             else:
                 app.register_named_middleware(future.middleware, route_names)
@@ -160,14 +171,6 @@ class Blueprint:
         for future in self.exceptions:
             app.exception(*future.args, **future.kwargs)(future.handler)
 
-        # Static Files
-        for future in self.statics:
-            # Prepend the blueprint URI prefix if available
-            uri = url_prefix + future.uri if url_prefix else future.uri
-            app.static(
-                uri, future.file_or_directory, *future.args, **future.kwargs
-            )
-
         # Event listeners
         for event, listeners in self.listeners.items():
             for listener in listeners:
@@ -283,6 +286,13 @@ class Blueprint:
             strict_slashes = self.strict_slashes
 
         def decorator(handler):
+            nonlocal uri
+            nonlocal host
+            nonlocal strict_slashes
+            nonlocal version
+            nonlocal name
+
+            name = f"{self.name}.{name or handler.__name__}"
             route = FutureRoute(
                 handler, uri, [], host, strict_slashes, False, version, name
             )
@@ -376,7 +386,7 @@ class Blueprint:
         """
         name = kwargs.pop("name", "static")
         if not name.startswith(self.name + "."):
-            name = "{}.{}".format(self.name, name)
+            name = f"{self.name}.{name}"
         kwargs.update(name=name)
 
         strict_slashes = kwargs.get("strict_slashes")

sanic/compat.py

@@ -1,6 +1,52 @@
+import asyncio
+import signal
+
+from sys import argv
+
 from multidict import CIMultiDict  # type: ignore
 
 
 class Header(CIMultiDict):
     def get_all(self, key):
         return self.getall(key, default=[])
+
+
+use_trio = argv[0].endswith("hypercorn") and "trio" in argv
+
+if use_trio:
+    from trio import Path  # type: ignore
+    from trio import open_file as open_async  # type: ignore
+
+    def stat_async(path):
+        return Path(path).stat()
+
+else:
+    from aiofiles import open as aio_open  # type: ignore
+    from aiofiles.os import stat as stat_async  # type: ignore  # noqa: F401
+
+    async def open_async(file, mode="r", **kwargs):
+        return aio_open(file, mode, **kwargs)
+
+
+def ctrlc_workaround_for_windows(app):
+    async def stay_active(app):
+        """Asyncio wakeups to allow receiving SIGINT in Python"""
+        while not die:
+            # If someone else stopped the app, just exit
+            if app.is_stopping:
+                return
+            # Windows Python blocks signal handlers while the event loop is
+            # waiting for I/O. Frequent wakeups keep interrupts flowing.
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+        # Can't be called from signal handler, so call it from here
+        app.stop()
+
+    def ctrlc_handler(sig, frame):
+        nonlocal die
+        if die:
+            raise KeyboardInterrupt("Non-graceful Ctrl+C")
+        die = True
+
+    die = False
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, ctrlc_handler)
+    app.add_task(stay_active)

sanic/config.py

@@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
-import os
-import types
+from os import environ
+from typing import Any, Union
 
-from sanic.exceptions import PyFileError
-from sanic.helpers import import_string
+# NOTE(tomaszdrozdz): remove in version: 21.3
+# We replace from_envvar(), from_object(), from_pyfile() config object methods
+# with one simpler update_config() method.
+# We also replace "loading module from file code" in from_pyfile()
+# in a favour of load_module_from_file_location().
+# Please see pull request: 1903
+# and issue: 1895
+from .deprecated import from_envvar, from_object, from_pyfile  # noqa
+from .utils import load_module_from_file_location, str_to_bool
 
 
 SANIC_PREFIX = "SANIC_"
@@ -20,16 +27,20 @@ DEFAULT_CONFIG = {
     "RESPONSE_TIMEOUT": 60,  # 60 seconds
     "KEEP_ALIVE": True,
     "KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT": 5,  # 5 seconds
-    "WEBSOCKET_MAX_SIZE": 2 ** 20,  # 1 megabytes
+    "WEBSOCKET_MAX_SIZE": 2 ** 20,  # 1 megabyte
     "WEBSOCKET_MAX_QUEUE": 32,
     "WEBSOCKET_READ_LIMIT": 2 ** 16,
     "WEBSOCKET_WRITE_LIMIT": 2 ** 16,
+    "WEBSOCKET_PING_TIMEOUT": 20,
+    "WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL": 20,
     "GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT": 15.0,  # 15 sec
     "ACCESS_LOG": True,
     "FORWARDED_SECRET": None,
     "REAL_IP_HEADER": None,
     "PROXIES_COUNT": None,
     "FORWARDED_FOR_HEADER": "X-Forwarded-For",
+    "FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT": "html",
+    "REGISTER": True,
 }
 
 
@@ -51,81 +62,28 @@ class Config(dict):
         try:
             return self[attr]
         except KeyError as ke:
-            raise AttributeError("Config has no '{}'".format(ke.args[0]))
+            raise AttributeError(f"Config has no '{ke.args[0]}'")
 
     def __setattr__(self, attr, value):
         self[attr] = value
 
-    def from_envvar(self, variable_name):
-        """Load a configuration from an environment variable pointing to
-        a configuration file.
-
-        :param variable_name: name of the environment variable
-        :return: bool. ``True`` if able to load config, ``False`` otherwise.
-        """
-        config_file = os.environ.get(variable_name)
-        if not config_file:
-            raise RuntimeError(
-                "The environment variable %r is not set and "
-                "thus configuration could not be loaded." % variable_name
-            )
-        return self.from_pyfile(config_file)
-
-    def from_pyfile(self, filename):
-        """Update the values in the config from a Python file.
-        Only the uppercase variables in that module are stored in the config.
-
-        :param filename: an absolute path to the config file
-        """
-        module = types.ModuleType("config")
-        module.__file__ = filename
-        try:
-            with open(filename) as config_file:
-                exec(  # nosec
-                    compile(config_file.read(), filename, "exec"),
-                    module.__dict__,
-                )
-        except IOError as e:
-            e.strerror = "Unable to load configuration file (%s)" % e.strerror
-            raise
-        except Exception as e:
-            raise PyFileError(filename) from e
-
-        self.from_object(module)
-        return True
-
-    def from_object(self, obj):
-        """Update the values from the given object.
-        Objects are usually either modules or classes.
-
-        Just the uppercase variables in that object are stored in the config.
-        Example usage::
-
-            from yourapplication import default_config
-            app.config.from_object(default_config)
-
-            or also:
-            app.config.from_object('myproject.config.MyConfigClass')
-
-        You should not use this function to load the actual configuration but
-        rather configuration defaults. The actual config should be loaded
-        with :meth:`from_pyfile` and ideally from a location not within the
-        package because the package might be installed system wide.
-
-        :param obj: an object holding the configuration
-        """
-        if isinstance(obj, str):
-            obj = import_string(obj)
-        for key in dir(obj):
-            if key.isupper():
-                self[key] = getattr(obj, key)
+    # NOTE(tomaszdrozdz): remove in version: 21.3
+    # We replace from_envvar(), from_object(), from_pyfile() config object
+    # methods with one simpler update_config() method.
+    # We also replace "loading module from file code" in from_pyfile()
+    # in a favour of load_module_from_file_location().
+    # Please see pull request: 1903
+    # and issue: 1895
+    from_envvar = from_envvar
+    from_pyfile = from_pyfile
+    from_object = from_object
 
     def load_environment_vars(self, prefix=SANIC_PREFIX):
         """
         Looks for prefixed environment variables and applies
         them to the configuration if present.
         """
-        for k, v in os.environ.items():
+        for k, v in environ.items():
             if k.startswith(prefix):
                 _, config_key = k.split(prefix, 1)
                 try:
@@ -135,23 +93,47 @@ class Config(dict):
                         self[config_key] = float(v)
                     except ValueError:
                         try:
-                            self[config_key] = strtobool(v)
+                            self[config_key] = str_to_bool(v)
                         except ValueError:
                             self[config_key] = v
 
+    def update_config(self, config: Union[bytes, str, dict, Any]):
+        """Update app.config.
 
-def strtobool(val):
-    """
-    This function was borrowed from distutils.utils. While distutils
-    is part of stdlib, it feels odd to use distutils in main application code.
+        Note:: only upper case settings are considered.
 
-    The function was modified to walk its talk and actually return bool
-    and not int.
-    """
-    val = val.lower()
-    if val in ("y", "yes", "t", "true", "on", "1"):
-        return True
-    elif val in ("n", "no", "f", "false", "off", "0"):
-        return False
-    else:
-        raise ValueError("invalid truth value %r" % (val,))
+        You can upload app config by providing path to py file
+        holding settings.
+
+            # /some/py/file
+            A = 1
+            B = 2
+
+        config.update_config("${some}/py/file")
+
+        Yes you can put environment variable here, but they must be provided
+        in format: ${some_env_var}, and mark that $some_env_var is treated
+        as plain string.
+
+        You can upload app config by providing dict holding settings.
+
+            d = {"A": 1, "B": 2}
+            config.update_config(d)
+
+        You can upload app config by providing any object holding settings,
+        but in such case config.__dict__ will be used as dict holding settings.
+
+            class C:
+                A = 1
+                B = 2
+            config.update_config(C)"""
+
+        if isinstance(config, (bytes, str)):
+            config = load_module_from_file_location(location=config)
+
+        if not isinstance(config, dict):
+            config = config.__dict__
+
+        config = dict(filter(lambda i: i[0].isupper(), config.items()))
+
+        self.update(config)

sanic/deprecated.py

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+# NOTE(tomaszdrozdz): remove in version: 21.3
+# We replace from_envvar(), from_object(), from_pyfile() config object methods
+# with one simpler update_config() method.
+# We also replace "loading module from file code" in from_pyfile()
+# in a favour of load_module_from_file_location().
+# Please see pull request: 1903
+# and issue: 1895
+import types
+
+from os import environ
+from typing import Any
+from warnings import warn
+
+from sanic.exceptions import PyFileError
+from sanic.helpers import import_string
+
+
+def from_envvar(self, variable_name: str) -> bool:
+    """Load a configuration from an environment variable pointing to
+    a configuration file.
+
+    :param variable_name: name of the environment variable
+    :return: bool. ``True`` if able to load config, ``False`` otherwise.
+    """
+
+    warn(
+        "Using `from_envvar` method is deprecated and will be removed in "
+        "v21.3, use `app.update_config` method instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+
+    config_file = environ.get(variable_name)
+    if not config_file:
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            f"The environment variable {variable_name} is not set and "
+            f"thus configuration could not be loaded."
+        )
+    return self.from_pyfile(config_file)
+
+
+def from_pyfile(self, filename: str) -> bool:
+    """Update the values in the config from a Python file.
+    Only the uppercase variables in that module are stored in the config.
+
+    :param filename: an absolute path to the config file
+    """
+
+    warn(
+        "Using `from_pyfile` method is deprecated and will be removed in "
+        "v21.3, use `app.update_config` method instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+
+    module = types.ModuleType("config")
+    module.__file__ = filename
+    try:
+        with open(filename) as config_file:
+            exec(  # nosec
+                compile(config_file.read(), filename, "exec"),
+                module.__dict__,
+            )
+    except IOError as e:
+        e.strerror = "Unable to load configuration file (e.strerror)"
+        raise
+    except Exception as e:
+        raise PyFileError(filename) from e
+
+    self.from_object(module)
+    return True
+
+
+def from_object(self, obj: Any) -> None:
+    """Update the values from the given object.
+    Objects are usually either modules or classes.
+
+    Just the uppercase variables in that object are stored in the config.
+    Example usage::
+
+        from yourapplication import default_config
+        app.config.from_object(default_config)
+
+        or also:
+        app.config.from_object('myproject.config.MyConfigClass')
+
+    You should not use this function to load the actual configuration but
+    rather configuration defaults. The actual config should be loaded
+    with :meth:`from_pyfile` and ideally from a location not within the
+    package because the package might be installed system wide.
+
+    :param obj: an object holding the configuration
+    """
+
+    warn(
+        "Using `from_object` method is deprecated and will be removed in "
+        "v21.3, use `app.update_config` method instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+
+    if isinstance(obj, str):
+        obj = import_string(obj)
+    for key in dir(obj):
+        if key.isupper():
+            self[key] = getattr(obj, key)

sanic/errorpages.py

@@ -0,0 +1,330 @@
+import sys
+import typing as t
+
+from functools import partial
+from traceback import extract_tb
+
+from sanic.exceptions import InvalidUsage, SanicException
+from sanic.helpers import STATUS_CODES
+from sanic.request import Request
+from sanic.response import HTTPResponse, html, json, text
+
+
+try:
+    from ujson import dumps
+
+    dumps = partial(dumps, escape_forward_slashes=False)
+except ImportError:  # noqa
+    from json import dumps  # type: ignore
+
+
+FALLBACK_TEXT = (
+    "The server encountered an internal error and "
+    "cannot complete your request."
+)
+FALLBACK_STATUS = 500
+
+
+class BaseRenderer:
+    def __init__(self, request, exception, debug):
+        self.request = request
+        self.exception = exception
+        self.debug = debug
+
+    @property
+    def headers(self):
+        if isinstance(self.exception, SanicException):
+            return getattr(self.exception, "headers", {})
+        return {}
+
+    @property
+    def status(self):
+        if isinstance(self.exception, SanicException):
+            return getattr(self.exception, "status_code", FALLBACK_STATUS)
+        return FALLBACK_STATUS
+
+    @property
+    def text(self):
+        if self.debug or isinstance(self.exception, SanicException):
+            return str(self.exception)
+        return FALLBACK_TEXT
+
+    @property
+    def title(self):
+        status_text = STATUS_CODES.get(self.status, b"Error Occurred").decode()
+        return f"{self.status} — {status_text}"
+
+    def render(self):
+        output = (
+            self.full
+            if self.debug and not getattr(self.exception, "quiet", False)
+            else self.minimal
+        )
+        return output()
+
+    def minimal(self):  # noqa
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def full(self):  # noqa
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class HTMLRenderer(BaseRenderer):
+    TRACEBACK_STYLE = """
+        html { font-family: sans-serif }
+        h2 { color: #888; }
+        .tb-wrapper p { margin: 0 }
+        .frame-border { margin: 1rem }
+        .frame-line > * { padding: 0.3rem 0.6rem }
+        .frame-line { margin-bottom: 0.3rem }
+        .frame-code { font-size: 16px; padding-left: 4ch }
+        .tb-wrapper { border: 1px solid #eee }
+        .tb-header { background: #eee; padding: 0.3rem; font-weight: bold }
+        .frame-descriptor { background: #e2eafb; font-size: 14px }
+    """
+    TRACEBACK_WRAPPER_HTML = (
+        "<div class=tb-header>{exc_name}: {exc_value}</div>"
+        "<div class=tb-wrapper>{frame_html}</div>"
+    )
+    TRACEBACK_BORDER = (
+        "<div class=frame-border>"
+        "The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:"
+        "</div>"
+    )
+    TRACEBACK_LINE_HTML = (
+        "<div class=frame-line>"
+        "<p class=frame-descriptor>"
+        "File {0.filename}, line <i>{0.lineno}</i>, "
+        "in <code><b>{0.name}</b></code>"
+        "<p class=frame-code><code>{0.line}</code>"
+        "</div>"
+    )
+    OUTPUT_HTML = (
+        "<!DOCTYPE html><html lang=en>"
+        "<meta charset=UTF-8><title>{title}</title>\n"
+        "<style>{style}</style>\n"
+        "<h1>{title}</h1><p>{text}\n"
+        "{body}"
+    )
+
+    def full(self):
+        return html(
+            self.OUTPUT_HTML.format(
+                title=self.title,
+                text=self.text,
+                style=self.TRACEBACK_STYLE,
+                body=self._generate_body(),
+            ),
+            status=self.status,
+        )
+
+    def minimal(self):
+        return html(
+            self.OUTPUT_HTML.format(
+                title=self.title,
+                text=self.text,
+                style=self.TRACEBACK_STYLE,
+                body="",
+            ),
+            status=self.status,
+            headers=self.headers,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def text(self):
+        return escape(super().text)
+
+    @property
+    def title(self):
+        return escape(f"⚠️ {super().title}")
+
+    def _generate_body(self):
+        _, exc_value, __ = sys.exc_info()
+        exceptions = []
+        while exc_value:
+            exceptions.append(self._format_exc(exc_value))
+            exc_value = exc_value.__cause__
+
+        traceback_html = self.TRACEBACK_BORDER.join(reversed(exceptions))
+        appname = escape(self.request.app.name)
+        name = escape(self.exception.__class__.__name__)
+        value = escape(self.exception)
+        path = escape(self.request.path)
+        lines = [
+            f"<h2>Traceback of {appname} (most recent call last):</h2>",
+            f"{traceback_html}",
+            "<div class=summary><p>",
+            f"<b>{name}: {value}</b> while handling path <code>{path}</code>",
+            "</div>",
+        ]
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    def _format_exc(self, exc):
+        frames = extract_tb(exc.__traceback__)
+        frame_html = "".join(
+            self.TRACEBACK_LINE_HTML.format(frame) for frame in frames
+        )
+        return self.TRACEBACK_WRAPPER_HTML.format(
+            exc_name=escape(exc.__class__.__name__),
+            exc_value=escape(exc),
+            frame_html=frame_html,
+        )
+
+
+class TextRenderer(BaseRenderer):
+    OUTPUT_TEXT = "{title}\n{bar}\n{text}\n\n{body}"
+    SPACER = "  "
+
+    def full(self):
+        return text(
+            self.OUTPUT_TEXT.format(
+                title=self.title,
+                text=self.text,
+                bar=("=" * len(self.title)),
+                body=self._generate_body(),
+            ),
+            status=self.status,
+        )
+
+    def minimal(self):
+        return text(
+            self.OUTPUT_TEXT.format(
+                title=self.title,
+                text=self.text,
+                bar=("=" * len(self.title)),
+                body="",
+            ),
+            status=self.status,
+            headers=self.headers,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def title(self):
+        return f"⚠️ {super().title}"
+
+    def _generate_body(self):
+        _, exc_value, __ = sys.exc_info()
+        exceptions = []
+
+        # traceback_html = self.TRACEBACK_BORDER.join(reversed(exceptions))
+        lines = [
+            f"{self.exception.__class__.__name__}: {self.exception} while "
+            f"handling path {self.request.path}",
+            f"Traceback of {self.request.app.name} (most recent call last):\n",
+        ]
+
+        while exc_value:
+            exceptions.append(self._format_exc(exc_value))
+            exc_value = exc_value.__cause__
+
+        return "\n".join(lines + exceptions[::-1])
+
+    def _format_exc(self, exc):
+        frames = "\n\n".join(
+            [
+                f"{self.SPACER * 2}File {frame.filename}, "
+                f"line {frame.lineno}, in "
+                f"{frame.name}\n{self.SPACER * 2}{frame.line}"
+                for frame in extract_tb(exc.__traceback__)
+            ]
+        )
+        return f"{self.SPACER}{exc.__class__.__name__}: {exc}\n{frames}"
+
+
+class JSONRenderer(BaseRenderer):
+    def full(self):
+        output = self._generate_output(full=True)
+        return json(output, status=self.status, dumps=dumps)
+
+    def minimal(self):
+        output = self._generate_output(full=False)
+        return json(output, status=self.status, dumps=dumps)
+
+    def _generate_output(self, *, full):
+        output = {
+            "description": self.title,
+            "status": self.status,
+            "message": self.text,
+        }
+
+        if full:
+            _, exc_value, __ = sys.exc_info()
+            exceptions = []
+
+            while exc_value:
+                exceptions.append(
+                    {
+                        "type": exc_value.__class__.__name__,
+                        "exception": str(exc_value),
+                        "frames": [
+                            {
+                                "file": frame.filename,
+                                "line": frame.lineno,
+                                "name": frame.name,
+                                "src": frame.line,
+                            }
+                            for frame in extract_tb(exc_value.__traceback__)
+                        ],
+                    }
+                )
+                exc_value = exc_value.__cause__
+
+            output["path"] = self.request.path
+            output["args"] = self.request.args
+            output["exceptions"] = exceptions[::-1]
+
+        return output
+
+    @property
+    def title(self):
+        return STATUS_CODES.get(self.status, b"Error Occurred").decode()
+
+
+def escape(text):
+    """Minimal HTML escaping, not for attribute values (unlike html.escape)."""
+    return f"{text}".replace("&", "&amp;").replace("<", "&lt;")
+
+
+RENDERERS_BY_CONFIG = {
+    "html": HTMLRenderer,
+    "json": JSONRenderer,
+    "text": TextRenderer,
+}
+
+RENDERERS_BY_CONTENT_TYPE = {
+    "multipart/form-data": HTMLRenderer,
+    "application/json": JSONRenderer,
+    "text/plain": TextRenderer,
+}
+
+
+def exception_response(
+    request: Request,
+    exception: Exception,
+    debug: bool,
+    renderer: t.Type[t.Optional[BaseRenderer]] = None,
+) -> HTTPResponse:
+    """Render a response for the default FALLBACK exception handler"""
+
+    if not renderer:
+        renderer = HTMLRenderer
+
+        if request:
+            if request.app.config.FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT == "auto":
+                try:
+                    renderer = JSONRenderer if request.json else HTMLRenderer
+                except InvalidUsage:
+                    renderer = HTMLRenderer
+
+                content_type, *_ = request.headers.get(
+                    "content-type", ""
+                ).split(";")
+                renderer = RENDERERS_BY_CONTENT_TYPE.get(
+                    content_type, renderer
+                )
+            else:
+                render_format = request.app.config.FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT
+                renderer = RENDERERS_BY_CONFIG.get(render_format, renderer)
+
+    renderer = t.cast(t.Type[BaseRenderer], renderer)
+    return renderer(request, exception, debug).render()

sanic/exceptions.py

@@ -1,133 +1,18 @@
 from sanic.helpers import STATUS_CODES
 
 
-TRACEBACK_STYLE = """
-    <style>
-        body {
-            padding: 20px;
-            font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
-        }
-
-        p {
-            margin: 0;
-        }
-
-        .summary {
-            padding: 10px;
-        }
-
-        h1 {
-            margin-bottom: 0;
-        }
-
-        h3 {
-            margin-top: 10px;
-        }
-
-        h3 code {
-            font-size: 24px;
-        }
-
-        .frame-line > * {
-            padding: 5px 10px;
-        }
-
-        .frame-line {
-            margin-bottom: 5px;
-        }
-
-        .frame-code {
-            font-size: 16px;
-            padding-left: 30px;
-        }
-
-        .tb-wrapper {
-            border: 1px solid #f3f3f3;
-        }
-
-        .tb-header {
-            background-color: #f3f3f3;
-            padding: 5px 10px;
-        }
-
-        .tb-border {
-            padding-top: 20px;
-        }
-
-        .frame-descriptor {
-            background-color: #e2eafb;
-        }
-
-        .frame-descriptor {
-            font-size: 14px;
-        }
-    </style>
-"""
-
-TRACEBACK_WRAPPER_HTML = """
-    <html>
-        <head>
-            {style}
-        </head>
-        <body>
-            {inner_html}
-            <div class="summary">
-                <p>
-                <b>{exc_name}: {exc_value}</b>
-                    while handling path <code>{path}</code>
-                </p>
-            </div>
-        </body>
-    </html>
-"""
-
-TRACEBACK_WRAPPER_INNER_HTML = """
-    <h1>{exc_name}</h1>
-    <h3><code>{exc_value}</code></h3>
-    <div class="tb-wrapper">
-        <p class="tb-header">Traceback (most recent call last):</p>
-        {frame_html}
-    </div>
-"""
-
-TRACEBACK_BORDER = """
-    <div class="tb-border">
-        <b><i>
-            The above exception was the direct cause of the
-            following exception:
-        </i></b>
-    </div>
-"""
-
-TRACEBACK_LINE_HTML = """
-    <div class="frame-line">
-        <p class="frame-descriptor">
-            File {0.filename}, line <i>{0.lineno}</i>,
-            in <code><b>{0.name}</b></code>
-        </p>
-        <p class="frame-code"><code>{0.line}</code></p>
-    </div>
-"""
-
-INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_HTML = """
-    <h1>Internal Server Error</h1>
-    <p>
-        The server encountered an internal error and cannot complete
-        your request.
-    </p>
-"""
-
-
 _sanic_exceptions = {}
 
 
-def add_status_code(code):
+def add_status_code(code, quiet=None):
     """
     Decorator used for adding exceptions to :class:`SanicException`.
     """
 
     def class_decorator(cls):
         cls.status_code = code
+        if quiet or quiet is None and code != 500:
+            cls.quiet = True
         _sanic_exceptions[code] = cls
         return cls
 
@@ -135,12 +20,16 @@ def add_status_code(code):
 
 
 class SanicException(Exception):
-    def __init__(self, message, status_code=None):
+    def __init__(self, message, status_code=None, quiet=None):
         super().__init__(message)
 
         if status_code is not None:
             self.status_code = status_code
 
+        # quiet=None/False/True with None meaning choose by status
+        if quiet or quiet is None and status_code not in (None, 500):
+            self.quiet = True
+
 
 @add_status_code(404)
 class NotFound(SanicException):
@@ -156,10 +45,7 @@ class InvalidUsage(SanicException):
 class MethodNotSupported(SanicException):
     def __init__(self, message, method, allowed_methods):
         super().__init__(message)
-        self.headers = dict()
-        self.headers["Allow"] = ", ".join(allowed_methods)
-        if method in ["HEAD", "PATCH", "PUT", "DELETE"]:
-            self.headers["Content-Length"] = 0
+        self.headers = {"Allow": ", ".join(allowed_methods)}
 
 
 @add_status_code(500)
@@ -212,10 +98,7 @@ class HeaderNotFound(InvalidUsage):
 class ContentRangeError(SanicException):
     def __init__(self, message, content_range):
         super().__init__(message)
-        self.headers = {
-            "Content-Type": "text/plain",
-            "Content-Range": "bytes */%s" % (content_range.total,),
-        }
+        self.headers = {"Content-Range": f"bytes */{content_range.total}"}
 
 
 @add_status_code(417)
@@ -282,18 +165,22 @@ class Unauthorized(SanicException):
             challenge = ", ".join(values)
 
             self.headers = {
-                "WWW-Authenticate": "{} {}".format(scheme, challenge).rstrip()
+                "WWW-Authenticate": f"{scheme} {challenge}".rstrip()
             }
 
 
+class LoadFileException(SanicException):
+    pass
+
+
 def abort(status_code, message=None):
     """
     Raise an exception based on SanicException. Returns the HTTP response
     message appropriate for the given status code, unless provided.
 
     :param status_code: The HTTP status code to return.
-    :param message: The HTTP response body. Defaults to the messages
-                    in response.py for the given status code.
+    :param message: The HTTP response body. Defaults to the messages in
+    STATUS_CODES from sanic.helpers for the given status code.
     """
     if message is None:
         message = STATUS_CODES.get(status_code)

sanic/handlers.py

@@ -1,21 +1,13 @@
-import sys
-
-from traceback import extract_tb, format_exc
+from traceback import format_exc
 
+from sanic.errorpages import exception_response
 from sanic.exceptions import (
-    INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_HTML,
-    TRACEBACK_BORDER,
-    TRACEBACK_LINE_HTML,
-    TRACEBACK_STYLE,
-    TRACEBACK_WRAPPER_HTML,
-    TRACEBACK_WRAPPER_INNER_HTML,
     ContentRangeError,
     HeaderNotFound,
     InvalidRangeType,
-    SanicException,
 )
 from sanic.log import logger
-from sanic.response import html, text
+from sanic.response import text
 
 
 class ErrorHandler:
@@ -40,35 +32,6 @@ class ErrorHandler:
         self.cached_handlers = {}
         self.debug = False
 
-    def _render_exception(self, exception):
-        frames = extract_tb(exception.__traceback__)
-
-        frame_html = []
-        for frame in frames:
-            frame_html.append(TRACEBACK_LINE_HTML.format(frame))
-
-        return TRACEBACK_WRAPPER_INNER_HTML.format(
-            exc_name=exception.__class__.__name__,
-            exc_value=exception,
-            frame_html="".join(frame_html),
-        )
-
-    def _render_traceback_html(self, exception, request):
-        exc_type, exc_value, tb = sys.exc_info()
-        exceptions = []
-
-        while exc_value:
-            exceptions.append(self._render_exception(exc_value))
-            exc_value = exc_value.__cause__
-
-        return TRACEBACK_WRAPPER_HTML.format(
-            style=TRACEBACK_STYLE,
-            exc_name=exception.__class__.__name__,
-            exc_value=exception,
-            inner_html=TRACEBACK_BORDER.join(reversed(exceptions)),
-            path=request.path,
-        )
-
     def add(self, exception, handler):
         """
         Add a new exception handler to an already existing handler object.
@@ -166,27 +129,17 @@ class ErrorHandler:
             :class:`Exception`
         :return:
         """
-        self.log(format_exc())
-        try:
-            url = repr(request.url)
-        except AttributeError:
-            url = "unknown"
+        quiet = getattr(exception, "quiet", False)
+        if quiet is False:
+            try:
+                url = repr(request.url)
+            except AttributeError:
+                url = "unknown"
 
-        response_message = "Exception occurred while handling uri: %s"
-        logger.exception(response_message, url)
+            self.log(format_exc())
+            logger.exception("Exception occurred while handling uri: %s", url)
 
-        if issubclass(type(exception), SanicException):
-            return text(
-                "Error: {}".format(exception),
-                status=getattr(exception, "status_code", 500),
-                headers=getattr(exception, "headers", dict()),
-            )
-        elif self.debug:
-            html_output = self._render_traceback_html(exception, request)
-
-            return html(html_output, status=500)
-        else:
-            return html(INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_HTML, status=500)
+        return exception_response(request, exception, self.debug)
 
 
 class ContentRangeHandler:

sanic/headers.py

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ import re
 from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
 from urllib.parse import unquote
 
+from sanic.helpers import STATUS_CODES
+
 
 HeaderIterable = Iterable[Tuple[str, Any]]  # Values convertible to str
 Options = Dict[str, Union[int, str]]  # key=value fields in various headers
@@ -180,3 +182,19 @@ def format_http1(headers: HeaderIterable) -> bytes:
     - Values are converted into strings if necessary.
     """
     return "".join(f"{name}: {val}\r\n" for name, val in headers).encode()
+
+
+def format_http1_response(
+    status: int, headers: HeaderIterable, body=b""
+) -> bytes:
+    """Format a full HTTP/1.1 response.
+
+    - If `body` is included, content-length must be specified in headers.
+    """
+    headerbytes = format_http1(headers)
+    return b"HTTP/1.1 %d %b\r\n%b\r\n%b" % (
+        status,
+        STATUS_CODES.get(status, b"UNKNOWN"),
+        headerbytes,
+        body,
+    )

sanic/reloader_helpers.py

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ import signal
 import subprocess
 import sys
 
-from multiprocessing import Process
 from time import sleep
 
 
@@ -35,101 +34,26 @@ def _iter_module_files():
 
 def _get_args_for_reloading():
     """Returns the executable."""
-    rv = [sys.executable]
     main_module = sys.modules["__main__"]
     mod_spec = getattr(main_module, "__spec__", None)
+    if sys.argv[0] in ("", "-c"):
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            f"Autoreloader cannot work with argv[0]={sys.argv[0]!r}"
+        )
     if mod_spec:
         # Parent exe was launched as a module rather than a script
-        rv.extend(["-m", mod_spec.name])
-        if len(sys.argv) > 1:
-            rv.extend(sys.argv[1:])
-    else:
-        rv.extend(sys.argv)
-    return rv
+        return [sys.executable, "-m", mod_spec.name] + sys.argv[1:]
+    return [sys.executable] + sys.argv
 
 
 def restart_with_reloader():
     """Create a new process and a subprocess in it with the same arguments as
     this one.
     """
-    cwd = os.getcwd()
-    args = _get_args_for_reloading()
-    new_environ = os.environ.copy()
-    new_environ["SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING"] = "true"
-    cmd = " ".join(args)
-    worker_process = Process(
-        target=subprocess.call,
-        args=(cmd,),
-        kwargs={"cwd": cwd, "shell": True, "env": new_environ},
+    return subprocess.Popen(
+        _get_args_for_reloading(),
+        env={**os.environ, "SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING": "true"},
     )
-    worker_process.start()
-    return worker_process
-
-
-def kill_process_children_unix(pid):
-    """Find and kill child processes of a process (maximum two level).
-
-    :param pid: PID of parent process (process ID)
-    :return: Nothing
-    """
-    root_process_path = "/proc/{pid}/task/{pid}/children".format(pid=pid)
-    if not os.path.isfile(root_process_path):
-        return
-    with open(root_process_path) as children_list_file:
-        children_list_pid = children_list_file.read().split()
-
-    for child_pid in children_list_pid:
-        children_proc_path = "/proc/%s/task/%s/children" % (
-            child_pid,
-            child_pid,
-        )
-        if not os.path.isfile(children_proc_path):
-            continue
-        with open(children_proc_path) as children_list_file_2:
-            children_list_pid_2 = children_list_file_2.read().split()
-        for _pid in children_list_pid_2:
-            try:
-                os.kill(int(_pid), signal.SIGTERM)
-            except ProcessLookupError:
-                continue
-        try:
-            os.kill(int(child_pid), signal.SIGTERM)
-        except ProcessLookupError:
-            continue
-
-
-def kill_process_children_osx(pid):
-    """Find and kill child processes of a process.
-
-    :param pid: PID of parent process (process ID)
-    :return: Nothing
-    """
-    subprocess.run(["pkill", "-P", str(pid)])
-
-
-def kill_process_children(pid):
-    """Find and kill child processes of a process.
-
-    :param pid: PID of parent process (process ID)
-    :return: Nothing
-    """
-    if sys.platform == "darwin":
-        kill_process_children_osx(pid)
-    elif sys.platform == "linux":
-        kill_process_children_unix(pid)
-    else:
-        pass  # should signal error here
-
-
-def kill_program_completly(proc):
-    """Kill worker and it's child processes and exit.
-
-    :param proc: worker process (process ID)
-    :return: Nothing
-    """
-    kill_process_children(proc.pid)
-    proc.terminate()
-    os._exit(0)
 
 
 def watchdog(sleep_interval):
@@ -138,30 +62,42 @@ def watchdog(sleep_interval):
     :param sleep_interval: interval in second.
     :return: Nothing
     """
+
+    def interrupt_self(*args):
+        raise KeyboardInterrupt
+
     mtimes = {}
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, interrupt_self)
+    if os.name == "nt":
+        signal.signal(signal.SIGBREAK, interrupt_self)
+
     worker_process = restart_with_reloader()
-    signal.signal(
-        signal.SIGTERM, lambda *args: kill_program_completly(worker_process)
-    )
-    signal.signal(
-        signal.SIGINT, lambda *args: kill_program_completly(worker_process)
-    )
-    while True:
-        for filename in _iter_module_files():
-            try:
-                mtime = os.stat(filename).st_mtime
-            except OSError:
-                continue
 
-            old_time = mtimes.get(filename)
-            if old_time is None:
-                mtimes[filename] = mtime
-                continue
-            elif mtime > old_time:
-                kill_process_children(worker_process.pid)
+    try:
+        while True:
+            need_reload = False
+
+            for filename in _iter_module_files():
+                try:
+                    mtime = os.stat(filename).st_mtime
+                except OSError:
+                    continue
+
+                old_time = mtimes.get(filename)
+                if old_time is None:
+                    mtimes[filename] = mtime
+                elif mtime > old_time:
+                    mtimes[filename] = mtime
+                    need_reload = True
+
+            if need_reload:
                 worker_process.terminate()
+                worker_process.wait()
                 worker_process = restart_with_reloader()
-                mtimes[filename] = mtime
-                break
 
-        sleep(sleep_interval)
+            sleep(sleep_interval)
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        pass
+    finally:
+        worker_process.terminate()
+        worker_process.wait()

sanic/request.py

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import asyncio
 import email.utils
-import warnings
 
 from collections import defaultdict, namedtuple
 from http.cookies import SimpleCookie
@@ -51,11 +50,19 @@ class StreamBuffer:
         self._queue = asyncio.Queue(buffer_size)
 
     async def read(self):
-        """ Stop reading when gets None """
+        """Stop reading when gets None"""
         payload = await self._queue.get()
         self._queue.task_done()
         return payload
 
+    async def __aiter__(self):
+        """Support `async for data in request.stream`"""
+        while True:
+            data = await self.read()
+            if not data:
+                break
+            yield data
+
     async def put(self, payload):
         await self._queue.put(payload)
 
@@ -80,6 +87,7 @@ class Request:
         "_socket",
         "app",
         "body",
+        "conn_info",
         "ctx",
         "endpoint",
         "headers",
@@ -110,6 +118,7 @@ class Request:
 
         # Init but do not inhale
         self.body_init()
+        self.conn_info = None
         self.ctx = SimpleNamespace()
         self.parsed_forwarded = None
         self.parsed_json = None
@@ -123,44 +132,40 @@ class Request:
         self.endpoint = None
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "<{0}: {1} {2}>".format(
-            self.__class__.__name__, self.method, self.path
-        )
-
-    def get(self, key, default=None):
-        """.. deprecated:: 19.9
-        Custom context is now stored in `request.custom_context.yourkey`"""
-        return self.ctx.__dict__.get(key, default)
-
-    def __contains__(self, key):
-        """.. deprecated:: 19.9
-        Custom context is now stored in `request.custom_context.yourkey`"""
-        return key in self.ctx.__dict__
-
-    def __getitem__(self, key):
-        """.. deprecated:: 19.9
-        Custom context is now stored in `request.custom_context.yourkey`"""
-        return self.ctx.__dict__[key]
-
-    def __delitem__(self, key):
-        """.. deprecated:: 19.9
-        Custom context is now stored in `request.custom_context.yourkey`"""
-        del self.ctx.__dict__[key]
-
-    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
-        """.. deprecated:: 19.9
-        Custom context is now stored in `request.custom_context.yourkey`"""
-        setattr(self.ctx, key, value)
+        class_name = self.__class__.__name__
+        return f"<{class_name}: {self.method} {self.path}>"
 
     def body_init(self):
+        """.. deprecated:: 20.3
+        To be removed in 21.3"""
         self.body = []
 
     def body_push(self, data):
+        """.. deprecated:: 20.3
+        To be removed in 21.3"""
         self.body.append(data)
 
     def body_finish(self):
+        """.. deprecated:: 20.3
+        To be removed in 21.3"""
         self.body = b"".join(self.body)
 
+    async def receive_body(self):
+        """Receive request.body, if not already received.
+
+        Streaming handlers may call this to receive the full body.
+
+        This is added as a compatibility shim in Sanic 20.3 because future
+        versions of Sanic will make all requests streaming and will use this
+        function instead of the non-async body_init/push/finish functions.
+
+        Please make an issue if your code depends on the old functionality and
+        cannot be upgraded to the new API.
+        """
+        if not self.stream:
+            return
+        self.body = b"".join([data async for data in self.stream])
+
     @property
     def json(self):
         if self.parsed_json is None:
@@ -260,9 +265,12 @@ class Request:
         :type errors: str
         :return: RequestParameters
         """
-        if not self.parsed_args[
-            (keep_blank_values, strict_parsing, encoding, errors)
-        ]:
+        if (
+            keep_blank_values,
+            strict_parsing,
+            encoding,
+            errors,
+        ) not in self.parsed_args:
             if self.query_string:
                 self.parsed_args[
                     (keep_blank_values, strict_parsing, encoding, errors)
@@ -282,18 +290,6 @@ class Request:
 
     args = property(get_args)
 
-    @property
-    def raw_args(self) -> dict:
-        if self.app.debug:  # pragma: no cover
-            warnings.simplefilter("default")
-        warnings.warn(
-            "Use of raw_args will be deprecated in "
-            "the future versions. Please use args or query_args "
-            "properties instead",
-            DeprecationWarning,
-        )
-        return {k: v[0] for k, v in self.args.items()}
-
     def get_query_args(
         self,
         keep_blank_values: bool = False,
@@ -328,9 +324,12 @@ class Request:
         :type errors: str
         :return: list
         """
-        if not self.parsed_not_grouped_args[
-            (keep_blank_values, strict_parsing, encoding, errors)
-        ]:
+        if (
+            keep_blank_values,
+            strict_parsing,
+            encoding,
+            errors,
+        ) not in self.parsed_not_grouped_args:
             if self.query_string:
                 self.parsed_not_grouped_args[
                     (keep_blank_values, strict_parsing, encoding, errors)
@@ -361,56 +360,55 @@ class Request:
                 self._cookies = {}
         return self._cookies
 
+    @property
+    def content_type(self):
+        return self.headers.get("Content-Type", DEFAULT_HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE)
+
+    @property
+    def match_info(self):
+        """return matched info after resolving route"""
+        return self.app.router.get(self)[2]
+
+    # Transport properties (obtained from local interface only)
+
     @property
     def ip(self):
         """
         :return: peer ip of the socket
         """
-        if not hasattr(self, "_socket"):
-            self._get_address()
-        return self._ip
+        return self.conn_info.client if self.conn_info else ""
 
     @property
     def port(self):
         """
         :return: peer port of the socket
         """
-        if not hasattr(self, "_socket"):
-            self._get_address()
-        return self._port
+        return self.conn_info.client_port if self.conn_info else 0
 
     @property
     def socket(self):
-        if not hasattr(self, "_socket"):
-            self._get_address()
-        return self._socket
-
-    def _get_address(self):
-        self._socket = self.transport.get_extra_info("peername") or (
-            None,
-            None,
-        )
-        self._ip = self._socket[0]
-        self._port = self._socket[1]
+        return self.conn_info.peername if self.conn_info else (None, None)
 
     @property
-    def server_name(self):
-        """
-        Attempt to get the server's external hostname in this order:
-        `config.SERVER_NAME`, proxied or direct Host headers
-        :func:`Request.host`
+    def path(self) -> str:
+        """Path of the local HTTP request."""
+        return self._parsed_url.path.decode("utf-8")
 
-        :return: the server name without port number
-        :rtype: str
-        """
-        server_name = self.app.config.get("SERVER_NAME")
-        if server_name:
-            host = server_name.split("//", 1)[-1].split("/", 1)[0]
-            return parse_host(host)[0]
-        return parse_host(self.host)[0]
+    # Proxy properties (using SERVER_NAME/forwarded/request/transport info)
 
     @property
     def forwarded(self):
+        """
+        Active proxy information obtained from request headers, as specified in
+        Sanic configuration.
+
+        Field names by, for, proto, host, port and path are normalized.
+        - for and by IPv6 addresses are bracketed
+        - port (int) is only set by port headers, not from host.
+        - path is url-unencoded
+
+        Additional values may be available from new style Forwarded headers.
+        """
         if self.parsed_forwarded is None:
             self.parsed_forwarded = (
                 parse_forwarded(self.headers, self.app.config)
@@ -420,50 +418,30 @@ class Request:
         return self.parsed_forwarded
 
     @property
-    def server_port(self):
+    def remote_addr(self) -> str:
         """
-        Attempt to get the server's external port number in this order:
-        `config.SERVER_NAME`, proxied or direct Host headers
-        :func:`Request.host`,
-        actual port used by the transport layer socket.
-        :return: server port
-        :rtype: int
-        """
-        if self.forwarded:
-            return self.forwarded.get("port") or (
-                80 if self.scheme in ("http", "ws") else 443
-            )
-        return (
-            parse_host(self.host)[1]
-            or self.transport.get_extra_info("sockname")[1]
-        )
-
-    @property
-    def remote_addr(self):
-        """Attempt to return the original client ip based on `forwarded`,
-        `x-forwarded-for` or `x-real-ip`. If HTTP headers are unavailable or
-        untrusted, returns an empty string.
-
-        :return: original client ip.
+        Client IP address, if available.
+        1. proxied remote address `self.forwarded['for']`
+        2. local remote address `self.ip`
+        :return: IPv4, bracketed IPv6, UNIX socket name or arbitrary string
         """
         if not hasattr(self, "_remote_addr"):
-            self._remote_addr = self.forwarded.get("for", "")
+            self._remote_addr = self.forwarded.get("for", "")  # or self.ip
         return self._remote_addr
 
     @property
-    def scheme(self):
+    def scheme(self) -> str:
         """
-        Attempt to get the request scheme.
-        Seeking the value in this order:
-        `forwarded` header, `x-forwarded-proto` header,
-        `x-scheme` header, the sanic app itself.
-
+        Determine request scheme.
+        1. `config.SERVER_NAME` if in full URL format
+        2. proxied proto/scheme
+        3. local connection protocol
         :return: http|https|ws|wss or arbitrary value given by the headers.
-        :rtype: str
         """
-        forwarded_proto = self.forwarded.get("proto")
-        if forwarded_proto:
-            return forwarded_proto
+        if "//" in self.app.config.get("SERVER_NAME", ""):
+            return self.app.config.SERVER_NAME.split("//")[0]
+        if "proto" in self.forwarded:
+            return self.forwarded["proto"]
 
         if (
             self.app.websocket_enabled
@@ -479,25 +457,41 @@ class Request:
         return scheme
 
     @property
-    def host(self):
+    def host(self) -> str:
         """
-        :return: proxied or direct Host header. Hostname and port number may be
-          separated by sanic.headers.parse_host(request.host).
+        The currently effective server 'host' (hostname or hostname:port).
+        1. `config.SERVER_NAME` overrides any client headers
+        2. proxied host of original request
+        3. request host header
+        hostname and port may be separated by
+        `sanic.headers.parse_host(request.host)`.
+        :return: the first matching host found, or empty string
         """
-        return self.forwarded.get("host", self.headers.get("Host", ""))
+        server_name = self.app.config.get("SERVER_NAME")
+        if server_name:
+            return server_name.split("//", 1)[-1].split("/", 1)[0]
+        return self.forwarded.get("host") or self.headers.get("host", "")
 
     @property
-    def content_type(self):
-        return self.headers.get("Content-Type", DEFAULT_HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE)
+    def server_name(self) -> str:
+        """The hostname the client connected to, by `request.host`."""
+        return parse_host(self.host)[0] or ""
 
     @property
-    def match_info(self):
-        """return matched info after resolving route"""
-        return self.app.router.get(self)[2]
+    def server_port(self) -> int:
+        """
+        The port the client connected to, by forwarded `port` or
+        `request.host`.
+
+        Default port is returned as 80 and 443 based on `request.scheme`.
+        """
+        port = self.forwarded.get("port") or parse_host(self.host)[1]
+        return port or (80 if self.scheme in ("http", "ws") else 443)
 
     @property
-    def path(self):
-        return self._parsed_url.path.decode("utf-8")
+    def server_path(self) -> str:
+        """Full path of current URL. Uses proxied or local path."""
+        return self.forwarded.get("path") or self.path
 
     @property
     def query_string(self):
@@ -538,7 +532,7 @@ class Request:
         ):
             netloc = host
         else:
-            netloc = "{}:{}".format(host, port)
+            netloc = f"{host}:{port}"
 
         return self.app.url_for(
             view_name, _external=True, _scheme=scheme, _server=netloc, **kwargs

sanic/response.py

@@ -3,21 +3,19 @@ from mimetypes import guess_type
 from os import path
 from urllib.parse import quote_plus
 
-from aiofiles import open as open_async  # type: ignore
-
-from sanic.compat import Header
+from sanic.compat import Header, open_async
 from sanic.cookies import CookieJar
-from sanic.headers import format_http1
-from sanic.helpers import STATUS_CODES, has_message_body, remove_entity_headers
+from sanic.headers import format_http1, format_http1_response
+from sanic.helpers import has_message_body, remove_entity_headers
 
 
 try:
     from ujson import dumps as json_dumps
 except ImportError:
-    from json import dumps
-
     # This is done in order to ensure that the JSON response is
     # kept consistent across both ujson and inbuilt json usage.
+    from json import dumps
+
     json_dumps = partial(dumps, separators=(",", ":"))
 
 
@@ -26,12 +24,9 @@ class BaseHTTPResponse:
         self.asgi = False
 
     def _encode_body(self, data):
-        try:
-            # Try to encode it regularly
-            return data.encode()
-        except AttributeError:
-            # Convert it to a str if you can't
-            return str(data).encode()
+        if data is None:
+            return b""
+        return data.encode() if hasattr(data, "encode") else data
 
     def _parse_headers(self):
         return format_http1(self.headers.items())
@@ -42,6 +37,32 @@ class BaseHTTPResponse:
             self._cookies = CookieJar(self.headers)
         return self._cookies
 
+    def get_headers(
+        self,
+        version="1.1",
+        keep_alive=False,
+        keep_alive_timeout=None,
+        body=b"",
+    ):
+        """.. deprecated:: 20.3:
+        This function is not public API and will be removed in 21.3."""
+
+        # self.headers get priority over content_type
+        if self.content_type and "Content-Type" not in self.headers:
+            self.headers["Content-Type"] = self.content_type
+
+        if keep_alive:
+            self.headers["Connection"] = "keep-alive"
+            if keep_alive_timeout is not None:
+                self.headers["Keep-Alive"] = keep_alive_timeout
+        else:
+            self.headers["Connection"] = "close"
+
+        if self.status in (304, 412):
+            self.headers = remove_entity_headers(self.headers)
+
+        return format_http1_response(self.status, self.headers.items(), body)
+
 
 class StreamingHTTPResponse(BaseHTTPResponse):
     __slots__ = (
@@ -59,7 +80,7 @@ class StreamingHTTPResponse(BaseHTTPResponse):
         streaming_fn,
         status=200,
         headers=None,
-        content_type="text/plain",
+        content_type="text/plain; charset=utf-8",
         chunked=True,
     ):
         super().__init__()
@@ -75,10 +96,9 @@ class StreamingHTTPResponse(BaseHTTPResponse):
     async def write(self, data):
         """Writes a chunk of data to the streaming response.
 
-        :param data: bytes-ish data to be written.
+        :param data: str or bytes-ish data to be written.
         """
-        if type(data) != bytes:
-            data = self._encode_body(data)
+        data = self._encode_body(data)
 
         # `chunked` will always be False in ASGI-mode, even if the underlying
         # ASGI Transport implements Chunked transport. That does it itself.
@@ -96,12 +116,12 @@ class StreamingHTTPResponse(BaseHTTPResponse):
         """
         if version != "1.1":
             self.chunked = False
-        headers = self.get_headers(
-            version,
-            keep_alive=keep_alive,
-            keep_alive_timeout=keep_alive_timeout,
-        )
         if not getattr(self, "asgi", False):
+            headers = self.get_headers(
+                version,
+                keep_alive=keep_alive,
+                keep_alive_timeout=keep_alive_timeout,
+            )
             await self.protocol.push_data(headers)
             await self.protocol.drain()
         await self.streaming_fn(self)
@@ -113,33 +133,11 @@ class StreamingHTTPResponse(BaseHTTPResponse):
     def get_headers(
         self, version="1.1", keep_alive=False, keep_alive_timeout=None
     ):
-        # This is all returned in a kind-of funky way
-        # We tried to make this as fast as possible in pure python
-        timeout_header = b""
-        if keep_alive and keep_alive_timeout is not None:
-            timeout_header = b"Keep-Alive: %d\r\n" % keep_alive_timeout
-
         if self.chunked and version == "1.1":
             self.headers["Transfer-Encoding"] = "chunked"
             self.headers.pop("Content-Length", None)
-        self.headers["Content-Type"] = self.headers.get(
-            "Content-Type", self.content_type
-        )
 
-        headers = self._parse_headers()
-
-        if self.status == 200:
-            status = b"OK"
-        else:
-            status = STATUS_CODES.get(self.status)
-
-        return (b"HTTP/%b %d %b\r\n" b"%b" b"%b\r\n") % (
-            version.encode(),
-            self.status,
-            status,
-            timeout_header,
-            headers,
-        )
+        return super().get_headers(version, keep_alive, keep_alive_timeout)
 
 
 class HTTPResponse(BaseHTTPResponse):
@@ -151,28 +149,16 @@ class HTTPResponse(BaseHTTPResponse):
         status=200,
         headers=None,
         content_type=None,
-        body_bytes=b"",
     ):
         super().__init__()
 
         self.content_type = content_type
-
-        if body is not None:
-            self.body = self._encode_body(body)
-        else:
-            self.body = body_bytes
-
+        self.body = self._encode_body(body)
         self.status = status
         self.headers = Header(headers or {})
         self._cookies = None
 
     def output(self, version="1.1", keep_alive=False, keep_alive_timeout=None):
-        # This is all returned in a kind-of funky way
-        # We tried to make this as fast as possible in pure python
-        timeout_header = b""
-        if keep_alive and keep_alive_timeout is not None:
-            timeout_header = b"Keep-Alive: %d\r\n" % keep_alive_timeout
-
         body = b""
         if has_message_body(self.status):
             body = self.body
@@ -180,31 +166,7 @@ class HTTPResponse(BaseHTTPResponse):
                 "Content-Length", len(self.body)
             )
 
-        # self.headers get priority over content_type
-        if self.content_type and "Content-Type" not in self.headers:
-            self.headers["Content-Type"] = self.content_type
-
-        if self.status in (304, 412):
-            self.headers = remove_entity_headers(self.headers)
-
-        headers = self._parse_headers()
-
-        if self.status == 200:
-            status = b"OK"
-        else:
-            status = STATUS_CODES.get(self.status, b"UNKNOWN RESPONSE")
-
-        return (
-            b"HTTP/%b %d %b\r\n" b"Connection: %b\r\n" b"%b" b"%b\r\n" b"%b"
-        ) % (
-            version.encode(),
-            self.status,
-            status,
-            b"keep-alive" if keep_alive else b"close",
-            timeout_header,
-            headers,
-            body,
-        )
+        return self.get_headers(version, keep_alive, keep_alive_timeout, body)
 
     @property
     def cookies(self):
@@ -220,7 +182,7 @@ def empty(status=204, headers=None):
     :param status Response code.
     :param headers Custom Headers.
     """
-    return HTTPResponse(body_bytes=b"", status=status, headers=headers)
+    return HTTPResponse(body=b"", status=status, headers=headers)
 
 
 def json(
@@ -229,7 +191,7 @@ def json(
     headers=None,
     content_type="application/json",
     dumps=json_dumps,
-    **kwargs
+    **kwargs,
 ):
     """
     Returns response object with body in json format.
@@ -258,6 +220,11 @@ def text(
     :param headers: Custom Headers.
     :param content_type: the content type (string) of the response
     """
+    if not isinstance(body, str):
+        raise TypeError(
+            f"Bad body type. Expected str, got {type(body).__name__})"
+        )
+
     return HTTPResponse(
         body, status=status, headers=headers, content_type=content_type
     )
@@ -275,7 +242,7 @@ def raw(
     :param content_type: the content type (string) of the response.
     """
     return HTTPResponse(
-        body_bytes=body,
+        body=body,
         status=status,
         headers=headers,
         content_type=content_type,
@@ -286,10 +253,14 @@ def html(body, status=200, headers=None):
     """
     Returns response object with body in html format.
 
-    :param body: Response data to be encoded.
+    :param body: str or bytes-ish, or an object with __html__ or _repr_html_.
     :param status: Response code.
     :param headers: Custom Headers.
     """
+    if hasattr(body, "__html__"):
+        body = body.__html__()
+    elif hasattr(body, "_repr_html_"):
+        body = body._repr_html_()
     return HTTPResponse(
         body,
         status=status,
@@ -317,29 +288,27 @@ async def file(
     headers = headers or {}
     if filename:
         headers.setdefault(
-            "Content-Disposition", 'attachment; filename="{}"'.format(filename)
+            "Content-Disposition", f'attachment; filename="{filename}"'
         )
     filename = filename or path.split(location)[-1]
 
-    async with open_async(location, mode="rb") as _file:
+    async with await open_async(location, mode="rb") as f:
         if _range:
-            await _file.seek(_range.start)
-            out_stream = await _file.read(_range.size)
-            headers["Content-Range"] = "bytes %s-%s/%s" % (
-                _range.start,
-                _range.end,
-                _range.total,
-            )
+            await f.seek(_range.start)
+            out_stream = await f.read(_range.size)
+            headers[
+                "Content-Range"
+            ] = f"bytes {_range.start}-{_range.end}/{_range.total}"
             status = 206
         else:
-            out_stream = await _file.read()
+            out_stream = await f.read()
 
     mime_type = mime_type or guess_type(filename)[0] or "text/plain"
     return HTTPResponse(
+        body=out_stream,
         status=status,
         headers=headers,
         content_type=mime_type,
-        body_bytes=out_stream,
     )
 
 
@@ -366,43 +335,36 @@ async def file_stream(
     headers = headers or {}
     if filename:
         headers.setdefault(
-            "Content-Disposition", 'attachment; filename="{}"'.format(filename)
+            "Content-Disposition", f'attachment; filename="{filename}"'
         )
     filename = filename or path.split(location)[-1]
+    mime_type = mime_type or guess_type(filename)[0] or "text/plain"
+    if _range:
+        start = _range.start
+        end = _range.end
+        total = _range.total
 
-    _file = await open_async(location, mode="rb")
+        headers["Content-Range"] = f"bytes {start}-{end}/{total}"
+        status = 206
 
     async def _streaming_fn(response):
-        nonlocal _file, chunk_size
-        try:
+        async with await open_async(location, mode="rb") as f:
             if _range:
-                chunk_size = min((_range.size, chunk_size))
-                await _file.seek(_range.start)
+                await f.seek(_range.start)
                 to_send = _range.size
                 while to_send > 0:
-                    content = await _file.read(chunk_size)
+                    content = await f.read(min((_range.size, chunk_size)))
                     if len(content) < 1:
                         break
                     to_send -= len(content)
                     await response.write(content)
             else:
                 while True:
-                    content = await _file.read(chunk_size)
+                    content = await f.read(chunk_size)
                     if len(content) < 1:
                         break
                     await response.write(content)
-        finally:
-            await _file.close()
-        return  # Returning from this fn closes the stream
 
-    mime_type = mime_type or guess_type(filename)[0] or "text/plain"
-    if _range:
-        headers["Content-Range"] = "bytes %s-%s/%s" % (
-            _range.start,
-            _range.end,
-            _range.total,
-        )
-        status = 206
     return StreamingHTTPResponse(
         streaming_fn=_streaming_fn,
         status=status,

sanic/router.py

@@ -11,7 +11,16 @@ from sanic.views import CompositionView
 
 
 Route = namedtuple(
-    "Route", ["handler", "methods", "pattern", "parameters", "name", "uri"]
+    "Route",
+    [
+        "handler",
+        "methods",
+        "pattern",
+        "parameters",
+        "name",
+        "uri",
+        "endpoint",
+    ],
 )
 Parameter = namedtuple("Parameter", ["name", "cast"])
 
@@ -79,7 +88,8 @@ class Router:
     routes_always_check = None
     parameter_pattern = re.compile(r"<(.+?)>")
 
-    def __init__(self):
+    def __init__(self, app):
+        self.app = app
         self.routes_all = {}
         self.routes_names = {}
         self.routes_static_files = {}
@@ -109,7 +119,7 @@ class Router:
             name, pattern = parameter_string.split(":", 1)
             if not name:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "Invalid parameter syntax: {}".format(parameter_string)
+                    f"Invalid parameter syntax: {parameter_string}"
                 )
 
         default = (str, pattern)
@@ -143,7 +153,7 @@ class Router:
         routes = []
         if version is not None:
             version = re.escape(str(version).strip("/").lstrip("v"))
-            uri = "/".join(["/v{}".format(version), uri.lstrip("/")])
+            uri = "/".join([f"/v{version}", uri.lstrip("/")])
         # add regular version
         routes.append(self._add(uri, methods, handler, host, name))
 
@@ -203,8 +213,8 @@ class Router:
             else:
                 if not isinstance(host, Iterable):
                     raise ValueError(
-                        "Expected either string or Iterable of "
-                        "host strings, not {!r}".format(host)
+                        f"Expected either string or Iterable of "
+                        f"host strings, not {host!r}"
                     )
 
                 for host_ in host:
@@ -225,8 +235,7 @@ class Router:
 
             if name in parameter_names:
                 raise ParameterNameConflicts(
-                    "Multiple parameter named <{name}> "
-                    "in route uri {uri}".format(name=name, uri=uri)
+                    f"Multiple parameter named <{name}> " f"in route uri {uri}"
                 )
             parameter_names.add(name)
 
@@ -240,23 +249,23 @@ class Router:
             elif re.search(r"/", pattern):
                 properties["unhashable"] = True
 
-            return "({})".format(pattern)
+            return f"({pattern})"
 
         pattern_string = re.sub(self.parameter_pattern, add_parameter, uri)
-        pattern = re.compile(r"^{}$".format(pattern_string))
+        pattern = re.compile(fr"^{pattern_string}$")
 
         def merge_route(route, methods, handler):
             # merge to the existing route when possible.
             if not route.methods or not methods:
                 # method-unspecified routes are not mergeable.
-                raise RouteExists("Route already registered: {}".format(uri))
+                raise RouteExists(f"Route already registered: {uri}")
             elif route.methods.intersection(methods):
                 # already existing method is not overloadable.
                 duplicated = methods.intersection(route.methods)
+                duplicated_methods = ",".join(list(duplicated))
+
                 raise RouteExists(
-                    "Route already registered: {} [{}]".format(
-                        uri, ",".join(list(duplicated))
-                    )
+                    f"Route already registered: {uri} [{duplicated_methods}]"
                 )
             if isinstance(route.handler, CompositionView):
                 view = route.handler
@@ -296,15 +305,19 @@ class Router:
             name = name.split("_static_", 1)[-1]
 
         if hasattr(handler, "__blueprintname__"):
-            handler_name = "{}.{}".format(
-                handler.__blueprintname__, name or handler.__name__
-            )
+            bp_name = handler.__blueprintname__
+
+            handler_name = f"{bp_name}.{name or handler.__name__}"
         else:
-            handler_name = name or getattr(handler, "__name__", None)
+            handler_name = name or getattr(
+                handler, "__name__", handler.__class__.__name__
+            )
 
         if route:
             route = merge_route(route, methods, handler)
         else:
+            endpoint = self.app._build_endpoint_name(handler_name)
+
             route = Route(
                 handler=handler,
                 methods=methods,
@@ -312,6 +325,7 @@ class Router:
                 parameters=parameters,
                 name=handler_name,
                 uri=uri,
+                endpoint=endpoint,
             )
 
         self.routes_all[uri] = route
@@ -352,37 +366,6 @@ class Router:
         else:
             return -1, None
 
-    def remove(self, uri, clean_cache=True, host=None):
-        if host is not None:
-            uri = host + uri
-        try:
-            route = self.routes_all.pop(uri)
-            for handler_name, pairs in self.routes_names.items():
-                if pairs[0] == uri:
-                    self.routes_names.pop(handler_name)
-                    break
-
-            for handler_name, pairs in self.routes_static_files.items():
-                if pairs[0] == uri:
-                    self.routes_static_files.pop(handler_name)
-                    break
-
-        except KeyError:
-            raise RouteDoesNotExist("Route was not registered: {}".format(uri))
-
-        if route in self.routes_always_check:
-            self.routes_always_check.remove(route)
-        elif (
-            url_hash(uri) in self.routes_dynamic
-            and route in self.routes_dynamic[url_hash(uri)]
-        ):
-            self.routes_dynamic[url_hash(uri)].remove(route)
-        else:
-            self.routes_static.pop(uri)
-
-        if clean_cache:
-            self._get.cache_clear()
-
     @lru_cache(maxsize=ROUTER_CACHE_SIZE)
     def find_route_by_view_name(self, view_name, name=None):
         """Find a route in the router based on the specified view name.
@@ -442,7 +425,7 @@ class Router:
         # Check against known static routes
         route = self.routes_static.get(url)
         method_not_supported = MethodNotSupported(
-            "Method {} not allowed for URL {}".format(method, url),
+            f"Method {method} not allowed for URL {url}",
             method=method,
             allowed_methods=self.get_supported_methods(url),
         )
@@ -472,7 +455,7 @@ class Router:
                     # Route was found but the methods didn't match
                     if route_found:
                         raise method_not_supported
-                    raise NotFound("Requested URL {} not found".format(url))
+                    raise NotFound(f"Requested URL {url} not found")
 
         kwargs = {
             p.name: p.cast(value)
@@ -481,7 +464,8 @@ class Router:
         route_handler = route.handler
         if hasattr(route_handler, "handlers"):
             route_handler = route_handler.handlers[method]
-        return route_handler, [], kwargs, route.uri, route.name
+
+        return route_handler, [], kwargs, route.uri, route.name, route.endpoint
 
     def is_stream_handler(self, request):
         """Handler for request is stream or not.

sanic/server.py

@@ -1,20 +1,26 @@
 import asyncio
+import multiprocessing
 import os
+import secrets
+import socket
+import stat
+import sys
 import traceback
 
 from collections import deque
 from functools import partial
 from inspect import isawaitable
-from multiprocessing import Process
+from ipaddress import ip_address
 from signal import SIG_IGN, SIGINT, SIGTERM, Signals
 from signal import signal as signal_func
-from socket import SO_REUSEADDR, SOL_SOCKET, socket
 from time import time
+from typing import Dict, Type, Union
 
 from httptools import HttpRequestParser  # type: ignore
 from httptools.parser.errors import HttpParserError  # type: ignore
 
-from sanic.compat import Header
+from sanic.compat import Header, ctrlc_workaround_for_windows
+from sanic.config import Config
 from sanic.exceptions import (
     HeaderExpectationFailed,
     InvalidUsage,
@@ -36,11 +42,48 @@ try:
 except ImportError:
     pass
 
+OS_IS_WINDOWS = os.name == "nt"
+
 
 class Signal:
     stopped = False
 
 
+class ConnInfo:
+    """Local and remote addresses and SSL status info."""
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "sockname",
+        "peername",
+        "server",
+        "server_port",
+        "client",
+        "client_port",
+        "ssl",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, transport, unix=None):
+        self.ssl = bool(transport.get_extra_info("sslcontext"))
+        self.server = self.client = ""
+        self.server_port = self.client_port = 0
+        self.peername = None
+        self.sockname = addr = transport.get_extra_info("sockname")
+        if isinstance(addr, str):  # UNIX socket
+            self.server = unix or addr
+            return
+        # IPv4 (ip, port) or IPv6 (ip, port, flowinfo, scopeid)
+        if isinstance(addr, tuple):
+            self.server = addr[0] if len(addr) == 2 else f"[{addr[0]}]"
+            self.server_port = addr[1]
+            # self.server gets non-standard port appended
+            if addr[1] != (443 if self.ssl else 80):
+                self.server = f"{self.server}:{addr[1]}"
+        self.peername = addr = transport.get_extra_info("peername")
+        if isinstance(addr, tuple):
+            self.client = addr[0] if len(addr) == 2 else f"[{addr[0]}]"
+            self.client_port = addr[1]
+
+
 class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
     """
     This class provides a basic HTTP implementation of the sanic framework.
@@ -54,6 +97,7 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
         "transport",
         "connections",
         "signal",
+        "conn_info",
         # request params
         "parser",
         "request",
@@ -68,7 +112,6 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
         "request_buffer_queue_size",
         "request_class",
         "is_request_stream",
-        "router",
         "error_handler",
         # enable or disable access log purpose
         "access_log",
@@ -86,7 +129,7 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
         "_keep_alive",
         "_header_fragment",
         "state",
-        "_debug",
+        "_unix",
         "_body_chunks",
     )
 
@@ -95,46 +138,42 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
         *,
         loop,
         app,
-        request_handler,
-        error_handler,
         signal=Signal(),
         connections=None,
-        request_timeout=60,
-        response_timeout=60,
-        keep_alive_timeout=5,
-        request_max_size=None,
-        request_buffer_queue_size=100,
-        request_class=None,
-        access_log=True,
-        keep_alive=True,
-        is_request_stream=False,
-        router=None,
         state=None,
-        debug=False,
-        **kwargs
+        unix=None,
+        **kwargs,
     ):
+        asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
         self.loop = loop
+        deprecated_loop = self.loop if sys.version_info < (3, 7) else None
         self.app = app
         self.transport = None
+        self.conn_info = None
         self.request = None
         self.parser = None
         self.url = None
         self.headers = None
-        self.router = router
         self.signal = signal
-        self.access_log = access_log
+        self.access_log = self.app.config.ACCESS_LOG
         self.connections = connections if connections is not None else set()
-        self.request_handler = request_handler
-        self.error_handler = error_handler
-        self.request_timeout = request_timeout
-        self.request_buffer_queue_size = request_buffer_queue_size
-        self.response_timeout = response_timeout
-        self.keep_alive_timeout = keep_alive_timeout
-        self.request_max_size = request_max_size
-        self.request_class = request_class or Request
-        self.is_request_stream = is_request_stream
+        self.request_handler = self.app.handle_request
+        self.error_handler = self.app.error_handler
+        self.request_timeout = self.app.config.REQUEST_TIMEOUT
+        self.request_buffer_queue_size = (
+            self.app.config.REQUEST_BUFFER_QUEUE_SIZE
+        )
+        self.response_timeout = self.app.config.RESPONSE_TIMEOUT
+        self.keep_alive_timeout = self.app.config.KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT
+        self.request_max_size = self.app.config.REQUEST_MAX_SIZE
+        self.request_class = self.app.request_class or Request
+        self.is_request_stream = self.app.is_request_stream
         self._is_stream_handler = False
-        self._not_paused = asyncio.Event(loop=loop)
+        self._not_paused = (
+            asyncio.Event()
+            if sys.version_info >= (3, 10)
+            else asyncio.Event(loop=deprecated_loop)
+        )
         self._total_request_size = 0
         self._request_timeout_handler = None
         self._response_timeout_handler = None
@@ -143,12 +182,12 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
         self._last_response_time = None
         self._request_handler_task = None
         self._request_stream_task = None
-        self._keep_alive = keep_alive
+        self._keep_alive = self.app.config.KEEP_ALIVE
         self._header_fragment = b""
         self.state = state if state else {}
         if "requests_count" not in self.state:
             self.state["requests_count"] = 0
-        self._debug = debug
+        self._unix = unix
         self._not_paused.set()
         self._body_chunks = deque()
 
@@ -177,6 +216,7 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
             self.request_timeout, self.request_timeout_callback
         )
         self.transport = transport
+        self.conn_info = ConnInfo(transport, unix=self._unix)
         self._last_request_time = time()
 
     def connection_lost(self, exc):
@@ -276,7 +316,7 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
             self.parser.feed_data(data)
         except HttpParserError:
             message = "Bad Request"
-            if self._debug:
+            if self.app.debug:
                 message += "\n" + traceback.format_exc()
             self.write_error(InvalidUsage(message))
 
@@ -314,6 +354,7 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
             transport=self.transport,
             app=self.app,
         )
+        self.request.conn_info = self.conn_info
         # Remove any existing KeepAlive handler here,
         # It will be recreated if required on the new request.
         if self._keep_alive_timeout_handler:
@@ -324,7 +365,7 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
             self.expect_handler()
 
         if self.is_request_stream:
-            self._is_stream_handler = self.router.is_stream_handler(
+            self._is_stream_handler = self.app.router.is_stream_handler(
                 self.request
             )
             if self._is_stream_handler:
@@ -343,9 +384,7 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
                 self.transport.write(b"HTTP/1.1 100 Continue\r\n\r\n")
             else:
                 self.write_error(
-                    HeaderExpectationFailed(
-                        "Unknown Expect: {expect}".format(expect=expect)
-                    )
+                    HeaderExpectationFailed(f"Unknown Expect: {expect}")
                 )
 
     def on_body(self, body):
@@ -383,12 +422,13 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
     async def stream_append(self):
         while self._body_chunks:
             body = self._body_chunks.popleft()
-            if self.request.stream.is_full():
-                self.transport.pause_reading()
-                await self.request.stream.put(body)
-                self.transport.resume_reading()
-            else:
-                await self.request.stream.put(body)
+            if self.request:
+                if self.request.stream.is_full():
+                    self.transport.pause_reading()
+                    await self.request.stream.put(body)
+                    self.transport.resume_reading()
+                else:
+                    await self.request.stream.put(body)
 
     def on_message_complete(self):
         # Entire request (headers and whole body) is received.
@@ -452,13 +492,9 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
             extra["host"] = "UNKNOWN"
             if self.request is not None:
                 if self.request.ip:
-                    extra["host"] = "{0}:{1}".format(
-                        self.request.ip, self.request.port
-                    )
+                    extra["host"] = f"{self.request.ip}:{self.request.port}"
 
-                extra["request"] = "{0} {1}".format(
-                    self.request.method, self.request.url
-                )
+                extra["request"] = f"{self.request.method} {self.request.url}"
             else:
                 extra["request"] = "nil"
 
@@ -488,16 +524,14 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
             )
             self.write_error(ServerError("Invalid response type"))
         except RuntimeError:
-            if self._debug:
+            if self.app.debug:
                 logger.error(
                     "Connection lost before response written @ %s",
                     self.request.ip,
                 )
             keep_alive = False
         except Exception as e:
-            self.bail_out(
-                "Writing response failed, connection closed {}".format(repr(e))
-            )
+            self.bail_out(f"Writing response failed, connection closed {e!r}")
         finally:
             if not keep_alive:
                 self.transport.close()
@@ -541,16 +575,14 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
             )
             self.write_error(ServerError("Invalid response type"))
         except RuntimeError:
-            if self._debug:
+            if self.app.debug:
                 logger.error(
                     "Connection lost before response written @ %s",
                     self.request.ip,
                 )
             keep_alive = False
         except Exception as e:
-            self.bail_out(
-                "Writing response failed, connection closed {}".format(repr(e))
-            )
+            self.bail_out(f"Writing response failed, connection closed {e!r}")
         finally:
             if not keep_alive:
                 self.transport.close()
@@ -574,14 +606,14 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
             version = self.request.version if self.request else "1.1"
             self.transport.write(response.output(version))
         except RuntimeError:
-            if self._debug:
+            if self.app.debug:
                 logger.error(
                     "Connection lost before error written @ %s",
                     self.request.ip if self.request else "Unknown",
                 )
         except Exception as e:
             self.bail_out(
-                "Writing error failed, connection closed {}".format(repr(e)),
+                f"Writing error failed, connection closed {e!r}",
                 from_error=True,
             )
         finally:
@@ -642,7 +674,7 @@ class HttpProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
 
         :return: boolean - True if closed, false if staying open
         """
-        if not self.parser:
+        if not self.parser and self.transport is not None:
             self.transport.close()
             return True
         return False
@@ -764,20 +796,13 @@ def serve(
     host,
     port,
     app,
-    request_handler,
-    error_handler,
     before_start=None,
     after_start=None,
     before_stop=None,
     after_stop=None,
-    debug=False,
-    request_timeout=60,
-    response_timeout=60,
-    keep_alive_timeout=5,
     ssl=None,
     sock=None,
-    request_max_size=None,
-    request_buffer_queue_size=100,
+    unix=None,
     reuse_port=False,
     loop=None,
     protocol=HttpProtocol,
@@ -787,25 +812,13 @@ def serve(
     run_async=False,
     connections=None,
     signal=Signal(),
-    request_class=None,
-    access_log=True,
-    keep_alive=True,
-    is_request_stream=False,
-    router=None,
-    websocket_max_size=None,
-    websocket_max_queue=None,
-    websocket_read_limit=2 ** 16,
-    websocket_write_limit=2 ** 16,
     state=None,
-    graceful_shutdown_timeout=15.0,
     asyncio_server_kwargs=None,
 ):
     """Start asynchronous HTTP Server on an individual process.
 
     :param host: Address to host on
     :param port: Port to host on
-    :param request_handler: Sanic request handler with middleware
-    :param error_handler: Sanic error handler with middleware
     :param before_start: function to be executed before the server starts
                          listening. Takes arguments `app` instance and `loop`
     :param after_start: function to be executed after the server starts
@@ -816,35 +829,13 @@ def serve(
     :param after_stop: function to be executed when a stop signal is
                        received after it is respected. Takes arguments
                        `app` instance and `loop`
-    :param debug: enables debug output (slows server)
-    :param request_timeout: time in seconds
-    :param response_timeout: time in seconds
-    :param keep_alive_timeout: time in seconds
     :param ssl: SSLContext
     :param sock: Socket for the server to accept connections from
-    :param request_max_size: size in bytes, `None` for no limit
+    :param unix: Unix socket to listen on instead of TCP port
     :param reuse_port: `True` for multiple workers
     :param loop: asyncio compatible event loop
-    :param protocol: subclass of asyncio protocol class
     :param run_async: bool: Do not create a new event loop for the server,
                       and return an AsyncServer object rather than running it
-    :param request_class: Request class to use
-    :param access_log: disable/enable access log
-    :param websocket_max_size: enforces the maximum size for
-                               incoming messages in bytes.
-    :param websocket_max_queue: sets the maximum length of the queue
-                                that holds incoming messages.
-    :param websocket_read_limit: sets the high-water limit of the buffer for
-                                 incoming bytes, the low-water limit is half
-                                 the high-water limit.
-    :param websocket_write_limit: sets the high-water limit of the buffer for
-                                  outgoing bytes, the low-water limit is a
-                                  quarter of the high-water limit.
-    :param is_request_stream: disable/enable Request.stream
-    :param request_buffer_queue_size: streaming request buffer queue size
-    :param router: Router object
-    :param graceful_shutdown_timeout: How long take to Force close non-idle
-                                      connection
     :param asyncio_server_kwargs: key-value args for asyncio/uvloop
                                   create_server method
     :return: Nothing
@@ -854,59 +845,48 @@ def serve(
         loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
         asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
 
-    if debug:
-        loop.set_debug(debug)
+    if app.debug:
+        loop.set_debug(app.debug)
 
     app.asgi = False
 
     connections = connections if connections is not None else set()
+    protocol_kwargs = _build_protocol_kwargs(protocol, app.config)
     server = partial(
         protocol,
         loop=loop,
         connections=connections,
         signal=signal,
         app=app,
-        request_handler=request_handler,
-        error_handler=error_handler,
-        request_timeout=request_timeout,
-        response_timeout=response_timeout,
-        keep_alive_timeout=keep_alive_timeout,
-        request_max_size=request_max_size,
-        request_buffer_queue_size=request_buffer_queue_size,
-        request_class=request_class,
-        access_log=access_log,
-        keep_alive=keep_alive,
-        is_request_stream=is_request_stream,
-        router=router,
-        websocket_max_size=websocket_max_size,
-        websocket_max_queue=websocket_max_queue,
-        websocket_read_limit=websocket_read_limit,
-        websocket_write_limit=websocket_write_limit,
         state=state,
-        debug=debug,
+        unix=unix,
+        **protocol_kwargs,
     )
     asyncio_server_kwargs = (
         asyncio_server_kwargs if asyncio_server_kwargs else {}
     )
+    # UNIX sockets are always bound by us (to preserve semantics between modes)
+    if unix:
+        sock = bind_unix_socket(unix, backlog=backlog)
     server_coroutine = loop.create_server(
         server,
-        host,
-        port,
+        None if sock else host,
+        None if sock else port,
         ssl=ssl,
         reuse_port=reuse_port,
         sock=sock,
         backlog=backlog,
-        **asyncio_server_kwargs
+        **asyncio_server_kwargs,
     )
 
     if run_async:
         return AsyncioServer(
-            loop,
-            server_coroutine,
-            connections,
-            after_start,
-            before_stop,
-            after_stop,
+            loop=loop,
+            serve_coro=server_coroutine,
+            connections=connections,
+            after_start=after_start,
+            before_stop=before_stop,
+            after_stop=after_stop,
         )
 
     trigger_events(before_start, loop)
@@ -925,15 +905,11 @@ def serve(
 
     # Register signals for graceful termination
     if register_sys_signals:
-        _singals = (SIGTERM,) if run_multiple else (SIGINT, SIGTERM)
-        for _signal in _singals:
-            try:
-                loop.add_signal_handler(_signal, loop.stop)
-            except NotImplementedError:
-                logger.warning(
-                    "Sanic tried to use loop.add_signal_handler "
-                    "but it is not implemented on this platform."
-                )
+        if OS_IS_WINDOWS:
+            ctrlc_workaround_for_windows(app)
+        else:
+            for _signal in [SIGTERM] if run_multiple else [SIGINT, SIGTERM]:
+                loop.add_signal_handler(_signal, app.stop)
     pid = os.getpid()
     try:
         logger.info("Starting worker [%s]", pid)
@@ -957,8 +933,9 @@ def serve(
         # We should provide graceful_shutdown_timeout,
         # instead of letting connection hangs forever.
         # Let's roughly calcucate time.
+        graceful = app.config.GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT
         start_shutdown = 0
-        while connections and (start_shutdown < graceful_shutdown_timeout):
+        while connections and (start_shutdown < graceful):
             loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.sleep(0.1))
             start_shutdown = start_shutdown + 0.1
 
@@ -971,12 +948,106 @@ def serve(
             else:
                 conn.close()
 
-        _shutdown = asyncio.gather(*coros, loop=loop)
+        _shutdown = asyncio.gather(*coros)
         loop.run_until_complete(_shutdown)
 
         trigger_events(after_stop, loop)
 
         loop.close()
+        remove_unix_socket(unix)
+
+
+def _build_protocol_kwargs(
+    protocol: Type[HttpProtocol], config: Config
+) -> Dict[str, Union[int, float]]:
+    if hasattr(protocol, "websocket_handshake"):
+        return {
+            "websocket_max_size": config.WEBSOCKET_MAX_SIZE,
+            "websocket_max_queue": config.WEBSOCKET_MAX_QUEUE,
+            "websocket_read_limit": config.WEBSOCKET_READ_LIMIT,
+            "websocket_write_limit": config.WEBSOCKET_WRITE_LIMIT,
+            "websocket_ping_timeout": config.WEBSOCKET_PING_TIMEOUT,
+            "websocket_ping_interval": config.WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL,
+        }
+    return {}
+
+
+def bind_socket(host: str, port: int, *, backlog=100) -> socket.socket:
+    """Create TCP server socket.
+    :param host: IPv4, IPv6 or hostname may be specified
+    :param port: TCP port number
+    :param backlog: Maximum number of connections to queue
+    :return: socket.socket object
+    """
+    try:  # IP address: family must be specified for IPv6 at least
+        ip = ip_address(host)
+        host = str(ip)
+        sock = socket.socket(
+            socket.AF_INET6 if ip.version == 6 else socket.AF_INET
+        )
+    except ValueError:  # Hostname, may become AF_INET or AF_INET6
+        sock = socket.socket()
+    sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
+    sock.bind((host, port))
+    sock.listen(backlog)
+    return sock
+
+
+def bind_unix_socket(path: str, *, mode=0o666, backlog=100) -> socket.socket:
+    """Create unix socket.
+    :param path: filesystem path
+    :param backlog: Maximum number of connections to queue
+    :return: socket.socket object
+    """
+    """Open or atomically replace existing socket with zero downtime."""
+    # Sanitise and pre-verify socket path
+    path = os.path.abspath(path)
+    folder = os.path.dirname(path)
+    if not os.path.isdir(folder):
+        raise FileNotFoundError(f"Socket folder does not exist: {folder}")
+    try:
+        if not stat.S_ISSOCK(os.stat(path, follow_symlinks=False).st_mode):
+            raise FileExistsError(f"Existing file is not a socket: {path}")
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        pass
+    # Create new socket with a random temporary name
+    tmp_path = f"{path}.{secrets.token_urlsafe()}"
+    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX)
+    try:
+        # Critical section begins (filename races)
+        sock.bind(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            os.chmod(tmp_path, mode)
+            # Start listening before rename to avoid connection failures
+            sock.listen(backlog)
+            os.rename(tmp_path, path)
+        except:  # noqa: E722
+            try:
+                os.unlink(tmp_path)
+            finally:
+                raise
+    except:  # noqa: E722
+        try:
+            sock.close()
+        finally:
+            raise
+    return sock
+
+
+def remove_unix_socket(path: str) -> None:
+    """Remove dead unix socket during server exit."""
+    if not path:
+        return
+    try:
+        if stat.S_ISSOCK(os.stat(path, follow_symlinks=False).st_mode):
+            # Is it actually dead (doesn't belong to a new server instance)?
+            with socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX) as testsock:
+                try:
+                    testsock.connect(path)
+                except ConnectionRefusedError:
+                    os.unlink(path)
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        pass
 
 
 def serve_multiple(server_settings, workers):
@@ -991,11 +1062,17 @@ def serve_multiple(server_settings, workers):
     server_settings["reuse_port"] = True
     server_settings["run_multiple"] = True
 
-    # Handling when custom socket is not provided.
-    if server_settings.get("sock") is None:
-        sock = socket()
-        sock.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
-        sock.bind((server_settings["host"], server_settings["port"]))
+    # Create a listening socket or use the one in settings
+    sock = server_settings.get("sock")
+    unix = server_settings["unix"]
+    backlog = server_settings["backlog"]
+    if unix:
+        sock = bind_unix_socket(unix, backlog=backlog)
+        server_settings["unix"] = unix
+    if sock is None:
+        sock = bind_socket(
+            server_settings["host"], server_settings["port"], backlog=backlog
+        )
         sock.set_inheritable(True)
         server_settings["sock"] = sock
         server_settings["host"] = None
@@ -1010,9 +1087,10 @@ def serve_multiple(server_settings, workers):
 
     signal_func(SIGINT, lambda s, f: sig_handler(s, f))
     signal_func(SIGTERM, lambda s, f: sig_handler(s, f))
+    mp = multiprocessing.get_context("fork")
 
     for _ in range(workers):
-        process = Process(target=serve, kwargs=server_settings)
+        process = mp.Process(target=serve, kwargs=server_settings)
         process.daemon = True
         process.start()
         processes.append(process)
@@ -1023,4 +1101,6 @@ def serve_multiple(server_settings, workers):
     # the above processes will block this until they're stopped
     for process in processes:
         process.terminate()
-    server_settings.get("sock").close()
+
+    sock.close()
+    remove_unix_socket(unix)

sanic/static.py

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
+from functools import partial, wraps
 from mimetypes import guess_type
-from os import path
-from re import sub
+from os import path, sep
+from pathlib import Path
 from time import gmtime, strftime
 from urllib.parse import unquote
 
-from aiofiles.os import stat  # type: ignore
-
+from sanic.compat import stat_async
 from sanic.exceptions import (
     ContentRangeError,
     FileNotFound,
@@ -13,9 +13,114 @@ from sanic.exceptions import (
     InvalidUsage,
 )
 from sanic.handlers import ContentRangeHandler
+from sanic.log import error_logger
 from sanic.response import HTTPResponse, file, file_stream
 
 
+async def _static_request_handler(
+    file_or_directory,
+    use_modified_since,
+    use_content_range,
+    stream_large_files,
+    request,
+    content_type=None,
+    file_uri=None,
+):
+    # Merge served directory and requested file if provided
+    file_path_raw = Path(unquote(file_or_directory))
+    root_path = file_path = file_path_raw.resolve()
+    not_found = FileNotFound(
+        "File not found",
+        path=file_or_directory,
+        relative_url=file_uri,
+    )
+
+    if file_uri:
+        # Strip all / that in the beginning of the URL to help prevent
+        # python from herping a derp and treating the uri as an
+        # absolute path
+        unquoted_file_uri = unquote(file_uri).lstrip("/")
+        file_path_raw = Path(file_or_directory, unquoted_file_uri)
+        file_path = file_path_raw.resolve()
+        if (
+            file_path < root_path and not file_path_raw.is_symlink()
+        ) or ".." in file_path_raw.parts:
+            error_logger.exception(
+                f"File not found: path={file_or_directory}, "
+                f"relative_url={file_uri}"
+            )
+            raise not_found
+
+    try:
+        file_path.relative_to(root_path)
+    except ValueError:
+        if not file_path_raw.is_symlink():
+            error_logger.exception(
+                f"File not found: path={file_or_directory}, "
+                f"relative_url={file_uri}"
+            )
+            raise not_found
+
+    try:
+        headers = {}
+        # Check if the client has been sent this file before
+        # and it has not been modified since
+        stats = None
+        if use_modified_since:
+            stats = await stat_async(file_path)
+            modified_since = strftime(
+                "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT", gmtime(stats.st_mtime)
+            )
+            if request.headers.get("If-Modified-Since") == modified_since:
+                return HTTPResponse(status=304)
+            headers["Last-Modified"] = modified_since
+        _range = None
+        if use_content_range:
+            _range = None
+            if not stats:
+                stats = await stat_async(file_path)
+            headers["Accept-Ranges"] = "bytes"
+            headers["Content-Length"] = str(stats.st_size)
+            if request.method != "HEAD":
+                try:
+                    _range = ContentRangeHandler(request, stats)
+                except HeaderNotFound:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    del headers["Content-Length"]
+                    for key, value in _range.headers.items():
+                        headers[key] = value
+        headers["Content-Type"] = (
+            content_type or guess_type(file_path)[0] or "text/plain"
+        )
+        if request.method == "HEAD":
+            return HTTPResponse(headers=headers)
+        else:
+            if stream_large_files:
+                if type(stream_large_files) == int:
+                    threshold = stream_large_files
+                else:
+                    threshold = 1024 * 1024
+
+                if not stats:
+                    stats = await stat_async(file_path)
+                if stats.st_size >= threshold:
+                    return await file_stream(
+                        file_path, headers=headers, _range=_range
+                    )
+            return await file(file_path, headers=headers, _range=_range)
+    except ContentRangeError:
+        raise
+    except Exception:
+        error_logger.exception(
+            f"File not found: path={file_or_directory}, "
+            f"relative_url={file_uri}"
+        )
+        raise FileNotFound(
+            "File not found", path=file_or_directory, relative_url=file_uri
+        )
+
+
 def register(
     app,
     uri,
@@ -51,96 +156,34 @@ def register(
                               threshold size to switch to file_stream()
     :param name: user defined name used for url_for
     :param content_type: user defined content type for header
+    :return: registered static routes
+    :rtype: List[sanic.router.Route]
     """
     # If we're not trying to match a file directly,
     # serve from the folder
     if not path.isfile(file_or_directory):
         uri += "<file_uri:" + pattern + ">"
 
-    async def _handler(request, file_uri=None):
-        # Using this to determine if the URL is trying to break out of the path
-        # served.  os.path.realpath seems to be very slow
-        if file_uri and "../" in file_uri:
-            raise InvalidUsage("Invalid URL")
-        # Merge served directory and requested file if provided
-        # Strip all / that in the beginning of the URL to help prevent python
-        # from herping a derp and treating the uri as an absolute path
-        root_path = file_path = file_or_directory
-        if file_uri:
-            file_path = path.join(
-                file_or_directory, sub("^[/]*", "", file_uri)
-            )
-
-        # URL decode the path sent by the browser otherwise we won't be able to
-        # match filenames which got encoded (filenames with spaces etc)
-        file_path = path.abspath(unquote(file_path))
-        if not file_path.startswith(path.abspath(unquote(root_path))):
-            raise FileNotFound(
-                "File not found", path=file_or_directory, relative_url=file_uri
-            )
-        try:
-            headers = {}
-            # Check if the client has been sent this file before
-            # and it has not been modified since
-            stats = None
-            if use_modified_since:
-                stats = await stat(file_path)
-                modified_since = strftime(
-                    "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT", gmtime(stats.st_mtime)
-                )
-                if request.headers.get("If-Modified-Since") == modified_since:
-                    return HTTPResponse(status=304)
-                headers["Last-Modified"] = modified_since
-            _range = None
-            if use_content_range:
-                _range = None
-                if not stats:
-                    stats = await stat(file_path)
-                headers["Accept-Ranges"] = "bytes"
-                headers["Content-Length"] = str(stats.st_size)
-                if request.method != "HEAD":
-                    try:
-                        _range = ContentRangeHandler(request, stats)
-                    except HeaderNotFound:
-                        pass
-                    else:
-                        del headers["Content-Length"]
-                        for key, value in _range.headers.items():
-                            headers[key] = value
-            headers["Content-Type"] = (
-                content_type or guess_type(file_path)[0] or "text/plain"
-            )
-            if request.method == "HEAD":
-                return HTTPResponse(headers=headers)
-            else:
-                if stream_large_files:
-                    if type(stream_large_files) == int:
-                        threshold = stream_large_files
-                    else:
-                        threshold = 1024 * 1024
-
-                    if not stats:
-                        stats = await stat(file_path)
-                    if stats.st_size >= threshold:
-                        return await file_stream(
-                            file_path, headers=headers, _range=_range
-                        )
-                return await file(file_path, headers=headers, _range=_range)
-        except ContentRangeError:
-            raise
-        except Exception:
-            raise FileNotFound(
-                "File not found", path=file_or_directory, relative_url=file_uri
-            )
-
     # special prefix for static files
     if not name.startswith("_static_"):
-        name = "_static_{}".format(name)
+        name = f"_static_{name}"
 
-    app.route(
+    _handler = wraps(_static_request_handler)(
+        partial(
+            _static_request_handler,
+            file_or_directory,
+            use_modified_since,
+            use_content_range,
+            stream_large_files,
+            content_type=content_type,
+        )
+    )
+
+    _routes, _ = app.route(
         uri,
         methods=["GET", "HEAD"],
         name=name,
         host=host,
         strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
     )(_handler)
+    return _routes

sanic/testing.py

@@ -11,8 +11,10 @@ from sanic.response import text
 
 
 ASGI_HOST = "mockserver"
+ASGI_PORT = 1234
+ASGI_BASE_URL = f"http://{ASGI_HOST}:{ASGI_PORT}"
 HOST = "127.0.0.1"
-PORT = 42101
+PORT = None
 
 
 class SanicTestClient:
@@ -22,8 +24,16 @@ class SanicTestClient:
         self.port = port
         self.host = host
 
+        @app.listener("after_server_start")
+        def _start_test_mode(sanic, *args, **kwargs):
+            sanic.test_mode = True
+
+        @app.listener("before_server_end")
+        def _end_test_mode(sanic, *args, **kwargs):
+            sanic.test_mode = False
+
     def get_new_session(self):
-        return httpx.Client()
+        return httpx.AsyncClient(verify=False)
 
     async def _local_request(self, method, url, *args, **kwargs):
         logger.info(url)
@@ -38,20 +48,22 @@ class SanicTestClient:
 
                 try:
                     response = await getattr(session, method.lower())(
-                        url, verify=False, *args, **kwargs
+                        url, *args, **kwargs
                     )
                 except NameError:
                     raise Exception(response.status_code)
 
+                response.body = await response.aread()
+                response.status = response.status_code
+                response.content_type = response.headers.get("content-type")
+
+                # response can be decoded as json after response._content
+                # is set by response.aread()
                 try:
                     response.json = response.json()
                 except (JSONDecodeError, UnicodeDecodeError):
                     response.json = None
 
-                response.body = await response.read()
-                response.status = response.status_code
-                response.content_type = response.headers.get("content-type")
-
                 if raw_cookies:
                     response.raw_cookies = {}
 
@@ -93,7 +105,9 @@ class SanicTestClient:
 
         if self.port:
             server_kwargs = dict(
-                host=host or self.host, port=self.port, **server_kwargs
+                host=host or self.host,
+                port=self.port,
+                **server_kwargs,
             )
             host, port = host or self.host, self.port
         else:
@@ -101,17 +115,19 @@ class SanicTestClient:
             sock.bind((host or self.host, 0))
             server_kwargs = dict(sock=sock, **server_kwargs)
             host, port = sock.getsockname()
+            self.port = port
 
         if uri.startswith(
             ("http:", "https:", "ftp:", "ftps://", "//", "ws:", "wss:")
         ):
             url = uri
         else:
-            uri = uri if uri.startswith("/") else "/{uri}".format(uri=uri)
+            uri = uri if uri.startswith("/") else f"/{uri}"
             scheme = "ws" if method == "websocket" else "http"
-            url = "{scheme}://{host}:{port}{uri}".format(
-                scheme=scheme, host=host, port=port, uri=uri
-            )
+            url = f"{scheme}://{host}:{port}{uri}"
+        # Tests construct URLs using PORT = None, which means random port not
+        # known until this function is called, so fix that here
+        url = url.replace(":None/", f":{port}/")
 
         @self.app.listener("after_server_start")
         async def _collect_response(sanic, loop):
@@ -129,7 +145,7 @@ class SanicTestClient:
         self.app.listeners["after_server_start"].pop()
 
         if exceptions:
-            raise ValueError("Exception during request: {}".format(exceptions))
+            raise ValueError(f"Exception during request: {exceptions}")
 
         if gather_request:
             try:
@@ -137,17 +153,13 @@ class SanicTestClient:
                 return request, response
             except BaseException:  # noqa
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "Request and response object expected, got ({})".format(
-                        results
-                    )
+                    f"Request and response object expected, got ({results})"
                 )
         else:
             try:
                 return results[-1]
             except BaseException:  # noqa
-                raise ValueError(
-                    "Request object expected, got ({})".format(results)
-                )
+                raise ValueError(f"Request object expected, got ({results})")
 
     def get(self, *args, **kwargs):
         return self._sanic_endpoint_test("get", *args, **kwargs)
@@ -185,30 +197,33 @@ async def app_call_with_return(self, scope, receive, send):
     return await asgi_app()
 
 
-class SanicASGIDispatch(httpx.dispatch.ASGIDispatch):
-    pass
-
-
-class SanicASGITestClient(httpx.Client):
+class SanicASGITestClient(httpx.AsyncClient):
     def __init__(
         self,
         app,
-        base_url: str = "http://{}".format(ASGI_HOST),
+        base_url: str = ASGI_BASE_URL,
         suppress_exceptions: bool = False,
     ) -> None:
         app.__class__.__call__ = app_call_with_return
         app.asgi = True
 
         self.app = app
-
-        dispatch = SanicASGIDispatch(app=app, client=(ASGI_HOST, PORT))
-        super().__init__(dispatch=dispatch, base_url=base_url)
+        transport = httpx.ASGITransport(app=app, client=(ASGI_HOST, ASGI_PORT))
+        super().__init__(transport=transport, base_url=base_url)
 
         self.last_request = None
 
         def _collect_request(request):
             self.last_request = request
 
+        @app.listener("after_server_start")
+        def _start_test_mode(sanic, *args, **kwargs):
+            sanic.test_mode = True
+
+        @app.listener("before_server_end")
+        def _end_test_mode(sanic, *args, **kwargs):
+            sanic.test_mode = False
+
         app.request_middleware.appendleft(_collect_request)
 
     async def request(self, method, url, gather_request=True, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -224,7 +239,7 @@ class SanicASGITestClient(httpx.Client):
     async def websocket(self, uri, subprotocols=None, *args, **kwargs):
         scheme = "ws"
         path = uri
-        root_path = "{}://{}".format(scheme, ASGI_HOST)
+        root_path = f"{scheme}://{ASGI_HOST}"
 
         headers = kwargs.get("headers", {})
         headers.setdefault("connection", "upgrade")

sanic/utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+from importlib.util import module_from_spec, spec_from_file_location
+from os import environ as os_environ
+from re import findall as re_findall
+from typing import Union
+
+from .exceptions import LoadFileException
+
+
+def str_to_bool(val: str) -> bool:
+    """Takes string and tries to turn it into bool as human would do.
+
+    If val is in case insensitive (
+        "y", "yes", "yep", "yup", "t",
+        "true", "on", "enable", "enabled", "1"
+    ) returns True.
+    If val is in case insensitive (
+        "n", "no", "f", "false", "off", "disable", "disabled", "0"
+    ) returns False.
+    Else Raise ValueError."""
+
+    val = val.lower()
+    if val in {
+        "y",
+        "yes",
+        "yep",
+        "yup",
+        "t",
+        "true",
+        "on",
+        "enable",
+        "enabled",
+        "1",
+    }:
+        return True
+    elif val in {"n", "no", "f", "false", "off", "disable", "disabled", "0"}:
+        return False
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid truth value {val}")
+
+
+def load_module_from_file_location(
+    location: Union[bytes, str], encoding: str = "utf8", *args, **kwargs
+):
+    """Returns loaded module provided as a file path.
+
+    :param args:
+        Coresponds to importlib.util.spec_from_file_location location
+        parameters,but with this differences:
+        - It has to be of a string or bytes type.
+        - You can also use here environment variables
+          in format ${some_env_var}.
+          Mark that $some_env_var will not be resolved as environment variable.
+    :encoding:
+        If location parameter is of a bytes type, then use this encoding
+        to decode it into string.
+    :param args:
+        Coresponds to the rest of importlib.util.spec_from_file_location
+        parameters.
+    :param kwargs:
+        Coresponds to the rest of importlib.util.spec_from_file_location
+        parameters.
+
+    For example You can:
+
+        some_module = load_module_from_file_location(
+            "some_module_name",
+            "/some/path/${some_env_var}"
+        )
+    """
+
+    # 1) Parse location.
+    if isinstance(location, bytes):
+        location = location.decode(encoding)
+
+    # A) Check if location contains any environment variables
+    #    in format ${some_env_var}.
+    env_vars_in_location = set(re_findall(r"\${(.+?)}", location))
+
+    # B) Check these variables exists in environment.
+    not_defined_env_vars = env_vars_in_location.difference(os_environ.keys())
+    if not_defined_env_vars:
+        raise LoadFileException(
+            "The following environment variables are not set: "
+            f"{', '.join(not_defined_env_vars)}"
+        )
+
+    # C) Substitute them in location.
+    for env_var in env_vars_in_location:
+        location = location.replace("${" + env_var + "}", os_environ[env_var])
+
+    # 2) Load and return module.
+    name = location.split("/")[-1].split(".")[
+        0
+    ]  # get just the file name without path and .py extension
+    _mod_spec = spec_from_file_location(name, location, *args, **kwargs)
+    module = module_from_spec(_mod_spec)
+    _mod_spec.loader.exec_module(module)  # type: ignore
+
+    return module

sanic/views.py

@@ -90,20 +90,17 @@ class CompositionView:
 
     def __init__(self):
         self.handlers = {}
+        self.name = self.__class__.__name__
 
     def add(self, methods, handler, stream=False):
         if stream:
             handler.is_stream = stream
         for method in methods:
             if method not in HTTP_METHODS:
-                raise InvalidUsage(
-                    "{} is not a valid HTTP method.".format(method)
-                )
+                raise InvalidUsage(f"{method} is not a valid HTTP method.")
 
             if method in self.handlers:
-                raise InvalidUsage(
-                    "Method {} is already registered.".format(method)
-                )
+                raise InvalidUsage(f"Method {method} is already registered.")
             self.handlers[method] = handler
 
     def __call__(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

sanic/websocket.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from typing import (
     Awaitable,
     Callable,
     Dict,
+    List,
     MutableMapping,
     Optional,
     Union,
@@ -34,6 +35,8 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(HttpProtocol):
         websocket_max_queue=None,
         websocket_read_limit=2 ** 16,
         websocket_write_limit=2 ** 16,
+        websocket_ping_interval=20,
+        websocket_ping_timeout=20,
         **kwargs
     ):
         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
@@ -44,6 +47,8 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(HttpProtocol):
         self.websocket_max_queue = websocket_max_queue
         self.websocket_read_limit = websocket_read_limit
         self.websocket_write_limit = websocket_write_limit
+        self.websocket_ping_interval = websocket_ping_interval
+        self.websocket_ping_timeout = websocket_ping_timeout
 
     # timeouts make no sense for websocket routes
     def request_timeout_callback(self):
@@ -113,11 +118,13 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(HttpProtocol):
 
         # hook up the websocket protocol
         self.websocket = WebSocketCommonProtocol(
-            timeout=self.websocket_timeout,
+            close_timeout=self.websocket_timeout,
             max_size=self.websocket_max_size,
             max_queue=self.websocket_max_queue,
             read_limit=self.websocket_read_limit,
             write_limit=self.websocket_write_limit,
+            ping_interval=self.websocket_ping_interval,
+            ping_timeout=self.websocket_ping_timeout,
         )
         # Following two lines are required for websockets 8.x
         self.websocket.is_client = False
@@ -137,9 +144,11 @@ class WebSocketConnection:
         self,
         send: Callable[[ASIMessage], Awaitable[None]],
         receive: Callable[[], Awaitable[ASIMessage]],
+        subprotocols: Optional[List[str]] = None,
     ) -> None:
         self._send = send
         self._receive = receive
+        self.subprotocols = subprotocols or []
 
     async def send(self, data: Union[str, bytes], *args, **kwargs) -> None:
         message: Dict[str, Union[str, bytes]] = {"type": "websocket.send"}
@@ -164,7 +173,14 @@ class WebSocketConnection:
     receive = recv
 
     async def accept(self) -> None:
-        await self._send({"type": "websocket.accept", "subprotocol": ""})
+        await self._send(
+            {
+                "type": "websocket.accept",
+                "subprotocol": ",".join(
+                    [subprotocol for subprotocol in self.subprotocols]
+                ),
+            }
+        )
 
     async def close(self) -> None:
         pass

sanic/worker.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import signal
 import sys
 import traceback
 
-import gunicorn.workers.base as base  # type: ignore
+from gunicorn.workers import base as base  # type: ignore
 
 from sanic.server import HttpProtocol, Signal, serve, trigger_events
 from sanic.websocket import WebSocketProtocol

setup.cfg

@@ -11,11 +11,3 @@ line_length = 79
 lines_after_imports = 2
 lines_between_types = 1
 multi_line_output = 3
-not_skip = __init__.py
-
-[version]
-current_version = 19.12.0
-files = sanic/__version__.py
-current_version_pattern = __version__ = "{current_version}"
-new_version_pattern = __version__ = "{new_version}"
-

setup.py

@@ -57,10 +57,12 @@ setup_kwargs = {
     "author": "Sanic Community",
     "author_email": "admhpkns@gmail.com",
     "description": (
-        "A web server and web framework that's written to go fast. Build fast. Run fast."
+        "A web server and web framework that's written to go fast. "
+        "Build fast. Run fast."
     ),
     "long_description": long_description,
     "packages": ["sanic"],
+    "package_data": {"sanic": ["py.typed"]},
     "platforms": "any",
     "python_requires": ">=3.6",
     "classifiers": [
@@ -69,37 +71,41 @@ setup_kwargs = {
         "License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
     ],
+    "entry_points": {"console_scripts": ["sanic = sanic.__main__:main"]},
 }
 
 env_dependency = (
     '; sys_platform != "win32" ' 'and implementation_name == "cpython"'
 )
 ujson = "ujson>=1.35" + env_dependency
-uvloop = "uvloop>=0.5.3,<0.15.0" + env_dependency
+uvloop = "uvloop>=0.5.3" + env_dependency
 
 requirements = [
     "httptools>=0.0.10",
     uvloop,
     ujson,
-    "aiofiles>=0.3.0",
-    "websockets>=7.0,<9.0",
-    "multidict==5.0.0",
-    "httpx==0.9.3",
+    "aiofiles>=0.6.0",
+    "websockets>=8.1,<=9.1",
+    "multidict>=5.0,<6.0",
+    "httpx==0.15.4",
 ]
 
 tests_require = [
     "pytest==5.2.1",
-    "multidict==5.0.0",
-    "gunicorn",
+    "multidict>=5.0,<6.0",
+    "gunicorn==20.0.4",
     "pytest-cov",
-    "httpcore==0.3.0",
+    "httpcore==0.11.*",
     "beautifulsoup4",
     uvloop,
     ujson,
     "pytest-sanic",
     "pytest-sugar",
     "pytest-benchmark",
+    "pytest-dependency",
 ]
 
 docs_require = [

tests/conftest.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from sanic.router import RouteExists, Router
 
 
 random.seed("Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs.")
+Sanic.test_mode = True
 
 if sys.platform in ["win32", "cygwin"]:
     collect_ignore = ["test_worker.py"]
@@ -95,15 +96,15 @@ class RouteStringGenerator:
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="function")
-def sanic_router():
+def sanic_router(app):
     # noinspection PyProtectedMember
     def _setup(route_details: tuple) -> (Router, tuple):
-        router = Router()
+        router = Router(app)
         added_router = []
         for method, route in route_details:
             try:
                 router._add(
-                    uri="/{}".format(route),
+                    uri=f"/{route}",
                     methods=frozenset({method}),
                     host="localhost",
                     handler=_handler,

tests/performance/wheezy/simple_server.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 # Run with: gunicorn --workers=1 --worker-class=meinheld.gmeinheld.MeinheldWorker simple_server:main
 """ Minimal helloworld application.
 """
-
 import ujson
 
 from wheezy.http import HTTPResponse, WSGIApplication

tests/static/app_test_config.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+TEST_SETTING_VALUE = 1

tests/test_app.py

@@ -3,9 +3,12 @@ import logging
 import sys
 
 from inspect import isawaitable
+from os import environ
+from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
 
+from sanic import Sanic
 from sanic.exceptions import SanicException
 from sanic.response import text
 
@@ -48,6 +51,7 @@ def test_asyncio_server_no_start_serving(app):
     if not uvloop_installed():
         loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
         asyncio_srv_coro = app.create_server(
+            port=43123,
             return_asyncio_server=True,
             asyncio_server_kwargs=dict(start_serving=False),
         )
@@ -62,6 +66,7 @@ def test_asyncio_server_start_serving(app):
     if not uvloop_installed():
         loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
         asyncio_srv_coro = app.create_server(
+            port=43124,
             return_asyncio_server=True,
             asyncio_server_kwargs=dict(start_serving=False),
         )
@@ -69,7 +74,8 @@ def test_asyncio_server_start_serving(app):
         assert srv.is_serving() is False
         loop.run_until_complete(srv.start_serving())
         assert srv.is_serving() is True
-        srv.close()
+        wait_close = srv.close()
+        loop.run_until_complete(wait_close)
         # Looks like we can't easily test `serve_forever()`
 
 
@@ -112,7 +118,7 @@ def test_app_route_raise_value_error(app):
 
 def test_app_handle_request_handler_is_none(app, monkeypatch):
     def mockreturn(*args, **kwargs):
-        return None, [], {}, "", ""
+        return None, [], {}, "", "", None
 
     # Not sure how to make app.router.get() return None, so use mock here.
     monkeypatch.setattr(app.router, "get", mockreturn)
@@ -121,11 +127,11 @@ def test_app_handle_request_handler_is_none(app, monkeypatch):
     def handler(request):
         return text("test")
 
-    request, response = app.test_client.get("/test")
+    _, response = app.test_client.get("/test")
 
     assert (
-        response.text
-        == "Error: 'None' was returned while requesting a handler from the router"
+        "'None' was returned while requesting a handler from the router"
+        in response.text
     )
 
 
@@ -144,6 +150,43 @@ def test_app_enable_websocket(app, websocket_enabled, enable):
     assert app.websocket_enabled == True
 
 
+@patch("sanic.app.WebSocketProtocol")
+def test_app_websocket_parameters(websocket_protocol_mock, app):
+    app.config.WEBSOCKET_MAX_SIZE = 44
+    app.config.WEBSOCKET_MAX_QUEUE = 45
+    app.config.WEBSOCKET_READ_LIMIT = 46
+    app.config.WEBSOCKET_WRITE_LIMIT = 47
+    app.config.WEBSOCKET_PING_TIMEOUT = 48
+    app.config.WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL = 50
+
+    @app.websocket("/ws")
+    async def handler(request, ws):
+        await ws.send("test")
+
+    try:
+        # This will fail because WebSocketProtocol is mocked and only the call kwargs matter
+        app.test_client.get("/ws")
+    except:
+        pass
+
+    websocket_protocol_call_args = websocket_protocol_mock.call_args
+    ws_kwargs = websocket_protocol_call_args[1]
+    assert ws_kwargs["websocket_max_size"] == app.config.WEBSOCKET_MAX_SIZE
+    assert ws_kwargs["websocket_max_queue"] == app.config.WEBSOCKET_MAX_QUEUE
+    assert ws_kwargs["websocket_read_limit"] == app.config.WEBSOCKET_READ_LIMIT
+    assert (
+        ws_kwargs["websocket_write_limit"] == app.config.WEBSOCKET_WRITE_LIMIT
+    )
+    assert (
+        ws_kwargs["websocket_ping_timeout"]
+        == app.config.WEBSOCKET_PING_TIMEOUT
+    )
+    assert (
+        ws_kwargs["websocket_ping_interval"]
+        == app.config.WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL
+    )
+
+
 def test_handle_request_with_nested_exception(app, monkeypatch):
 
     err_msg = "Mock Exception"
@@ -184,9 +227,7 @@ def test_handle_request_with_nested_exception_debug(app, monkeypatch):
     request, response = app.test_client.get("/", debug=True)
     assert response.status == 500
     assert response.text.startswith(
-        "Error while handling error: {}\nStack: Traceback (most recent call last):\n".format(
-            err_msg
-        )
+        f"Error while handling error: {err_msg}\nStack: Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
     )
 
 
@@ -206,10 +247,78 @@ def test_handle_request_with_nested_sanic_exception(app, monkeypatch, caplog):
 
     with caplog.at_level(logging.ERROR):
         request, response = app.test_client.get("/")
+    port = request.server_port
+    assert port > 0
     assert response.status == 500
-    assert response.text == "Error: Mock SanicException"
+    assert "Mock SanicException" in response.text
     assert (
         "sanic.root",
         logging.ERROR,
-        "Exception occurred while handling uri: 'http://127.0.0.1:42101/'",
+        f"Exception occurred while handling uri: 'http://127.0.0.1:{port}/'",
     ) in caplog.record_tuples
+
+
+def test_app_name_required():
+    with pytest.raises(SanicException):
+        Sanic()
+
+
+def test_app_has_test_mode_sync():
+    app = Sanic("test")
+
+    @app.get("/")
+    def handler(request):
+        assert request.app.test_mode
+        return text("test")
+
+    _, response = app.test_client.get("/")
+    assert response.status == 200
+
+
+def test_app_registry():
+    instance = Sanic("test")
+    assert Sanic._app_registry["test"] is instance
+
+
+def test_app_registry_wrong_type():
+    with pytest.raises(SanicException):
+        Sanic.register_app(1)
+
+
+def test_app_registry_name_reuse():
+    Sanic("test")
+    Sanic.test_mode = False
+    with pytest.raises(SanicException):
+        Sanic("test")
+    Sanic.test_mode = True
+    Sanic("test")
+
+
+def test_app_registry_retrieval():
+    instance = Sanic("test")
+    assert Sanic.get_app("test") is instance
+
+
+def test_get_app_does_not_exist():
+    with pytest.raises(SanicException):
+        Sanic.get_app("does-not-exist")
+
+
+def test_get_app_does_not_exist_force_create():
+    assert isinstance(
+        Sanic.get_app("does-not-exist", force_create=True), Sanic
+    )
+
+
+def test_app_no_registry():
+    Sanic("no-register", register=False)
+    with pytest.raises(SanicException):
+        Sanic.get_app("no-register")
+
+
+def test_app_no_registry_env():
+    environ["SANIC_REGISTER"] = "False"
+    Sanic("no-register")
+    with pytest.raises(SanicException):
+        Sanic.get_app("no-register")
+    del environ["SANIC_REGISTER"]

tests/test_asgi.py

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import asyncio
-
 from collections import deque, namedtuple
 
 import pytest
@@ -81,9 +79,6 @@ def test_listeners_triggered(app):
     with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
         server.run()
 
-    for task in asyncio.Task.all_tasks():
-        task.cancel()
-
     assert before_server_start
     assert after_server_start
     assert before_server_stop
@@ -126,9 +121,6 @@ def test_listeners_triggered_async(app):
     with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
         server.run()
 
-    for task in asyncio.Task.all_tasks():
-        task.cancel()
-
     assert before_server_start
     assert after_server_start
     assert before_server_stop
@@ -197,6 +189,53 @@ async def test_websocket_receive(send, receive, message_stack):
     assert text == msg["text"]
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_websocket_accept_with_no_subprotocols(
+    send, receive, message_stack
+):
+    ws = WebSocketConnection(send, receive)
+    await ws.accept()
+
+    assert len(message_stack) == 1
+
+    message = message_stack.popleft()
+    assert message["type"] == "websocket.accept"
+    assert message["subprotocol"] == ""
+    assert "bytes" not in message
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_websocket_accept_with_subprotocol(send, receive, message_stack):
+    subprotocols = ["graphql-ws"]
+
+    ws = WebSocketConnection(send, receive, subprotocols)
+    await ws.accept()
+
+    assert len(message_stack) == 1
+
+    message = message_stack.popleft()
+    assert message["type"] == "websocket.accept"
+    assert message["subprotocol"] == "graphql-ws"
+    assert "bytes" not in message
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_websocket_accept_with_multiple_subprotocols(
+    send, receive, message_stack
+):
+    subprotocols = ["graphql-ws", "hello", "world"]
+
+    ws = WebSocketConnection(send, receive, subprotocols)
+    await ws.accept()
+
+    assert len(message_stack) == 1
+
+    message = message_stack.popleft()
+    assert message["type"] == "websocket.accept"
+    assert message["subprotocol"] == "graphql-ws,hello,world"
+    assert "bytes" not in message
+
+
 def test_improper_websocket_connection(transport, send, receive):
     with pytest.raises(InvalidUsage):
         transport.get_websocket_connection()
@@ -221,7 +260,7 @@ async def test_request_class_custom():
     class MyCustomRequest(Request):
         pass
 
-    app = Sanic(request_class=MyCustomRequest)
+    app = Sanic(name=__name__, request_class=MyCustomRequest)
 
     @app.get("/custom")
     def custom_request(request):

tests/test_bad_request.py

@@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ def test_bad_request_response(app):
 
     app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=42101, debug=False)
     assert lines[0] == b"HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request\r\n"
-    assert lines[-1] == b"Error: Bad Request"
+    assert b"Bad Request" in lines[-1]

tests/test_blueprint_group.py

@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ def test_bp_group_with_additional_route_params(app: Sanic):
     )
     def blueprint_2_named_method(request: Request, param):
         if request.method == "DELETE":
-            return text("DELETE_{}".format(param))
+            return text(f"DELETE_{param}")
         elif request.method == "PATCH":
-            return text("PATCH_{}".format(param))
+            return text(f"PATCH_{param}")
 
     blueprint_group = Blueprint.group(
         blueprint_1, blueprint_2, url_prefix="/api"

tests/test_blueprints.py

@@ -46,19 +46,19 @@ def test_versioned_routes_get(app, method):
     func = getattr(bp, method)
     if callable(func):
 
-        @func("/{}".format(method), version=1)
+        @func(f"/{method}", version=1)
         def handler(request):
             return text("OK")
 
     else:
         print(func)
-        raise Exception("{} is not callable".format(func))
+        raise Exception(f"{func} is not callable")
 
     app.blueprint(bp)
 
     client_method = getattr(app.test_client, method)
 
-    request, response = client_method("/v1/{}".format(method))
+    request, response = client_method(f"/v1/{method}")
     assert response.status == 200
 
 
@@ -252,8 +252,90 @@ def test_several_bp_with_host(app):
     assert response.text == "Hello3"
 
 
+def test_bp_with_host_list(app):
+    bp = Blueprint(
+        "test_bp_host",
+        url_prefix="/test1",
+        host=["example.com", "sub.example.com"],
+    )
+
+    @bp.route("/")
+    def handler1(request):
+        return text("Hello")
+
+    @bp.route("/", host=["sub1.example.com"])
+    def handler2(request):
+        return text("Hello subdomain!")
+
+    app.blueprint(bp)
+    headers = {"Host": "example.com"}
+    request, response = app.test_client.get("/test1/", headers=headers)
+    assert response.text == "Hello"
+
+    headers = {"Host": "sub.example.com"}
+    request, response = app.test_client.get("/test1/", headers=headers)
+    assert response.text == "Hello"
+
+    headers = {"Host": "sub1.example.com"}
+    request, response = app.test_client.get("/test1/", headers=headers)
+
+    assert response.text == "Hello subdomain!"
+
+
+def test_several_bp_with_host_list(app):
+    bp = Blueprint(
+        "test_text",
+        url_prefix="/test",
+        host=["example.com", "sub.example.com"],
+    )
+    bp2 = Blueprint(
+        "test_text2",
+        url_prefix="/test",
+        host=["sub1.example.com", "sub2.example.com"],
+    )
+
+    @bp.route("/")
+    def handler(request):
+        return text("Hello")
+
+    @bp2.route("/")
+    def handler1(request):
+        return text("Hello2")
+
+    @bp2.route("/other/")
+    def handler2(request):
+        return text("Hello3")
+
+    app.blueprint(bp)
+    app.blueprint(bp2)
+
+    assert bp.host == ["example.com", "sub.example.com"]
+    headers = {"Host": "example.com"}
+    request, response = app.test_client.get("/test/", headers=headers)
+    assert response.text == "Hello"
+
+    assert bp.host == ["example.com", "sub.example.com"]
+    headers = {"Host": "sub.example.com"}
+    request, response = app.test_client.get("/test/", headers=headers)
+    assert response.text == "Hello"
+
+    assert bp2.host == ["sub1.example.com", "sub2.example.com"]
+    headers = {"Host": "sub1.example.com"}
+    request, response = app.test_client.get("/test/", headers=headers)
+    assert response.text == "Hello2"
+    request, response = app.test_client.get("/test/other/", headers=headers)
+    assert response.text == "Hello3"
+
+    assert bp2.host == ["sub1.example.com", "sub2.example.com"]
+    headers = {"Host": "sub2.example.com"}
+    request, response = app.test_client.get("/test/", headers=headers)
+    assert response.text == "Hello2"
+    request, response = app.test_client.get("/test/other/", headers=headers)
+    assert response.text == "Hello3"
+
+
 def test_bp_middleware(app):
-    blueprint = Blueprint("test_middleware")
+    blueprint = Blueprint("test_bp_middleware")
 
     @blueprint.middleware("response")
     async def process_response(request, response):
@@ -271,6 +353,46 @@ def test_bp_middleware(app):
     assert response.text == "FAIL"
 
 
+def test_bp_middleware_order(app):
+    blueprint = Blueprint("test_bp_middleware_order")
+    order = list()
+
+    @blueprint.middleware("request")
+    def mw_1(request):
+        order.append(1)
+
+    @blueprint.middleware("request")
+    def mw_2(request):
+        order.append(2)
+
+    @blueprint.middleware("request")
+    def mw_3(request):
+        order.append(3)
+
+    @blueprint.middleware("response")
+    def mw_4(request, response):
+        order.append(6)
+
+    @blueprint.middleware("response")
+    def mw_5(request, response):
+        order.append(5)
+
+    @blueprint.middleware("response")
+    def mw_6(request, response):
+        order.append(4)
+
+    @blueprint.route("/")
+    def process_response(request):
+        return text("OK")
+
+    app.blueprint(blueprint)
+    order.clear()
+    request, response = app.test_client.get("/")
+
+    assert response.status == 200
+    assert order == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+
+
 def test_bp_exception_handler(app):
     blueprint = Blueprint("test_middleware")
 
@@ -553,9 +675,7 @@ def test_bp_group_with_default_url_prefix(app):
     from uuid import uuid4
 
     resource_id = str(uuid4())
-    request, response = app.test_client.get(
-        "/api/v1/resources/{0}".format(resource_id)
-    )
+    request, response = app.test_client.get(f"/api/v1/resources/{resource_id}")
     assert response.json == {"resource_id": resource_id}
 
 
@@ -616,6 +736,37 @@ def test_static_blueprint_name(app: Sanic, static_file_directory, file_name):
     assert response.status == 200
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("file_name", ["test.file"])
+def test_static_blueprintp_mw(app: Sanic, static_file_directory, file_name):
+    current_file = inspect.getfile(inspect.currentframe())
+    with open(current_file, "rb") as file:
+        file.read()
+
+    triggered = False
+
+    bp = Blueprint(name="test_mw", url_prefix="")
+
+    @bp.middleware("request")
+    def bp_mw1(request):
+        nonlocal triggered
+        triggered = True
+
+    bp.static(
+        "/test.file",
+        get_file_path(static_file_directory, file_name),
+        strict_slashes=True,
+        name="static",
+    )
+
+    app.blueprint(bp)
+
+    uri = app.url_for("test_mw.static")
+    assert uri == "/test.file"
+
+    _, response = app.test_client.get("/test.file")
+    assert triggered is True
+
+
 def test_route_handler_add(app: Sanic):
     view = CompositionView()
 
@@ -669,23 +820,8 @@ def test_duplicate_blueprint(app):
         app.blueprint(bp1)
 
     assert str(excinfo.value) == (
-        'A blueprint with the name "{}" is already registered.  '
+        f'A blueprint with the name "{bp_name}" is already registered.  '
         "Blueprint names must be unique."
-    ).format(bp_name)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("debug", [True, False, None])
-def test_register_blueprint(app, debug):
-    bp = Blueprint("bp")
-
-    app.debug = debug
-    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning) as record:
-        app.register_blueprint(bp)
-
-    assert record[0].message.args[0] == (
-        "Use of register_blueprint will be deprecated in "
-        "version 1.0.  Please use the blueprint method"
-        " instead"
     )
 
 

tests/test_config.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ from sanic.exceptions import PyFileError
 
 @contextmanager
 def temp_path():
-    """ a simple cross platform replacement for NamedTemporaryFile """
+    """a simple cross platform replacement for NamedTemporaryFile"""
     with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
         yield Path(td, "file")
 
@@ -44,42 +44,42 @@ def test_load_from_object_string_exception(app):
 
 def test_auto_load_env():
     environ["SANIC_TEST_ANSWER"] = "42"
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic(name=__name__)
     assert app.config.TEST_ANSWER == 42
     del environ["SANIC_TEST_ANSWER"]
 
 
 def test_auto_load_bool_env():
     environ["SANIC_TEST_ANSWER"] = "True"
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic(name=__name__)
     assert app.config.TEST_ANSWER == True
     del environ["SANIC_TEST_ANSWER"]
 
 
 def test_dont_load_env():
     environ["SANIC_TEST_ANSWER"] = "42"
-    app = Sanic(load_env=False)
+    app = Sanic(name=__name__, load_env=False)
     assert getattr(app.config, "TEST_ANSWER", None) is None
     del environ["SANIC_TEST_ANSWER"]
 
 
 def test_load_env_prefix():
     environ["MYAPP_TEST_ANSWER"] = "42"
-    app = Sanic(load_env="MYAPP_")
+    app = Sanic(name=__name__, load_env="MYAPP_")
     assert app.config.TEST_ANSWER == 42
     del environ["MYAPP_TEST_ANSWER"]
 
 
 def test_load_env_prefix_float_values():
     environ["MYAPP_TEST_ROI"] = "2.3"
-    app = Sanic(load_env="MYAPP_")
+    app = Sanic(name=__name__, load_env="MYAPP_")
     assert app.config.TEST_ROI == 2.3
     del environ["MYAPP_TEST_ROI"]
 
 
 def test_load_env_prefix_string_value():
     environ["MYAPP_TEST_TOKEN"] = "somerandomtesttoken"
-    app = Sanic(load_env="MYAPP_")
+    app = Sanic(name=__name__, load_env="MYAPP_")
     assert app.config.TEST_TOKEN == "somerandomtesttoken"
     del environ["MYAPP_TEST_TOKEN"]
 

tests/test_cookies.py

@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ from sanic.response import text
 def test_cookies(app):
     @app.route("/")
     def handler(request):
-        response = text("Cookies are: {}".format(request.cookies["test"]))
+        cookie_value = request.cookies["test"]
+        response = text(f"Cookies are: {cookie_value}")
         response.cookies["right_back"] = "at you"
         return response
 
@@ -31,7 +32,8 @@ def test_cookies(app):
 async def test_cookies_asgi(app):
     @app.route("/")
     def handler(request):
-        response = text("Cookies are: {}".format(request.cookies["test"]))
+        cookie_value = request.cookies["test"]
+        response = text(f"Cookies are: {cookie_value}")
         response.cookies["right_back"] = "at you"
         return response
 
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ def test_false_cookies_encoded(app, httponly, expected):
         response = text("hello cookies")
         response.cookies["hello"] = "world"
         response.cookies["hello"]["httponly"] = httponly
-        return text(response.cookies["hello"].encode("utf8"))
+        return text(response.cookies["hello"].encode("utf8").decode())
 
     request, response = app.test_client.get("/")
 
@@ -78,7 +80,8 @@ def test_false_cookies(app, httponly, expected):
 def test_http2_cookies(app):
     @app.route("/")
     async def handler(request):
-        response = text("Cookies are: {}".format(request.cookies["test"]))
+        cookie_value = request.cookies["test"]
+        response = text(f"Cookies are: {cookie_value}")
         return response
 
     headers = {"cookie": "test=working!"}

tests/test_create_task.py

@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ def test_create_task(app):
 
     @app.route("/early")
     def not_set(request):
-        return text(e.is_set())
+        return text(str(e.is_set()))
 
     @app.route("/late")
     async def set(request):
         await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
-        return text(e.is_set())
+        return text(str(e.is_set()))
 
     request, response = app.test_client.get("/early")
     assert response.body == b"False"

tests/test_custom_request.py

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class CustomRequest(Request):
 
 
 def test_custom_request():
-    app = Sanic(request_class=CustomRequest)
+    app = Sanic(name=__name__, request_class=CustomRequest)
 
     @app.route("/post", methods=["POST"])
     async def post_handler(request):

tests/test_errorpages.py

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+import pytest
+
+from sanic import Sanic
+from sanic.errorpages import exception_response
+from sanic.exceptions import NotFound
+from sanic.request import Request
+from sanic.response import HTTPResponse
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def app():
+    app = Sanic("error_page_testing")
+
+    @app.route("/error", methods=["GET", "POST"])
+    def err(request):
+        raise Exception("something went wrong")
+
+    return app
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def fake_request(app):
+    return Request(b"/foobar", {}, "1.1", "GET", None, app)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "fallback,content_type, exception, status",
+    (
+        (None, "text/html; charset=utf-8", Exception, 500),
+        ("html", "text/html; charset=utf-8", Exception, 500),
+        ("auto", "text/html; charset=utf-8", Exception, 500),
+        ("text", "text/plain; charset=utf-8", Exception, 500),
+        ("json", "application/json", Exception, 500),
+        (None, "text/html; charset=utf-8", NotFound, 404),
+        ("html", "text/html; charset=utf-8", NotFound, 404),
+        ("auto", "text/html; charset=utf-8", NotFound, 404),
+        ("text", "text/plain; charset=utf-8", NotFound, 404),
+        ("json", "application/json", NotFound, 404),
+    ),
+)
+def test_should_return_html_valid_setting(
+    fake_request, fallback, content_type, exception, status
+):
+    if fallback:
+        fake_request.app.config.FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT = fallback
+
+    try:
+        raise exception("bad stuff")
+    except Exception as e:
+        response = exception_response(fake_request, e, True)
+
+    assert isinstance(response, HTTPResponse)
+    assert response.status == status
+    assert response.content_type == content_type
+
+
+def test_auto_fallback_with_data(app):
+    app.config.FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT = "auto"
+
+    _, response = app.test_client.get("/error")
+    assert response.status == 500
+    assert response.content_type == "text/html; charset=utf-8"
+
+    _, response = app.test_client.post("/error", json={"foo": "bar"})
+    assert response.status == 500
+    assert response.content_type == "application/json"
+
+    _, response = app.test_client.post("/error", data={"foo": "bar"})
+    assert response.status == 500
+    assert response.content_type == "text/html; charset=utf-8"
+
+
+def test_auto_fallback_with_content_type(app):
+    app.config.FALLBACK_ERROR_FORMAT = "auto"
+
+    _, response = app.test_client.get(
+        "/error", headers={"content-type": "application/json"}
+    )
+    assert response.status == 500
+    assert response.content_type == "application/json"
+
+    _, response = app.test_client.get(
+        "/error", headers={"content-type": "text/plain"}
+    )
+    assert response.status == 500
+    assert response.content_type == "text/plain; charset=utf-8"

tests/test_exceptions.py

@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ def test_handled_unhandled_exception(exception_app):
     request, response = exception_app.test_client.get("/divide_by_zero")
     assert response.status == 500
     soup = BeautifulSoup(response.body, "html.parser")
-    assert soup.h1.text == "Internal Server Error"
+    assert "Internal Server Error" in soup.h1.text
 
     message = " ".join(soup.p.text.split())
     assert message == (
@@ -218,4 +218,4 @@ def test_abort(exception_app):
 
     request, response = exception_app.test_client.get("/abort/message")
     assert response.status == 500
-    assert response.text == "Error: Abort"
+    assert "Abort" in response.text

tests/test_exceptions_handler.py

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def handler_6(request, arg):
     try:
         foo = 1 / arg
     except Exception as e:
-        raise e from ValueError("{}".format(arg))
+        raise e from ValueError(f"{arg}")
     return text(foo)
 
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ def test_html_traceback_output_in_debug_mode():
 
     summary_text = " ".join(soup.select(".summary")[0].text.split())
     assert (
-        "NameError: name 'bar' " "is not defined while handling path /4"
+        "NameError: name 'bar' is not defined while handling path /4"
     ) == summary_text
 
 
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ def test_chained_exception_handler():
 
     summary_text = " ".join(soup.select(".summary")[0].text.split())
     assert (
-        "ZeroDivisionError: division by zero " "while handling path /6/0"
+        "ZeroDivisionError: division by zero while handling path /6/0"
     ) == summary_text
 
 

tests/test_keep_alive_timeout.py

@@ -3,56 +3,36 @@ import asyncio
 from asyncio import sleep as aio_sleep
 from json import JSONDecodeError
 
+import httpcore
 import httpx
 
 from sanic import Sanic, server
 from sanic.response import text
-from sanic.testing import HOST, PORT, SanicTestClient
+from sanic.testing import HOST, SanicTestClient
 
 
 CONFIG_FOR_TESTS = {"KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT": 2, "KEEP_ALIVE": True}
 
-old_conn = None
+PORT = 42101  # test_keep_alive_timeout_reuse doesn't work with random port
+
+from httpcore._async.base import ConnectionState
+from httpcore._async.connection import AsyncHTTPConnection
+from httpcore._types import Origin
 
 
-class ReusableSanicConnectionPool(
-    httpx.dispatch.connection_pool.ConnectionPool
-):
-    async def acquire_connection(self, origin, timeout):
-        global old_conn
-        connection = self.pop_connection(origin)
+class ReusableSanicConnectionPool(httpcore.AsyncConnectionPool):
+    last_reused_connection = None
 
-        if connection is None:
-            pool_timeout = None if timeout is None else timeout.pool_timeout
-
-            await self.max_connections.acquire(timeout=pool_timeout)
-            connection = httpx.dispatch.connection.HTTPConnection(
-                origin,
-                verify=self.verify,
-                cert=self.cert,
-                http2=self.http2,
-                backend=self.backend,
-                release_func=self.release_connection,
-                trust_env=self.trust_env,
-                uds=self.uds,
-            )
-
-        self.active_connections.add(connection)
-
-        if old_conn is not None:
-            if old_conn != connection:
-                raise RuntimeError(
-                    "We got a new connection, wanted the same one!"
-                )
-        old_conn = connection
-
-        return connection
+    async def _get_connection_from_pool(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        conn = await super()._get_connection_from_pool(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.__class__.last_reused_connection = conn
+        return conn
 
 
-class ResusableSanicSession(httpx.Client):
+class ResusableSanicSession(httpx.AsyncClient):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
-        dispatch = ReusableSanicConnectionPool()
-        super().__init__(dispatch=dispatch, *args, **kwargs)
+        transport = ReusableSanicConnectionPool()
+        super().__init__(transport=transport, *args, **kwargs)
 
 
 class ReuseableSanicTestClient(SanicTestClient):
@@ -97,11 +77,9 @@ class ReuseableSanicTestClient(SanicTestClient):
         ):
             url = uri
         else:
-            uri = uri if uri.startswith("/") else "/{uri}".format(uri=uri)
+            uri = uri if uri.startswith("/") else f"/{uri}"
             scheme = "http"
-            url = "{scheme}://{host}:{port}{uri}".format(
-                scheme=scheme, host=HOST, port=PORT, uri=uri
-            )
+            url = f"{scheme}://{HOST}:{PORT}{uri}"
 
         @self.app.listener("after_server_start")
         async def _collect_response(loop):
@@ -134,7 +112,7 @@ class ReuseableSanicTestClient(SanicTestClient):
         self.app.listeners["after_server_start"].pop()
 
         if exceptions:
-            raise ValueError("Exception during request: {}".format(exceptions))
+            raise ValueError(f"Exception during request: {exceptions}")
 
         if gather_request:
             self.app.request_middleware.pop()
@@ -143,17 +121,13 @@ class ReuseableSanicTestClient(SanicTestClient):
                 return request, response
             except Exception:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "Request and response object expected, got ({})".format(
-                        results
-                    )
+                    f"Request and response object expected, got ({results})"
                 )
         else:
             try:
                 return results[-1]
             except Exception:
-                raise ValueError(
-                    "Request object expected, got ({})".format(results)
-                )
+                raise ValueError(f"Request object expected, got ({results})")
 
     def kill_server(self):
         try:
@@ -163,7 +137,7 @@ class ReuseableSanicTestClient(SanicTestClient):
                 self._server = None
 
             if self._session:
-                self._loop.run_until_complete(self._session.close())
+                self._loop.run_until_complete(self._session.aclose())
                 self._session = None
 
         except Exception as e3:
@@ -182,7 +156,7 @@ class ReuseableSanicTestClient(SanicTestClient):
             self._session = self.get_new_session()
         try:
             response = await getattr(self._session, method.lower())(
-                url, verify=False, timeout=request_keepalive, *args, **kwargs
+                url, timeout=request_keepalive, *args, **kwargs
             )
         except NameError:
             raise Exception(response.status_code)
@@ -192,7 +166,7 @@ class ReuseableSanicTestClient(SanicTestClient):
         except (JSONDecodeError, UnicodeDecodeError):
             response.json = None
 
-        response.body = await response.read()
+        response.body = await response.aread()
         response.status = response.status_code
         response.content_type = response.headers.get("content-type")
 
@@ -244,6 +218,7 @@ def test_keep_alive_timeout_reuse():
         request, response = client.get("/1")
         assert response.status == 200
         assert response.text == "OK"
+        assert ReusableSanicConnectionPool.last_reused_connection
     finally:
         client.kill_server()
 
@@ -256,20 +231,15 @@ def test_keep_alive_client_timeout():
         asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
         client = ReuseableSanicTestClient(keep_alive_app_client_timeout, loop)
         headers = {"Connection": "keep-alive"}
-        try:
-            request, response = client.get(
-                "/1", headers=headers, request_keepalive=1
-            )
-            assert response.status == 200
-            assert response.text == "OK"
-            loop.run_until_complete(aio_sleep(2))
-            exception = None
-            request, response = client.get("/1", request_keepalive=1)
-        except ValueError as e:
-            exception = e
-        assert exception is not None
-        assert isinstance(exception, ValueError)
-        assert "got a new connection" in exception.args[0]
+        request, response = client.get(
+            "/1", headers=headers, request_keepalive=1
+        )
+        assert response.status == 200
+        assert response.text == "OK"
+        loop.run_until_complete(aio_sleep(2))
+        exception = None
+        request, response = client.get("/1", request_keepalive=1)
+        assert ReusableSanicConnectionPool.last_reused_connection is None
     finally:
         client.kill_server()
 
@@ -284,22 +254,14 @@ def test_keep_alive_server_timeout():
         asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
         client = ReuseableSanicTestClient(keep_alive_app_server_timeout, loop)
         headers = {"Connection": "keep-alive"}
-        try:
-            request, response = client.get(
-                "/1", headers=headers, request_keepalive=60
-            )
-            assert response.status == 200
-            assert response.text == "OK"
-            loop.run_until_complete(aio_sleep(3))
-            exception = None
-            request, response = client.get("/1", request_keepalive=60)
-        except ValueError as e:
-            exception = e
-        assert exception is not None
-        assert isinstance(exception, ValueError)
-        assert (
-            "Connection reset" in exception.args[0]
-            or "got a new connection" in exception.args[0]
+        request, response = client.get(
+            "/1", headers=headers, request_keepalive=60
         )
+        assert response.status == 200
+        assert response.text == "OK"
+        loop.run_until_complete(aio_sleep(3))
+        exception = None
+        request, response = client.get("/1", request_keepalive=60)
+        assert ReusableSanicConnectionPool.last_reused_connection is None
     finally:
         client.kill_server()

tests/test_load_module_from_file_location.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+from types import ModuleType
+
+import pytest
+
+from sanic.exceptions import LoadFileException
+from sanic.utils import load_module_from_file_location
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def loaded_module_from_file_location():
+    return load_module_from_file_location(
+        str(Path(__file__).parent / "static" / "app_test_config.py")
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.dependency(name="test_load_module_from_file_location")
+def test_load_module_from_file_location(loaded_module_from_file_location):
+    assert isinstance(loaded_module_from_file_location, ModuleType)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.dependency(depends=["test_load_module_from_file_location"])
+def test_loaded_module_from_file_location_name(
+    loaded_module_from_file_location,
+):
+    name = loaded_module_from_file_location.__name__
+    if "C:\\" in name:
+        name = name.split("\\")[-1]
+    assert name == "app_test_config"
+
+
+def test_load_module_from_file_location_with_non_existing_env_variable():
+    with pytest.raises(
+        LoadFileException,
+        match="The following environment variables are not set: MuuMilk",
+    ):
+
+        load_module_from_file_location("${MuuMilk}")

tests/test_logging.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import logging
+import os
 import uuid
 
 from importlib import reload
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ import sanic
 from sanic import Sanic
 from sanic.log import LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS, logger
 from sanic.response import text
+from sanic.testing import SanicTestClient
 
 
 logging_format = """module: %(module)s; \
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ def test_logging_pass_customer_logconfig():
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("debug", (True, False))
 def test_log_connection_lost(app, debug, monkeypatch):
-    """ Should not log Connection lost exception on non debug """
+    """Should not log Connection lost exception on non debug"""
     stream = StringIO()
     root = logging.getLogger("sanic.root")
     root.addHandler(logging.StreamHandler(stream))
@@ -127,7 +129,7 @@ def test_log_connection_lost(app, debug, monkeypatch):
 def test_logger(caplog):
     rand_string = str(uuid.uuid4())
 
-    app = Sanic()
+    app = Sanic(name=__name__)
 
     @app.get("/")
     def log_info(request):
@@ -137,15 +139,67 @@ def test_logger(caplog):
     with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
         request, response = app.test_client.get("/")
 
+    port = request.server_port
+
+    # Note: testing with random port doesn't show the banner because it doesn't
+    # define host and port. This test supports both modes.
+    if caplog.record_tuples[0] == (
+        "sanic.root",
+        logging.INFO,
+        f"Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1:{port}",
+    ):
+        caplog.record_tuples.pop(0)
+
     assert caplog.record_tuples[0] == (
         "sanic.root",
         logging.INFO,
-        "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1:42101",
+        f"http://127.0.0.1:{port}/",
+    )
+    assert caplog.record_tuples[1] == ("sanic.root", logging.INFO, rand_string)
+    assert caplog.record_tuples[-1] == (
+        "sanic.root",
+        logging.INFO,
+        "Server Stopped",
+    )
+
+
+def test_logger_static_and_secure(caplog):
+    # Same as test_logger, except for more coverage:
+    # - test_client initialised separately for static port
+    # - using ssl
+    rand_string = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+    app = Sanic(name=__name__)
+
+    @app.get("/")
+    def log_info(request):
+        logger.info(rand_string)
+        return text("hello")
+
+    current_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
+    ssl_cert = os.path.join(current_dir, "certs/selfsigned.cert")
+    ssl_key = os.path.join(current_dir, "certs/selfsigned.key")
+
+    ssl_dict = {"cert": ssl_cert, "key": ssl_key}
+
+    test_client = SanicTestClient(app, port=42101)
+    with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
+        request, response = test_client.get(
+            f"https://127.0.0.1:{test_client.port}/",
+            server_kwargs=dict(ssl=ssl_dict),
+        )
+
+    port = test_client.port
+
+    assert caplog.record_tuples[0] == (
+        "sanic.root",
+        logging.INFO,
+        f"Goin' Fast @ https://127.0.0.1:{port}",
     )
     assert caplog.record_tuples[1] == (
         "sanic.root",
         logging.INFO,
-        "http://127.0.0.1:42101/",
+        f"https://127.0.0.1:{port}/",
     )
     assert caplog.record_tuples[2] == ("sanic.root", logging.INFO, rand_string)
     assert caplog.record_tuples[-1] == (

tests/test_logo.py

@@ -49,10 +49,10 @@ def test_logo_false(app, caplog):
     loop.run_until_complete(_server.wait_closed())
     app.stop()
 
+    banner, port = caplog.record_tuples[ROW][2].rsplit(":", 1)
     assert caplog.record_tuples[ROW][1] == logging.INFO
-    assert caplog.record_tuples[ROW][
-        2
-    ] == "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1:{}".format(PORT)
+    assert banner == "Goin' Fast @ http://127.0.0.1"
+    assert int(port) > 0
 
 
 def test_logo_true(app, caplog):

tests/test_middleware.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import logging
 
 from asyncio import CancelledError
 
-from sanic.exceptions import NotFound
+from sanic.exceptions import NotFound, SanicException
 from sanic.request import Request
 from sanic.response import HTTPResponse, text
 
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def test_middleware_response_raise_cancelled_error(app, caplog):
             "sanic.root",
             logging.ERROR,
             "Exception occurred while handling uri: 'http://127.0.0.1:42101/'",
-        ) in caplog.record_tuples
+        ) not in caplog.record_tuples
 
 
 def test_middleware_response_raise_exception(app, caplog):
@@ -102,14 +102,16 @@ def test_middleware_response_raise_exception(app, caplog):
         raise Exception("Exception at response middleware")
 
     with caplog.at_level(logging.ERROR):
-        reqrequest, response = app.test_client.get("/")
+        reqrequest, response = app.test_client.get("/fail")
 
     assert response.status == 404
+    # 404 errors are not logged
     assert (
         "sanic.root",
         logging.ERROR,
         "Exception occurred while handling uri: 'http://127.0.0.1:42101/'",
-    ) in caplog.record_tuples
+    ) not in caplog.record_tuples
+    # Middleware exception ignored but logged
     assert (
         "sanic.error",
         logging.ERROR,

tests/test_multiprocessing.py

@@ -87,3 +87,15 @@ def test_pickle_app_with_bp(app, protocol):
     request, response = up_p_app.test_client.get("/")
     assert up_p_app.is_request_stream is False
     assert response.text == "Hello"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("protocol", [3, 4])
+def test_pickle_app_with_static(app, protocol):
+    app.route("/")(handler)
+    app.static("/static", "/tmp/static")
+    p_app = pickle.dumps(app, protocol=protocol)
+    del app
+    up_p_app = pickle.loads(p_app)
+    assert up_p_app
+    request, response = up_p_app.test_client.get("/static/missing.txt")
+    assert response.status == 404

tests/test_named_routes.py

@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ def test_versioned_named_routes_get(app, method):
     bp = Blueprint("test_bp", url_prefix="/bp")
 
     method = method.lower()
-    route_name = "route_{}".format(method)
-    route_name2 = "route2_{}".format(method)
+    route_name = f"route_{method}"
+    route_name2 = f"route2_{method}"
 
     func = getattr(app, method)
     if callable(func):
 
-        @func("/{}".format(method), version=1, name=route_name)
+        @func(f"/{method}", version=1, name=route_name)
         def handler(request):
             return text("OK")
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ def test_versioned_named_routes_get(app, method):
     func = getattr(bp, method)
     if callable(func):
 
-        @func("/{}".format(method), version=1, name=route_name2)
+        @func(f"/{method}", version=1, name=route_name2)
         def handler2(request):
             return text("OK")
 
@@ -48,14 +48,14 @@ def test_versioned_named_routes_get(app, method):
 
     app.blueprint(bp)
 
-    assert app.router.routes_all["/v1/{}".format(method)].name == route_name
+    assert app.router.routes_all[f"/v1/{method}"].name == route_name
 
-    route = app.router.routes_all["/v1/bp/{}".format(method)]
-    assert route.name == "test_bp.{}".format(route_name2)
+    route = app.router.routes_all[f"/v1/bp/{method}"]
+    assert route.name == f"test_bp.{route_name2}"
 
-    assert app.url_for(route_name) == "/v1/{}".format(method)
-    url = app.url_for("test_bp.{}".format(route_name2))
-    assert url == "/v1/bp/{}".format(method)
+    assert app.url_for(route_name) == f"/v1/{method}"
+    url = app.url_for(f"test_bp.{route_name2}")
+    assert url == f"/v1/bp/{method}"
     with pytest.raises(URLBuildError):
         app.url_for("handler")
 

tests/test_payload_too_large.py

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ def test_payload_too_large_at_data_received_default(app):
 
     response = app.test_client.get("/1", gather_request=False)
     assert response.status == 413
-    assert response.text == "Error: Payload Too Large"
+    assert "Payload Too Large" in response.text
 
 
 def test_payload_too_large_at_on_header_default(app):
@@ -40,4 +40,4 @@ def test_payload_too_large_at_on_header_default(app):
     data = "a" * 1000
     response = app.test_client.post("/1", gather_request=False, data=data)
     assert response.status == 413
-    assert response.text == "Error: Payload Too Large"
+    assert "Payload Too Large" in response.text

tests/test_redirect.py

@@ -115,14 +115,14 @@ def test_redirect_with_params(app, test_str):
 
     @app.route("/api/v1/test/<test>/")
     async def init_handler(request, test):
-        return redirect("/api/v2/test/{}/".format(use_in_uri))
+        return redirect(f"/api/v2/test/{use_in_uri}/")
 
     @app.route("/api/v2/test/<test>/")
     async def target_handler(request, test):
         assert test == test_str
         return text("OK")
 
-    _, response = app.test_client.get("/api/v1/test/{}/".format(use_in_uri))
+    _, response = app.test_client.get(f"/api/v1/test/{use_in_uri}/")
     assert response.status == 200
 
     assert response.content == b"OK"